A polishing machine

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of polishing equipment, and discloses a polishing machine, comprising: a frame; a workpiece positioning mechanism, which is arranged on the frame, the workpiece positioning mechanism has a rotatable processing table, the top side of the processing table is provided with a workpiece positioning groove, and the processing table can also rotate relative to the frame along the axis of the horizontal direction; a processing mechanism, which is arranged on the frame, the processing mechanism has a connecting spindle that can move in three dimensions; a polishing head, comprising a main rod, a piezoelectric actuator and a polishing disc, the main rod is connected to the connecting spindle, the piezoelectric actuator is connected to the main rod, the piezoelectric actuator has a moving end that can move up and down, and the moving end is connected to the polishing disc through transmission. The invention utilizes the piezoelectric actuator to micro-control the polishing disc, so as to realize fast and accurate control of the polishing disc movement, and is also applicable to off-axis aspheric surfaces and free-form surfaces of optical lenses, thereby improving the processing efficiency and quality of the polishing machine and the applicability to optical lenses of different shapes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a polishing device, in particular to a polishing machine. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of optoelectronic technology, various complex optical and mechanical structures have begun to appear, which has put forward higher requirements on the performance, image quality, volume and weight of modern imaging systems. In order to achieve the requirements of ultra-thin and ultra-simple optical systems, more and more off-axis aspheric and free-form optical lenses have begun to appear.

[0003] When polishing a rotationally symmetrical mirror, the current polishing machine can rotate the workpiece axis at high speed. The high-speed rotating polishing head only needs to move along the generatrix direction to polish the entire mirror. Compared with robot processing, the high-speed rotating workpiece can greatly increase the relative movement speed between the polishing head and the mirror, thereby improving the removal efficiency and shortening the processing cycle. However, the free-form optical lens is a non-rotationally symmetrical surface. When the workpiece axis rotates, the pressing depth of the ordinary polishing head on the mirror will jump greatly, and stable and fast surface removal cannot be achieved. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a polishing machine that can be used for processing off-axis aspheric and free-form optical lenses. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a polishing machine to solve one or more technical problems existing in the prior art and at least provide a beneficial choice or create conditions.

[0005] The solution of the present invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0006] A polishing machine comprises: a frame; a workpiece positioning mechanism, which is arranged on the frame, the workpiece positioning mechanism has a rotatable processing table, the top side of the processing table is provided with a workpiece positioning groove, and the processing table can also rotate relative to the frame along the axis of the horizontal direction; a processing mechanism, which is arranged on the frame, the processing mechanism has a connecting spindle that can move in three dimensions; a polishing head, comprising a main rod, a piezoelectric actuator and a polishing disk, the main rod is connected to the connecting spindle, the piezoelectric actuator is connected to the main rod, the piezoelectric actuator has a movable end that can move up and down, and the movable end is transmission-connected to the polishing disk.

[0007] The technical solution has at least the following beneficial effects: the optical lens to be processed is placed on the workpiece positioning groove. During operation, the processing table rotates to drive the optical lens to rotate. The processing table can also rotate relative to the frame along the horizontal axis to adjust the processing position of the optical lens. The connecting spindle in the processing mechanism moves to the position where the optical lens needs to be processed, and moves down to the optical lens. The polishing disk is used to abut against the surface of the optical lens to polish the optical lens. At the same time, the piezoelectric actuator in the polishing head applies a voltage signal to control the lifting and lowering of the moving end, and the moving end drives the polishing disk to move up and down, so that the downward pressure of the polishing disk is basically the same when passing each point of the optical lens to be processed. In this way, the micro-motion control of the polishing disk by the piezoelectric actuator can realize fast and accurate control of the activity of the polishing disk, and is also applicable to off-axis aspheric and free-form optical lenses. The removal function is almost unchanged during polishing and shaping, and can better fit the surface of the optical lens, thereby improving the processing efficiency and quality of the polishing machine and the applicability to optical lenses of different shapes.

[0008] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the bottom side of the main rod is connected with a mounting groove, the mounting groove extends along the axial direction of the main rod, the piezoelectric actuator is connected to the mounting groove, the polishing head also includes an extension rod and a base, the top end of the extension rod is connected to the mobile end, the base is connected to the bottom end of the extension rod, and the polishing disc is connected to the bottom surface of the base. The piezoelectric actuator is installed in the mounting groove, and the main rod is used to provide surrounding protection for the piezoelectric actuator, effectively preventing foreign objects from interfering with and damaging the piezoelectric actuator, and the extension rod is used to connect to the mobile end and extend the main rod, so as to output power to the base. The base can be used to facilitate the installation of the polishing disc, increase the connection area between the polishing disc and the base, improve the stability of the installation of the polishing disc, and achieve stable output of the power of the piezoelectric actuator located in the main rod to the polishing disc.

[0009] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the polishing head is a high-density sponge. The polishing head formed by the high-density sponge is relatively hard, and the elastic force of each point is relatively stable when the downward pressure is fixed, thereby improving the stability of the removal function during processing.

[0010] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, a polyurethane layer is provided on the bottom side of the polishing head. The polyurethane layer has a porous structure, which is conducive to the contact between the polishing liquid and the mirror surface, further improving the polishing effect.

[0011] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, a peripheral edge is connected to the outside of the base, the peripheral edge extends around the main rod, and the peripheral edge abuts against the outside of the main rod. The peripheral edge forms an annular limiting structure on the outside of the main rod, which can limit the up and down movement of the base relative to the main rod, effectively reducing the horizontal deviation of the base relative to the main rod, thereby further improving the stability of the polishing disc processing quality.

[0012] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, a limiting channel is provided on the outer side of the main rod, the limiting channel penetrates the main rod in the radial direction of the main rod, the limiting channel extends in the up-down direction, a limiting rod is inserted in the limiting channel, and the limiting rod passes through the extension rod in the radial direction of the extension rod. By passing the limiting rod through the extension rod, the two ends of the limiting rod are respectively inserted into the two ends of the limiting channel for limiting, which can effectively prevent the extension rod from being driven to produce horizontal deflection, and the limiting rod can move up and down in the limiting channel as the extension rod moves up and down, further improving the stability of the polishing disc movement.

[0013] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, a receiving groove is provided on the bottom side of the base, and a connecting screw is inserted into the receiving groove, and the connecting screw is connected to the bottom end of the extension rod. The base and the extension rod are detachable structures. When the two are assembled, the connecting screw is inserted into the receiving groove on the bottom side of the base and connected to the extension rod, so that the extension rod and the base are connected to each other, and the receiving groove is used to store the head of the connecting screw, so that the overall connection structure is more compact and can facilitate the subsequent maintenance or replacement of the polishing disc.

[0014] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the polishing disc is detachably connected to the base. According to the caliber and curvature radius of different processed mirror surfaces, the polishing disc can be installed and replaced from the base to meet different usage requirements and improve overall usage flexibility.

[0015] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the workpiece positioning mechanism includes a swing arm, a first rotating drive member and a second rotating drive member, the swing arm is rotatably connected to the frame, the first rotating drive member is connected to the frame, the first rotating drive member is drivingly connected to the swing arm, the first rotating drive member can drive the swing arm to rotate along the axis in the left-right direction, the second rotating drive member is connected to the swing arm, the processing table is rotatably connected to the swing arm, the second rotating drive member is drivingly connected to the processing table, and the second rotating drive member can drive the processing table to rotate. During operation, the second rotating drive member provides a rotational driving force to the processing table, thereby using the processing table to drive the optical lens to rotate, thereby improving the processing efficiency of the optical lens, and the first rotating drive member can provide a driving force to rotate along the horizontal axis to the processing table, thereby realizing the position adjustment of the optical lens.

[0016] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the processing mechanism includes a front-to-back translation drive, a left-to-right translation drive and a lifting drive, the left-to-right translation drive is connected to the frame, the front-to-back translation drive is arranged on the left-to-right translation drive, the left-to-right translation drive can drive the front-to-back translation drive to move left-to-right, the lifting drive is arranged on the front-to-back translation drive, the front-to-back translation drive can drive the lifting drive to move forward and backward, and the connecting spindle is arranged on the lifting drive, and the lifting drive can drive the connecting spindle to move up and down. The front-to-back translation drive, the left-to-right translation drive and the lifting drive can provide the connecting spindle with a driving force to move in the front-to-back, left-to-right, and up-and-down directions, thereby driving the polishing disc to move to the optical lens, realizing a rough adjustment of the position of the polishing disc, and then the piezoelectric actuator makes a fine adjustment of the polishing disc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly describes the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other design solutions and drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 It is an overall stereogram of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a front view of the polishing head of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the AA cross-section structure.

[0021] In the accompanying drawings: 1-frame, 21-processing table, 22-swing arm, 3-processing mechanism, 31-connecting spindle, 4-polishing head, 41-main rod, 411-limiting channel, 412-limiting rod, 42-piezoelectric actuator, 43-polishing disk, 441-extension rod, 442-base, 443-edge, 444-connecting screws. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will clearly and completely describe the concept, specific structure and technical effects of the present invention in combination with the embodiments and drawings, so as to fully understand the purpose, characteristics and effects of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, other embodiments obtained by technicians in this field without creative work are all within the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, all the connection relationships mentioned in the text do not refer to the direct connection of components, but refer to the fact that a better connection structure can be formed by adding or reducing connecting accessories according to the specific implementation situation. The various technical features in the invention can be combined interchangeably without conflicting with each other.

[0023] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 A polishing machine comprises: a frame 1; a workpiece positioning mechanism, which is arranged on the frame 1, and the workpiece positioning mechanism has a rotatable processing table 21, and the top side of the processing table 21 is provided with a workpiece positioning groove, and the processing table 21 can also rotate relative to the frame 1 along the axis of the horizontal direction; a processing mechanism 3, which is arranged on the frame 1, and the processing mechanism 3 has a three-dimensionally movable connecting spindle 31; a polishing head 4, including a main rod 41, a piezoelectric actuator 42 and a polishing disk 43, the main rod 41 is connected to the connecting spindle 31, the piezoelectric actuator 42 is connected to the main rod 41, and the piezoelectric actuator 42 has a movable end that can move up and down, and the movable end is transmission-connected to the polishing disk 43.

[0024] In this polishing machine, the optical lens to be processed is placed on the workpiece positioning groove. During operation, the processing table 21 rotates to drive the optical lens to rotate. The processing table 21 can also rotate relative to the frame 1 along the horizontal axis to adjust the processing position of the optical lens. The connecting spindle 31 in the processing mechanism 3 moves to the position where the optical lens needs to be processed, and moves down to the optical lens. The polishing disc 43 is used to abut against the surface of the optical lens to polish the optical lens. At the same time, the piezoelectric actuator 42 in the polishing head 4 applies a voltage signal to control the lifting and lowering of the moving end, and the moving end drives the polishing disc 43 to move up and down, so that the downward pressure of the polishing disc 43 is basically the same when passing through each point of the optical lens to be processed. In this way, the micro-motion control of the polishing disc 43 by the piezoelectric actuator 42 can realize fast and accurate control of the activity of the polishing disc 43, and is also applicable to off-axis aspheric surfaces and free-form surfaces of optical lenses. The removal function is almost unchanged during polishing and shaping, and can better fit the surface of the optical lens, thereby improving the processing efficiency and quality of the polishing machine and the applicability to optical lenses of different shapes.

[0025] The piezoelectric actuator 42 can be directly connected to the outside of the main rod 41, for example, connected to the bottom end of the main rod 41. At this time, the piezoelectric actuator is exposed and is easily damaged by impact from foreign objects. In order to better protect the piezoelectric actuator 42, in this embodiment, the bottom side of the main rod 41 is connected with a mounting groove, and the mounting groove extends along the axial direction of the main rod 41. The piezoelectric actuator 42 is connected to the mounting groove. The polishing head 4 also includes an extension rod 441 and a base 442. The top end of the extension rod 441 is connected to the moving end, and the base 442 is connected to the bottom end of the extension rod 441. The polishing disk 43 is connected to the bottom surface of the base 442. The piezoelectric actuator 42 is installed into the installation groove, and the main rod 41 is used to provide surrounding protection for the piezoelectric actuator 42, which effectively prevents foreign objects from interfering with and damaging the piezoelectric actuator 42. The extension rod 441 is used to connect to the mobile end and extend out of the main rod 41, so as to output power to the base 442. The base 442 can be used to facilitate the installation of the polishing disk 43, increase the connection area between the polishing disk 43 and the base 442, improve the stability of the installation of the polishing disk 43, and realize the stable output of the power of the piezoelectric actuator 42 located in the main rod 41 to the polishing disk 43.

[0026] The polishing head 4 can be made of asphalt. In order to improve the polishing effect, in this embodiment, the polishing head 4 is a high-density sponge. The polishing head 4 formed by the high-density sponge is harder, and the elastic force of each point is relatively stable when the downward pressure is fixed, which improves the stability of the removal function during processing.

[0027] Furthermore, a polyurethane layer is provided on the bottom side of the polishing head 4. The polyurethane layer has a porous structure, which is conducive to the contact between the polishing liquid and the mirror surface, further improving the polishing effect.

[0028] In order to limit the horizontal deviation of the polishing disc 43 during processing, in this embodiment, a peripheral edge 443 is connected to the outer side of the base 442, and the peripheral edge 443 extends around the main rod 41, and the peripheral edge 443 abuts against the outer side of the main rod 41. The peripheral edge 443 forms an annular limiting structure on the outer side of the main rod 41, which can limit the up and down movement of the base 442 relative to the main rod 41, effectively reducing the horizontal deviation of the base 442 relative to the main rod 41, thereby further improving the stability of the processing quality of the polishing disc 43.

[0029] Furthermore, a limiting channel 411 is provided on the outer side of the main rod 41, and the limiting channel 411 penetrates the main rod 41 in the radial direction of the main rod 41. The limiting channel 411 extends in the up-down direction, and a limiting rod 412 is inserted in the limiting channel 411, and the limiting rod 412 penetrates the extension rod 441 in the radial direction of the extension rod 441. By passing the limiting rod 412 through the extension rod 441, the two ends of the limiting rod 412 are respectively inserted into the two ends of the limiting channel 411 for limiting, which can effectively prevent the extension rod 441 from being driven to produce horizontal deflection, and the limiting rod 412 can move up and down in the limiting channel 411 as the extension rod 441 moves up and down, further improving the stability of the movement of the polishing disc 43.

[0030] The extension rod 441 and the base 442 may be an integrally formed structure, or the two may be a detachable connection structure. Specifically, a receiving groove is provided on the bottom side of the base 442, and a connecting screw 444 is inserted into the receiving groove, and the connecting screw 444 is connected to the bottom end of the extension rod 441. The base 442 and the extension rod 441 are detachable structures. When the two are assembled, the connecting screw 444 is inserted into the receiving groove on the bottom side of the base 442 and connected to the extension rod 441, so that the extension rod 441 and the base 442 are connected to each other, and the receiving groove is used to store the head of the connecting screw 444, so that the overall connection structure is more compact, and it is convenient for the subsequent maintenance or replacement of the polishing disc 43.

[0031] The polishing disc 43 can be directly mounted and fixed on the base 442. When the polishing disc 43 needs to be replaced, the base 442 needs to be disassembled and assembled, which is a troublesome operation. Therefore, in this embodiment, the polishing disc 43 is detachably connected to the base 442. According to the caliber and curvature radius of the different processed mirror surfaces, the polishing disc 43 can be installed, disassembled and replaced from the base 442, so as to meet different usage requirements and improve the overall usage flexibility.

[0032] The workpiece positioning mechanism has a driving structure that drives the processing table 21 to rotate and swing for adjusting the position. Specifically, the workpiece positioning mechanism includes a swing arm 22, a first rotation driving member and a second rotation driving member. The swing arm 22 is rotatably connected to the frame 1, the first rotation driving member is connected to the frame 1, the first rotation driving member is drivingly connected to the swing arm 22, the first rotation driving member can drive the swing arm 22 to rotate along the axis in the left and right directions, the second rotation driving member is connected to the swing arm 22, the processing table 21 is rotatably connected to the swing arm 22, the second rotation driving member is drivingly connected to the processing table 21, the second rotation driving member can drive the processing table 21 to rotate, the first rotation driving member and the second rotation driving member are both used to provide rotational driving force, and a driving source such as a rotary cylinder or a motor can be used. During operation, the second rotating driving member provides a rotational driving force to the processing table 21, thereby utilizing the processing table 21 to drive the optical lens to rotate, thereby improving the processing efficiency of the optical lens, and the first rotating driving member can provide a driving force for the processing table 21 to rotate along the horizontal axis, thereby realizing the position adjustment of the optical lens.

[0033] The processing mechanism 3 has a driving source that can drive the connecting spindle 31 to move in a three-dimensional direction. For example, a manipulator with multiple degrees of freedom can be directly used. In the present embodiment, the processing mechanism 3 includes a front-to-back translation driving member, a left-to-right translation driving member and a lifting driving member. The left-to-right translation driving member is connected to the frame 1. The front-to-back translation driving member is arranged on the left-to-right translation driving member. The left-to-right translation driving member can drive the front-to-back translation driving member to move left-to-right. The lifting driving member is arranged on the front-to-back translation driving member. The front-to-back translation driving member can drive the lifting driving member to move forward and backward. The connecting spindle 31 is arranged on the lifting driving member. The lifting driving member can drive the connecting spindle 31 to move up and down. The front-to-back translation driving member, the left-to-right translation driving member and the lifting driving member are all used to provide driving force for movement in a linear direction. There are various structural forms, such as a screw rod, a cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder. The front-to-back translation drive, the left-to-right translation drive, and the lifting drive can provide driving force for the connecting main shaft 31 to move along the front-to-back, left-to-right, and up-and-down directions, thereby driving the polishing disk 43 to move to the optical lens, achieving a rough adjustment of the position of the polishing disk 43, and then the piezoelectric actuator 42 can finely adjust the polishing disk 43.

[0034] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are specifically described above, but the invention is not limited to the embodiments. Those skilled in the art may make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without violating the spirit of the invention. These equivalent modifications or substitutions are all included in the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A polishing machine, characterized in that: include: Rack(1); A workpiece positioning mechanism, which is arranged on the frame (1), the workpiece positioning mechanism having a rotatable processing table (21), a workpiece positioning groove being arranged on the top side of the processing table (21), and the processing table (21) can also rotate relative to the frame (1) along an axis in a horizontal direction; A processing mechanism (3) disposed on the frame (1), the processing mechanism (3) having a three-dimensionally movable connecting spindle (31); A polishing head (4), comprising a main rod (41), a piezoelectric actuator (42) and a polishing disc (43), wherein the main rod (41) is connected to the connecting main shaft (31), the piezoelectric actuator (42) is connected to the main rod (41), and the piezoelectric actuator (42) has a movable end that can move up and down, and the movable end is transmission-connected to the polishing disc (43); The bottom side of the main rod (41) is connected to a mounting groove, the mounting groove extends along the axial direction of the main rod (41), the piezoelectric actuator (42) is connected to the mounting groove, the polishing head (4) further comprises an extension rod (441) and a base (442), the top end of the extension rod (441) is connected to the movable end, the base (442) is connected to the bottom end of the extension rod (441), and the polishing disc (43) is connected to the bottom surface of the base (442); The outer side of the base (442) is connected to a surrounding edge (443), the surrounding edge (443) extends around the main rod (41), and the surrounding edge (443) abuts against the outer side of the main rod (41); A limiting channel (411) is provided on the outer side of the main rod (41), the limiting channel (411) penetrates the main rod (41) in the radial direction of the main rod (41), the limiting channel (411) extends in the up-down direction, a limiting rod (412) is inserted in the limiting channel (411), and the limiting rod (412) penetrates the extension rod (441) in the radial direction of the extension rod (441).

2. A polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polishing head (4) is a high-density sponge.

3. A polishing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom side of the polishing head (4) is provided with a polyurethane layer.

4. A polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A storage groove is provided on the bottom side of the base (442), a connecting screw (444) is inserted into the storage groove, and the connecting screw (444) is connected to the bottom end of the extension rod (441).

5. A polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polishing disc (43) and the base (442) are detachably connected.

6. A polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workpiece positioning mechanism comprises a swing arm (22), a first rotary drive member and a second rotary drive member, wherein the swing arm (22) is rotatably connected to the frame (1), the first rotary drive member is connected to the frame (1), the first rotary drive member is drivingly connected to the swing arm (22), and the first rotary drive member can drive the swing arm (22) to rotate along an axis in a left-right direction, the second rotary drive member is connected to the swing arm (22), the processing table (21) is rotatably connected to the swing arm (22), the second rotary drive member is drivingly connected to the processing table (21), and the second rotary drive member can drive the processing table (21) to rotate.

7. A polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing mechanism (3) comprises a front-to-back translation drive member, a left-to-right translation drive member and a lifting drive member, the left-to-right translation drive member being connected to the frame (1), the front-to-back translation drive member being arranged on the left-to-right translation drive member, the left-to-right translation drive member being able to drive the front-to-back translation drive member to move left-to-right, the lifting drive member being arranged on the front-to-back translation drive member, the front-to-back translation drive member being able to drive the lifting drive member to move forward and backward, and a connecting spindle (31) being arranged on the lifting drive member, the lifting drive member being able to drive the connecting spindle (31) to move up and down.

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