TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) tunnel construction slurry grading cleaning device
By designing the TBM tunnel construction mud grading cleaning device, and using the suctionizer and screen partition for grading mud, the problems of mud treatment difficulty and environmental pollution in tunnel excavation are solved, the recycling and efficient separation of water are achieved, and the improvement of Tunnel excavation efficiency and environmental protection.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411477491.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-22
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-03
AI Technical Summary
During tunnel excavation, the mud-containing water generated by TBM equipment is difficult to treat and has potential for environmental pollution. An efficient mud separation system is needed to reduce resource waste and ensure that water quality meets standards.
A TBM tunnel construction mud grading cleaning device is designed, including a carriage, suctionator, screen partition and hydraulic push plate. The mud is pumped through the suctionator and filtered using the screen partition, and graded storage and automated discharge to achieve mud and water efficient separation and recycling.
It realizes effective hierarchical recycling of mud, reduces labor costs, improves tunnel excavation efficiency and economy, and protects the environment.
Smart Images
Figure CN119244265A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction auxiliary equipment, and in particular relates to a TBM tunnel construction mud classification cleaning device. Background Art
[0002] In modern tunnel excavation technology, tunnel boring machine (TBM) is a widely used equipment. During the excavation process, TBM needs to use a large amount of water to cool the cutter, stabilize the excavation face, and transport the cut rock fragments. This water usually flows out through the ditch in the middle of the arch block and is eventually discharged outside the cave. However, due to the crushing of rocks during the excavation process, the water will contain a large amount of mud and rock particles, which not only increases the difficulty of water treatment, but also causes potential pollution to the environment.
[0003] Therefore, how to effectively treat the muddy water has become a technical problem that needs to be solved in tunnel excavation. On the one hand, it is necessary to develop an efficient mud separation system to reduce the waste of resources; on the other hand, it is also necessary to take environmental protection requirements into consideration to ensure that the discharged water quality meets relevant standards. Summary of the invention
[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a TBM tunnel construction mud classification cleaning device.
[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A mud grading and cleaning device for TBM tunnel construction comprises a carriage with an open top and an absorber for absorbing mud, a traveling component is provided at the bottom of the carriage, the absorber is arranged on the outside of one end of the carriage, the upper outlet of the absorber is arranged above the carriage, and the lower suction head can extend into the inverted arch; a screen partition with screen holes is horizontally arranged inside the carriage, and a discharge door corresponding to the upper and lower spaces of the screen partition is arranged on the side wall of the carriage; the absorber and the traveling component are both connected to a controller.
[0006] Furthermore, the screen partition includes a first partition and a second partition arranged at intervals from bottom to top, and the screen hole size of the first partition is smaller than the screen hole size of the second partition; the unloading door is composed of a lower door, a middle door and an upper door from bottom to top, the upper end of the lower door is rotatably connected to the side wall of the carriage at the end of the first partition, the upper end of the middle door is rotatably connected to the side wall of the carriage at the end of the second partition, and the upper end of the upper door is rotatably connected to the side wall of the top of the carriage; the lower ends of the lower door, the middle door and the upper door are respectively matched with the side walls of the carriage through locking mechanisms, and the four sides of the lower door, the middle door and the upper door are sealed with the side walls of the carriage.
[0007] Furthermore, the lower door, the middle door and the upper door are all double-layer doors, which are a perforated door and a solid door from the inside to the outside, and the solid door is sealed with the side wall of the carriage on all sides.
[0008] Furthermore, a push plate driven by a hydraulic press is provided in the carriage, and the lower and upper parts of the push plate are respectively provided with long holes matching the first partition plate and the second partition plate, and the hydraulic press is correspondingly set to three and all are connected to the controller; the two sides of the push plate slide in cooperation with the slide grooves on the inner wall of the carriage.
[0009] Furthermore, locking mechanisms are provided on both sides of the lower door, and the locking mechanisms include a fixed block, a locking rod, a first spring and a limiting ring, and the limiting ring is arranged on the outer wall of the lower door, the upper end of the first spring is connected to the cylindrical locking rod, and the lower end is connected to the fixing plate on the outer wall of the lower door; the fixed block is arranged on the outer wall of the carriage, and the side of the fixed block is provided with a locking hole and an open slideway on the outside, the locking hole can accommodate the end of the locking rod, the slideway is connected with the bottom of the locking hole, and the locking rod can enter the locking hole along the slideway; the locking mechanisms on both sides of the middle door and the upper door have the same structure as the locking mechanisms on both sides of the lower door.
[0010] Furthermore, the suction device includes a suction tube, a pump body and a suction head. The pump body is controlled by a controller and connected to the suction tube. A U-shaped elbow is provided on the top of the suction tube. The outlet end of the U-shaped elbow is arranged above the opening of the carriage. The suction head is arranged at the bottom of the suction tube.
[0011] Furthermore, the upper inner cavity of the suction head is in the shape of a funnel that is small at the top and large at the bottom, and the bottom thereof is in the shape of a square, and the middle portion of the suction head is a honeycomb structure.
[0012] Furthermore, the suction tube is connected to a lifting mechanism for driving the suction tube to move up and down; the lifting mechanism includes a worm wheel and a worm meshing therewith, the outer wall of the suction tube is provided with a tooth shape meshing with the worm wheel, and the end of the worm is provided with a hand crank; a sleeve is provided on the outside of the suction tube, and an outer shell is provided on the outside of the worm wheel and the worm, the outer shell is fixedly connected to the sleeve, and the force-applying part of the hand crank extends to the outside of the outer shell.
[0013] Furthermore, a steering mechanism is provided between the suction tube and the suction head, and the steering mechanism includes a driving component, a slewing bearing and a connecting tube. The driving component and the slewing bearing are both arranged at the bottom of the sleeve, and the output end of the driving component is provided with a driving gear that can engage with the slewing bearing, and the driving component is controlled by a controller; the connecting tube is L-shaped, and the end of the horizontal part of the connecting tube is connected to the suction head through a downwardly bent elbow, the slewing bearing is mounted on the outer wall of the vertical part of the connecting tube, and the upper end of the connecting tube is connected to the lower end of the suction tube through a rotating joint.
[0014] Furthermore, the junction of the elbow and the suction head is connected through a hose, and a second spring is sleeved on the outside of the hose. One end of the second spring is connected to the elbow, and the other end can be pressed against the outer circle of the suction head.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical advances: The present invention sucks the mud in the tunnel invert through an aspirator and transports the mud into a carriage, and uses a screen partition in the carriage to filter the mud, so that large and coarse mud is retained in the upper space of the carriage, and relatively fine and small mud flows into the lower space of the carriage, thereby completing temporary graded storage of the mud; when the mud is almost full, the carriage is moved to a designated discharge location with the help of the bottom walking parts, and the graded mud can be discharged by staggered opening of the discharge door; the level of automated operation can be improved through the controller. The present invention can clean the mud in the tunnel invert and realize graded recovery, can effectively separate mud and water, realize the recycling of TBM water and environmentally friendly discharge, and is beneficial to environmental protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.
[0017] In the attached picture: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a TBM tunnel construction mud classification cleaning device provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a side view of a carriage according to an embodiment of the present invention (the end of the carriage is in a perspective state); Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the locking mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the locking mechanism on one side of the lower door in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lifting mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a steering mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention; In the figure: 1-carriage; 2-suction device, 20-suction head, 21-suction tube, 22-U-shaped elbow; 3-traveling part; 4-first partition; 5-second partition; 6-lower door; 7-middle door; 8-lower door; 9-hydraulic press; 10-push plate; 11-fixed block, 110-locking hole, 111-slide; 12-locking rod; 13-first spring; 14-limiting ring; 15-fixed plate; 16-worm gear; 17-worm; 18-tooth shape; 19-hand crank; 23-sleeve; 24-housing; 25-driving part; 26-slewing bearing; 27-connecting pipe; 28-driving gear; 29-swivel joint; 30-second spring; 31-handle, 32-door shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] The following specific embodiments may be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described in detail in some embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0019] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a mud classification and cleaning device for TBM tunnel construction comprises a carriage 1 with an open top and an absorber 2 for absorbing mud, a traveling component 3 is provided at the bottom of the carriage 1; the absorber 2 is arranged on the outer side of one end of the carriage 1, the upper end outlet of the absorber 2 is arranged above the carriage 1, and the lower end suction head 20 can extend into the inverted arch; a screen partition with screen holes is horizontally arranged inside the carriage 1, and a discharge door corresponding to the upper and lower spaces of the screen partition is provided on the side wall of the carriage 1; the absorber 2 and the traveling component 3 are connected to a controller (not shown in the figure), and the operator can control the operation of the entire device in the TBM cab. The mud in the tunnel invert is sucked out by the suction device and transported to the carriage. After the mud is filtered by the screen partition, the mud with large particles remains in the upper space of the carriage, and the mud with smaller particles flows into the lower space of the carriage, completing the temporary graded storage of the mud. When the mud is full, it is moved to the designated discharge location through the walking parts, and the unloading doors are opened alternately to discharge the graded mud, completing the multi-stage recycling of the mud.
[0020] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the screen partition includes a first partition 4 and a second partition 5 which are spaced from bottom to top, and the sieve hole size of the first partition 4 is smaller than the sieve hole size of the second partition 5; the unloading door is a lower door 6, a middle door 7 and an upper door 8 from bottom to top, the upper end of the lower door 6 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the carriage 1 at the end of the first partition 4, the upper end of the middle door 7 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the carriage 1 at the end of the second partition 5, and the upper end of the upper door 8 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the top of the carriage 1; the upper ends of the lower door 6, the middle door 7 and the upper door 8 are respectively rotatably matched with the side wall of the box body through the door shaft 32, and the lower ends of the lower door 6, the middle door 7 and the upper door 8 are respectively matched with the side wall of the carriage 1 through a locking mechanism, and the four sides of the lower door 6, the middle door 7 and the upper door 8 are sealed with the side wall of the carriage 1 to prevent leakage of mud. The internal space of the carriage 1 is divided into three compartments by the first partition 4 and the second partition 5. The ratio of the three compartments from top to bottom is 3:2:1. Different compartments are separated by partitions with different apertures. Mud with different particle sizes and roughness will flow into different compartments to realize temporary graded storage of mud.
[0021] In the specific design, the lower door 6, the middle door 7 and the upper door 8 are all double-layer doors, which are the perforated door and the solid door from the inside to the outside, and the four sides of the solid door are sealed with the side wall of the carriage 1. When cleaning the mud, close the inner perforated door and open the solid door, so that the excess water can be discharged and the mud can be left, so that more mud can be cleaned at one time. After the carriage is filled with mud, the carriage can be moved to the designated discharge position with the help of the walking part 3, and the perforated door and the solid door of the lower door 6, the middle door 7 and the upper door 8 can be opened in turn to realize the graded discharge of the mud.
[0022] Further optimize the above technical solution, such as Figure 1 , 2 As shown, a push plate 10 driven by a hydraulic press 9 is provided in the carriage 1, and the lower and upper parts of the push plate 10 are respectively provided with long holes matching the first partition plate 4 and the second partition plate 5, and the hydraulic press 9 is correspondingly provided with three and all connected to the controller; the two sides of the push plate 10 are slidably matched with the slide grooves on the inner wall of the carriage 1. During the discharge process, the hydraulic press is started to push the mud through the push plate to achieve rapid discharge.
[0023] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 , 4As shown, locking mechanisms are provided on both sides of the lower door 6, and the locking mechanisms include a fixing block 11, a locking rod 12, a first spring 13 and a limiting ring 14. The limiting ring 14 is arranged on the outer wall of the lower door 6, and a space for the locking rod 12 to move up and down is provided between the limiting ring 14 and the outer wall of the lower door 6. The upper end of the first spring 13 is connected to the cylindrical locking rod 12, and the lower end is connected to the fixing plate 15 on the outer wall of the lower door 6; the fixing block 11 is arranged on the outer wall of the carriage 1, and a locking hole 110 and an open slide 111 are provided on the side of the fixing block 11, the locking hole 110 can accommodate the end of the locking rod 12, the slide 111 is connected to the bottom of the locking hole 110, and the locking rod 12 can enter the locking hole 110 along the slide 111; the locking mechanisms on both sides of the middle door 7 and the upper door 8 have the same structure as the locking mechanisms on both sides of the lower door. During the mud suction process, the locking mechanisms on both sides of the lower door 6, the middle door 7 and the upper door 8 are in a locked state. When the mud needs to be discharged, the locking rod 12 is pressed downward to disengage it from the locking hole 110 and slide outward along the slide 111, and then reset in the limit ring 14 under the action of the first spring 13; when the mud needs to be stored again, the locking rod 12 is pressed downward again to enter the bottom of the locking hole 110 along the slide 111, and enter the locking hole 110 under the action of the first spring 13 to achieve locking.
[0024] In the specific design, as shown in the figure, the suction device 2 includes a suction pipe 21, a pump body (not shown in the figure) and a suction head 20. The pump body is controlled by a controller and connected to the suction pipe 21. A U-shaped elbow 22 is provided on the top of the suction pipe 21. The outlet end of the U-shaped elbow 22 is arranged above the opening of the carriage 1. The suction head 20 is arranged at the bottom of the suction pipe 21. Among them, the upper inner cavity of the suction head 20 is a funnel-shaped one with a small top and a large bottom, and its bottom shape is square, which is more in line with the internal structure of the inverted arch. The middle part of the suction head 20 is a honeycomb structure, which can increase the suction force. The suction head 20 is extended into the inverted arch of the tunnel in advance, and the pump body is started to start sucking mud. The mud is guided to the carriage 1 through the suction pipe 21 and the U-shaped elbow 22 in turn for storage.
[0025] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5As shown, the suction tube 21 is connected to a lifting mechanism for driving the suction tube 21 to move up and down; the lifting mechanism includes a worm wheel 16 and a worm 17 meshing therewith, a tooth shape 18 meshing with the worm wheel 16 is provided on the outer wall of the suction tube 21, and a hand crank 19 is provided at the end of the worm 17; a sleeve 23 is provided on the outside of the suction tube 21, and a shell 24 is provided on the outside of the worm wheel 16 and the worm 17, and the shell 24 is fixedly connected to the sleeve 23, and the force-applying part of the hand crank 19 extends to the outside of the shell 24. By rotating the hand crank 19, the worm 17 is driven to rotate, and the worm 17 drives the worm wheel 16 to rotate, thereby driving the suction tube 21 to move up and down. Of course, the worm wheel can also be driven by a micro motor.
[0026] Further optimize the above scheme, such as Figure 6 As shown, a steering mechanism is provided between the suction pipe 21 and the suction head 20, and the steering mechanism includes a driving component 25, a slewing bearing 26 and a connecting pipe 27. The driving component 25 and the slewing bearing 26 are both arranged at the bottom of the sleeve 23. The output end of the driving component 25 is provided with a driving gear 28 that can mesh with the slewing bearing 26. The driving component 25 is controlled by a controller; the connecting pipe 27 is L-shaped, and the horizontal end of the connecting pipe 27 is connected to the suction head 20 through a downwardly bent elbow. The slewing bearing 26 is sleeved on the outer wall of the vertical part of the connecting pipe 27, and the upper end of the connecting pipe 27 is connected to the lower end of the suction pipe 20 through a rotating joint 29. The above-mentioned steering mechanism can drive the suction head to rotate within a certain range, further expanding the mud cleaning range.
[0027] When making specific Figure 6 As shown, the junction of the elbow and the suction head 20 is connected by a hose, and the outer part of the hose is covered with a second spring 30, one end of the second spring 30 is connected to the elbow, and the other end can be pressed against the outer circle of the suction head 20. The second spring can press the suction head against the bottom surface of the inverted arch so that it can contact the mud as much as possible; at the same time, it can also provide a buffer force for the suction head to prevent the suction head from hitting hard objects and being damaged.
[0028] Further optimize the above scheme, such as Figure 1 , 2 As shown, an inclined handle 31 is provided on the outside of the carriage 1, and the handle 31 is U-shaped, and the two open ends of the handle 31 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the carriage 1 and are arranged on both sides of the extractor 3. When an emergency occurs, the handle can be manually pushed to move the carriage.
[0029] In addition, the traveling parts include four rollers, which can be driven by a motor. If there is a track in the tunnel, the rollers can be mounted on the track to maximize the use of the tunnel's internal devices. If there is no track in the tunnel, a V-shaped pusher with a pointed tip in the middle can be installed at the front end of the carriage to push the gravel on the road into the invert during driving, reducing road obstacles during driving.
[0030] In summary, the present invention can travel inside the tunnel under the drive of the rollers, and the suction device uses the pump body to provide power to suck up the mud inside the invert and discharge it into the upper space of the carriage; the mud in the upper space uses gravity to infiltrate finer and smaller mud into the middle space and the lower space in turn, completing the temporary graded storage of the mud. After reaching the designated discharge position, the discharge door is opened from bottom to top, and the push plate is pushed from bottom to top by the hydraulic press to push the mud out of the carriage, completing the graded recycling of the mud. In an emergency, it can be pushed manually, and the carriage can also be used to transport other materials. The present invention can automatically clean the mud generated by the TBM during tunnel excavation, reducing labor costs and improving the efficiency and economy of tunnel excavation.
[0031] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A TBM tunnel construction mud classification cleaning device, characterized by: It comprises a carriage with an open top and an absorber for sucking mud, a traveling component is provided at the bottom of the carriage, the absorber is arranged on the outside of one end of the carriage, the upper outlet of the absorber is arranged above the carriage, and the lower suction head can extend into the inverted arch; a screen partition with screen holes is horizontally arranged inside the carriage, and a discharge door corresponding to the upper and lower spaces of the screen partition is arranged on the side wall of the carriage; the absorber and the traveling component are both connected to a controller.
2. A TBM tunnel construction mud classification cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screen partition includes a first partition and a second partition arranged at intervals from bottom to top, and the screen hole size of the first partition is smaller than the screen hole size of the second partition; the unloading door is composed of a lower door, a middle door and an upper door from bottom to top, the upper end of the lower door is rotatably connected to the side wall of the carriage at the end of the first partition, the upper end of the middle door is rotatably connected to the side wall of the carriage at the end of the second partition, and the upper end of the upper door is rotatably connected to the side wall of the top of the carriage; the lower ends of the lower door, the middle door and the upper door are respectively matched with the side walls of the carriage through locking mechanisms, and the four sides of the lower door, the middle door and the upper door are sealed with the side walls of the carriage.
3. A TBM tunnel construction mud classification cleaning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower door, the middle door and the upper door are all double-layer doors, which are a perforated door and a solid door from the inside to the outside, and the four sides of the solid door are sealed with the side wall of the carriage.
4. A TBM tunnel construction mud classification cleaning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A push plate driven by a hydraulic press is provided in the carriage, and the lower and upper parts of the push plate are respectively provided with long holes matching the first partition plate and the second partition plate. The hydraulic press is correspondingly provided in three numbers and all are connected to the controller; the two sides of the push plate are slidably matched with the inner wall of the carriage.
5. A TBM tunnel construction mud classification cleaning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Locking mechanisms are provided on both sides of the lower door, and the locking mechanisms include a fixed block, a locking rod, a first spring and a limiting ring. The limiting ring is arranged on the outer wall of the lower door, the upper end of the first spring is connected to the cylindrical locking rod, and the lower end is connected to the fixing plate on the outer wall of the lower door; the fixed block is arranged on the outer wall of the carriage, and the side of the fixed block is provided with a locking hole and a slideway open on the outside, the locking hole can accommodate the end of the locking rod, the slideway is connected with the bottom of the locking hole, and the locking rod can enter the locking hole along the slideway; the locking mechanisms on both sides of the middle door and the upper door have the same structure as the locking mechanisms on both sides of the lower door.
6. A TBM tunnel construction mud classification cleaning device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The suction device includes a suction pipe, a pump body and a suction head. The pump body is controlled by a controller and connected to the suction pipe. A U-shaped elbow is provided on the top of the suction pipe. The outlet end of the U-shaped elbow is arranged above the opening of the carriage. The suction head is arranged at the bottom of the suction pipe.
7. A TBM tunnel construction mud classification cleaning device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper inner cavity of the suction head is in the shape of a funnel which is small at the top and large at the bottom, and the bottom thereof is in the shape of a square, and the middle part of the suction head is in a honeycomb structure.
8. A TBM tunnel construction mud classification cleaning device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The suction tube is connected to a lifting mechanism for driving the suction tube to move up and down; the lifting mechanism includes a worm wheel and a worm meshing therewith, a tooth shape meshing with the worm wheel is provided on the outer wall of the suction tube, and a hand crank is provided at the end of the worm; a sleeve is provided on the outside of the suction tube, and an outer shell is provided on the outside of the worm wheel and the worm, the outer shell is fixedly connected to the sleeve, and the force-applying part of the hand crank extends to the outside of the outer shell.
9. A TBM tunnel construction mud classification cleaning device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A steering mechanism is provided between the suction tube and the suction head, and the steering mechanism includes a driving component, a slewing bearing and a connecting tube. The driving component and the slewing bearing are both arranged at the bottom of the sleeve, and the output end of the driving component is provided with a driving gear that can engage with the slewing bearing, and the driving component is controlled by a controller; the connecting tube is L-shaped, and the end of the horizontal part of the connecting tube is connected to the suction head through a downwardly bent elbow, the slewing bearing is sleeved on the outer wall of the vertical part of the connecting tube, and the upper end of the connecting tube is connected to the lower end of the suction tube through a rotating joint.
10. A TBM tunnel construction mud classification cleaning device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The junction of the elbow and the suction head is connected through a hose, and a second spring is sleeved on the outside of the hose. One end of the second spring is connected to the elbow, and the other end can be pressed against the outer circle of the suction head.