Shell-and-tube heat exchanger for cyanopyridine production

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of heat exchange equipment, and provides a tubular heat exchanger for cyanopyridine production, which comprises a shell with an inner cavity; the upper partition plate and the lower partition plate are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the inner cavity respectively and divide the inner cavity into an upper cavity, a middle cavity and a lower cavity. The first partition plate is arranged in the upper cavity and abuts against the side wall of the upper cavity, and the upper cavity is divided into a feeding cavity and a discharging cavity. The second partition plate is arranged in the middle cavity and divides the middle cavity into a first heat exchange cavity and a second heat exchange cavity, and the first heat exchange cavity communicates with the second heat exchange cavity; the multiple heat exchange pipes are located in the heat exchange cavity, one ends of the multiple heat exchange pipes communicate with the lower cavity, and the other ends of the multiple heat exchange pipes communicate with the feeding cavity or the discharging cavity. By means of the technical scheme, the problem that in the prior art, the heat exchange efficiency between heat exchange media of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger is low is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of heat exchange equipment, and in particular to a shell-and-tube heat exchanger for producing cyanopyridine. Background Art

[0002] Cyanopyridine is a class of compounds formed when a hydrogen atom on the pyridine ring is replaced by a cyano group. Common ones include 2-cyanopyridine, 3-cyanopyridine and 4-cyanopyridine, and their boiling points are all around 200°C. As an important organic synthesis intermediate, cyanopyridine is widely used in the fields of pharmaceuticals, dye synthesis, and chemical industry. Its production process involves many exothermic reactions and evaporation and crystallization processes, so the heat exchanger plays an important role in the production process of cyanopyridine. Effective exchange and control of heat in the reaction process plays a key role in product quality control and production cost control. Among them, the shell and tube heat exchanger has a stable structure and is a commonly used heat exchange equipment in the production of cyanopyridine. However, the flow direction of the heat exchange medium in the shell of the common shell and tube heat exchanger is usually relatively single, and the heat exchange efficiency between the guiding media is low. It is often necessary to connect multiple heat exchangers in series to meet the needs of production. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a shell-and-tube heat exchanger for cyanopyridine production, which solves the problem of low heat exchange efficiency between heat exchange media in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger in the related art.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A shell and tube heat exchanger for cyanopyridine production, comprising: a housing having an inner cavity; An upper baffle and a lower baffle, wherein the upper baffle and the lower baffle are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the inner cavity, and divide the inner cavity into an upper cavity, a middle cavity and a lower cavity; A first partition plate, which is disposed in the upper chamber and abuts against a side wall of the upper chamber to divide the upper chamber into a feed chamber and a discharge chamber; a second partition plate, the second partition plate being disposed in the middle chamber, the second partition plate dividing the middle chamber into a first heat exchange chamber and a second heat exchange chamber, the first heat exchange chamber being in communication with the second heat exchange chamber; The heat exchange tube is located in the middle cavity. There are multiple heat exchange tubes, and one end of each of the multiple heat exchange tubes is connected to the lower cavity, and the other end is connected to the feed cavity or the discharge cavity.

[0005] Optionally, the housing comprises: a first body, wherein the upper cavity is located in the first body; a second body, wherein the second body is arranged at one end of the first body, the middle cavity is located in the second body, and the upper partition is arranged between the first body and the second body; The second body is arranged at the other end of the second body, the lower cavity is located in the third body, and the lower partition is arranged between the second body and the third body.

[0006] Optionally, the lower baffle is slidably connected to the shell, one end of each heat exchange tube is disposed on the lower baffle, and further comprises: An end tube is arranged at an end of the lower baffle away from the heat exchange tube, and the lower chamber is formed between the end tube and the lower baffle.

[0007] Optionally, the upper baffle is located in the first main body, one end of the heat exchange tube is arranged on the upper baffle, and further includes: a first connecting flange, wherein the first connecting flange is disposed on the first body; A second connecting flange is provided on the second main body, and the first main body and the second main body are connected through the first connecting flange and the second connecting flange.

[0008] Optionally, it also includes: A support ring, wherein the support ring has a mounting portion and a support portion, wherein the mounting portion is located between the first connecting flange and the second connecting flange, the support portion is located in the inner cavity, and the upper partition is arranged on the support portion.

[0009] Optionally, the lower surface of the upper partition has a mounting ring, and further comprises: A limiting ring is arranged on the supporting portion, a limiting space is formed between the limiting ring and the inner wall of the first main body, and the mounting ring abuts against the limiting space.

[0010] Optionally, it also includes: The sealing gaskets are provided in plurality, one end of the plurality of sealing gaskets is arranged on the inner wall of the limiting space, and the other end is a free end, the free end is oriented toward the first main body and inclined upward, and after the mounting ring enters the limiting space, the free end abuts against the mounting ring.

[0011] Optionally, the upper partition has a receiving groove at one end facing the upper cavity, and the first partition plate is slidingly and sealingly connected to the receiving groove at one end close to the upper partition.

[0012] Optionally, it also includes: A limit plate is arranged on the inner wall of the middle cavity, the side wall of the second partition plate is sealed against the upper partition plate and the limit plate, there is a gap between the second partition plate and the lower partition plate, and the first heat exchange cavity and the second heat exchange cavity are connected through the gap.

[0013] Optionally, the side wall of the second partition plate abuts against the upper partition plate, the inner wall of the middle cavity and the lower partition plate, further comprising: A connecting pipe, two ends of which are connected to the first heat exchange chamber and the second heat exchange chamber respectively.

[0014] The working principle and beneficial effects of the present invention are: In the present invention, in order to solve the problem of low heat exchange efficiency between heat exchange media in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger in the related art, the inner cavity is divided into an upper cavity, an intermediate cavity and a lower cavity by an upper partition and a lower partition. A second partition is further arranged in the intermediate cavity. Through the setting of the second partition, the intermediate cavity becomes a first heat exchange cavity and a second heat exchange cavity connected in series. A temperature gradient can be formed between the first heat exchange cavity and the second heat exchange cavity after being separated by the second partition. The flow directions of the cooling medium and the reaction material are opposite. The reaction material that has been cooled in the first heat exchange cavity will exchange heat with the cooling medium with a lower temperature in the second heat exchange cavity, so that the heat exchange efficiency in the whole process is higher and the temperature fluctuation is reduced. Through the unique layout of the chamber and the heat exchange tube, the effective heat exchange path planning between the material and the heat exchange medium is realized, making the heat exchange process more orderly and efficient, improving the product quality and the stability of the entire production line.

[0015] The working principle of the present invention is that when the high-temperature cyanopyridine reaction material enters the heat exchange tube in the first heat exchange chamber from the feed chamber, it will enter the lower chamber, and the reaction material in the lower chamber will further enter the heat exchange tube in the second heat exchange chamber and then enter the discharge chamber. The cooling medium exchanges heat with the reaction material in the second heat exchange chamber and the first heat exchange chamber in turn, and the heat is transferred from the reaction material in the heat exchange tube to the cooling medium, and the cooled material flows out of the discharge chamber. Under the condition of the same shell specifications, the path and time of heat exchange are extended. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The preferred implementation modes will be described below in a clear and understandable manner with reference to the accompanying drawings to further illustrate the above-mentioned characteristics, technical features, advantages and implementation methods of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the shell structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the inner cavity structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure inside the shell of the present invention; Figure 4It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 3 The enlarged structural diagram at B in the middle; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the coordination structure of the limiting plate and the second partition plate of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting pipe installation structure of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1, shell, 11, inner cavity, 21, upper partition, 22, lower partition, 111, upper cavity, 112, middle cavity, 113, lower cavity, 31, first partition, 1111, feed cavity, 1112, discharge cavity, 32, second partition, 1121, first heat exchange cavity, 1122, second heat exchange cavity, 4, heat exchange tube, 101, first main body, 102, second main body, 103, third main body, 5, end tube, 1011, first connecting flange, 1021, second connecting flange, 6, support ring, 61, mounting part, 62, support part, 7, mounting ring, 8, limiting ring, 81, limiting space, 9, sealing gasket, 91, free end, 211, accommodating groove, 1022, limiting plate, 1123, gap, 10, connecting tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the specific implementation methods of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings and other implementation methods can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0019] In order to simplify the drawings, only the parts related to the invention are schematically shown in each figure, and they do not represent the actual structure of the product. In addition, in order to simplify the drawings and facilitate understanding, in some figures, only one of the parts with the same structure or function is schematically shown, or only one of them is marked. In this article, "one" not only means "only one", but also means "more than one", and "several" includes "two" and "more than two".

[0020] In this document, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0021] In addition, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] Reference Figure 1~Figure 4 , which is the first embodiment of the present invention, provides a shell and tube heat exchanger for cyanopyridine production, including a shell 1, the shell 1 has an inner cavity 11; an upper partition 21 and a lower partition 22 are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the inner cavity 11, and the inner cavity 11 is divided into an upper cavity 111, an intermediate cavity 112 and a lower cavity 113; a first partition plate 31 is arranged in the upper cavity 111, abutting against the side wall of the upper cavity 111, and dividing the upper cavity 111 into a feed cavity 1111 and an outlet cavity 113. The material chamber 1112; the second partition plate 32 is arranged in the middle chamber 112, and the second partition plate 32 divides the middle chamber 112 into a first heat exchange chamber 1121 and a second heat exchange chamber 1122, and the first heat exchange chamber 1121 is connected to the second heat exchange chamber 1122; the heat exchange tube 4 is located in the middle chamber 112, and there are multiple heat exchange tubes 4, one end of each of the multiple heat exchange tubes 4 is connected to the lower chamber 113, and the other end is connected to the feed chamber 1111 or the discharge chamber 1112.

[0023] In this embodiment, in order to solve the problem of low heat exchange efficiency between heat exchange media in the shell and tube heat exchanger in the related art, the inner cavity 11 is divided into an upper cavity 111, an intermediate cavity 112 and a lower cavity 113 by an upper partition 21 and a lower partition 22. A second partition 32 is further arranged in the intermediate cavity 112. By setting the second partition 32, the intermediate cavity 112 becomes a first heat exchange cavity 1121 and a second heat exchange cavity 1122 connected in series. After the first heat exchange cavity 1121 and the second heat exchange cavity 1122 are separated by the second partition 32, a temperature gradient can be formed. The flow directions of the cooling medium and the reaction material are opposite. The reaction material cooled in the first heat exchange cavity 1121 will exchange heat with the cooling medium with a lower temperature in the second heat exchange cavity 1122, so that the heat exchange efficiency in the whole process is higher and the temperature fluctuation is reduced. Through the unique layout of the chamber and the heat exchange tube 4, the effective heat exchange path planning between the material and the heat exchange medium is realized, so that the heat exchange process is more orderly and efficient, and the product quality and the stability of the entire production line are improved.

[0024] Specifically, when the high-temperature cyanopyridine reaction material enters the heat exchange tube 4 in the first heat exchange chamber 1121 from the feed chamber 1111, it will enter the lower chamber 113, and the reaction material in the lower chamber 113 will further enter the heat exchange tube 4 in the second heat exchange chamber 1122 and then enter the discharge chamber 1112. The cooling medium exchanges heat with the reaction material in the second heat exchange chamber 1122 and the first heat exchange chamber 1121 in turn, and the heat is transferred from the reaction material in the heat exchange tube 4 to the cooling medium, and the cooled material flows out of the discharge chamber 1112. When the shell 1 has the same specifications, the path and time of heat exchange are extended.

[0025] Further, refer to Figure 2 The shell 1 includes a first body 101, an upper cavity 111 is located in the first body 101; the second body 102 is arranged at one end of the first body 101, the middle cavity 112 is located in the second body 102, and the upper partition 21 is arranged between the first body 101 and the second body 102; the second body 102 is arranged at the other end of the second body 102, the lower cavity 113 is located in the third body 103, and the lower partition 22 is arranged between the second body 102 and the third body 103.

[0026] In this embodiment, the shell 1 is composed of a first body 101, a second body 102 and a third body 103. The upper partition 21 is arranged at the junction of the first body 101 and the second body 102, and serves to separate the upper chamber 111 and the middle chamber 112. The lower partition 22 is placed between the second body 102 and the third body 103 to separate the middle chamber 112 and the lower chamber 113. When assembling the heat exchanger, the upper partition 21 and the lower partition 22 are first fixed to the two ends of the plurality of heat exchange tubes 4, and then the upper partition 21 is first fixed to the lower end opening of the first body 101, and then the second body 102 is connected thereto, and then the lower partition 22 is installed at the lower end opening of the second body 102, and finally the third body 103 is connected to ensure that the connection between the bodies is tight and well sealed, providing a stable spatial structure for the internal heat exchange process.

[0027] The shell 1 structure with multiple main bodies is adopted to facilitate the manufacture, assembly and maintenance of the heat exchanger. When the internal components fail or need maintenance, they can be operated relatively independently, which reduces the overall maintenance cost and difficulty, improves the maintainability of the equipment, reduces the production downtime caused by equipment maintenance, and is conducive to the continuity of cyanopyridine production.

[0028] Further, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The lower partition 22 is slidably connected to the shell 1, one end of the heat exchange tube 4 is arranged on the lower partition 22, and also includes an end tube 5, which is arranged at one end of the lower partition 22 away from the heat exchange tube 4, and a lower chamber 113 is formed between the end tube 5 and the lower partition 22.

[0029] In this embodiment, the lower baffle 22 and the shell 1 are connected by sliding, and one end of the heat exchange tube 4 is fixed on the lower baffle 22. An end tube 5 is provided at one end of the lower baffle 22 away from the heat exchange tube 4, and a lower cavity 113 is formed between the end tube 5 and the lower baffle 22. During the operation of the heat exchanger, when the heat exchange tube 4 expands and contracts due to temperature changes and other factors, the lower baffle 22 can produce a small displacement along the shell 1, thereby effectively alleviating the stress of the heat exchange tube 4 caused by thermal expansion and contraction. At the same time, the setting of the end tube 5 provides a stable spatial structure for the lower chamber 113. Since the lower chamber 113 is formed by the end tube 5 and the lower partition 22, even if different sizes of thermal stress deformation are generated between the shell 1 and the heat exchange tube 4 due to the temperature difference, and a slight displacement occurs between the lower partition 22 and the shell 1, the lower chamber 113 and the first heat exchange chamber 1121 and the second heat exchange chamber 1122 can still remain relatively independent and complete, avoiding the cooling medium contaminating the reaction materials after cracks are generated at the connection between the shell 1 and the lower partition 22 when the shell 1 and the lower partition 22 are connected by traditional means such as welding or riveting.

[0030] The sliding connection of the lower partition 22 can adapt to the thermal expansion and contraction of the heat exchange tube 4, significantly reduce the damage of thermal stress to the equipment, and extend the service life of the heat exchanger. It reduces the deformation and rupture of the heat exchange tube 4 and the leakage of the tube sheet connection caused by thermal stress, improves the reliability of equipment operation, and ensures the stability and safety of the cyanopyridine production process. This connection method makes the connection form of the shell 1 of the heat exchanger and the interior more flexible, which is convenient for later maintenance and cleaning.

[0031] Further, refer to Figure 3~Figure 5 The upper partition 21 is located in the first main body 101, one end of the heat exchange tube 4 is arranged on the upper partition 21, and also includes a first connecting flange 1011, the first connecting flange 1011 is arranged on the first main body 101; the second connecting flange 1021 is arranged on the second main body 102, and the first main body 101 and the second main body 102 are connected by the first connecting flange 1011 and the second connecting flange 1021.

[0032] In this embodiment, the first body 101 and the second body 102 are tightly connected by the first connecting flange 1011 and the second connecting flange 1021. During the assembly of the heat exchanger, after one end of the heat exchange tube 4 is installed at the corresponding position of the upper partition 21, the upper partition 21 is placed inside the first body 101, and then the second body 102 is docked with the first body 101 through the second connecting flange 1021. During the docking process, the sealing and firmness of the flange connection are ensured to prevent fluid leakage and loosening of components.

[0033] The use of the connecting flange facilitates the connection and disassembly between different bodies of the housing 1, making the assembly of the equipment more flexible and efficient, and also facilitates the inspection and maintenance of the internal components during the operation of the equipment. When it is necessary to inspect and repair the internal components of the middle cavity 112 or the upper cavity 111, the relevant body can be disassembled relatively conveniently, thereby improving the maintenance efficiency of the equipment.

[0034] Further, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5 , and also includes a support ring 6, the support ring 6 has a mounting portion 61 and a support portion 62, the mounting portion 61 is located between the first connecting flange 1011 and the second connecting flange 1021, the support portion 62 is located in the inner cavity 11, and the upper partition 21 is arranged on the support portion 62.

[0035] In this embodiment, the upper baffle 21 is installed by the support ring 6, and the mounting portion 61 is located between the first connecting flange 1011 and the second connecting flange 1021. When the first body 101 and the second body 102 are connected, the mounting portion 61 is clamped and fixed. The support portion 62 is located in the inner cavity 11, and the upper baffle 21 is placed on the support portion 62. When assembling the heat exchanger, the upper baffle 21 is first placed in the first body 101, and then the support ring 6 is installed. The mounting portion 61 of the support ring 6 is installed between the second connecting flange 1021 and the first connecting flange 1011, so that the mounting portion 61 of the support ring 6 is firmly fixed, thereby providing stable and reliable support for the upper baffle 21, and ensuring the connection stability of the heat exchange tube 4 at the upper baffle 21.

[0036] The design of the support ring 6 enhances the stability of the upper partition 21, thereby improving the reliability of the connection between the heat exchange tube 4 and the upper partition 21. During the operation of the heat exchanger, it can withstand the effects of fluid impact and thermal stress, reduce the loosening or damage of the heat exchange tube 4 caused by the shaking or deformation of the upper partition 21, ensure the normal operation of the heat exchange process, and improve the stability and durability of the heat exchange equipment during the production of cyanopyridine. It is also convenient to disassemble the heat exchanger when repairing and cleaning the heat exchanger. When some parts of the heat exchanger are damaged, they can be replaced separately to reduce the maintenance cost of the equipment.

[0037] Further, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5 The lower surface of the upper partition 21 has a mounting ring 7 and a limiting ring 8. The limiting ring 8 is arranged on the support portion 62. A limiting space 81 is formed between the limiting ring 8 and the inner wall of the first body 101. The mounting ring 7 abuts against the limiting space 81.

[0038] In this embodiment, a mounting ring 7 is provided on the lower surface of the upper partition 21, and a limiting ring 8 is installed on the support portion 62. When the heat exchanger is assembled, after the upper partition 21 and the support ring 6 are assembled, the mounting ring 7 enters the limiting space 81 to ensure that the mounting ring 7 is in full contact with the inner wall of the limiting space 81, thereby limiting the horizontal displacement of the upper partition 21, further improving the stability of the upper partition 21 and the accuracy of the connection of the heat exchange tube 4. The accuracy and stability of the connection between the heat exchange tube 4 and each chamber are guaranteed, which is conducive to maintaining a stable heat exchange process and improving the heat exchange efficiency in the production process of cyanopyridine.

[0039] Further, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5 , and also includes a sealing gasket 9, which has multiple sealing gaskets. One end of the multiple sealing gaskets 9 is set on the inner wall of the limiting space 81, and the other end is a free end 91. The free end 91 faces the first body 101 and is inclined upward. After the mounting ring 7 enters the limiting space 81, the free end 91 abuts against the mounting ring 7.

[0040] In this embodiment, a plurality of sealing pads 9 are installed on the inner wall of the confined space 81, and the other end serves as a free end 91 and is tilted upward before the mounting ring 7 enters the confined space 81. When the mounting ring 7 enters the confined space 81, the free end 91 is tightly abutted against the mounting ring 7, and under the action of the mounting ring 7, it faces the bottom of the confined space 81, achieving a good sealing effect and preventing the fluid from leaking in the confined space 81. Thereby, each chamber remains independent of each other and the reaction materials are prevented from being contaminated. The sealing and stability of the fluid flow inside the heat exchanger are guaranteed. In the production process of cyanopyridine, production accidents, environmental pollution and product quality degradation caused by leakage of materials or heat exchange media can be prevented, thereby improving the safety of the production process and product quality.

[0041] Further, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 6 The upper partition plate 21 has a receiving groove 211 at one end facing the upper cavity 111 , and the first partition plate 31 is slidingly and sealingly connected to the receiving groove 211 at one end close to the upper partition plate 21 .

[0042] In this embodiment, a receiving groove 211 is processed at one end of the upper partition 21 facing the upper chamber 111, and the first partition plate 31 is connected to the receiving groove 211 at one end close to the upper partition 21 by a sliding seal. During the assembly of the heat exchanger, one end of the first partition plate 31 is inserted into the receiving groove 211 of the upper partition 21, and it is ensured that the sliding seal between the two is good, so that the feed chamber 1111 and the discharge chamber 1112 can be effectively separated. The design of the receiving groove 211 not only ensures the independence of each chamber, but also allows the upper partition 21 to produce a slight displacement through the cooperation of the limiting space 81 and the mounting ring 7 when different thermal stresses are generated between the heat exchange tube 4 and the shell 1 due to temperature differences, thereby improving the service life of the equipment and preventing the heat exchanger from being damaged due to thermal stress.

[0043] Further, refer to Figure 7 , and also includes a limit plate 1022, which is arranged on the inner wall of the middle cavity 112, and the side wall of the second partition plate 32 is sealed and abutted against the upper partition plate 21 and the limit plate 1022, and there is a gap 1123 between the second partition plate 32 and the lower partition plate 22, and the first heat exchange cavity 1121 and the second heat exchange cavity 1122 are connected through the gap 1123.

[0044] In this embodiment, a limit plate 1022 is installed on the inner wall of the middle cavity 112. After the heat exchanger is assembled, the limit plates 1022 are respectively located on both sides of the second partition plate 32, so that the side walls of the second partition plate 32 are sealed against the upper partition plate 21 and the limit plate 1022, and a certain gap 1123 is reserved between the second partition plate 32 and the lower partition plate 22, so that the first heat exchange cavity 1121 and the second heat exchange cavity 1122 are connected to each other through the gap 1123. For example, when assembling the intermediate cavity 112 component of the heat exchanger, first fix the limit plate 1022 on the inner wall of the intermediate cavity 112, then install the second partition plate 32 so that it is tightly sealed and abutted with the upper partition 21 and the limit plate 1022, and finally install the lower partition 22 and the heat exchange tube 4 together to ensure that the gap 1123 between the lower partition 22 meets the design requirements, so that the cooling medium or other heat exchange fluid can flow smoothly between the first heat exchange cavity 1121 and the second heat exchange cavity 1122 to achieve efficient heat exchange.

[0045] The arrangement of the limiting plate 1022 and the second partition plate 32 ensures stable communication and sealed separation between the first heat exchange cavity 1121 and the second heat exchange cavity 1122, so that the heat exchange medium can flow along a predetermined path in the intermediate cavity 112, thereby improving the uniformity and efficiency of heat exchange and reducing energy consumption.

[0046] Further, refer to Figure 8 The side wall of the second partition plate 32 abuts against the upper partition plate 21, the inner wall of the middle cavity 112 and the lower partition plate 22, and also includes a connecting pipe 10, the two ends of which are connected to the first heat exchange cavity 1121 and the second heat exchange cavity 1122 respectively.

[0047] In this embodiment, in this embodiment, when the side wall of the second partition plate 32 is completely in contact with the upper partition plate 21, the inner wall of the middle cavity 112 and the lower partition plate 22, a connecting pipe 10 is used to connect the first heat exchange cavity 1121 and the second heat exchange cavity 1122. The heat exchange medium can circulate between the two heat exchange cavities to achieve heat exchange. At this time, the first heat exchange cavity 1121 and the second heat exchange cavity 1122 have their own independent feed port and discharge port, and the discharge port of the second heat exchange cavity 1122 and the feed port of the first heat exchange cavity 1121 are connected by the connecting pipe 10. The setting of the connecting pipe 10 provides a reliable channel for the fluid communication between the first heat exchange cavity 1121 and the second heat exchange cavity 1122, and the flow path of the cooling medium in the first heat exchange cavity 1121 and the second heat exchange cavity 1122 is clearer, ensuring the smooth progress of the heat exchange process.

[0048] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shell and tube heat exchanger for cyanopyridine production, characterized in that: include: A housing (1), wherein the housing (1) has an inner cavity (11); an upper partition (21) and a lower partition (22), wherein the upper partition (21) and the lower partition (22) are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the inner cavity (11), and divide the inner cavity (11) into an upper cavity (111), a middle cavity (112), and a lower cavity (113); a first partition plate (31), the first partition plate (31) being arranged in the upper chamber (111) and abutting against a side wall of the upper chamber (111) to divide the upper chamber (111) into a feed chamber (1111) and a discharge chamber (1112); a second partition plate (32), the second partition plate (32) being arranged in the middle chamber (112), the second partition plate (32) dividing the middle chamber (112) into a first heat exchange chamber (1121) and a second heat exchange chamber (1122), the first heat exchange chamber (1121) being in communication with the second heat exchange chamber (1122); A heat exchange tube (4), the heat exchange tube (4) being located in the middle cavity (112), the heat exchange tube (4) being multiple, one end of each of the multiple heat exchange tubes (4) being connected to the lower cavity (113), and the other end of each of the multiple heat exchange tubes (4) being connected to the feed cavity (1111) or the discharge cavity (1112).

2. A shell and tube heat exchanger for cyanopyridine production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (1) comprises: A first body (101), wherein the upper cavity (111) is located inside the first body (101); a second body (102), the second body (102) being arranged at one end of the first body (101), the middle cavity (112) being located in the second body (102), and the upper partition plate (21) being arranged between the first body (101) and the second body (102); A third body (103), the second body (102) is arranged at the other end of the second body (102), the lower cavity (113) is located in the third body (103), and the lower partition (22) is arranged between the second body (102) and the third body (103).

3. A shell and tube heat exchanger for cyanopyridine production according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower baffle (22) is slidably connected to the shell (1), one end of each of the heat exchange tubes (4) is arranged on the lower baffle (22), and further comprises: An end tube (5), the end tube (5) being arranged at an end of the lower baffle (22) away from the heat exchange tube (4), and the lower chamber (113) being formed between the end tube (5) and the lower baffle (22).

4. A shell and tube heat exchanger for cyanopyridine production according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper baffle (21) is located inside the first main body (101), one end of the heat exchange tube (4) is arranged on the upper baffle (21), and further comprises: A first connecting flange (1011), wherein the first connecting flange (1011) is arranged on the first main body (101); A second connecting flange (1021), wherein the second connecting flange (1021) is arranged on the second main body (102), and the first main body (101) and the second main body (102) are connected via the first connecting flange (1011) and the second connecting flange (1021).

5. A shell and tube heat exchanger for cyanopyridine production according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes: A support ring (6), the support ring (6) comprising a mounting portion (61) and a support portion (62), the mounting portion (61) being located between the first connecting flange (1011) and the second connecting flange (1021), the support portion (62) being located in the inner cavity (11), and the upper partition plate (21) being arranged on the support portion (62).

6. A shell and tube heat exchanger for cyanopyridine production according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lower surface of the upper partition plate (21) has a mounting ring (7), and further comprises: A limiting ring (8), the limiting ring (8) being arranged on the supporting portion (62), a limiting space (81) being formed between the limiting ring (8) and the inner wall of the first main body (101), and the mounting ring (7) being in contact with the limiting space (81).

7. A shell and tube heat exchanger for cyanopyridine production according to claim 6, characterized in that: Also includes: A sealing gasket (9), wherein the sealing gasket (9) comprises a plurality of sealing gaskets (9), one end of each of the plurality of sealing gaskets (9) being arranged on the inner wall of the limiting space (81), and the other end being a free end (91), wherein the free end (91) faces the first main body (101) and is inclined upward, and after the mounting ring (7) enters the limiting space (81), the free end (91) abuts against the mounting ring (7).

8. A shell and tube heat exchanger for cyanopyridine production according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that: The upper partition plate (21) has a receiving groove (211) at one end facing the upper cavity (111), and the first partition plate (31) is slidably and sealingly connected to the receiving groove (211) at one end close to the upper partition plate (21).

9. A shell and tube heat exchanger for cyanopyridine production according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A limit plate (1022), the limit plate (1022) being arranged on the inner wall of the middle cavity (112), the side wall of the second partition plate (32) being in sealing contact with the upper partition plate (21) and the limit plate (1022), a gap (1123) being provided between the second partition plate (32) and the lower partition plate (22), and the first heat exchange cavity (1121) and the second heat exchange cavity (1122) being connected via the gap (1123).

10. A shell and tube heat exchanger for cyanopyridine production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the second partition plate (32) is in contact with the upper partition plate (21), the inner wall of the middle cavity (112) and the lower partition plate (22), and further comprises: A connecting pipe (10), wherein two ends of the connecting pipe (10) are respectively connected to the first heat exchange chamber (1121) and the second heat exchange chamber (1122).

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