Battery pack explosion-proof structure and battery pack

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of new energy batteries, in particular to a battery pack explosion-proof structure and a battery pack, the battery pack explosion-proof structure structurally comprises an outer shell, a heat insulation sheet and a wire harness fixing part, a mounting cavity is formed in the outer shell, the mounting cavity is used for mounting a battery cell module, the heat insulation sheet is arranged on one side, close to an electrode end of the battery cell module, in the mounting cavity, and a through hole is formed in the heat insulation sheet; the outer shell is provided with a first mounting surface, an explosion venting channel is arranged among one surface, facing the electrode end of the battery cell module, of the outer shell, the first mounting surface and the heat insulation sheet, the explosion venting channel is communicated with the through hole, a first explosion-proof piece is arranged on the first mounting surface, and the first explosion-proof piece is communicated with the explosion venting channel and is used for discharging pressure in the battery pack to the outside; the wire harness fixing part is arranged on the side, close to the first anti-explosion piece, in the installation cavity. The direct influence of high-pressure gas or high temperature on the wire harness is reduced, the thermoelectric separation effect is achieved, the damage to a circuit during thermal runaway is reduced, and the safety of the battery pack is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to an explosion-proof structure of a battery pack and a battery pack. Background Art

[0002] Once a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, a large amount of high-temperature gas will be generated rapidly, causing a sharp increase in the internal pressure of the battery pack, posing a huge safety hazard. The gas-liquid-solid mixture ejected by the thermal runaway of the battery cell is very likely to cause the "secondary hazards" of thermal runaway. For example, the high-temperature gas and molten material may contain conductive substances. When they come into contact with the metal parts in the battery pack, electric arcs are easily formed. Electric arcs can easily break through metal plates, melt metal plates, etc., causing short circuits or insulation failures. In this case, the difficulty of controlling thermal runaway is further increased, exacerbating the risk of explosion of the battery cell. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present disclosure provides a battery pack explosion-proof structure and a battery pack to solve the problem in the above-mentioned background technology that the "secondary hazard" caused by the gas-liquid-solid mixture erupted from the battery cell due to thermal runaway increases the difficulty of controlling thermal runaway and aggravates the risk of explosion of the battery cell.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a battery pack explosion-proof structure, comprising: an outer shell, a heat insulation sheet and a wiring harness fixing portion, wherein:

[0005] An installation cavity is provided in the outer shell, and the installation cavity is used to install the battery module. The heat insulation sheet is provided on one side of the installation cavity close to the electrode end of the battery module, and the heat insulation sheet is provided with a through hole;

[0006] The outer shell has a first mounting surface, an explosion relief channel is arranged between a side of the outer shell facing the electrode end of the battery cell module, the first mounting surface and the thermal insulation sheet, the explosion relief channel is communicated with the through hole, a first explosion-proof component is arranged on the first mounting surface, the first explosion-proof component is communicated with the explosion relief channel and is used to discharge the pressure inside the battery pack to the outside;

[0007] The harness fixing portion is used to fix the high-voltage output harness and the low-voltage output harness of the battery module, and the harness fixing portion is arranged on one side of the installation cavity close to the first explosion-proof component.

[0008] In one embodiment, a second explosion-proof component is disposed in the through hole, the second explosion-proof component is connected to the explosion-proof channel, and is used to discharge the pressure inside the battery pack to the explosion-proof channel, and the pressure threshold that the second explosion-proof component can withstand is smaller than that of the first explosion-proof component.

[0009] In one embodiment, it is characterized in that the first explosion-proof component and / or the second explosion-proof component is an explosion-proof valve.

[0010] In one embodiment, the outer shell has a second mounting surface, and a third explosion-proof component is arranged on the second mounting surface. The third explosion-proof component is connected to the explosion-relief channel and is used to discharge the pressure inside the battery pack to the outside. The pressure threshold that the third explosion-proof component can withstand is greater than that of the first explosion-proof component.

[0011] In one embodiment, the second mounting surface is provided with an explosion relief window, and the third explosion-proof component is a sealing sheet, and the sealing sheet is used to seal the explosion relief window.

[0012] In one embodiment, the first mounting surface and the second mounting surface are spaced apart, and the battery cell module is disposed between the first mounting surface and the second mounting surface.

[0013] In one embodiment, the thermal insulation sheet is a mica sheet.

[0014] In one embodiment, the outer shell includes a first shell and a second shell, the first shell and the second shell are covered to form the installation cavity, the thermal insulation sheet is fixedly arranged on the second shell, and the first explosion-proof component and the third explosion-proof component are both arranged on the first shell.

[0015] In one embodiment, the first shell includes a shell body and a maintenance panel, the first mounting surface and the second mounting surface are both arranged on the shell body, a maintenance window is opened on the first mounting surface, and the maintenance panel is used to block the maintenance window from the outer surface of the shell body.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present disclosure provides a battery pack, comprising the battery pack explosion-proof structure described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0017] The present disclosure provides a battery pack explosion-proof structure and a battery pack, in which a heat-insulating sheet is placed near the electrode end of the battery cell module, which can effectively isolate and slow down the heat generated by the battery cell module during thermal runaway and diffuse to the outside, thereby alleviating the damage of the high-temperature gas to the circuit to a certain extent. The through hole guides the high-pressure gas or flame to be discharged through the explosion-proof channel to avoid direct damage to the external structure of the battery pack. Furthermore, the wiring harness fixing part is arranged on the side close to the first explosion-proof part. When the internal pressure of the battery pack increases, the high-pressure gas is more likely to flow along the explosion-proof channel and the first explosion-proof part. The internal pressure and temperature are lower at the position close to the first explosion-proof part, and the impact on the internal wiring harness is relatively smaller. Therefore, the high-temperature gas is isolated in combination with the heat-insulating plate, and the wiring harness fixing part is placed in a relatively safe area to reduce the direct impact of high-pressure gas or high temperature on the wiring harness, thereby achieving the effect of "thermal and electric" separation, slowing down the secondary hazards caused by thermal runaway, and thus improving the overall safety of the battery pack. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The present disclosure will be described in more detail below based on embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 An overall schematic diagram of an explosion-proof structure of a battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0020] Figure 2 Another overall schematic diagram of an explosion-proof structure of a battery pack provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0021] Figure 3 An exploded diagram of an explosion-proof structure of a battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0022] Figure 4 A thermal runaway path diagram provided for an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0023] Figure 5 This is an intentional diagram of the matching relationship between the shell body and the maintenance panel in the embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0024] Figure 6 The figure is a schematic diagram of the disassembly process of the maintenance panel in the prior art.

[0025] In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used for the same components, and the drawings are not drawn to scale.

[0026] Explanation of the reference numerals: 100, outer shell; 110, first mounting surface; 111, first explosion-proof component; 112, maintenance window; 113, maintenance panel; 120, second mounting surface; 101, first shell; 102, second shell; 121, third explosion-proof component; 122, explosion-venting window; 200, thermal insulation sheet; 210, through hole; 211, second explosion-proof component; 300, wiring harness fixing portion; 400, battery cell module; 500, explosion-venting channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present disclosure, and to fully understand and implement how the present disclosure applies technical means to solve technical problems and achieve the corresponding technical effects, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are only embodiments of a part of the present disclosure, not all of the embodiments. The embodiments of the present disclosure and the various features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict, and the technical solutions formed are all within the scope of protection of the present disclosure. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0028] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present disclosure and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present disclosure described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0029] Embodiment 1

[0030] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a battery pack explosion-proof structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1-4 As shown,

[0031] A battery pack explosion-proof structure includes: an outer shell 100, a heat insulation sheet 200 and a wire harness fixing portion 300, wherein:

[0032] The outer shell 100 is provided with an installation cavity, and the installation cavity is used to install the battery module 400. The heat insulation sheet 200 is arranged on one side of the installation cavity close to the electrode end of the battery module 400, and the heat insulation sheet 200 is provided with a through hole 210;

[0033] The outer shell 100 has a first mounting surface 110, and an explosion relief channel 500 is arranged between a side of the outer shell 100 facing the electrode end of the battery module 400, the first mounting surface 110, and the thermal insulation sheet 200, and the explosion relief channel 500 is communicated with the through hole 210, and a first explosion-proof component 111 is arranged on the first mounting surface 110, and the first explosion-proof component 111 is communicated with the explosion relief channel 500, and is used to discharge the pressure inside the battery pack to the outside;

[0034] The harness fixing portion 300 is used to fix the high-voltage output harness and the low-voltage output harness of the battery module 400 . The harness fixing portion 300 is disposed on one side of the installation cavity close to the first explosion-proof component 111 .

[0035] In this embodiment, the outer shell 100 can be made of aluminum alloy, composite material or high-strength plastic to provide sufficient strength and corrosion resistance. The mounting cavity is located inside the outer shell 100 and is used to accurately mount the battery module 400. The mounting cavity has a specific size and shape to ensure that the battery module 400 can be firmly placed therein and maintain an appropriate spacing with other components. The bottom and side walls of the mounting cavity can be provided with a support structure or shock-absorbing material to reduce the movement and damage of the battery module 400 under vibration or impact conditions.

[0036] like Figure 2As shown, the heat insulating sheet 200 is a thin sheet made of thermal insulation material, which is placed in the installation cavity on the side close to the electrode end of the battery module 400. The main function of the heat insulating sheet 200 is to block the direct transfer of heat, thereby reducing the impact of the heat generated by the battery module 400 on other parts of the battery pack. In this embodiment, the heat insulating sheet 200 can adopt a multi-layer structure to improve its heat insulation effect.

[0037] The heat insulation sheet 200 is provided with a plurality of through holes 210. When the battery module 400 has thermal runaway, part of the high temperature or high pressure generated can be blocked by the heat insulation sheet, and the unblocked part enters the explosion relief channel 500 through the through holes 210. When the pressure in the explosion relief channel 500 reaches the pressure threshold of the first explosion-proof component 111, the first explosion-proof component 111 releases the high pressure to the outside air to suppress the hazard of thermal runaway.

[0038] In one embodiment, the thermal insulation sheet 200 is a mica sheet. The mica sheet has high insulation strength and resistance, low dielectric loss, and excellent arc resistance, high temperature resistance, fire resistance, and corona resistance, so that it can better resist the harm of arc when the battery cell is thermally runaway, and reduce the risk of battery pack explosion.

[0039] In one embodiment, the mica sheet is a phlogopite sheet. Compared with other types of mica sheets, phlogopite sheets have better high temperature resistance, heat insulation, electrical insulation, chemical corrosion resistance and arc burn-through resistance, so that they can more effectively resist high temperature environments in battery packs. During the battery charging and discharging process, especially fast charging and high-power discharge, a large amount of heat will be generated inside the battery. The phlogopite sheet can effectively isolate and disperse this heat to prevent the battery from overheating, thereby improving the safety and stability of the battery. The phlogopite sheet can also effectively isolate the positive and negative poles inside the battery to prevent short circuits between the electrodes, thereby ensuring the normal operation and safety of the battery, further extending the battery life and improving its reliability.

[0040] like Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, the harness fixing part 300 is used to fix the high-voltage output harness and the low-voltage output harness of the battery cell module 400, which are key components for connecting the battery pack with external devices (such as motors, controllers, etc.). The harness fixing part 300 may include components such as a clamp, a bracket or a buckle to ensure that the harness can be firmly fixed on the side of the installation cavity close to the first explosion-proof part 111. When the internal pressure of the battery pack increases, the high-pressure gas is more likely to flow along the explosion-proof channel 500 and the explosion-proof part. The internal pressure and temperature are lower at the position close to the first explosion-proof part 111, which has a relatively smaller impact on the internal harness. Therefore, placing the harness fixing part 300 in a relatively safe area can reduce the direct impact of high-pressure gas or high temperature on the harness, achieve the effect of "thermal and electric" separation, improve the stability and safety of the harness during the operation of the battery pack, and reduce the secondary hazards caused by thermal runaway.

[0041] In summary, the present disclosure provides a battery pack explosion-proof structure, in which the heat insulation sheet is placed near the electrode end of the battery cell module, which can effectively isolate and slow down the heat generated by the battery cell module during thermal runaway and diffuse to the outside, and alleviate the damage of the high-temperature gas to the circuit to a certain extent. The through hole guides the high-pressure gas or flame to be discharged through the explosion-proof channel to avoid direct damage to the external structure of the battery pack. Furthermore, the wiring harness fixing part is arranged on the side close to the first explosion-proof part. When the internal pressure of the battery pack increases, the high-pressure gas is more likely to flow along the explosion-proof channel and the first explosion-proof part. The internal pressure and temperature are lower at the position close to the first explosion-proof part, and the impact on the internal wiring harness is relatively smaller. Therefore, the high-temperature gas is isolated in combination with the heat insulation board, and the wiring harness fixing part is placed in a relatively safe area to reduce the direct impact of high-pressure gas or high temperature on the wiring harness, so as to achieve the effect of "thermal and electric" separation, slow down the secondary hazards caused by thermal runaway, and thus improve the overall safety of the battery pack.

[0042] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment, a second explosion-proof component 211 is disposed in the through hole 210, the second explosion-proof component 211 is connected to the explosion-proof channel 500, and is used to discharge the pressure inside the battery pack to the explosion-proof channel 500, and the pressure threshold that the second explosion-proof component 211 can withstand is smaller than that of the first explosion-proof component 111.

[0043] In this embodiment, a second explosion-proof component 211 is installed in the through hole 210. The second explosion-proof component 211 can be a pressure-sensitive element, such as a bursting disc or a pressure release valve. When the internal pressure of the battery module 400 exceeds the pressure threshold of the second explosion-proof component 211, the second explosion-proof component 211 will quickly open and release the internal high-pressure gas to the explosion-relief channel 500 to prevent the battery pack from exploding. The explosion-relief channel 500 provides a low-resistance path to quickly discharge high-pressure gas when the internal pressure of the battery pack is abnormal.

[0044] The second explosion-proof component 211 serves as the first line of defense. Its lower pressure threshold can respond more sensitively to changes in the pressure inside the battery cell. Once the pressure inside the battery cell increases due to a fault (thermal runaway), the second explosion-proof component 211 will open first to release the internal pressure to prevent further damage or explosion of the battery cell. For example, in a battery pack, the failure of one battery cell may trigger a chain reaction in other battery cells. The timely intervention of the second explosion-proof component 211 can prevent the occurrence of such a chain reaction, thereby protecting the safety of the entire battery pack.

[0045] The first explosion-proof component 111 serves as the second line of defense. Its higher pressure threshold can ensure that the battery pack can still be effectively protected when the second explosion-proof component 211 fails or the overall pressure of the battery pack increases abnormally. This hierarchical protection mechanism helps stabilize the internal environment, allowing the battery system to maintain stable performance output and improve the overall safety of the battery system.

[0046] In one embodiment, the first explosion-proof component 111 and / or the second explosion-proof component 211 is an explosion-proof valve.

[0047] In one embodiment, the first explosion-proof component 111 is an explosion-proof valve. When the high pressure in the explosion-relief channel 500 reaches the pressure threshold of the first explosion-proof component 111, the first explosion-proof component 111 automatically opens to discharge the high pressure to the outside.

[0048] In one embodiment, the second explosion-proof component 211 is an explosion-proof valve. When the high temperature and smoke generated by the battery module 400 reach a certain level, an internal high pressure is generated. When the internal high pressure reaches the pressure threshold of the second explosion-proof component, the second explosion-proof component automatically opens to discharge the internal high pressure into the explosion-relief channel 500.

[0049] In one embodiment, the first explosion-proof component 111 and the second explosion-proof component 211 are both explosion-proof valves. When the pressure inside the battery pack gradually increases, the second explosion-proof component 211 and the first explosion-proof component 111 open their valves in sequence to discharge the internal high pressure into the external air.

[0050] In one embodiment, the outer shell 100 has a second mounting surface 120, and a third explosion-proof component 121 is arranged on the second mounting surface 120. The third explosion-proof component 121 is connected to the explosion-relief channel 500 and is used to discharge the pressure inside the battery pack to the outside. The pressure threshold that the third explosion-proof component 121 can withstand is greater than that of the first explosion-proof component 111.

[0051] In this embodiment, a third explosion-proof component 121 is provided on the second mounting surface 120, and the third explosion-proof component 121 is connected to the explosion-relief channel 500, further forming multiple safety lines. The pressure thresholds of the second explosion-proof component 211, the first explosion-proof component 111, and the third explosion-proof component 121 increase in sequence, which means that as the pressure inside the battery pack gradually increases, these explosion-proof components will be triggered in sequence to release pressure, ensuring that the battery pack can remain safe at different pressure levels.

[0052] The explosion-proof structure of the battery pack of this embodiment introduces the second explosion-proof component 211, the first explosion-proof component 111 and the third explosion-proof component 121 into the structure. The three explosion-proof components are not only connected to the explosion-relief channel 500, but also have a pressure tolerance threshold that increases step by step, so that they can respond step by step at different pressure levels. First, the second explosion-proof component 211 (which may be set with a lower trigger pressure) intervenes in the initial abnormality. If the situation worsens, the second and third explosion-proof components 121 are activated in sequence, providing a clear release path for the high-pressure gas inside the battery pack, forming a multi-level protective barrier, avoiding shell rupture or explosion caused by a sharp increase in internal pressure, and significantly improving the overall safety of the battery pack.

[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the second mounting surface 120 is provided with an explosion relief window 122 , and the third explosion-proof component 121 is a sealing sheet, and the sealing sheet is used to seal the explosion relief window 122 .

[0054] In this embodiment, the explosion-proof window 122 is a specially designed opening on the outer shell 100, which is used to impact the seal from the outer shell 100 when the high pressure reaches the third pressure threshold that the sealing sheet can withstand, thereby quickly releasing the internal pressure. After any one or more battery cells in the accommodating cavity experience thermal runaway, the pressurized gas ejected by the second explosion-proof component 211 enters the explosion-proof channel 500, and then quickly discharges the battery pack through the two-way pressure relief channel formed by the first explosion-proof component 111-thermal insulation sheet 200-explosion-proof window 122. If a large area of ​​battery cells experience thermal runaway in a short period of time, they can also be quickly discharged through the one-way channel formed by the thermal insulation sheet 200-explosion-proof window 122. The position and size of the explosion-proof window 122 can be calculated and designed according to the size, shape and safety performance requirements of the battery pack, and are not specifically limited here.

[0055] In one embodiment, the first mounting surface 110 and the second mounting surface 120 are spaced apart from each other, and the battery cell module 400 is disposed between the first mounting surface 110 and the second mounting surface 120 .

[0056] like Figure 4 As shown, it is a thermal runaway path diagram. In this embodiment, the battery module 400 is arranged between the first mounting surface 110 and the second mounting surface 120, that is, the first explosion-proof component 111 and the third explosion-proof component 121 are respectively arranged at the opposite ends of the battery module 400, which means that the high-pressure gas or flame diffusion direction is arranged at the opposite ends. When the first explosion-proof component 111 and the third explosion-proof component 121 are arranged at the opposite ends of the battery shell, the high-pressure gas or flame will diffuse along the length direction of the battery pack to form a relatively long diffusion path, thereby helping to disperse the high pressure or heat energy to a farther distance, more fully release the pressure inside the battery pack, and reduce the excessive local pressure inside the battery pack or inside the outer shell 100, or the situation of local high temperature, and further reduce the risk of explosion. When the first explosion-proof component 111 and the third explosion-proof component 121 are arranged on the adjacent side walls of the outer shell 100, the high-pressure gas or flame will be concentrated near the two adjacent side walls of the outer shell 100, which is not conducive to the full release of high-pressure gas, especially when the pressure distribution inside the battery pack is uneven.

[0057] like Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, the outer shell 100 includes a first shell 101 and a second shell 102, and the first shell 101 and the second shell 102 are covered to form the installation cavity, the thermal insulation sheet 200 is fixedly arranged on the second shell 102, and the first explosion-proof component 111 and the third explosion-proof component 121 are both arranged on the first shell 101.

[0058] In this embodiment, the outer shell 100 is a split structure, including a first shell 101 and a second shell 102. The first shell 101 and the second shell 102 are detachably fixed together, which is convenient for assembly and maintenance of the battery pack. During the assembly process, the battery module 400, the heat insulation sheet 200, the wiring harness fixing part 300 and other components can be installed in the second shell 102 first, and then the first shell 101 and the second shell 102 are covered and fixed.

[0059] The heat-insulating sheet 200 is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the second shell 102 near the electrode end of the battery module 400, and the fixing methods include screw fixing, snap fixing or adhesive fixing, etc., to ensure the stability and reliability of the heat-insulating sheet 200 during the operation of the battery pack. The third explosion-proof component 121 and the first explosion-proof component 111 are both arranged on the first shell 101. Since the first shell 101 usually covers the main components of the battery pack, the explosion-proof component is arranged here to more effectively protect the core components inside the battery pack, and it is convenient to release the pressure in time when the internal pressure of the battery pack is abnormal, so as to prevent the battery pack from exploding.

[0060] like Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, in one embodiment, the first shell 101 includes a shell body and a maintenance panel 113, the first mounting surface 110 and the second mounting surface 120 are both arranged on the shell body, a maintenance window 112 is opened on the first mounting surface 110, and the maintenance panel 113 is used to block the maintenance window 112 from the outer surface of the shell body.

[0061] In this embodiment, the shell body is the main part of the first shell 101, and the shell body carries the main structure and protection function of the battery pack. The maintenance window 112 opened on the shell body has a position and size that are precisely calculated to meet the needs of maintenance and inspection. Through the maintenance window 112, technicians can easily access the components inside the battery pack to perform necessary maintenance and replacement.

[0062] The maintenance panel 113 blocks the maintenance window 112 from the outer surface of the shell body to protect the interior of the battery pack from the influence of the external environment. When the maintenance window 112 is blocked by the maintenance panel 113, the battery pack forms a closed system that can resist the intrusion of impurities such as dust and moisture. The maintenance panel 113 matches the shell body and is connected by snaps, fixing bolts or other fixing methods. When it is necessary to inspect the inside of the battery pack, after removing the maintenance panel 113, the internal battery cell module 400 or high and low voltage wiring harnesses can be directly inspected without removing the entire first shell 101 (or shell body), which facilitates maintenance and inspection work.

[0063] like Figure 6 FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a disassembly process of the maintenance panel 113 in the prior art. In the prior art, the maintenance panel 113 usually protrudes from the inside of the first housing 101 to the maintenance window 112 and closes the maintenance window 112 . Figure 6The upper cover in the figure is the first housing 101 in this embodiment. It can be seen that in the process of disassembling and installing the maintenance panel 113 in the prior art, the step of installing all the fixing bolts of the maintenance panel 113 must be placed before installing the first housing 101, that is, the disassembly and installation of the maintenance panel 113 are not reversible, which increases the complexity of the process route. In this way, whether it is the normal installation and disassembly of the maintenance panel 113 or the installation and disassembly caused by a fault, it is very easy to cause the first housing 101 of the battery pack to be installed in place, but the maintenance panel 113 and the first housing 101 of the battery pack have not been fixed, resulting in the need for workers to rework, increasing the manufacturing cost and maintenance cost.

[0064] Comparison diagram of the disassembly process of this patent The maintenance panel 113 of this patent is set outside the battery pack. After directly removing the maintenance panel 113, there is no need to remove the entire first shell 101 (or shell body) to perform maintenance and inspection, which greatly simplifies the maintenance operation steps and improves maintenance efficiency. The battery pack maintenance panel 113 is convenient for maintenance and saves time. It improves the situation in the prior art that the first shell 101 of the battery pack needs to be removed before the maintenance panel 113 is removed. The maintenance panel 113 is removed outside the battery pack, which is not restricted by the conditions of the structural environment where the battery pack is located. For example, when the energy storage cabinet or container is very high, the prior art is used to remove the maintenance panel 113, which is more troublesome and has safety risks and may cause work-related injuries or even death to workers.

[0065] Embodiment 2

[0066] like Figure 1-5As shown, on the basis of the above embodiment, this embodiment provides a battery pack, including an outer shell 100, a heat insulating sheet 200, a harness fixing portion 300 and a battery cell module 400. Among them, an installation cavity is set in the outer shell 100, and the installation cavity is used to install the battery cell module 400. The heat insulating sheet 200 is arranged on a side of the installation cavity close to the electrode end of the battery cell module 400. The heat insulating sheet 200 is provided with a through hole 210, and a second explosion-proof component 211 is arranged in the through hole 210; the outer shell 100 has a first installation surface 110 and a second installation surface 120, and an explosion relief channel 50 is arranged between the side of the outer shell 100 facing the electrode end of the battery cell module 400, the first installation surface 110, the second installation surface 120 and the heat insulating sheet 200. 0, a first explosion-proof component 111 is arranged on the first mounting surface 110, and a third explosion-proof component 121 is arranged on the second mounting surface 120, the second explosion-proof component 211, the first explosion-proof component 111 and the third explosion-proof component 121 are all connected to the explosion-proof channel 500, and the pressure thresholds that the second explosion-proof component 211, the first explosion-proof component 111 and the third explosion-proof component 121 can withstand are increased in sequence; the wiring harness fixing portion 300 is used to fix the high-voltage output wiring harness and the low-voltage output wiring harness of the battery module 400, and the wiring harness fixing portion 300 is arranged on one side of the mounting cavity close to the first explosion-proof component 111.

[0067] In this embodiment, the second explosion-proof component 211 is a first explosion-proof valve, the first explosion-proof component 111 is a second explosion-proof valve, the first mounting surface 110 is provided with an explosion-proof window 122, and the third explosion-proof component 121 is a sealing sheet, which is used to seal the explosion-proof window 122. The heat-insulating sheet 200 is a phlogopite sheet. The outer shell 100 is arranged in a square shape, and the outer shell 100 includes a first shell 101 and a second shell 102, and the first shell 101 and the second shell 102 are covered to form the installation cavity, and the second shell 102, the second explosion-proof component 211 and the first explosion-proof component 111 are all arranged in the first shell 101. The second explosion-proof component 211 and the first explosion-proof component 111 are arranged on opposite sides of the first shell 101. The first and second fixing edges are respectively extended from the overlapping sides of the first shell 101 and the second shell 102. The first fixing edge is provided with a fixing hole, and the second fixing edge is provided with a threaded hole. The fixing holes and the threaded holes are connected by fixing bolts to realize convenient disassembly and assembly of the first shell 101 and the second shell 102.

[0068] The battery module 400 includes a plurality of battery cells and an end plate connected in series, and the harness fixing portion 300 is arranged on the end plate, and the end plate is arranged on one end of the battery module 400 facing the first mounting surface 110. The end plate is integrated with the first explosion-proof component 111, the manual service disconnect (MSD), the high-voltage connector, the low-voltage connector, and various sensors and other components, and the high-voltage output harness and the low-voltage output harness are connected to the high-voltage connector and the low-voltage connector on the end plate through the harness fixing portion 300. The end plate is adapted to the maintenance window 112. When the maintenance panel 113 is disassembled, the components integrated on the end plate are directly exposed from the maintenance window 112, which is convenient for maintenance operations.

[0069] The first shell 101 includes a shell body and a maintenance panel 113. The first mounting surface 110 and the second mounting surface 120 are both arranged on the shell body. A maintenance window 112 is provided on the first mounting surface 110. The maintenance panel 113 is used to block the maintenance window 112 from the outer surface of the shell body. An avoidance groove is provided on the maintenance panel 113, and the first explosion-proof component 111 protrudes from the avoidance groove and closes the avoidance groove. The maintenance panel 113 is located on the same side as the high-voltage output harness and the second explosion-proof valve. The explosion-venting window 122 is arranged opposite to the maintenance panel 113. The maintenance panel 113 and the explosion-venting window 122 are both fixed on the first shell 101 of the battery pack, and the three together form a battery first shell 101 cluster system.

[0070] The battery module 400 is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation holes, and the heat insulation sheet 200 is provided with a plurality of through holes 210. The heat insulation sheet 200 is fixedly arranged above the electrode of the battery module 400, and each through hole 210 corresponds to a heat dissipation hole and is interconnected. The second explosion-proof component 211 is arranged in each through hole 210. When the high voltage generated by the battery cell reaches the pressure threshold of the second explosion-proof component 211, it will rush out from the heat dissipation hole and enter the explosion relief channel 500 through the second explosion-proof component 211.

[0071] In the battery pack of this embodiment, the high-voltage output harness and the low-voltage output harness of the battery pack are located on one side of the battery pack, and the high-voltage output harness and the low-voltage output harness are directly fixed by the harness fixing part 300 on the end plate, which reduces the space occupied by the high-voltage harness and the low-voltage output harness in the length direction of the battery pack. The second explosion-proof valve of the battery pack is located on the same side as the high-voltage harness and the low-voltage output harness in the battery pack, which can achieve the effect of electrical and thermal separation and reduce the impact on "electricity". The explosion-proof window 122 is arranged opposite to the first explosion-proof component 111, and the pressure threshold of the second explosion-proof component 211 is ≤ the pressure threshold of the first explosion-proof component 111 ≤ the pressure threshold of the third explosion-proof component 121, forming a pressure gradient, thereby constructing a three-level pressure relief system in the battery pack. After any battery cell or more in the box has thermal runaway, the pressurized gas ejected by the second explosion-proof component 211 enters the explosion-proof channel 500 above the thermal insulation sheet 200, and then passes through the first explosion-proof component 111-thermal insulation sheet 200-explosion-proof window 122 to form a two-way pressure relief channel and is quickly discharged from the battery pack. If a large area of ​​battery cells have thermal runaway in a short time, they can also be quickly discharged through the one-way channel formed by the thermal insulation sheet 200-explosion-proof window 122.

[0072] In summary, the battery pack in this embodiment has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0073] 1. The maintenance panel 113 is arranged outside the battery pack, and can be quickly disassembled and replaced (currently many maintenance panels 113 are built into the battery pack, and the upper cover of the battery pack needs to be removed before the maintenance panel 113 is removed for maintenance), and the entire disassembly and installation process is reversible, which reduces the complexity of the process route and facilitates the operation of workers;

[0074] 2. The first explosion-proof component 111 is placed on the same side as the high / low voltage output harness, the explosion-relief window 122 is arranged opposite to the first explosion-proof component 111, and the second explosion-proof component 211 is arranged to form a three-level pressure relief gradient platform for the battery pack. The first explosion-proof component 111-heat-insulating sheet 200-explosion-relief window 122 constitutes a two-way pressure relief channel, which can release pressure in both directions at the same time or in one direction, thereby forming a complete battery pack pressure relief system, realizing thermal and electrical separation of the battery pack to a large extent, and realizing that after the battery pack is thermally controlled, the internal pressure of the battery pack drops rapidly, and the combustible gas is discharged rapidly, reducing the risk of secondary damage caused by thermal runaway of the battery pack.

[0075] Although the embodiments disclosed in the present disclosure are as above, the above contents are only embodiments adopted for facilitating the understanding of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. Any technician in the technical field to which the present disclosure belongs can make any modifications and changes in the form and details of the implementation without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed in the present disclosure, but the scope of patent protection of the present disclosure shall still be subject to the scope defined in the attached claims.

Claims

1. A battery pack explosion-proof structure, characterized in that: include: Outer shell, heat shield and wiring harness fixing part, wherein: An installation cavity is provided in the outer shell, and the installation cavity is used to install the battery module. The heat insulation sheet is provided on one side of the installation cavity close to the electrode end of the battery module, and the heat insulation sheet is provided with a through hole; The outer shell has a first mounting surface, an explosion relief channel is arranged between a side of the outer shell facing the electrode end of the battery cell module, the first mounting surface and the thermal insulation sheet, the explosion relief channel is communicated with the through hole, a first explosion-proof component is arranged on the first mounting surface, the first explosion-proof component is communicated with the explosion relief channel and is used to discharge the pressure inside the battery pack to the outside; The harness fixing portion is used to fix the high-voltage output harness and the low-voltage output harness of the battery module, and the harness fixing portion is arranged on one side of the installation cavity close to the first explosion-proof component.

2. The structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second explosion-proof component is disposed in the through hole, the second explosion-proof component is communicated with the explosion-relief channel, and is used to discharge the pressure inside the battery pack to the explosion-relief channel. The pressure threshold that the second explosion-proof component can withstand is lower than that of the first explosion-proof component.

3. The structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first explosion-proof component and / or the second explosion-proof component is an explosion-proof valve.

4. The structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer shell has a second mounting surface, and a third explosion-proof component is arranged on the second mounting surface. The third explosion-proof component is connected to the explosion-relief channel and is used to discharge the pressure inside the battery pack to the outside. The pressure threshold that the third explosion-proof component can withstand is greater than that of the first explosion-proof component.

5. The structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second mounting surface is provided with an explosion relief window, and the third explosion-proof component is a sealing sheet, and the sealing sheet is used to seal the explosion relief window.

6. The structure according to claim 4, characterized in that The first mounting surface and the second mounting surface are arranged at an interval, and the battery cell module is arranged between the first mounting surface and the second mounting surface.

7. The structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The heat insulation sheet is a mica sheet.

8. The structure according to claim 4, characterized in that The outer shell includes a first shell and a second shell. The first shell and the second shell are covered to form the installation cavity. The heat insulation sheet is fixedly arranged on the second shell. The first explosion-proof component and the third explosion-proof component are both arranged on the first shell.

9. The structure according to claim 8, characterized in that The first shell includes a shell body and a maintenance panel, the first mounting surface and the second mounting surface are both arranged on the shell body, a maintenance window is opened on the first mounting surface, and the maintenance panel is used to block the maintenance window from the outer surface of the shell body.

10. A battery pack, characterized in that: A battery pack explosion-proof structure comprising any one of claims 1 to 9.

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