Traffic thermal environment three-dimensional image rapid prediction and image display device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a traffic thermal environment three-dimensional image rapid prediction and image display device and method. The traffic thermal environment three-dimensional image rapid prediction and image display device comprises a 360-degree rotating camera, a temperature sensor, a wind speed sensor, an image acquisition module, a data processing module and a display. The 360-degree rotary camera is responsible for shooting real-time vehicle condition pictures on a road; the image acquisition module is responsible for carrying out vehicle counting on real-time vehicle condition pictures; the temperature sensor is responsible for collecting real-time air temperature around the road; the wind speed sensor is responsible for collecting real-time wind speed around the road; the data processing module is responsible for processing the acquired data, generating a real-time high-resolution traffic thermal environment dynamic image of the road and judging the average temperature; and the display is responsible for displaying real-time high-resolution traffic thermal environment dynamic images or simultaneously prompting'high-temperature early warning '. The method solves the problem that the traditional technology is limited by the number of monitoring equipment and the use cost, and can be suitable for predicting and displaying any road traffic thermal environment three-dimensional image.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of traffic thermal environment prediction and image display, and specifically relates to a traffic thermal environment three-dimensional image rapid prediction, image display device and method. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of urbanization, the urban heat island effect and extreme weather such as high temperature and heat waves are becoming increasingly severe. Long-term heat exposure can easily cause symptoms such as energy imbalance and fever, which may even threaten life, health and cognitive ability. The deterioration of the traffic thermal environment is the main factor aggravating the urban heat island effect, of which vehicle heat emissions account for about one-third of the total urban heat emissions. Therefore, it is an important task to quickly obtain the evolution law of the traffic thermal environment and then improve the problem of thermal environment deterioration to alleviate the urban heat island effect and reduce the risk of high temperature exposure.

[0003] The conventional method of obtaining traffic thermal environment is to monitor and perceive meteorological data such as temperature and wind speed to determine the current status of urban traffic thermal environment, and then provide decision-making basis for traffic management departments. However, in order to obtain high-resolution traffic thermal environment distribution patterns, it is necessary to rely on a large number of monitoring equipment, which often leads to high monitoring costs and poor feasibility.

[0004] With the development of computer technology, computational fluid dynamics methods are widely used to quickly obtain traffic thermal environment. However, vehicle traffic has significant "dynamic" characteristics, which greatly increases the calculation cycle and iteration costs, making this method less practical. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a low-cost and high-resolution rapid prediction model for traffic thermal environment and its graphic display device to dynamically capture its spatiotemporal evolution laws and efficiently solve thermal environment problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a device and method for rapid prediction and display of three-dimensional images of traffic thermal environment, so as to realize rapid prediction and three-dimensional high-resolution image display of dynamic traffic thermal environment.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A traffic thermal environment three-dimensional image rapid prediction and image display device, comprising at least a 360° rotating camera, a temperature sensor, a wind speed sensor, an image acquisition module, a data processing module and a display; The 360° rotating camera is responsible for capturing real-time vehicle condition images on the research road; The image acquisition module is responsible for counting the number of real-time vehicles appearing in the real-time vehicle situation screen; The temperature sensor is responsible for collecting the real-time air temperature around the research road; The wind speed sensor is responsible for collecting the real-time wind speed around the research road; The data processing module is responsible for generating a real-time high-resolution traffic thermal environment dynamic image of the research road by using the acquired real-time vehicle quantity, real-time air temperature and real-time wind speed through a corresponding processing method, and generating a "high temperature warning" signal when the average temperature of the research road is too high; The display is responsible for displaying the generated real-time high-resolution dynamic image of the traffic thermal environment, or simultaneously displaying the generated "high temperature warning" signal.

[0007] Furthermore, the data processing module at least includes a memory, a computing unit and a controller; wherein, The memory is responsible for storing data information including the real-time number of vehicles, real-time air temperature and real-time wind speed, as well as data information processed by the operator and the controller; The operator is responsible for processing and analyzing the input data including the real-time number of vehicles, the real-time air temperature and the real-time wind speed, generating a real-time three-dimensional image of the traffic thermal environment of the research road, and generating a "high temperature warning" signal when the average temperature of the research road is too high; The controller is responsible for realizing image space difference of the imported real-time traffic thermal environment three-dimensional image, and generating a real-time high-resolution traffic thermal environment dynamic image of the research road.

[0008] Furthermore, the display is erected on the ground through a supporting assembly, the 360° rotating camera, the temperature sensor, and the wind speed sensor are respectively arranged on the top of the display, and the 360° rotating camera is located in the center of the top of the display, the temperature sensor and the wind speed sensor are both located on the same side of the 360° rotating camera or are arranged on the left and right sides of the 360° rotating camera, and the image acquisition module and the data processing module are both arranged inside the display.

[0009] Furthermore, the support assembly consists of a fixed bracket and a telescopic rod, the fixed bracket is placed on the ground, the bottom end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the top end of the fixed bracket, and the top end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the base of the display.

[0010] Furthermore, the display is provided with a switch and a power interface, respectively. The switch is embedded on the left side of the front of the display, and the power interface is embedded on the right side of the front of the display.

[0011] A method for rapid prediction and display of a three-dimensional image of a traffic thermal environment comprises the following steps: S100, obtaining the real-time number of vehicles on the research road, and the real-time air temperature and real-time wind speed around the research road; the obtaining methods are: Using a 360° rotating camera, taking real-time vehicle situation pictures of the research road at intervals of a certain unit time, and using an image acquisition module to count the vehicles appearing in each of the real-time vehicle situation pictures, thereby obtaining the real-time number of vehicles on the research road; Using the temperature sensor, the air temperature around the study road is collected in real time at the same unit time interval, so as to obtain the real-time air temperature around the study road; Using wind speed sensors, the wind speed around the research road is collected in real time at the same unit time interval, so as to obtain the real-time wind speed around the research road; S200, inputting all the acquired real-time vehicle numbers, real-time air temperature and real-time wind speed into a data processing module, and processing and analyzing them using a dynamic traffic heat source rapid prediction method, thereby generating a real-time high-resolution traffic thermal environment dynamic image, and generating a "high temperature warning" signal when the average temperature is too high; S300, outputting the generated real-time high-resolution dynamic image of the traffic thermal environment of the research road, or simultaneously outputting the generated "high temperature warning" signal to a display, which visually presents the real-time high-resolution dynamic image of the traffic thermal environment of the research road, and displays the words "high temperature warning" when receiving the "high temperature warning" signal.

[0012] Furthermore, the dynamic traffic heat source rapid prediction method includes three major contents: basic database construction, data processing and analysis, and temperature warning; among which, The construction of the basic database includes: defining database scenarios, building basic three-dimensional geometric models, dividing basic grids, setting boundary conditions and building a three-dimensional image database of traffic thermal environment; The data processing and analysis includes: pre-processing input data sets, locking intervals, and predicting dynamic images of traffic thermal environment; The temperature warning includes the following contents: setting temperature threshold, data comparison and warning prompt.

[0013] Furthermore, the specific steps of constructing the basic database are: 1) Define the database scenario: Combined with the three-dimensional map and actual investigation, the characteristics of the n research roads to be monitored and their surrounding influencing factors including building layout, building density, building height, vegetation type, vegetation height, and vegetation density are obtained; Define the temperature threshold range of summer traffic roads and divide it equally into m temperature threshold intervals; Define the wind speed threshold range for summer traffic roads and divide it equally into m wind speed threshold intervals; Define the vehicle quantity threshold range for monitoring traffic roads, and divide it equally into m vehicle quantity threshold intervals; According to the above pre-definition, it is assumed that the database scenario has a total of X=n×m 3 scenes; Where n and m are both natural numbers; 2) Constructing basic 3D geometric model: Firstly, based on the three-dimensional map, the center of the research road is taken as the center of the circle and the length of the research road is several times as long as the diameter, and the range of the geometric model is drawn as the target range; Then, according to the characteristics of surrounding influencing factors including building layout, building density, building height, vegetation type, vegetation height, and vegetation density within the target range, the geometry of the target area is constructed using 3D geometric partitioning software; Then, a cube of a certain height is drawn as the calculation domain by extending a certain distance in the four directions of due east, due south, due west and due north from the target area; Finally, based on the target area and the basic three-dimensional geometric model of the computational domain, n basic three-dimensional geometric models are constructed for the n research roads mentioned above; 3) Divide the basic grid: For the n basic three-dimensional geometric models constructed, a finite volume meshing algorithm is used and meshing software is used to perform unstructured meshing on the basic three-dimensional geometric models to form n basic meshes; 4) Set boundary conditions: For the n basic grids that have been divided, the boundary conditions are set using computational fluid simulation software. The initial condition of the inlet temperature of the computational domain is set to a constant temperature, the wind speed is set to a gradient wind, and the boundaries of the building and vegetation are set to constant temperature boundaries respectively. Add momentum source terms and energy source terms to the road boundary. The momentum source term is related to the real-time wind speed of the simulation case, and the energy source term is related to the real-time number of vehicles and real-time air temperature of the simulation case. The calculation formula is as follows: ; Where F is the momentum source; q v is the energy source; C is the vehicle drag coefficient; ρ is the air density; v b is the vehicle speed; A is the vehicle cross-sectional area; h c is the convective heat transfer coefficient; S is the heat transfer surface area; N c is the number of vehicles; ∆T is the temperature difference between the vehicle and the surrounding air; V is the volume of the vehicle, assuming that there are continuous moving vehicles on the road; 5) Construction of traffic thermal environment 3D image database: According to the set boundary conditions, the computational fluid simulation software is used for calculation, and different vertical planes are intercepted by post-processing software to obtain n×m3 The three-dimensional image of the traffic thermal environment in the simulated scene is n×m 3 The three-dimensional images of the traffic thermal environment of each scene are stored in a memory to obtain a three-dimensional image database of the traffic thermal environment.

[0014] Furthermore, the specific steps of the data processing and analysis are: 1) Preprocess input data: Inputting all acquired real-time vehicle numbers, real-time air temperatures and real-time wind speeds into a memory in the data processing module; 2) Interval locking: First, the controller in the data processing module is used to call the real-time number of vehicles, real-time air temperature and real-time wind speed in the memory and transmit them to the computing unit; Then, based on the binary search algorithm, the vehicle quantity threshold interval where the real-time vehicle quantity is located is locked, and the position in the vehicle quantity threshold interval is calculated; Lock the temperature threshold interval where the real-time air temperature is located, and calculate the position in the temperature threshold interval; Lock the wind speed threshold interval where the real-time wind speed is located, and calculate the position in the wind speed threshold interval; Then, the three-dimensional image of the traffic thermal environment under the locked vehicle quantity threshold interval, temperature threshold interval and wind speed threshold interval is loaded from the memory into the operator; Finally, the controller returns the real-time vehicle quantity, real-time air temperature and real-time wind speed position representation values ​​to the memory.

[0015] 3) Predict real-time high-resolution dynamic images of traffic thermal environment: After the numerical values ​​representing the real-time number of vehicles, real-time air temperature and real-time wind speed are input into the operator, the thermal environment images are spatially interpolated using the nearest neighbor method in combination with the three-dimensional images of the traffic thermal environment in each scenario, and the real-time number of vehicles, real-time air temperature and real-time wind speed scenarios are quickly predicted to obtain real-time, high-resolution dynamic images of the traffic thermal environment, which are then transmitted to the display for display.

[0016] Furthermore, the specific steps of the temperature warning are: 1) Set the temperature threshold: Preset the summer high temperature threshold and store it in the memory; 2) Comparison data: The controller is used to call the predicted real-time high-resolution traffic thermal environment dynamic image into the calculation unit, the average temperature of the traffic road under the real-time high-resolution traffic thermal environment dynamic image is calculated, and the value of the average temperature of the traffic road is continuously compared with the high temperature threshold value; 3) Early warning tips: When the average temperature of the traffic road is greater than the high temperature threshold, the controller will transmit the command "high temperature warning" to the display, and the display will display the words "high temperature warning".

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention only needs to monitor the number of vehicles, air temperature and wind speed on the study road in real time, and can quickly and accurately predict the high-resolution traffic thermal environment dynamic image of the study road through the thermal environment rapid prediction method provided by the present invention, and dynamically display it on the display, which effectively solves the problem that traditional technology is limited by the number of monitoring equipment and the cost of use, and can be applied to the prediction and display of high-resolution traffic thermal environment dynamic images of any road, and has universal applicability.

[0018] Moreover, the rapid thermal environment prediction method considering dynamic traffic characteristics proposed in the present invention solves the problems of long calculation time and high storage cost of traditional traffic thermal environment prediction methods without the need for geometric modeling of moving vehicles (for example, computational fluid dynamics methods often use dynamic mesh algorithms to achieve dynamic traffic thermal environment prediction, which requires geometric modeling of moving vehicles and grid division, greatly increasing the calculation cost).

[0019] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the invention and implement it according to the contents of the specification, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The specific implementation of the present invention is given in detail by the following embodiments and their accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the device for rapid prediction and display of three-dimensional images of traffic thermal environment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is the internal electrical connection block diagram of the traffic thermal environment three-dimensional image rapid prediction and display device of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the steps of the method for rapid prediction and display of three-dimensional images of traffic thermal environment.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the location of the road studied in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 The embodiment constructed for the present invention studies the geometric model of the road and its surrounding elements.

[0025] Figure 6 The embodiment predicted by the present invention studies the dynamic image of the traffic thermal environment of the road.

[0026] Explanation of the numbers in the figure: 1. 360° rotating camera; 2. Temperature sensor; 3. Wind speed sensor; 4. Image acquisition module; 5. Data processing module; 6. Display; 7. Switch; 8. Power interface; 9. Fixed bracket; 10. Telescopic rod; 501. Memory; 502. Arithmetic unit; 503. Controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that the purpose, features and advantages of the invention can be more clearly understood. It should be understood that the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but are only intended to illustrate the essential spirit of the technical solution of the present invention.

[0028] In the following description, certain specific details are set forth for the purpose of illustrating various disclosed embodiments to provide a thorough understanding of the various disclosed embodiments. However, those skilled in the relevant art will recognize that the embodiments may be practiced without one or more of these specific details. In other cases, well-known devices, structures, and techniques associated with the present application may not be shown or described in detail to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the description of the embodiments.

[0029] Unless the context requires otherwise, throughout the specification and claims, the word "comprise" and variations such as "include" and "have" should be construed in an open, inclusive sense, ie, should be interpreted as "including, but not limited to."

[0030] References throughout the specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" indicate that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. Thus, the appearances of "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" in various places throughout the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any manner in one or more embodiments.

[0031] As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. It should be noted that the term "or" is generally employed in its sense including "and / or" unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

[0032] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0033] See also Figure 1-2As shown, a device for rapid prediction and display of three-dimensional images of traffic thermal environment mainly includes a 360° rotating camera 1, a temperature sensor 2, a wind speed sensor 3, an image acquisition module 4, a data processing module 5, a display 6, a switch 7, a power interface 8 and a supporting component.

[0034] The display 6 is erected on the ground through a supporting assembly, and the supporting assembly consists of a fixed bracket 9 and a telescopic rod 10. The fixed bracket 9 is placed on the ground, the bottom end of the telescopic rod 10 is fixedly connected to the top end of the fixed bracket 9, and the top end of the telescopic rod 10 is fixedly connected to the base of the display 6.

[0035] The 360° rotating camera 1, the temperature sensor 2, and the wind speed sensor 3 are respectively arranged on the top of the display 6, and the 360° rotating camera 1 is located in the center of the top of the display 6, and the temperature sensor 2 and the wind speed sensor 3 are both located on the same side of the 360° rotating camera 1 or are arranged on the left and right sides of the 360° rotating camera 1.

[0036] The switch 7 and the power interface 8 are both embedded in the front of the display 6 , and the switch 7 is located on the left side of the front of the display 6 , and the power interface 8 is located on the right side of the front of the display 6 .

[0037] The image acquisition module 4 and the data processing module 5 are both arranged inside the display 6 , and the data processing module 5 at least includes a memory 501 , a computing unit 502 and a controller 503 .

[0038] The 360° rotating camera 1 is connected to the memory 501 through the image acquisition module 4, the temperature sensor 2 and the wind speed sensor 3 are directly connected to the memory 501, the memory 501 is connected to the operator 502, the operator 502 is connected to the controller 503, and the controller 503 is connected to the display 6.

[0039] The 360° rotating camera 1 is responsible for capturing real-time vehicle condition images of the research road.

[0040] The temperature sensor 2 is responsible for collecting the real-time air temperature around the research road.

[0041] The wind speed sensor 3 is responsible for collecting the real-time wind speed around the research road.

[0042] The image acquisition module 4 is responsible for counting the number of real-time vehicles appearing in the real-time vehicle situation picture.

[0043] The data processing module 5 is responsible for using the acquired real-time vehicle quantity, real-time air temperature and real-time wind speed to generate a real-time high-resolution dynamic image of the traffic thermal environment of the research road through a corresponding processing method, and generates a "high temperature warning" signal when the average temperature of the research road is too high. Specifically, The memory 501 is responsible for storing data information including the real-time number of vehicles, real-time air temperature and real-time wind speed, as well as data information processed by the operator 502 and the controller 503; The operator 502 is responsible for processing and analyzing the input data including the real-time number of vehicles, the real-time air temperature and the real-time wind speed, generating a real-time three-dimensional image of the traffic thermal environment of the research road, and generating a "high temperature warning" signal when the average temperature of the research road is too high; The controller 503 is responsible for implementing image space difference on the imported real-time traffic thermal environment three-dimensional image, and generating a real-time high-resolution traffic thermal environment dynamic image of the research road.

[0044] The display 6 is responsible for displaying the generated real-time high-resolution dynamic image of the traffic thermal environment, or simultaneously displaying the generated "high temperature warning" signal.

[0045] The switch 7 is responsible for turning the power on and off of the whole machine of the present invention.

[0046] The power interface 8 is responsible for connecting the present invention to an external power source to supply power to the entire device of the present invention.

[0047] See also Figure 3 As shown, the working principle and implementation method of the above-mentioned traffic thermal environment three-dimensional image rapid prediction and image display device include the following steps: S100, obtaining the real-time number of vehicles on the research road, and the real-time air temperature and real-time wind speed around the research road; the obtaining methods are: S101, using the 360° rotating camera 1, at a certain unit time interval, such as 1 second interval, to shoot the real-time vehicle situation picture of the research road, and using the image acquisition module 4 to count the vehicles appearing in each of the real-time vehicle situation pictures, so as to obtain the real-time vehicle number N of the research road t ; S102, using the temperature sensor, collecting the air temperature around the study road in real time at the same unit time interval, such as 1 second interval, so as to obtain the real-time air temperature T around the study road. t ; S103, using a wind speed sensor, at the same unit time interval, such as 1 second interval, to collect the wind speed around the study road in real time, so as to obtain the real-time wind speed V around the study road. t .

[0048] It should be noted that the unit time interval for collecting the real-time vehicle situation picture, the unit time interval for collecting the real-time air temperature, and the unit time interval for collecting the real-time wind speed must be consistent, so that the real-time (per second) number of vehicles N can be obtained. t , the real-time (per second) air temperature T t , the real-time (per second) wind speed V t The timing corresponds to .

[0049] S200, input all the acquired real-time vehicle numbers, real-time air temperature and real-time wind speed into the data processing module 5, and use the dynamic traffic heat source rapid prediction method to process and analyze them, so as to generate a real-time high-resolution traffic thermal environment dynamic image, and generate a "high temperature warning" signal when the average temperature is too high.

[0050] The dynamic traffic heat source rapid prediction method includes three major contents: basic database construction, data processing and analysis, and temperature warning; among them, S201. The specific methods and contents of basic database construction are as follows: 1) Define the database scenario; Combined with the three-dimensional map and actual investigation, the n research roads R that need to be monitored i (i=1, 2, …, n) and the characteristics of surrounding influencing factors including building layout, building density, building height, vegetation type, vegetation height and vegetation density are obtained.

[0051] The temperature threshold range of summer traffic roads is defined as [T min , T max ] and divide it equally into m temperature threshold intervals. The range of the jth temperature threshold interval is [T min +(T max -T min ) / m×(j-1), T min +(T max -T min ) / m×j], (j=1, 2, …, m).

[0052] The wind speed threshold range for summer traffic roads is defined as [V min , V max ] and divide it equally into m wind speed threshold intervals. The kth wind speed threshold interval range is [V min +(V max -V min ) / m×(k-1), V min +(V max -V min) / m×k], (k=1, 2, …, m).

[0053] The threshold range of the number of vehicles on the monitored traffic road is defined as [N min , N max ] and divide it equally into m vehicle quantity threshold intervals. The range of the lth vehicle quantity threshold interval is [N min +(N max -N min ) / m×(l-1), N min +(N max -N min ) / m×l], (l=1, 2, …, m).

[0054] According to the above pre-definition, it is assumed that the database scenario has a total of X=n×m 3 (n roads, m temperatures, m wind speeds, and m numbers of traffic vehicles) scenarios; where n and m are both natural numbers.

[0055] 2) Constructing basic 3D geometric model: First, based on the three-dimensional map, the road R i The center of the road is taken as the center of the circle, and the road length three times of the research road is taken as the diameter, and the range of the geometric model is drawn as the target range.

[0056] Then, according to the characteristics of the surrounding influencing factors including building layout, building density, building height, vegetation type, vegetation height, and vegetation density within the target range, the geometry of the target area is constructed using three-dimensional geometric division software (such as CAD, Sketchup, etc.).

[0057] Then, extend 500m in each of the four directions of due east, due south, due west and due north from the target area, and mark out a cube with a height of 250m as the calculation domain.

[0058] Finally, based on the basic three-dimensional geometric models of the target area and the computational domain, a total of n basic three-dimensional geometric models are constructed for the n research roads mentioned above.

[0059] 3) Divide the basic grid: For the n basic three-dimensional geometric models constructed, a finite volume meshing algorithm is adopted, and meshing software (such as ICEM, Gambit, etc.) is used to perform unstructured meshing on the basic three-dimensional geometric models to form n basic meshes.

[0060] It should be noted that only n grids need to be constructed here, not n×m 3 This saves computation time and storage space.

[0061] 4) Set boundary conditions: For the n basic grids that have been divided, boundary conditions are set using computational fluid simulation software (such as Fluent, etc.). The initial condition of the inlet temperature of the calculation domain is set to a constant temperature, the wind speed is set to a gradient wind, and the boundaries of the building and vegetation are set to constant temperature boundaries respectively.

[0062] Add momentum (F) source terms and energy (q v ) source term, momentum (F) source term and the X ijkl (Traffic roads are R i , temperature is T j , wind speed is V k , the number of vehicles is N l ) is related to the real-time wind speed of the simulation case, and the energy (q v ) source term and the Xth ijkl (Traffic roads are R i , temperature is T j , wind speed is V k , the number of vehicles is N l ) The real-time number of vehicles in the simulation case is related to the real-time air temperature, and the calculation formula is as follows: ; Where C is the vehicle drag coefficient; ρ is the air density; v b is the vehicle speed; A is the vehicle cross-sectional area; h c is the convective heat transfer coefficient; S is the heat transfer surface area; N c is the number of vehicles; ∆T is the temperature difference between the vehicle and the surrounding air; V is the volume of the vehicle, assuming that there are continuous moving vehicles on the road.

[0063] 5) Construction of traffic thermal environment 3D image database: According to the set boundary conditions, computational fluid simulation software (such as Fluent, etc.) is used for calculation, and post-processing software (such as CFD-Post, etc.) is used to intercept different vertical planes (such as H1,…, H max ), and obtain the traffic road R i , temperature is T j , wind speed is V k and the number of vehicles is N l The thermal environment map of the scene is n×m 3 The three-dimensional images of the traffic thermal environment of each scene are stored in a memory to obtain a three-dimensional image database of the traffic thermal environment.

[0064] S202. The specific methods and contents of data processing and analysis are as follows: 1) Preprocess input data: All acquired real-time vehicle numbers, real-time air temperature and real-time wind speed are input into the memory 501 in the data processing module 5 .

[0065] 2) Interval locking: First, the controller 503 in the data processing module 5 is used to call the real-time vehicle number N in the memory 501 t , Real-time air temperature T t and real-time wind speed V t Sent to the operator 502.

[0066] Then based on the binary search algorithm, the real-time vehicle number N is locked t The vehicle quantity threshold interval [N min +(N max -N min ) / m×(l-1), N min +(N max -N min ) / m×l], and calculate the position N in the vehicle number threshold interval t / {[N min +(N max -N min ) / m×(l-1)]+[ N min +(N max -N min ) / m×l]}×100%; Lock the real-time air temperature T t The temperature threshold interval [T min +(T max -T min ) / m×(j-1), T min +(T max -T min ) / m×j], and calculate the position T in the temperature threshold interval t / {[T min +(T max -T min ) / m×(j-1)]+[ T min +(T max -T min ) / m×j]}×100%; Lock real-time wind speed V t The wind speed threshold interval [V min +(V max -V min ) / m×(k-1), V min +(V max -V min ) / m×k], and calculate the position V in the wind speed threshold interval t / {[V min +(V max -V min) / m×(k-1)]+[ V min +(V max -V min ) / m×k]}×100%.

[0067] Then, the three-dimensional images of the traffic thermal environment in the locked vehicle quantity threshold interval, temperature threshold interval, and wind speed threshold interval are loaded from the memory 501 into the operator 502 .

[0068] Finally, the controller 503 calculates the real-time vehicle number N t , Real-time air temperature T t and real-time wind speed V t The location indicates that the value is recalled to the memory 501 .

[0069] 3) Predict real-time high-resolution dynamic images of traffic thermal environment: The real-time number of vehicles N t , Real-time air temperature T t and real-time wind speed V t After the location representation value is transferred to the operator 502, the thermal environment image is spatially interpolated using the nearest neighbor method in combination with the three-dimensional image of the traffic thermal environment in each scene, and the real-time vehicle number N is quickly predicted. t , Real-time air temperature T t and real-time wind speed V t The real-time high-resolution dynamic image of the traffic thermal environment in the scene is transmitted to the display 6 for display.

[0070] S203. The specific methods and contents of temperature warning are as follows: 1) Set the temperature threshold: The preset summer high temperature threshold is T h , and store it in the memory 501; 2) Comparison data: The controller 503 is used to call the predicted real-time high-resolution traffic thermal environment dynamic image into the computing unit 502, and the average temperature T of the traffic road under the real-time high-resolution traffic thermal environment dynamic image is calculated. a , continue to take the average temperature T a With high temperature threshold T h Make a comparison; 3) Early warning tips: When T a >T h When the temperature reaches 0, the controller 503 will transmit the instruction "high temperature warning" to the display 6.

[0071] S300. The generated real-time high-resolution dynamic image of the traffic thermal environment of the research road, or the generated "high temperature warning" signal, is output to the display 6, which presents the real-time high-resolution dynamic image of the traffic thermal environment of the research road in a visual form, and displays the words "high temperature warning" when receiving the "high temperature warning" signal.

[0072] See also Figure 4 As shown, the following takes a section of Beijing East Road in Nanjing as an example to further explain the device and method of the present invention. The road is a four-lane road, and the specific implementation steps are as follows: 1. Use the 360° camera in the device of the present invention to record the vehicle conditions on Beijing East Road in real time (every second), and count the vehicles on the road through the image acquisition module.

[0073] 2. Use the temperature collection sensor and wind speed collection sensor in the device of the present invention to collect the air temperature and wind speed around Beijing East Road in real time (every second).

[0074] 3. By extracting the geometric shapes of Beijing East Road and its surrounding buildings and vegetation (including the area within 500m around the road), we constructed Figure 5 The geometric model shown in the figure is then meshed unstructuredly using the finite volume meshing algorithm.

[0075] 4. The collected air temperature, wind speed and number of vehicles on Beijing East Road are used as inputs to construct the momentum (F) source term and energy (q v ) source item, combined with numerical simulation software, the dynamic thermal environment distribution results of Beijing East Road are quickly predicted, and a real-time (per second) three-dimensional image of the traffic thermal environment is obtained.

[0076] 5. All the real-time (per second) traffic thermal environment three-dimensional images are imported into the controller of the device of the present invention to realize the image space difference, and finally dynamically presented through the display of the device of the present invention as follows: Figure 6 High-resolution dynamic image of the traffic thermal environment is shown.

[0077] It can be seen that the present invention only needs to monitor the number of vehicles, air temperature and wind speed on the study road in real time, and can quickly and accurately predict the high-resolution traffic thermal environment dynamic image of the study road through the thermal environment rapid prediction method provided by the present invention, and dynamically display it on the display, which effectively solves the problem that traditional technology is limited by the number of monitoring equipment and the cost of use, and can be applied to the prediction and display of high-resolution traffic thermal environment dynamic images of any road, and has universal applicability.

[0078] Moreover, the rapid thermal environment prediction method considering dynamic traffic characteristics proposed in the present invention solves the problems of long calculation time and high storage cost of traditional traffic thermal environment prediction methods without the need for geometric modeling of moving vehicles (for example, computational fluid dynamics methods often use dynamic mesh algorithms to achieve dynamic traffic thermal environment prediction, which requires geometric modeling of moving vehicles and grid division, greatly increasing the calculation cost).

[0079] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for rapid prediction and display of three-dimensional images of traffic thermal environment, characterized in that: The system comprises at least a 360° rotating camera (1), a temperature sensor (2), a wind speed sensor (3), an image acquisition module (4), a data processing module (5) and a display (6); The 360° rotating camera (1) is responsible for capturing real-time vehicle status images on the research road; The image acquisition module (4) is responsible for counting the number of real-time vehicles appearing in the real-time vehicle situation screen; The temperature sensor (2) is responsible for collecting the real-time air temperature around the research road; The wind speed sensor (3) is responsible for collecting the real-time wind speed around the research road; The data processing module (5) is responsible for using the acquired real-time vehicle quantity, real-time air temperature and real-time wind speed to generate a real-time high-resolution dynamic image of the traffic thermal environment of the research road through a corresponding processing method, and generating a "high temperature warning" signal when the average temperature of the research road is too high; The display (6) is responsible for displaying the generated real-time high-resolution dynamic image of the traffic thermal environment, or simultaneously displaying the generated "high temperature warning" signal.

2. The device for rapid prediction and display of three-dimensional images of traffic thermal environment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data processing module (5) at least comprises a memory (501), a computing unit (502) and a controller (503); wherein: The memory (501) is responsible for storing data information including the real-time number of vehicles, real-time air temperature and real-time wind speed, as well as data information processed by the operator and the controller; The operator (502) is responsible for processing and analyzing the input data including the real-time number of vehicles, the real-time air temperature and the real-time wind speed, generating a real-time three-dimensional image of the traffic thermal environment of the research road, and generating a "high temperature warning" signal when the average temperature of the research road is too high; The controller (503) is responsible for realizing image space difference on the imported real-time traffic thermal environment three-dimensional image, and generating a real-time high-resolution traffic thermal environment dynamic image of the research road.

3. The device for rapid prediction and display of three-dimensional images of traffic thermal environment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The display (6) is erected on the ground via a supporting assembly; the 360° rotating camera (1), the temperature sensor (2), and the wind speed sensor (3) are respectively arranged on the top of the display (6); the 360° rotating camera (1) is located in the center of the top of the display (6); the temperature sensor (2) and the wind speed sensor (3) are both located on the same side of the 360° rotating camera (1) or are arranged on the left and right sides of the 360° rotating camera (1); and the image acquisition module (4) and the data processing module (5) are both arranged inside the display (6).

4. The device for rapid prediction and display of three-dimensional images of traffic thermal environment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The support assembly consists of a fixed bracket (9) and a telescopic rod (10); the fixed bracket (9) is placed on the ground; the bottom end of the telescopic rod (10) is fixedly connected to the top end of the fixed bracket (9); and the top end of the telescopic rod (10) is fixedly connected to the base of the display (6).

5. The traffic thermal environment prediction and graphic display device based on the rapid prediction model according to claim 1 is characterized by: The display (6) is provided with a switch (7) and a power interface (8), respectively; the switch (7) is embedded on the left side of the front of the display (6), and the power interface (8) is embedded on the right side of the front of the display (6).

6. A method for quickly predicting and displaying a three-dimensional image of a traffic thermal environment according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S100, obtaining the real-time number of vehicles on the research road, and the real-time air temperature and real-time wind speed around the research road; the obtaining methods are: Using a 360° rotating camera (1), taking pictures of real-time vehicle conditions on the study road at intervals of a certain unit time, and using an image acquisition module (4) to count the number of vehicles appearing in each of the real-time vehicle condition pictures, thereby obtaining the real-time number of vehicles on the study road; Using the temperature sensor, the air temperature around the study road is collected in real time at the same unit time interval, so as to obtain the real-time air temperature around the study road; Using wind speed sensors, the wind speed around the research road is collected in real time at the same unit time interval, so as to obtain the real-time wind speed around the research road; S200, inputting all the acquired real-time vehicle numbers, real-time air temperature and real-time wind speed into the data processing module (5), processing and analyzing them using a dynamic traffic heat source rapid prediction method, thereby generating a real-time high-resolution traffic thermal environment dynamic image, and generating a "high temperature warning" signal when the average temperature is too high; S300, outputting the generated real-time high-resolution dynamic image of the traffic thermal environment of the research road, or simultaneously outputting the generated "high temperature warning" signal to the display (6), the display (6) visually presenting the real-time high-resolution dynamic image of the traffic thermal environment of the research road, and displaying the words "high temperature warning" when receiving the "high temperature warning" signal.

7. The method for rapid prediction and display of three-dimensional images of traffic thermal environment according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The dynamic traffic heat source rapid prediction method includes three major contents: basic database construction, data processing and analysis, and temperature warning; among them, The construction of the basic database includes: defining database scenarios, building basic three-dimensional geometric models, dividing basic grids, setting boundary conditions and building a three-dimensional image database of traffic thermal environment; The data processing and analysis includes: pre-processing input data sets, locking intervals, and predicting dynamic images of traffic thermal environment; The temperature warning includes the following contents: setting temperature threshold, data comparison and warning prompt.

8. The method for rapid prediction and display of three-dimensional images of traffic thermal environment according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The specific steps of constructing the basic database are: 1) Define the database scenario: Combined with the three-dimensional map and actual investigation, the characteristics of the n research roads to be monitored and their surrounding influencing factors including building layout, building density, building height, vegetation type, vegetation height, and vegetation density are obtained; Define the temperature threshold range of summer traffic roads and divide it equally into m temperature threshold intervals; Define the wind speed threshold range for summer traffic roads and divide it equally into m wind speed threshold intervals; Define the vehicle quantity threshold range for monitoring traffic roads, and divide it equally into m vehicle quantity threshold intervals; According to the above pre-definition, it is assumed that the database scenario has a total of X=n×m 3 scenes; Where n and m are both natural numbers; 2) Constructing basic 3D geometric model: Firstly, based on the three-dimensional map, the center of the research road is taken as the center of the circle and the length of the research road is several times as long as the diameter, and the range of the geometric model is drawn as the target range; Then, according to the characteristics of surrounding influencing factors including building layout, building density, building height, vegetation type, vegetation height, and vegetation density within the target range, the geometry of the target area is constructed using 3D geometric partitioning software; Then, a cube of a certain height is drawn as the calculation domain by extending a certain distance in the four directions of due east, due south, due west and due north from the target area; Finally, based on the target area and the basic three-dimensional geometric model of the computational domain, n basic three-dimensional geometric models are constructed for the n research roads mentioned above; 3) Divide the basic grid: For the n basic three-dimensional geometric models constructed, a finite volume meshing algorithm is used and meshing software is used to perform unstructured meshing on the basic three-dimensional geometric models to form n basic meshes; 4) Set boundary conditions: For the n basic grids that have been divided, the boundary conditions are set using computational fluid simulation software. The initial condition of the inlet temperature of the computational domain is set to a constant temperature, the wind speed is set to a gradient wind, and the boundaries of the building and vegetation are set to constant temperature boundaries respectively. Add momentum source terms and energy source terms to the road boundary. The momentum source term is related to the real-time wind speed of the simulation case, and the energy source term is related to the real-time number of vehicles and real-time air temperature of the simulation case. The calculation formula is as follows: ； Where F is the momentum source; q v is the energy source; C is the vehicle drag coefficient; ρ is the air density; v b is the vehicle speed; A is the vehicle cross-sectional area; h c is the convective heat transfer coefficient; S is the heat transfer surface area; N c is the number of vehicles; ∆T is the temperature difference between the vehicle and the surrounding air; V is the volume of the vehicle, assuming that there are continuous moving vehicles on the road; 5) Construction of traffic thermal environment 3D image database: According to the set boundary conditions, the computational fluid simulation software is used for calculation, and different vertical planes are intercepted by post-processing software to obtain n×m 3 The three-dimensional image of the traffic thermal environment in the simulated scene is n×m 3 The three-dimensional images of the traffic thermal environment of each scene are stored in a memory to obtain a three-dimensional image database of the traffic thermal environment.

9. The method for rapid prediction and display of three-dimensional images of traffic thermal environment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The specific steps of the data processing and analysis are: 1) Preprocess input data: Inputting all acquired real-time vehicle numbers, real-time air temperature and real-time wind speed into a memory (501) in the data processing module (5); 2) Interval locking: First, the controller (503) in the data processing module (5) is used to call the real-time number of vehicles, real-time air temperature and real-time wind speed in the memory (501) and transmit them to the calculation unit (502); Then, based on the binary search algorithm, the vehicle quantity threshold interval where the real-time vehicle quantity is located is locked, and the position in the vehicle quantity threshold interval is calculated; Lock the temperature threshold interval where the real-time air temperature is located, and calculate the position in the temperature threshold interval; Lock the wind speed threshold interval where the real-time wind speed is located, and calculate the position in the wind speed threshold interval; Then, the three-dimensional image of the traffic thermal environment under the locked vehicle quantity threshold interval, temperature threshold interval and wind speed threshold interval is loaded from the memory (501) into the calculation unit (502); Finally, the controller (503) returns the real-time vehicle quantity, real-time air temperature and real-time wind speed position representation values ​​to the memory (501); 3) Predict real-time high-resolution dynamic images of traffic thermal environment: After the numerical values ​​representing the positions of the real-time number of vehicles, the real-time air temperature and the real-time wind speed are loaded into the operator (502), the three-dimensional images of the traffic thermal environment in each scene are combined and the nearest neighbor method is used to perform spatial difference on the thermal environment image, so as to quickly predict and obtain a real-time high-resolution dynamic image of the traffic thermal environment in the scene of the real-time number of vehicles, the real-time air temperature and the real-time wind speed, and transmit the real-time high-resolution dynamic image of the traffic thermal environment to the display (6) for display.

10. The method for rapid prediction and display of three-dimensional images of traffic thermal environment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The specific steps of the temperature warning are: 1) Set the temperature threshold: Preset a summer high temperature threshold and store it in a memory (501); 2) Comparison data: Using the controller (503) to call the predicted real-time high-resolution traffic thermal environment dynamic image into the calculation unit (502), calculate the average temperature of the traffic road under the real-time high-resolution traffic thermal environment dynamic image, and continue to compare the value of the average temperature of the traffic road with the high temperature threshold; 3) Early warning tips: When the average temperature of the traffic road is greater than the high temperature threshold, the controller (503) transmits the instruction "high temperature warning" to the display (6), and the display (6) displays the words "high temperature warning".

Images