Rotary system and method for reducing inactivation of flue gas carbon adsorbent
By adopting a rotary adsorption and desorption device and layered adsorbent structure in the carbon dioxide capture system, the problem of adsorbent deactivation caused by sulfur oxides in the flue gas is solved, and efficient and energy-saving carbon dioxide capture and sulfur oxides are achieved. Graded removal is suitable for scenarios with different sulfur content.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411593057.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-08
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-03
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, when sulfur oxides exist in the flue gas, the carbon dioxide capture system causes the adsorbent to be deactivated, and the rotary equipment is complicated to operate and has poor reliability, which fails to effectively solve the high-purity capture of carbon dioxide in large flow flue gases and Energy saving issue.
Using a rotary adsorption and desorption device, the solid amine and 3-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane are supported by the layered structure of sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide adsorbent layers. The loaded solid amine is used as a filler to achieve continuous absorption and desorption of large flows, and heat recovery is carried out through a carbon dioxide reheater to reduce the impact of sulfur oxides on the adsorbent.
It achieves compact and efficient high-flow flue gas absorption and desorption, reduces adsorbent deactivation, saves energy and improves the high-purity capture efficiency of carbon dioxide, and is suitable for scenarios with different sulfur content.
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Figure CN119245058A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of thermal power generation, and in particular relates to a rotary system and method for reducing the deactivation of flue gas carbon adsorbent. Background Art
[0002] The boiler is a key device in a thermal power plant. The combustion of fuel in the boiler generates a large amount of heat, and the heat is transferred to the water vapor working medium in the boiler. The combustion of fuel produces flue gas, which is generated from the boiler furnace and passes through various levels of heating surfaces along the flue in sequence, including superheaters, economizers, air preheaters, etc. Typical flue gas often contains emissions such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, and carbon dioxide. Nitrogen oxides are removed in the SCR device, and sulfur oxides are removed in the desulfurization device arranged after the air preheater. So far, most thermal power plants have not been equipped with carbon dioxide removal devices. In order to meet increasingly stringent environmental protection requirements and improve the efficiency of power plants, it is necessary to actively remove and capture a large amount of carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas of coal-fired power plants, that is, to use carbon dioxide capture and storage technology (CCS).
[0003] CCS in thermal power plants mainly includes three capture methods: before combustion, during combustion (oxygen-enriched combustion), and after combustion. Among them, post-combustion capture has the least impact on the transformation of existing power plants. It only requires the installation of a CCS device at the tail of the flue to separate and store carbon dioxide, which is also a relatively economical capture method. In the demonstration power plant equipped with a post-combustion CCS device, the amine solution chemical absorption method is mainly used, which uses amine solution to absorb CO2 and completes the regeneration of the amine solution and the removal of CO2 by heating. However, the chemical absorption method has problems such as high regeneration energy consumption and strong corrosion to equipment. Compared with the chemical absorption method, the use of amine-modified solid adsorbents has lower energy consumption during heating and almost no equipment corrosion problems.
[0004] The boiler flue gas flow is large, so the use of carbon dioxide solid amine adsorbent requires the design of the bed type of the reaction equipment to achieve large-flow continuous adsorption and desorption. Solid amine adsorption is usually carried out at a low temperature below 70°C, and desorption is completed at 120°C to 150°C. The boiler tail flue gas heat ladder utilization structure needs to be redesigned. At the same time, a certain amount of sulfur oxides contained in the flue gas will cause a more serious deactivation of the carbon dioxide adsorbent. This problem cannot be ignored during the long-term operation of the power plant.
[0005] Similar patents: The patent "CN118663028A Carbon dioxide capture system, recovery and refining system and method" proposes a carbon dioxide capture system using the adsorption method, which also contains a water washing desulfurization and denitrification device. However, this method does not take into account the desulfurization and denitrification effects, and whether the residue will have a negative impact on the subsequent decarbonization transfer. At the same time, this method uses an adsorption tank similar to a fixed bed or a stacked bed, and requires frequent adjustment of the valves between the adsorption and desorption tanks. Especially when performing large-flow flue gas carbon capture, the operation is cumbersome and the reliability is poor.
[0006] In the patent "CN113813744B A system and method for improving the economic efficiency of CO2 capture in coal-fired boiler flue gas", rotary equipment is used to increase the carbon dioxide concentration in the flue gas, but high-purity CO2 is not obtained. It only reduces the capture cost for subsequent separation, and does not consider the deactivation of the bed filling material by the flue gas SO2. Summary of the invention
[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a rotary system and method for reducing the deactivation of flue gas carbon adsorbent to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art.
[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A rotary system for reducing the deactivation of flue gas carbon adsorbent, comprising a boiler furnace, wherein the boiler furnace flue gas outlet is connected to the superheater inlet, the superheater outlet is connected to the economizer inlet, the economizer outlet is connected to the denitrification device inlet, the denitrification device outlet is connected to the flue gas inlet of the air preheater, the flue gas outlet of the air preheater is connected to the adsorbent buffer bin or the desulfurization device, the air inlet is connected to the atmosphere and the carbon dioxide reheater, and the air outlet is simultaneously connected to the carbon dioxide reheater and the boiler furnace inlet; the adsorption gas buffer bin inlet is connected to the flue gas outlet of the desulfurization device or the air preheater, the gas channel outlet of the adsorption gas buffer bin directly guides the gas to the sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer of the rotary adsorption and desorption device, and the mainstream direction of the air channel is perpendicular to the sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer of the rotary adsorption and desorption device. On the surface of the cylindrical rotary adsorption and desorption device, the flue gas is directly introduced into the carbon dioxide adsorbent layer from the flue after passing through the sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer, and is directly discharged into the atmosphere after passing through the carbon dioxide adsorbent layer. The air side inlet of the carbon dioxide reheater is connected to the air side outlet of the air preheater, and the air side outlet is connected to the air side inlet of the air preheater. The CO2 side inlet of the carbon dioxide reheater is connected to the sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer and the carbon dioxide auxiliary gas source at the same time, and the CO2 side outlet is connected to the desorption gas buffer bin. The outlet gas of the desorption gas buffer bin is directly introduced into the sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer. After passing through the sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer, part of the outlet gas flows to the carbon dioxide collection device, and the rest enters the carbon dioxide reheater for reheating.
[0009] A further improvement of the present invention is that the air outlet of the air preheater is connected to the carbon dioxide reheater and the boiler furnace inlet at the same time, and the flow ratio is controlled by a diverter valve.
[0010] A further improvement of the present invention is that the adsorption gas buffer bin can produce condensed water.
[0011] A further improvement of the present invention is that the sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer and the carbon dioxide adsorbent layer together constitute a rotary adsorption and desorption device, the two share the same rotation axis, and the whole is a double-layer cylindrical structure rotating around the central axis.
[0012] A further improvement of the present invention is that the upper and lower layers of the sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer and the carbon dioxide adsorbent layer can be filled with different adsorbents and can be expanded to a multi-layer structure.
[0013] A further improvement of the present invention is that the filler of the sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer is: (N,N-diethylaminopropyl)trimethoxysilane loaded solid amine.
[0014] A further improvement of the present invention is that the filler of the carbon dioxide adsorbent layer is: 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane loaded solid amine.
[0015] A further improvement of the present invention is that the carbon dioxide collected in the carbon dioxide collection device can supply a carbon dioxide auxiliary gas source.
[0016] A further improvement of the present invention is that the carbon dioxide reheater is a heat exchanger used for reheating the desorbed gas and recovering heat from part of the air at the outlet of the air preheater. The desorbed gas side, i.e., the CO2 side, contains two inlets, including a CO2 gas inlet from a carbon dioxide auxiliary gas source during cold start or special circumstances, and a high-purity CO2 that completes CO2 desorption through a carbon dioxide adsorbent layer.
[0017] A rotary method for mitigating flue gas carbon sorbent deactivation, comprising: After the fuel is burned, the flue gas is generated from the boiler furnace, passes through the superheater and economizer for heat recovery, then the nitrogen oxides are removed in the denitrification device and enter the air preheater flue gas bin; The fan introduces normal temperature air from the atmosphere, and heat exchange between air and flue gas occurs in the air preheater. After the flue gas is cooled, the heat is absorbed and the air is heated to above 300°C. Most of the air enters the furnace in the form of primary air and secondary air to complete the combustion process, and a small amount of high-temperature air is diverted to the carbon dioxide reheater. When the sulfur content in the fuel or flue gas is high, the flue gas from the air preheater is first passed through the desulfurization device for preliminary removal of sulfur oxides; when the sulfur content is low, the cooled flue gas directly enters the adsorption gas buffer bin; In the adsorption gas buffer bin, if the flue gas passes through the desulfurization device, condensed water may be generated. The flue gas flows out of the adsorption gas buffer bin as adsorption gas and enters the adsorption bin of the rotary adsorption and desorption device. The flue gas contains a small amount of sulfur oxides and first passes through the sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer; After passing through the sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer, the flue gas enters the carbon dioxide adsorbent layer, where a large amount of carbon dioxide is adsorbed, and the remaining components, mainly nitrogen, are directly discharged into the atmosphere; After desorption, the temperature of the desorbed gas will drop slightly. Most of the desorbed gas will be recovered using a carbon dioxide collection device and used as a backup gas for the carbon dioxide auxiliary gas source. A small amount of gas enters the carbon dioxide reheater for reheating and then enters the sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer. After SO2 desorption, the main components are SO2 and CO2, which are directly passed into the alkaline tail gas absorption solution for absorption.
[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects: 1. Compared with the fixed bed CO2 adsorption and desorption bed, the rotary adsorption and desorption bed type device is highly compact, occupies a small area, and can achieve continuous adsorption and desorption of large flow flue gas under a stable and continuous mechanical motion structure.
[0019] 2. By filling different honeycomb adsorption materials in layers, a graded adsorption and desorption device is constructed to effectively avoid the deactivation effect of sulfur dioxide on the carbon dioxide adsorbent, so that it can be used in both "micro-sulfur scenarios" and "high-sulfur scenarios". A small amount of sulfur dioxide in the adsorbed gas is first removed, effectively reducing the impact of sulfur dioxide on the carbon dioxide adsorbent. 3. Since the temperature window of the desorbed gas is between 120°C and 150°C, the desorbed gas needs to be heated before desorption. The present invention realizes the cascade utilization of energy in the system by using part of the heated air to preheat or reheat the desorbed gas, which is more energy-efficient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a rotary system for reducing the deactivation of flue gas carbon adsorbent according to the present invention; Description of reference numerals: 1- boiler furnace, 2- superheater, 3- economizer, 4- denitrification device, 5- air preheater, 6- adsorption gas buffer bin, 7- sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer, 8- carbon dioxide adsorbent layer, 9- carbon dioxide reheater, 10- carbon dioxide collection device, 11- desorption gas buffer bin, 12- alkaline tail gas absorption solution, 13- carbon dioxide auxiliary gas source, 14- atmosphere, 15- condensed water, 16- desulfurization device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] In the following, only some exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will appreciate, the described embodiments may be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings and descriptions are considered to be exemplary and non-restrictive in nature.
[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.
[0023] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
[0024] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0025] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.
[0026] It should also be understood that the terms used in the present specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used in the present specification and the appended claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include plural forms.
[0027] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" used in the present description and the appended claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes these combinations.
[0028] Various structural schematic diagrams of the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. These figures are not drawn to scale, and some details are magnified and some details may be omitted for the purpose of clear expression. The shapes of various regions and layers shown in the figures and the relative sizes and positional relationships therebetween are only exemplary, and may deviate in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and those skilled in the art may additionally design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions according to actual needs.
[0029] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0030] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a rotary system for reducing the deactivation of flue gas carbon adsorbent, including a boiler furnace 1, the boiler furnace 1 flue gas outlet is connected to the superheater 2 inlet, the superheater 2 outlet is connected to the economizer 3 inlet, the economizer 3 outlet is connected to the denitrification device 4 inlet, the denitrification device 4 outlet is connected to the flue gas inlet of the air preheater 5, the flue gas outlet of the air preheater 5 is connected to the adsorbent buffer bin 6 or the desulfurization device 16, the air inlet is connected to the atmosphere 14 and the carbon dioxide reheater 9, and the air outlet is simultaneously connected to the carbon dioxide reheater 9 and the boiler furnace 1 inlet; the adsorption gas buffer bin 6 inlet is connected to the desulfurization device 16 or the flue gas outlet of the air preheater 5, the gas channel outlet of the adsorption gas buffer bin 6 directly guides the gas to the sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer 7 of the rotary adsorption and desorption device, and the air channel The mainstream direction is perpendicular to the surface of the cylindrical rotary adsorption and desorption device. After passing through the sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer 7, the flue gas is directly introduced into the carbon dioxide adsorbent layer 8 from the flue, and is directly discharged into the atmosphere 14 after passing through the carbon dioxide adsorbent layer 8. The air side inlet of the carbon dioxide reheater 9 is connected to the air side outlet of the air preheater 5, and the air side outlet is connected to the air side inlet of the air preheater 5. The CO2 side inlet of the carbon dioxide reheater 9 is connected to the sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer 8 and the carbon dioxide auxiliary gas source 13 at the same time, and the CO2 side outlet is connected to the desorption gas buffer bin 11. The outlet gas of the desorption gas buffer bin 11 is directly introduced into the sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer 8. After passing through the sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer 8, part of the outlet gas flows to the carbon dioxide collection device 10, and the rest enters the carbon dioxide reheater 9 for reheating.
[0031] In this embodiment, the air outlet of the air preheater 5 is connected to the carbon dioxide reheater 9 and the inlet of the boiler furnace 1 at the same time, and the flow ratio is controlled by a diverter valve.
[0032] In this embodiment, the adsorption gas buffer chamber 6 is capable of generating condensed water 15 .
[0033] In this embodiment, the sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer 7 and the carbon dioxide adsorbent layer 8 together constitute a rotary adsorption and desorption device, which share the same rotation axis and are a double-layer cylindrical structure that rotates around the central axis.
[0034] In this embodiment, the upper and lower layers of the sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer 7 and the carbon dioxide adsorbent layer 8 can be filled with different adsorbents, and can be expanded to a multi-layer structure.
[0035] In this embodiment, the filler of the sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer 7 is (N,N-diethylaminopropyl)trimethoxysilane loaded with solid amine.
[0036] In this embodiment, the filler of the carbon dioxide adsorbent layer 8 is 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane loaded with solid amine.
[0037] In this embodiment, the carbon dioxide collected in the carbon dioxide collection device 10 can be supplied to the carbon dioxide auxiliary gas source 13 .
[0038] Example 2 like Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides a rotary system for reducing the deactivation of flue gas carbon adsorbent, including a boiler furnace 1, the boiler furnace 1 flue gas outlet is connected to the superheater 2 inlet, the superheater 2 outlet is connected to the economizer 3 inlet, the economizer 3 outlet is connected to the denitrification device 4 inlet, the denitrification device 4 outlet is connected to the flue gas inlet of the air preheater 5, the flue gas outlet of the air preheater 5 can be optionally connected to the adsorbent buffer bin 6 or the desulfurization device 16, its air inlet is simultaneously connected to the atmosphere 14 and the carbon dioxide reheater 9, the air outlet is simultaneously connected to the carbon dioxide reheater 9 and the boiler furnace 1 inlet and the flow ratio is controlled by a diverter valve, the adsorption gas buffer bin 6 inlet can be optionally connected to the desulfurization device 16 or the flue gas outlet of the air preheater 5, the adsorption gas buffer bin 6 may produce condensed water 15, and at the same time, its gas channel outlet directly guides the gas to the sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer 7 of the rotary adsorption and desorption device, the airway mainstream direction is perpendicular to the cylindrical rotary adsorption and desorption device surface, and the flue gas passes through the sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer 7 and is directly introduced into the carbon dioxide from the flue The sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer 8 is directly discharged into the atmosphere 14 after passing through the carbon dioxide adsorbent layer 8. The sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer 7 and the carbon dioxide adsorbent layer 8 together constitute a rotary adsorption and desorption device. The two share the same rotation axis. The overall structure is a double-layer cylindrical structure rotating around the central axis. The upper and lower layers can be filled with different adsorbents. Similarly, the device can also be expanded to a multi-layer structure. The air side inlet of the carbon dioxide reheater 9 is connected to the air side outlet of the air preheater 5, and the air side outlet is connected to the air side inlet of the air preheater 5. The CO2 side inlet of the carbon dioxide reheater 9 is simultaneously connected to the sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer 8 and the carbon dioxide auxiliary gas source 13. The CO2 side outlet is connected to the desorption gas buffer bin 11. The outlet gas of the desorption gas buffer bin 11 is directly introduced into the sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer 8. After passing through the sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer 8, part of the outlet gas flows to the carbon dioxide collection device 10, and part enters the carbon dioxide reheater 9 for reheating. At the same time, the carbon dioxide collected in the carbon dioxide collection device 10 can be selectively supplied to the carbon dioxide auxiliary gas source 13.
[0039] Example 3 like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a rotary method for reducing the deactivation of flue gas carbon adsorbent, comprising: After the fuel is burned, the flue gas is generated from the boiler furnace 1, passes through the superheater 2 and the economizer 3 for heat recovery, and then the nitrogen oxides are removed in the denitrification device 4, and then enters the air preheater flue gas bin 5; The fan introduces room temperature air from the atmosphere 14, and heat exchange between air and flue gas occurs in the air preheater 5. After the flue gas is cooled, the heat is absorbed, and the air is heated to above 300°C. Most of it enters the furnace in the form of primary air and secondary air to complete the combustion process, and a small amount of high-temperature air is diverted to enter the carbon dioxide reheater 9; The present invention has two construction scenarios, namely "micro-sulfur scenario" and "high-sulfur scenario". When the sulfur content in the fuel or flue gas is high, the device is built according to the "high-sulfur scenario", and the flue gas from the air preheater 5 needs to pass through the desulfurization device 16 for preliminary removal of sulfur oxides. Usually, the desulfurization device can remove more than 95% of sulfur oxides, but there are still a small amount of residues. When the sulfur content is low, the device is built according to the "micro-sulfur scenario", and the flue gas that has been cooled can directly enter the adsorption gas buffer bin 6; In the adsorption gas buffer bin 6, if the flue gas passes through the desulfurization device 16, condensed water 15 may be generated. After the flue gas flows out of the adsorption gas buffer bin 6 as adsorption gas, it enters the adsorption bin of the rotary adsorption and desorption device. The flue gas contains a small amount of sulfur oxides. It first passes through the sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer 7 (sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer filler: (N, N-diethylaminopropyl) trimethoxysilane loaded solid amine). The carbon dioxide adsorption capacity of the tertiary amine is small, but a small amount of sulfur oxides can be basically completely adsorbed, so that the sulfur oxides can be removed to the greatest extent before the flue gas enters the carbon dioxide adsorbent layer, reducing the impact of sulfur oxides on the carbon dioxide adsorbent; After passing through the sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer, the flue gas enters the carbon dioxide adsorbent layer 8 (the filler of the carbon dioxide adsorbent layer: 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane loaded solid amine), where a large amount of carbon dioxide is adsorbed in the carbon dioxide adsorbent layer, and the remaining components are mainly nitrogen, which can be directly discharged into the atmosphere 14; After adsorption, the sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer 7 and the carbon dioxide adsorbent layer 8 enter the desorption chamber through coaxial rotation, and under the action of the relatively high temperature desorption gas, the desorption of SO2 and CO2 is completed respectively; The carbon dioxide reheater 9 is a heat exchanger, which is mainly used for reheating the desorbed gas and recovering the heat of part of the air at the outlet of the air preheater. The desorbed gas side, i.e., the CO2 side, contains two inlets, including the CO2 gas inlet from the carbon dioxide auxiliary gas source 13 during cold start or special circumstances, and the high-purity CO2 that completes CO2 desorption through the carbon dioxide adsorbent layer. After desorption, the temperature of the desorbed gas will be slightly reduced. Most of the desorbed gas will be recovered using the carbon dioxide collection device 10 and used as backup gas for the carbon dioxide auxiliary gas source 13. A small part of the gas enters the carbon dioxide reheater 9 for reheating and then enters the sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer 7. After SO2 desorption, the main components are SO2 and CO2, which are directly passed into the alkaline tail gas absorption solution 12 for absorption.
[0040] The invention points of the present invention are: 1. The rotary layered adsorption and desorption structure filled with different adsorption materials can realize the graded removal and collection of carbon dioxide and sulfur oxides. At the same time, it can be expanded to three layers or more to realize the graded adsorption and desorption of different gas substances.
[0041] 2. Before the desorbed gas passes through the carbon dioxide adsorbent layer and before passing through the sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer, it first passes through the carbon dioxide reheater to complete the desorbed gas reheating, so as to facilitate the desorption of SO2.
[0042] 3. In combination with the carbon dioxide reheater, the step-by-step utilization of the tail flue gas heat was redesigned, and the high-temperature air preheated by the air preheater was used as the air-side heat source of the carbon dioxide reheater to heat the desorbed gas.
[0043] 4. The desorbed gas uses reheated high-purity CO2, and a part of the CO2 circulates in the desorption chamber and the carbon dioxide reheater, so that the desorbed CO2 gas is still high-purity CO2, which is conducive to CO2 collection and utilization.
[0044] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present invention. Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the attached claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention. Any figure mark in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.
[0045] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in accordance with the implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art. The above content is only to illustrate the technical idea of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any changes made on the basis of the technical solution according to the technical idea proposed by the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A rotary system for reducing deactivation of flue gas carbon adsorbent, characterized in that: It includes a boiler furnace, the boiler furnace flue gas outlet is connected to the superheater inlet, the superheater outlet is connected to the economizer inlet, the economizer outlet is connected to the denitrification device inlet, the denitrification device outlet is connected to the flue gas inlet of the air preheater, the flue gas outlet of the air preheater is connected to the adsorbent buffer bin or the desulfurization device, the air inlet is connected to the atmosphere and the carbon dioxide reheater, and the air outlet is simultaneously connected to the carbon dioxide reheater and the boiler furnace inlet; The inlet of the adsorption gas buffer bin is connected to the flue gas outlet of the desulfurization device or the air preheater. The gas channel outlet of the adsorption gas buffer bin directly guides the gas to the sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer of the rotary adsorption and desorption device. The mainstream direction of the airway is perpendicular to the surface of the cylindrical rotary adsorption and desorption device. After passing through the sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer, the flue gas is directly introduced into the carbon dioxide adsorbent layer from the flue, and is directly discharged into the atmosphere after passing through the carbon dioxide adsorbent layer. The air side inlet of the carbon dioxide reheater is connected to the air side outlet of the air preheater, and the air side outlet is connected to the air side inlet of the air preheater. The CO2 side inlet of the carbon dioxide reheater is simultaneously connected to the sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer and the carbon dioxide auxiliary gas source, and the CO2 side outlet is connected to the desorption gas buffer bin. The outlet gas of the desorption gas buffer bin is directly introduced into the sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer. After passing through the sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer, part of the outlet gas flows to the carbon dioxide collection device, and the rest enters the carbon dioxide reheater for reheating.
2. A rotary system for reducing deactivation of flue gas carbon adsorbent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air outlet of the air preheater is connected to the carbon dioxide reheater and the boiler furnace inlet at the same time, and the flow ratio is controlled by a diverter valve.
3. A rotary system for reducing flue gas carbon adsorbent deactivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adsorption gas buffer chamber can produce condensed water.
4. A rotary system for reducing deactivation of flue gas carbon adsorbent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer and the carbon dioxide adsorbent layer together constitute a rotary adsorption and desorption device. The two share the same rotation axis, and the whole is a double-layer cylindrical structure rotating around the central axis.
5. A rotary system for reducing deactivation of flue gas carbon adsorbent according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper and lower layers of the sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer and the carbon dioxide adsorbent layer can be filled with different adsorbents and can be extended to a multi-layer structure.
6. A rotary system for reducing deactivation of flue gas carbon adsorbent according to claim 5, characterized in that: The filler of the sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer is: (N,N-diethylaminopropyl)trimethoxysilane loaded solid amine.
7. A rotary system for reducing deactivation of flue gas carbon adsorbent according to claim 5, characterized in that: The filler of the carbon dioxide adsorbent layer is: 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane loaded solid amine.
8. A rotary system for reducing flue gas carbon adsorbent deactivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbon dioxide collected in the carbon dioxide collecting device can supply the carbon dioxide auxiliary gas source.
9. A rotary system for reducing flue gas carbon adsorbent deactivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbon dioxide reheater is a heat exchanger used for reheating the desorbed gas and recovering heat from part of the air at the outlet of the air preheater. The desorbed gas side, i.e. the CO2 side, contains two inlets, including the CO2 gas inlet from the carbon dioxide auxiliary gas source during cold start or special circumstances, and the high-purity CO2 that completes CO2 desorption through the carbon dioxide adsorbent layer.
10. A rotary method for reducing deactivation of flue gas carbon adsorbent, characterized in that: The method is based on a rotary system for reducing deactivation of flue gas carbon adsorbent according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising: After the fuel is burned, the flue gas is generated from the boiler furnace, passes through the superheater and economizer for heat recovery, then the nitrogen oxides are removed in the denitrification device and enter the air preheater flue gas bin; The fan introduces normal temperature air from the atmosphere, and heat exchange between air and flue gas occurs in the air preheater. After the flue gas is cooled, the heat is absorbed and the air is heated to above 300°C. Most of the air enters the furnace in the form of primary air and secondary air to complete the combustion process, and a small amount of high-temperature air is diverted to the carbon dioxide reheater. When the sulfur content in the fuel or flue gas is high, the flue gas from the air preheater is first passed through the desulfurization device for preliminary removal of sulfur oxides; when the sulfur content is low, the cooled flue gas directly enters the adsorption gas buffer bin; In the adsorption gas buffer bin, if the flue gas passes through the desulfurization device, condensed water may be generated. The flue gas flows out of the adsorption gas buffer bin as adsorption gas and enters the adsorption bin of the rotary adsorption and desorption device. The flue gas contains a small amount of sulfur oxides and first passes through the sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer; After passing through the sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer, the flue gas enters the carbon dioxide adsorbent layer, where a large amount of carbon dioxide is adsorbed, and the remaining components, mainly nitrogen, are directly discharged into the atmosphere; After desorption, the temperature of the desorbed gas will drop slightly. Most of the desorbed gas will be recovered using a carbon dioxide collection device and used as a backup gas for the carbon dioxide auxiliary gas source. A small amount of gas enters the carbon dioxide reheater for reheating and then enters the sulfur dioxide adsorbent layer. After SO2 desorption, the main components are SO2 and CO2, which are directly passed into the alkaline tail gas absorption solution for absorption.