In-situ water quality purification system and method combined with river bank slope protection engineering

Abstract

The invention provides an in-situ water quality purification system and method combined with river bank slope protection engineering. The system comprises a river; the at least one first-stage barrage is located in the river channel and used for lifting the water level and adjusting water flow; the plurality of step gabion gabions are arranged along the bank slope of the river channel and are used for completing in-situ water quality purification on river water; and the at least one secondary barrage is positioned in the river channel, is arranged at the downstream of the primary barrage and is used for further raising the water level and adjusting the water flow. The bank slope adopts a step-shaped design, and each step is used as an independent wetland treatment unit. According to the structure, the natural terrain is fully utilized, the contact surface area of water and the wetland is increased, and the water purification efficiency is improved through stage treatment. And the stepped layout is also beneficial to slowing down the water flow speed and promoting the sedimentation and filtration of pollutants.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of water environment treatment, and relates to an in-situ water purification system and method combined with a river bank slope protection project. Background Art

[0002] As the global population grows and industrial activities expand, rivers and water bodies are facing unprecedented pollution pressure. Various pollution sources such as agricultural runoff, industrial wastewater discharge, and urban sewage discharge have led to the deterioration of river water quality, threatening the health of the ecosystem and human water safety. In the face of this challenge, the development of river water purification technology has become an important area of ​​environmental protection and water resources management.

[0003] Existing river water purification technologies can be divided into two categories: in-situ purification and ex-situ purification.

[0004] In-situ purification technology: In-situ purification, that is, purification treatment at the original location of the river, includes physical methods (such as filtration, sedimentation), chemical methods (such as oxidation, flocculation) and biological methods (such as artificial wetlands, biofilm technology). In-situ purification technology acts directly on polluted river sections. Its advantages are that it has little impact on the surrounding environment and can achieve continuous purification. However, this type of technology is often limited by the fluidity of the water body. The purification facilities may reduce the water flow capacity of the river, and the purification efficiency may be unstable under high pollution loads.

[0005] Ex situ purification technology: Ex situ purification involves diverting water out of the river, passing it through an artificial treatment system, and then returning it to the river. This includes building sewage treatment plants, artificial wetlands, etc., to purify water through more complex physical, chemical and biological processes. Although this type of technology can achieve higher purification efficiency, it requires a lot of land resources, has high construction and operating costs, and is difficult to implement for large-scale river purification.

[0006] Existing problems: In the face of increasingly serious water pollution problems, existing purification technologies have many limitations in practical applications. On the one hand, in-situ purification technology may affect the normal water flow of the river, limiting the natural functions and ecosystem services of the river; on the other hand, although the ex-situ purification technology has significant purification effects, its high cost and large demand for land limit its widespread application. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a new type of river water purification technology that can not only purify water efficiently, but also not affect the water flow capacity and ecological balance of the river, while minimizing economic costs and land occupation. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an in-situ water purification system and method combined with river bank slope protection engineering to address the defects of the prior art. The present invention constructs a bank slope cascade wetland system to achieve effective purification of river water quality, while optimizing the river section, maintaining the natural state of river water flow, and promoting the restoration and protection of the ecosystem. Based on an in-depth analysis of existing river water purification technologies, the present invention proposes an innovative solution that can both effectively purify water quality and maintain the ecological function of the river, filling the gaps in the prior art and providing new ideas and methods for river water quality management and ecological restoration.

[0008] The first aspect of the present invention provides an in-situ water purification system combined with a river bank slope protection project, comprising: River channel; at least one primary barrage, the primary barrage being located in the river channel and used for raising the water level and regulating the water flow; A plurality of stepped gabion stone cages arranged along the bank slope of the river channel are used to complete in-situ water purification of the river water; At least one secondary barrage is located in the river channel and arranged downstream of the primary barrage to further raise the water level and regulate the water flow.

[0009] Preferably, each unit of the stepped gabion cage is filled with planting soil and a gravel filling layer, wherein the planting soil is located at the upper part and the gravel filling layer is located at the lower part, so as to achieve water purification while maintaining the stability of the bank slope and support the growth of aquatic plants.

[0010] Preferably, the primary weir and the secondary weir are designed to adjust the water flow velocity and water level in the river channel to optimize the purification efficiency of the water flowing through the stepped gabion cages.

[0011] Preferably, aquatic plants capable of absorbing nutrients and pollutants in the water are planted in the upper planting soil layer of the stepped gabion cages, and the lower gravel layer is used for preliminary physical filtration and dispersion of the water flow.

[0012] Preferably, the stepped gabion cages are distributed in a stepped manner along the shore slope.

[0013] Preferably, the step gabion gabion cages of each step are provided with vertically downward embedded steel bars, which are fixedly connected to the bank slope after passing through the step gabion gabion cages, and the depth of the embedded steel bars inserted into the bank slope is not less than 3m.

[0014] Preferably, in the same level of the stepped gabion cage, the distance between two adjacent embedded rebars is no more than 2m.

[0015] A second aspect of the present invention provides an in-situ water purification method combined with a river bank slope protection project, comprising the following steps: S1 Conduct a preliminary environmental impact assessment, including the impact on the existing ecosystem, the expected improvement effect and possible challenges, and select a suitable river section taking into account the river flow rate, water quality, bank slope topography and surrounding environment; S2 According to the specific topography and water flow conditions of the river channel, design the specific size, shape and spacing of the stepped bank slope, and determine the height and width of each step to adapt to different water flows and ensure sufficient water contact area; S3 constructs a gabion cage structure on each stepped platform, determines the size and arrangement of the gabion cage to meet the design requirements of the wetland unit, fills the lower part of the gabion cage with a gravel filling layer to enhance the structural stability and water flow dispersion capacity; and fills the upper part with an appropriate amount of planting soil to provide an environment for the growth of aquatic plants; S4 Introduce suitable aquatic plants and microbial populations according to local climate conditions, water quality characteristics and ecological goals, plant selected plants in the planting soil layer of gabion cages, and introduce beneficial microorganisms to promote water purification processes and ecosystem recovery; S5 built a first-level dam and a second-level dam at the upstream and downstream of the river to raise the water level so that the gabion stone cages can complete the in-situ water purification of the river.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides an in-situ water purification system and method combined with a river bank slope protection project. The bank slope of the present invention adopts a stepped design, and each step serves as an independent wetland treatment unit. This structure not only makes full use of the natural terrain and increases the surface area of ​​contact between water and wetlands, but also improves the efficiency of water purification through graded treatment. The stepped layout also helps to slow down the water flow rate and promote the sedimentation and filtration of pollutants.

[0017] The step gabion cages in the present invention: Each wetland unit is composed of gabions, the lower part of which is filled with gravel and the upper part is filled with planting soil. This double-layer structure design not only ensures the structural stability of the system, but also provides a good growth environment for aquatic plants. The gravel layer plays a role in preliminary filtration and uniform distribution of water flow, while the planting soil layer further removes pollutants in the water through the action of plant roots and microorganisms.

[0018] In the present invention, water flows from top to bottom through the stepped wetland units, undergoing a multi-stage filtration process from coarse to fine. In this process, multiple purification mechanisms such as physical precipitation, biological adsorption and microbial decomposition work together to effectively remove suspended matter, nutrients and organic pollutants in the water, thereby achieving the purpose of improving water quality. This dynamic filtration mechanism not only improves the purification efficiency, but also enhances the system's ability to handle different types of pollutants.

[0019] The invention effectively solves the problem of riverbank erosion and stability, and at the same time brings the possibility of ecological restoration to the riverbank. The use of gabion stone cages improves the mechanical stability of the bank slope, while the introduction of planting soil and aquatic plants in the upper layer provides a basis for the restoration of the local ecosystem and promotes the increase of biodiversity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the arrangement of the invention.

[0021] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a stepped gabion stone cage in one embodiment.

[0022] In the figure: 1. River channel; 2. First-level weir; 3. Planted reinforcement; 4. Second-level weir; 5. Bank slope; 6. Stepped gabion cage. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the preferred implementation scheme of the present invention is described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, it should be understood that the drawings are only used for exemplary descriptions and cannot be understood as limitations on this patent; in order to better illustrate this embodiment, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product; for those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted; the positional relationship described in the drawings is only used for exemplary descriptions and cannot be understood as limitations on this patent.

[0024] As an embodiment of the present invention, see the attached Figure 1-Figure 2 This embodiment provides an in-situ water purification method combined with a river bank slope protection project, comprising: River 1; at least one primary barrage 2, the primary barrage 2 being located in the river channel 1 and used for raising the water level and regulating the water flow; A plurality of stepped gabion stone cages 6 arranged along the bank slope 5 of the river channel 1 are used to perform in-situ water purification of the river water; At least one secondary barrage 4 is located in the river channel 1 and arranged downstream of the primary barrage 2 for further raising the water level and regulating the water flow.

[0025] Specifically, in the above embodiment, each unit of the stepped gabion stone cage 6 is filled with planting soil and a gravel filling layer, wherein the planting soil is located at the upper part and the gravel filling layer is located at the lower part, so as to achieve water purification while maintaining the stability of the bank slope 5 and support the growth of aquatic plants.

[0026] In some preferred embodiments, the primary barrage 2 and the secondary barrage 4 are designed to adjust the water flow velocity and water level in the river channel 1 to optimize the purification efficiency of the water flow through the stepped gabion cages 6 .

[0027] In some embodiments, the upper planting soil layer of the stepped gabion cage 6 is planted with aquatic plants that can absorb nutrients and pollutants in the water, and the lower gravel layer is used for preliminary physical filtration and dispersion of the water flow.

[0028] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the stepped gabion cages 6 are distributed in a stepped manner along the bank slope 5, and the width of each step is preferably 0.8-1.2m, and the height can be selected between 0.6-0.8m, which is determined by comprehensive design based on factors such as the degree of riverbed winding and riverbed address conditions.

[0029] In some preferred embodiments, in order to improve the stability of long-term operation and prevent the bank slope 5 from experiencing environmental risks such as landslides after being eroded by river water for a long time, the step gabion gabion cages 6 of each step in this embodiment are provided with vertically downward embedded steel bars 3, and the embedded steel bars are fixedly connected to the bank slope 5 after passing through the step gabion gabion cages 6, and the depth of the embedded steel bars inserted into the bank slope 5 is not less than 3m. By distributing the embedded steel bars 3 in a stepped manner, the step gabion gabion cages 6 and the bank slope 5 form a part of the permanent riverbed, thereby reducing the risk of landslide or collapse of the bank slope 5.

[0030] In some preferred embodiments, in order to improve the reinforcing effect of the embedded steel bars 3, in the step gabion stone cage 6 of the same level, the distance between two adjacent embedded steel bars 3 is not greater than 2m.

[0031] The engineering implementation process of the above preferred embodiment, that is, an in-situ water purification method combined with a river bank slope protection project, includes the following steps: S1 Conduct a preliminary environmental impact assessment, including the impact on the existing ecosystem, the expected improvement effect and possible challenges, and select a suitable river section taking into account the river flow rate, water quality, bank slope topography and surrounding environment; S2 According to the specific topography and water flow conditions of the river channel, design the specific size, shape and spacing of the stepped bank slope, and determine the height and width of each step to adapt to different water flows and ensure sufficient water contact area; S3 constructs a gabion cage structure on each step platform, determines the size and arrangement of the gabion cage to meet the design requirements of the wetland unit, fills a gravel filling layer at the bottom of the gabion cage, and sets vertically downward embedded steel bars 3 on the step gabion cage 6 of each step. The embedded steel bars 3 are fixedly connected to the bank slope 5 after passing through the step gabion cage 6, and the depth of the embedded steel bars inserted into the bank slope 5 is not less than 3m. The distance between two adjacent embedded steel bars 3 on the same step is not more than 2m, so as to enhance the structural stability and water flow dispersion ability; the upper part is filled with an appropriate amount of planting soil to provide an environment for the growth of aquatic plants; S4 Introduce suitable aquatic plants and microbial populations according to local climate conditions, water quality characteristics and ecological goals, plant selected plants in the planting soil layer of gabion cages, and introduce beneficial microorganisms to promote water purification processes and ecosystem recovery; S5 built a first-level dam and a second-level dam at the upstream and downstream of the river to raise the water level so that the gabion stone cages can complete the in-situ water purification of the river.

[0032] In order to achieve better purification effect, based on the above embodiments, further monitoring and education work can be done from the following aspects, mainly including: Design a reasonable water level control mechanism, including setting up water level regulation facilities and flow distribution systems, to ensure the effective operation of wetland units at all levels. Consider seasonal water flow changes and extreme climatic conditions to ensure that the system can operate stably under different conditions.

[0033] Monitoring and maintenance: Establish a regular monitoring plan, including water quality monitoring, plant growth status and system structural stability, etc. Perform necessary maintenance and adjustments based on monitoring results, such as replacing damaged gabions, replanting plants or adjusting water level control strategies.

[0034] Community participation and education: Promote local community participation in project planning and monitoring, and raise public awareness of water resource protection and ecological restoration. Enhance the project's educational function and social influence by setting up information boards and conducting environmental education activities.

[0035] Through the above-mentioned method, the technology of the present invention can be effectively applied in the actual river environment to achieve continuous improvement of river water quality and restoration of bank slope ecosystem. This implementation method not only has good environmental benefits, but also enhances the sense of participation and environmental awareness of the community, and also has a positive effect on improving the value of river landscape and promoting ecotourism.

[0036] The present invention not only ensures the purification of river water quality and the stability of the bank slope, but also fully considers maintaining the water flow capacity of the river and improving the river landscape value. The combination of the stepped bank slope design and the ecological wetland not only beautifies the river bank landscape, The technical features of the present invention demonstrate a comprehensive river management technology that integrates high water purification efficiency, strong ecological restoration ability, river landscape value enhancement and social education functions. Through this innovative design and implementation method, the present invention provides a new and effective solution for river water quality improvement, ecological protection and social education.

[0037] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An in-situ water purification system combined with a river bank slope protection project, characterized in that: include: River channel (1); at least one primary barrage (2), the primary barrage (2) being located in the river channel (1) and used for raising the water level and regulating the water flow; A plurality of stepped gabion stone cages (6) arranged along the bank slope (5) of the river channel (1) for completing in-situ water purification of the river water; At least one secondary barrage (4) is located in the river channel (1) and is arranged downstream of the primary barrage (2) for further raising the water level and regulating the water flow.

2. The in-situ water purification system combined with river bank slope protection engineering according to claim 1 is characterized by: Each unit of the stepped gabion stone cage (6) is filled with planting soil and a gravel filling layer, wherein the planting soil is located at the upper part and the gravel filling layer is located at the lower part, so as to achieve water purification while maintaining the stability of the bank slope (5) and supporting the growth of aquatic plants.

3. The in-situ water purification system combined with river bank slope protection engineering according to claim 2 is characterized by: The primary weir (2) and the secondary weir (4) are designed to adjust the water flow velocity and water level in the river channel (1) so as to optimize the purification efficiency of the water flow through the stepped gabion cages (6).

4. The in-situ water purification system combined with river bank slope protection engineering according to claim 2 is characterized by: The upper planting soil layer of the stepped gabion stone cage (6) is planted with aquatic plants that can absorb nutrients and pollutants in the water, and the lower gravel layer is used for preliminary physical filtration and dispersion of water flow.

5. The in-situ water purification method combined with river bank slope protection engineering according to claim 2 is characterized by: The stepped gabion cages (6) are distributed in a stepped manner along the shore slope (5).

6. The in-situ water purification system combined with river bank slope protection engineering according to claim 5 is characterized by: The step gabion cage (6) of each step is provided with vertically downward embedded steel bars, which are fixedly connected to the bank slope (5) after passing through the step gabion cage (6), and the depth of the embedded steel bars inserted into the bank slope (5) is not less than 3m.

7. The in-situ water purification system combined with river bank slope protection engineering according to claim 6 is characterized by: In the stepped gabion stone cage (6) of the same level, the distance between two adjacent embedded bars is not greater than 2m.

8. The in-situ water purification method combined with river bank slope protection engineering according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The steps include: S1 Conduct a preliminary environmental impact assessment, including the impact on the existing ecosystem, the expected improvement effect and possible challenges, and select a suitable river section taking into account the river flow rate, water quality, bank slope topography and surrounding environment; S2 According to the specific topography and water flow conditions of the river channel, design the specific size, shape and spacing of the stepped bank slope, and determine the height and width of each step to adapt to different water flows and ensure sufficient water contact area; S3 constructs a gabion cage structure on each stepped platform, determines the size and arrangement of the gabion cage to meet the design requirements of the wetland unit, fills the lower part of the gabion cage with a gravel filling layer to enhance the structural stability and water flow dispersion capacity; and fills the upper part with an appropriate amount of planting soil to provide an environment for the growth of aquatic plants; S4 Introduce suitable aquatic plants and microbial populations according to local climate conditions, water quality characteristics and ecological goals, plant selected plants in the planting soil layer of gabion cages, and introduce beneficial microorganisms to promote water purification processes and ecosystem recovery; S5 built a first-level dam and a second-level dam at the upstream and downstream of the river to raise the water level so that the gabion stone cages can complete the in-situ water purification of the river.

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