Agricultural straw crushing device

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of straw crushing, and particularly relates to an agricultural straw crushing device, comprising a crushing box, the left side wall of which is horizontally connected with a feed hopper; a clamping and feeding mechanism is arranged in the feed hopper, and the clamping and feeding mechanism is used for clamping and feeding the bundled straw put into the feed hopper into the connection between the feed hopper and the crushing box; a straw cutting mechanism is arranged at the connection between the feed hopper and the crushing box; a guide plate is obliquely installed below the straw cutting mechanism inside the crushing box, and crushing rollers are symmetrically rotatably arranged below the guide plate, and a receiving bin is detachably installed at the bottom of the crushing box; the present invention can not only prevent the bundled straw from being scattered and unable to be normally transported when being cut and crushed, but also prevent the remaining tail straw from being unable to be accurately cut and crushed, but being scattered and gathered at the connection between the feed hopper and the crushing box, thereby affecting the rapid crushing effect of the longer and bundled straw.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of straw crushing, and in particular relates to an agricultural straw crushing device. Background Art

[0002] Straw is a general term for the stems and leaves (ears) of mature crops, usually referring to the remaining parts of wheat, rice, corn, potatoes, rapeseed, cotton, sugarcane and other crops (usually coarse grains) after harvesting seeds. More than half of the products of crop photosynthesis are present in the straw. Straw is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and organic matter. It is a multi-purpose renewable biological resource. Straw is also a roughage.

[0003] Although the existing straw crushers have a feeding mechanism for feeding the straw, the feeding mechanism is mostly a conveyor belt or other structure set at the feeding port of the crushing box to transport the straw into the crushing box for crushing; but if longer corn stalks or sorghum stalks are encountered, since the above two types of straw are longer, and in order to speed up the crushing efficiency, most of them are fed into the feeding port in bundles.

[0004] If a conveyor belt is used to transport long and bundled straw, first of all, the conveyor belt can only transport the straw, but cannot clamp and feed the straw. Therefore, the bundled straw is prone to scatter when it is fed into the crushing box for initial crushing, which will affect the normal feeding of the long straw by the conveyor belt, and it is also unable to guide the transport of the bundled straw, which can easily cause the tail straw entering the feed port to become skewed or offset, thereby affecting the effect of its initial segmentation, and further affecting the efficient and rapid crushing of the segmented straw into the crusher. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention is an agricultural straw crushing device, comprising a crushing box, the left side wall of the crushing box being horizontally connected with a feed hopper;

[0007] The feed hopper is provided with a clamping and feeding mechanism, which is used to clamp and feed the bundled straw put into the feed hopper to the connection between the feed hopper and the crushing box;

[0008] A straw cutting mechanism is provided at the connection point between the feed hopper and the crushing box, which is used to perform preliminary segmentation and crushing on the straw bundles fed into the feed hopper;

[0009] A material guide plate is obliquely installed inside the crushing box below the straw cutting mechanism, and crushing rollers are symmetrically rotatably arranged below the material guide plate. A material receiving bin is detachably installed at the bottom of the crushing box for collecting the crushed straw.

[0010] Furthermore, the clamping and feeding mechanism includes a clamping and feeding component and a disengagement limit component, and the clamping and feeding component includes a support block, a driving screw, a screw nut, a connecting slider, a guide slider, a connecting ear block, a clamping plate, an electromagnetic suction cup and an insulating spring. Two support blocks are fixed symmetrically on the front and rear side walls of the feed hopper, and a driving screw is rotatably installed between the two support blocks through a bearing. One end of the driving screw is connected to the output shaft of a servo motor fixed to the outer end surface of one of the support blocks, and at least two screw nuts are sleeved on the driving screw, and each screw nut is sleeved on a connecting slider. A moving cavity is formed through the front and rear side walls of the feed hopper, and a guide slider is slidably arranged in the moving cavity, the guide slider is connected to the connecting slider, and a contraction cavity is formed on the inner side surface of the guide slider, and a connecting ear block is slidably inserted in the contraction cavity, a clamping plate is installed on the outer end of the connecting ear block, and the clamping plates are symmetrically slidably arranged in the feed hopper, the cavity wall of the contraction cavity and the inner end surface of the connecting ear block are both insulated and installed with electromagnetic suction cups, and the magnetic surfaces of the two electromagnetic suction cups correspond to each other, an insulating spring is insulated and connected between the two electromagnetic suction cups, and the lead screw nut and the connecting slider are connected by a disengagement limit assembly.

[0011] Further, the disengagement limit assembly includes a connecting block, a double-headed double-axis cylinder, a horizontal connecting strip, a limit strip and a limit plug column. A plurality of positioning sockets are provided in a circular array on the outer ring surface of the lead screw nut. An annular cavity is provided inside the connecting slider, and a lead screw nut is installed in the annular cavity. Through holes are symmetrically provided through the upper and lower cavity walls of the annular cavity. Connecting blocks are slidably inserted in the upper and lower through holes, and the bottom end of the connecting block is slidably inserted in the positioning socket. A double-headed double-axis cylinder is vertically fixed to the outer side surface of the connecting slider, and a horizontal connecting strip is fixed to the shaft end of the double-headed double-axis cylinder. The upper and lower horizontal connecting strips are connected to the outer ends of the upper and lower connecting blocks, and the inner end of the horizontal connecting strip extends close to the side wall of the feed hopper. The front and rear side walls of the feed hopper are symmetrically fixed with limit strips along their length direction. A plurality of limit plug columns are equidistantly installed on the corresponding surfaces of the upper and lower symmetrical limit strips, wherein two of the limit plug columns are aligned and inserted with the limit holes provided on the sliding horizontal connecting strip.

[0012] Furthermore, a sealing cover plate is detachably mounted at the upper hopper opening of the feed hopper, and at least two groups of scraper insertion assemblies are mounted on the sealing cover plate, and the scraper insertion assemblies are used to insert the scraper plate downwards between the symmetrical clamping plates.

[0013] Furthermore, the scraper insertion assembly includes a door-type bracket, a lifting cylinder, a synchronous pulley assembly, a threaded rod, a scraper plate and a T-shaped insert strip. The sealing cover plate is provided with an insertion cavity near the crushing box and the middle thereof, and a door-type bracket is fixed at the insertion cavity. Two lifting cylinders are vertically rotatably installed on the crossbeam of the door-type bracket, and the cylinder bodies of the two lifting cylinders are connected to the output shaft of the servo motor fixed on the door-type bracket through the synchronous pulley assembly. Threaded rods are fixed to the end faces of the piston rods of the two lifting cylinders. A scraper plate is slidably inserted in the insertion cavity. T-shaped slots are vertically provided on the corresponding wall surfaces of the symmetrical clamping plates away from the middle. The two side walls of the scraper plate are slidably inserted into the T-shaped slots through vertical T-shaped insert strips. Threaded holes are symmetrically provided on the upper surface of the scraper plate, and threaded rods are threadedly connected in the threaded holes.

[0014] Furthermore, the straw cutting mechanism includes a cutter, a supporting guide block, a connecting strip and a cutting cylinder. The feed hopper extends into the inner end of the crushing box and is slidably installed on the upper part. The side wall of the crushing box connected to the feed hopper is vertically provided with at least two sliding guide grooves, and a supporting guide block is slidably arranged in the sliding guide groove. The inner ends of the two supporting guide blocks are connected to the cutter, and the outer ends thereof are connected by a connecting strip. A cutting cylinder is vertically fixed above the side wall of the crushing box, and the piston rod of the cutting cylinder is connected to the connecting strip.

[0015] Furthermore, a positioning block is flushly mounted on the lower surface of the end portion of the feed hopper extending into the inner portion of the crushing box, and the chamfered surface of the positioning block corresponds to the chamfered surface of the cutter.

[0016] Furthermore, a protective box is detachably mounted on the front and rear side walls of the feed hopper, and a dust suction pipe is connected to the top of the crushing box for collecting and discharging dust generated by crushing the straw in the crushing box.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The present invention cooperates with the clamping and feeding assembly and the disengaging and limiting assembly provided on the feed hopper so that at least two groups of clamping plates symmetrically provided on the clamping and feeding assembly can slide in the feed hopper, thereby clamping and feeding the long straw bundles put into the feed hopper to prevent the straw bundles from being scattered and unable to be normally transported when being cut and crushed, and the disengaging and limiting assembly can disconnect the screw nut and the connecting slider on the driving screw. At this time, the continued rotation of the driving screw will only drive one group of clamping clamping plates to move, thereby continuously feeding the straw bundles, and at this time, the symmetrically opened clamping plates on the right side can guide and transport the straw bundles that continue to enter, thereby preventing the remaining tail straw from being unable to be accurately cut and crushed, and being scattered and gathered at the connection between the feed hopper and the crushing box, thereby affecting the rapid crushing effect of the long and bundled straw.

[0019] 2. The present invention arranges a scraper insertion assembly on the sealing cover plate. When the scraper plate is inserted into and connected between the symmetrical clamping plates under the drive of the symmetrical lifting cylinders on the door-type bracket, the symmetrical clamping plates will slide to the left in the feed hopper, driving the scraper plate to scrape the debris gathered inside the feed hopper to the hopper mouth, thereby facilitating the scraping and cleaning of the scattered and gathered debris in the feed hopper, preventing the feed hopper from being too long and unable to be manually cleaned, thereby causing debris blockage. When the bottom end of the scraper plate is flush with the lower surface of the sealing cover plate, the symmetrical clamping plates will continue to work to clamp and feed the bundled straw, and the rising and fixed scraper plate will not interfere with the sliding clamping plate.

[0020] Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for describing the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the straw crushing device disclosed in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the crushing box disclosed in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the feed hopper disclosed in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the protection box disclosed in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the connecting slider disclosed in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 The present invention discloses Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of the middle part;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the scraper insertion assembly disclosed in the present invention.

[0029] In the figure: 1. crushing box;

[0030] 2. Feed hopper;

[0031] 3. Clamping and feeding assembly; 31. Support block; 32. Driving screw; 33. Screw nut; 331. Positioning jack; 34. Connecting slider; 341. Annular cavity; 342. Through hole; 35. Guide slider; 351. Contraction cavity; 36. Connecting ear block; 37. Clamping plate; 371. T-slot; 38. Electromagnetic chuck; 39. Insulating spring;

[0032] 4. Disengagement limit assembly; 41. Connecting plug block; 42. Double-headed double-axis cylinder; 43. Horizontal connecting strip; 44. Limiting strip; 45. Limiting plug column;

[0033] 5. Sealing cover plate; 51. Inserting into cavity;

[0034] 6. Scraper insert assembly; 61. Door bracket; 62. Lifting cylinder; 63. Synchronous pulley assembly; 64. Threaded rod; 65. Scraper plate; 66. T-shaped insert strip;

[0035] 7. Straw cutting mechanism; 71. Cutter; 72. Support guide block; 73. Connecting strips; 74. Cutting cylinder; 75. Positioning and cutting;

[0036] 8. Guide plate;

[0037] 9. Crushing roller;

[0038] 10. Material receiving silo;

[0039] 11. Protective box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "opening", "upper", "lower", "thickness", "top", "middle", "length", "inside", "all around" and the like indicating orientation or positional relationship are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0042] See also Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, the present invention is an agricultural straw crushing device, comprising a crushing box 1, the left side wall of the crushing box 1 is horizontally connected to a feed hopper 2;

[0043] The feed hopper 2 is provided with a clamping and feeding mechanism, which is used to clamp and feed the bundled straw put into the feed hopper 2 to the connection point between the feed hopper 2 and the crushing box 1;

[0044] A straw cutting mechanism 7 is provided at the connection point between the feed hopper 2 and the crushing box 1, for initially cutting and crushing the straw bundles fed into the feed hopper 2;

[0045] A guide plate 8 is obliquely installed inside the crushing box 1 below the straw cutting mechanism, and a crushing roller 9 is symmetrically rotatably arranged below the guide plate 8. A receiving bin 10 is detachably installed at the bottom of the crushing box 1 for collecting the crushed straw.

[0046] Specifically, the present invention provides a clamping and feeding mechanism in the feed hopper 2. After the bundle of long straw is fed into the feed hopper 2, the clamping and feeding mechanism will first clamp the bundle of straw and continuously feed it to the straw cutting mechanism 7 installed at the connection between the crushing box 1 and the feed hopper 2 for preliminary cutting and crushing. At this time, the clamped bundle of straw will no longer be scattered and separated in the feed hopper 2 and cannot be transported normally. When the tail of the bundle of straw continuously enters the straw cutting mechanism 7, the straw at the straw cutting mechanism 7 is The clamping feeding mechanism on the left side will continuously guide the feeding of the bundled straw to prevent the remaining tail straw from not being accurately cut and crushed, and from being scattered and gathered at the connection point between the feed hopper 2 and the crushing box 1, thereby affecting the rapid crushing effect of the longer and bundled straw. The initially cut and crushed straw will be introduced into the symmetrical crushing rollers 9 through the guide plate 8 below for secondary crushing, so that it will be crushed into qualified straw materials, and then fall into the receiving bin 10 for collection and regular removal and storage.

[0047] In this embodiment, the clamping and feeding mechanism includes a clamping and feeding component 3 and a disengagement and limiting component 4, and the clamping and feeding component 3 includes a support block 31, a driving screw 32, a screw nut 33, a connecting slider 34, a guide slider 35, a connecting ear block 36, a clamping plate 37, an electromagnetic suction cup 38 and an insulating spring 39. Two support blocks 31 are fixed symmetrically on the front and rear side walls of the feed hopper 2, and a driving screw 32 is rotatably installed between the two support blocks 31 through a bearing, one end of the driving screw 32 is connected to the output shaft of a servo motor fixed to the outer end surface of one of the support blocks 31, at least two screw nuts 33 are sleeved on the driving screw 32, and each screw nut 33 is sleeved on a connecting slider 34. A moving cavity is formed through the front and rear side walls of the feed hopper 2, and a guide slider 35 is slidably provided in the moving cavity, the guide slider 35 is connected to the connecting slider 34, and a contraction cavity 351 is formed on the inner side of the guide slider 35, and a connecting ear block 36 is slidably inserted in the contraction cavity 351, and a clamping plate 37 is installed on the outer end of the connecting ear block 36, and the clamping plates 37 are symmetrically slidably provided in the feed hopper 2, and the cavity wall of the contraction cavity 351 and the inner end surface of the connecting ear block 36 are both insulated and installed with electromagnetic suction cups 38, and the magnetic surfaces of the two electromagnetic suction cups 38 correspond to each other, and an insulating spring 39 is insulated and connected between the two electromagnetic suction cups 38, and the lead screw nut 33 and the connecting slider 34 are connected by disengaging the limit assembly 4;

[0048] Specifically, when it is necessary to clamp and feed the straw fed into the feed hopper 2, the disengagement limit assembly 4 near the hopper mouth of the feed hopper 2 is first controlled to work, so that the screw nut 33 and the connecting slider 34 on the left side of the feed hopper 2 are disconnected, and then the rotation of the screw 32 is driven to drive the right-side symmetrical clamping plates 37 to slide to the right in the feed hopper 2 through the screw nut 33 and the connected connecting slider 34, the guide slider 35 and the connecting ear block 36, so that the distance between at least two groups of symmetrical clamping plates 37 in the feed hopper 2 can be adjusted according to the length of the straw to be crushed, and then the corresponding two electromagnetic suction cups 38 in the contraction chamber 351 are controlled to engage The opposite current is passed, so that the two electromagnetic suction cups 38 form opposite magnetic poles and attract each other, so that the connecting ear block 36 slides into the contraction cavity 351, and the insulating spring 39 is in a compressed state at this time, and the symmetrical clamping plates 37 slide toward the front and rear walls of the feed hopper 2, increasing the distance between the front and rear symmetrical clamping plates 37, and then the bundle of long straw is put into the feed hopper 2, and then the two electromagnetic suction cups 38 are controlled to be powered off to lose their magnetic adsorption force, and the elastic restoring force of the insulating spring 39 pushes the clamping plate 37 to clamp the bundle of straw fed into the feed hopper 2, and then the left symmetrical lead screw nut 33 on the driving lead screw 32 and the connecting slide The symmetrical clamping plates 37 are then connected to the block 34, and the rotation of the driving screw 32 will drive the two sets of symmetrical clamping plates 37 to move toward the straw cutting mechanism 7, so that the clamped bundles of straw are sent to the straw cutting mechanism 7 for preliminary cutting and crushing. When the symmetrical clamping plates 37 on the right side slide close to the straw cutting mechanism 7, the symmetrical clamping plates 37 on the right side are first controlled to disengage from clamping the straw, and then the right side screw nut 33 and the connecting slider 34 on the driving screw 32 are controlled to disengage, and then the continued rotation of the driving screw 32 will only drive the symmetrical and clamped clamping plates 37 on the left side to slide, and then the clamping plates 37 on the left side will continue to push the uncut bundles of straw. The broken straw continues to be fed into the straw cutting mechanism 7 for cutting processing, and at this time, the symmetrically opened clamping plates 37 on the right side can guide and transport the bundled straw that continues to enter, to prevent the last straw from being scattered on the left side of the straw cutting mechanism 7 and unable to be cut normally. After the bundle of straw is initially cut and crushed, the reverse rotation of the driving screw 32 will drive the two groups of symmetrical clamping plates 37 to move toward the bucket mouth of the feed hopper 2, so as to clamp, convey and guide the next bundle of straw to be crushed, so that the longer straw will not be scattered and blocked in the feed hopper 2, thereby improving the crushing efficiency of the crushing device for longer and bundled straw.

[0049] In this embodiment, the disengagement limit assembly 4 includes a connecting block 41, a double-headed double-axis cylinder 42, a horizontal connecting strip 43, a limit strip 44 and a limit plug column 45. The outer ring surface of the screw nut 33 is provided with a plurality of positioning holes 331 in a circumferential array. The connecting slider 34 is provided with an annular cavity 341, and the screw nut 33 is installed in the annular cavity 341. The upper and lower cavity walls of the annular cavity 341 are symmetrically penetrated with through holes 342. The connecting blocks 41 are slidably inserted in the upper and lower through holes 342, and the bottom end of the connecting block 41 is slidably inserted in the positioning hole 331. The connecting slide A double-headed double-axis cylinder 42 is vertically fixed to the outer side surface of the block 34, and a horizontal connecting strip 43 is fixed to the end of the shaft of the double-headed double-axis cylinder 42. The upper and lower horizontal connecting strips 43 are connected to the outer ends of the upper and lower connecting plug blocks 41, and the inner end of the horizontal connecting strip 43 extends close to the side wall surface of the feed hopper 2. The front and rear side walls of the feed hopper 2 are symmetrically fixed with limit strips 44 along their length direction. A plurality of limit plugs 45 are equidistantly installed on the corresponding surfaces of the upper and lower symmetrical limit strips 44, wherein two of the limit plugs 45 are aligned and plugged with the limit plug holes provided on the sliding horizontal connecting strip 43;

[0050] Specifically, when the screw nut 33 and the connecting slider 34 need to be disconnected, the shafts of the double-headed double-axis cylinder 42 are controlled to extend synchronously first, and then the horizontal connecting strips 43 that are symmetrical up and down will drive the inserted connecting plugs 41 that are symmetrical up and down to be pulled out from the positioning sockets 331, and at this time the connecting plugs 41 will not be disconnected from the through holes 342, and the horizontal connecting strips 43 that move upward and downward will approach the direction of the limiting strip 44. At this time, the limiting sockets provided on the horizontal connecting strips 43 will have aligned limiting plugs 45 inserted therein, and then the disconnected connecting slider 34 will be fixed through the horizontal connecting strips 43 to prevent the driving screw 32 from driving the screw nut 33 to rotate. At this time, the disconnected screw nut 33 will automatically move in the annular cavity 341 and will no longer push The disengaged connecting slider 34 slides, so that the symmetrical clamping plates 37 can be in a fixed state in the feed hopper 2 to guide and transport the straw, or the continuously rotating driving screw 32 drives the normal sliding of the other two clamping plates 37 to transport the bundled straw. When the screw nut 33 and the connecting slider 34 need to be connected, the shaft of the double-headed double-axis cylinder 42 is retracted, so that it drives the symmetrical connecting plug block 41 to slide downward in the through hole 342 through the horizontal connecting bar 43. At this time, the connecting plug block 41 will be inserted into the aligned positioning socket 331, and the limiting socket at the tail end of the horizontal connecting bar 43 will be detached from the limiting plug column 45, thereby facilitating the screw nut 33 to drive the connected connecting slider 34 to slide synchronously, thereby realizing the driven sliding of the clamping plate 37.

[0051] In this embodiment, a sealing cover plate 5 is detachably installed at the upper bucket mouth of the feed hopper 2, and at least two groups of scraper insertion assemblies 6 are installed on the sealing cover plate 5, and the scraper insertion assembly 6 is used to insert the scraper plate 65 downward between the symmetrical clamping plates 37; specifically, the design of the sealing cover plate 5 can seal and cover the upper bucket mouth of the feed hopper 2; and the design of the scraper insertion assembly 6 enables the crushing device to push and insert the scraper plate 65 between the symmetrical clamping plates 37 when the crushing device is not working, and then the clamping plates 37 slide in the feed hopper 2, so as to scrape and clean the scattered soil or blocky straw debris in the feed hopper 2, prevent the debris from accumulating too much in the feed hopper 2 and causing blockage, and do not require the operator to manually clean it, thereby improving the safety of the crushing device.

[0052] In this embodiment, the scraper insertion assembly 6 includes a door-shaped bracket 61, a lifting cylinder 62, a synchronous pulley assembly 63, a threaded rod 64, a scraper plate 65 and a T-shaped insert strip 66. The sealing cover plate 5 is provided with an insertion cavity 51 near the crushing box 1 and in the middle thereof, and a door-shaped bracket 61 is fixed to the insertion cavity 51. Two lifting cylinders 62 are vertically rotatably installed on the crossbeam of the door-shaped bracket 61, and the cylinder bodies of the two lifting cylinders 62 are connected to the door-shaped bracket 61 through the synchronous pulley assembly 63. The output shaft of the servo motor fixed on the upper part is connected, the piston rod end faces of the two lifting cylinders 62 are fixed with threaded rods 64, a scraper plate 65 is slidably inserted in the insertion cavity 51, and a T-shaped slot 371 is vertically opened on the corresponding wall surface of the symmetrical clamping plate 37 away from the middle, and the two side walls of the scraper plate 65 are slidably inserted into the T-shaped slot 371 through a vertical T-shaped insert strip 66, and the upper surface of the scraper plate 65 is symmetrically opened with threaded holes, and the threaded holes are threadedly connected with the threaded rods 64;

[0053] Specifically, when it is necessary to stop the crushing device and take the receiving bin 10 out of the crushing box 1, the T-shaped slots 371 on the symmetrical clamping plates 37 on the right side of the feed hopper 2 are first controlled to slide to align with the cavity opening of the insertion cavity 51, while the symmetrical clamping plates 37 on the left side are in a fixed state. Then, the piston rod of the control lifting cylinder 62 on the right side above the sealing cover plate 5 is extended, so that the scraping plate 65 is driven by the threaded rod 64 to be inserted downward along the insertion cavity 51 into the feed hopper 2, and then the scraping plate 65 is inserted into the opposite side through the T-shaped inserting strips 66 on both sides. The servo motor on the door-shaped bracket 61 is then controlled to work, so that it drives the lifting cylinder 62 to rotate and retract the piston rod through the synchronous pulley assembly 63, and then the threaded rod 64 will be disengaged from the threaded hole opened at the top of the scraper plate 65, so that the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 62 is disengaged from the connection with the scraper plate 65, and then the right-side symmetrical clamping plate 37 can drive the inserted scraper plate 65 to slide to the left in the feed hopper 2, so that the scraper plate 65 can scrape the debris gathered at the bottom of the feed hopper 2 to the left to the insertion cavity 5 opened near the middle of the sealing cover plate 5. 1, and then control the left symmetrical clamping plate 37 to connect with the driving screw 32. At this time, after the right symmetrical clamping plate 37 equipped with the scraper plate 65 moves in the opposite direction to the initial position, the left symmetrical clamping plate 37 will also slide to the right synchronously. When the right symmetrical clamping plate 37 slides to the initial position and is disconnected from the driving screw 32, since the left symmetrical clamping plate 37 is not equipped with the scraper plate 65 at this time, it will not interfere with the scraped debris when sliding to the right. Therefore, when the left symmetrical clamping plate 37 continues to slide to the right to the opening near the middle, The insertion cavity 51 is aligned, and at this time, the piston rod of the symmetrical lifting cylinder 62 on the door-shaped bracket 61 near the middle is extended, and at this time the scraper plate 65 is inserted between the left symmetrical clamping plates 37, and then the corresponding threaded rod 64 is disconnected from the clamping plates 37, and then when the left symmetrical clamping plates 37 slide to the left, the scraper plate 65 will be driven to scrape the debris gathered on the left side of the middle of the feed hopper 2 to the hopper mouth, so as to facilitate the scraping and cleaning of the scattered and gathered debris in the feed hopper 2, and prevent the feed hopper 2 from being too long and unable to be manually cleaned, which causes the debris blockage;When the symmetrical clamping plate 37 is required to continue clamping and feeding the bundled straw, the scraper plate 65 is driven to slide to the position aligned with the insertion cavity 51, and the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 62 is lowered, so that it drives the threaded rod 64 to descend to align with the threaded hole opened on the upper surface of the scraper plate 65, and then the lifting cylinder 62 rotates while the threaded rod 64 descends to be threadedly connected with the scraper plate 65, and then the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 62 is retracted, so that it drives the connected scraper plate 65 to be pulled out upward from the symmetrical clamping plate 37, and the bottom end of the scraper plate 65 is flush with the lower surface of the sealing cover plate 5, so that the symmetrical clamping plate 37 continues to work to clamp and feed the bundled straw, and the rising and fixed scraper plate 65 will not interfere with the sliding clamping plate 37. ;

[0054] In this embodiment, the straw cutting mechanism includes a cutter 71, a support guide block 72, a connecting strip 73 and a cutting cylinder 74. The feed hopper 2 extends into the inner end of the crushing box 1 and is slidably installed with a cutter 71. The side wall of the crushing box 1 connected to the feed hopper 2 is vertically provided with at least two sliding guide grooves, and a support guide block 72 is slidably arranged in the sliding guide groove. The inner ends of the two support guide blocks 72 are connected to the cutter 71, and their outer ends are connected by a connecting strip 73. The crushing box A cutting cylinder 74 is vertically fixed above the side wall of 1, and the piston rod of the cutting cylinder 74 is connected to the connecting strip 73; specifically, the piston rod of the cutting cylinder 74 extends and retracts reciprocatingly, and drives the cutter 71 to move reciprocatingly up and down at the connection between the feed hopper 2 and the crushing box 1 through the connecting strip 73 and the supporting guide block, so as to cut and crush the continuously fed bundled straw, and the cooperation of the sliding guide groove and the supporting guide block 72 can play a role in guiding the cutting knife 71 to move up and down.

[0055] In this embodiment, the feed hopper 2 extends into the lower surface of the inner end of the crushing box 1 and is flush with a positioning cutter 75, and the beveled surface of the positioning cutter 75 corresponds to the beveled surface of the cutter 71; specifically, the beveled surface of the positioning cutter 75 and the beveled surface of the cutter 71 cooperate with each other, so that the transported bundled straw can be accurately and stably cut and crushed.

[0056] In this embodiment, the front and rear side walls of the feed hopper 2 are detachably mounted with a protective box 11 for protecting the clamping and feeding mechanism. The top of the crushing box 1 is connected with a dust suction pipe, and the dust suction pipe is connected with a vacuum cleaner installed on the side of the crushing box 1, for collecting and discharging dust generated by the crushing of the straw in the crushing box 1. An elastic membrane is provided in the movable cavity penetrated through the front and rear side walls of the feed hopper 2. Under the premise of not affecting the normal sliding of the guide slider 35, it can prevent the debris in the feed hopper 2 from passing through the movable cavity into the protective box 11, thereby affecting the normal operation of some structures of the clamping and feeding mechanism.

[0057] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0058] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementation methods described. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. An agricultural straw crushing device, comprising a crushing box (1), characterized in that: The left side wall of the crushing box (1) is horizontally connected to a feed hopper (2); The feed hopper (2) is provided with a clamping and feeding mechanism, and the clamping and feeding mechanism is used to clamp and feed the bundled straw put into the feed hopper (2) to the connection point between the feed hopper (2) and the crushing box (1); A straw cutting mechanism (7) is provided at the connection point between the feed hopper (2) and the crushing box (1) for initially cutting and crushing the straw bundles fed into the feed hopper; A material guide plate (8) is obliquely installed inside the crushing box (1) below the straw cutting mechanism, and a crushing roller (9) is symmetrically rotatably arranged below the material guide plate (8). A material receiving bin (10) is detachably installed at the bottom of the crushing box (1); The clamping and feeding mechanism comprises a clamping and feeding component (3) and a disengagement and limiting component (4). The clamping and feeding component (3) comprises a support block (31), a driving screw (32), a screw nut (33), a connecting slider (34), a guide slider (35), a connecting ear block (36), a clamping plate (37), an electromagnetic suction cup (38) and an insulating spring (39). Two support blocks (31) are fixed symmetrically on the front and rear side walls of the feed hopper (2), and a driving screw (32) is rotatably mounted between the two support blocks (31) via a bearing. One end of the driving screw (32) is connected to an output shaft of a servo motor fixed to an outer end surface of one of the support blocks (31). At least two screw nuts (33) are sleeved on the driving screw (32), and each screw nut (33) is sleeved on a connecting slider (34). A movable cavity is formed through the front and rear side walls of the hopper (2), and a guide slider (35) is slidably arranged in the movable cavity. The guide slider (35) is connected to the connecting slider (34), and a contraction cavity (351) is formed on the inner side surface of the guide slider (35), and a connecting ear block (36) is slidably inserted in the contraction cavity (351). A clamping plate (37) is installed at the outer end of the connecting ear block (36), and the clamping plates (37) are symmetrically slidably arranged in the feed hopper (2). Electromagnetic suction cups (38) are insulated and installed on the cavity wall of the contraction cavity (351) and the inner end surface of the connecting ear block (36), and the magnetic surfaces of the two electromagnetic suction cups (38) correspond to each other. An insulating spring (39) is insulated and connected between the two electromagnetic suction cups (38), and the lead screw nut (33) and the connecting slider (34) are connected via a disengagement limit assembly (4); The disengagement limit assembly (4) comprises a connection plug block (41), a double-headed double-axis cylinder (42), a horizontal connection strip (43), a limit strip (44) and a limit plug column (45); a plurality of positioning holes (331) are arranged in a circular array on the outer ring surface of the lead screw nut (33); an annular cavity (341) is arranged inside the connection slider (34), and the lead screw nut (33) is installed in the annular cavity (341); through holes (342) are symmetrically penetrated through the upper and lower cavity walls of the annular cavity (341); the connection plug block (41) is slidably inserted into the upper and lower through holes (342); the bottom end of the connection plug block (41) is slidably inserted into the positioning hole (331); the connection slide A double-headed double-axis cylinder (42) is vertically fixed on the outer side surface of the block (34), and a horizontal connecting strip (43) is fixed on the end of the shaft rod of the double-headed double-axis cylinder (42), and the upper and lower horizontal connecting strips (43) are connected to the outer ends of the upper and lower connecting plug blocks (41), and the inner end of the horizontal connecting strip (43) extends close to the side wall surface of the feed hopper (2), and the front and rear side walls of the feed hopper (2) are symmetrically fixed with a limit strip (44) along the length direction, and a plurality of limit plugs (45) are equidistantly installed on the corresponding surfaces of the upper and lower symmetrical limit strips (44), wherein two of the limit plugs (45) are aligned and plugged with the limit plug holes provided on the sliding horizontal connecting strip (43).

2. The agricultural straw crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing cover plate (5) is detachably mounted at the upper hopper opening of the feed hopper (2), and at least two groups of scraper insertion assemblies (6) are mounted on the sealing cover plate (5). The scraper insertion assemblies (6) are used to insert the scraper plates (65) downwards between the symmetrical clamping plates (37).

3. The agricultural straw crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The scraper insertion assembly (6) comprises a door-shaped bracket (61), a lifting cylinder (62), a synchronous pulley assembly (63), a threaded rod (64), a scraper plate (65) and a T-shaped insert strip (66); the sealing cover plate (5) is provided with an insertion cavity (51) near the crushing box (1) and in the middle thereof, and a door-shaped bracket (61) is fixed to the insertion cavity (51); two lifting cylinders (62) are vertically rotatably mounted on the crossbeam of the door-shaped bracket (61); and the cylinder bodies of the two lifting cylinders (62) are connected to the door-shaped bracket (61) through the synchronous pulley assembly (63). 1) is connected to the output shaft of the servo motor fixed on the upper part, the piston rod end surfaces of the two lifting cylinders (62) are fixed with threaded rods (64), a scraper plate (65) is slidably inserted in the insertion cavity (51), and a T-shaped slot (371) is vertically opened on the corresponding wall surface of the symmetrical clamping plate (37) away from the middle, and the two side walls of the scraper plate (65) are slidably inserted into the T-shaped slot (371) through a vertical T-shaped insert strip (66), and the upper surface of the scraper plate (65) is symmetrically opened with threaded holes, and the threaded rods (64) are threadedly connected in the threaded holes.

4. The agricultural straw crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The straw cutting mechanism comprises a cutter (71), a support guide block (72), a connecting strip (73) and a cutting cylinder (74); the feed hopper (2) extends into the inner end of the crushing box (1) and is slidably mounted with a cutter (71); a side wall of the crushing box (1) connected to the feed hopper (2) is vertically provided with at least two sliding guide grooves, and a support guide block (72) is slidably arranged in the sliding guide groove; the inner ends of the two support guide blocks (72) are connected to the cutter (71), and the outer ends thereof are connected via the connecting strip (73); a cutting cylinder (74) is vertically fixed above the side wall of the crushing box (1), and the piston rod of the cutting cylinder (74) is connected to the connecting strip (73).

5. The agricultural straw crushing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower surface of the end of the feed hopper (2) extending into the inner part of the crushing box (1) is flush with a positioning cutter (75), and the chamfered surface of the positioning cutter (75) corresponds to the chamfered surface of the cutter (71).

6. The agricultural straw crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front and rear side walls of the feed hopper (2) are detachably provided with protection boxes (11), and the top of the crushing box (1) is connected to a dust suction pipe for collecting and discharging dust generated by crushing straw in the crushing box (1).

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