Cherry tomato cultivation method

Abstract

The invention provides a cultivation method of cherry tomatoes, and belongs to the technical field of soilless cultivation of the cherry tomatoes. According to the method, nutrient solutions with different EC values are dripped in different growth periods after cherry tomatoes are planted, and the EC value of the nutrient solution is 1.4-1.6 ms * cm <-1 > in the seedling stage and the flowering stage; in the fruiting period, the EC value of the nutrient solution is 3-4 ms * cm <-1 >; in the harvest period, the EC value of the nutrient solution is 4-5 ms. Cm <-1 >. By adopting the cultivation method to plant the cherry tomatoes, the growth of tomato plants can be promoted, the yield of the cherry tomatoes can be remarkably improved, the quality and the taste of the cherry tomato fruits can be improved, and the problem that high-quality tomatoes are obtained by sacrificing the yield of the cherry tomatoes in the prior art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of soilless cultivation of cherry tomatoes, and in particular to a cultivation method of cherry tomatoes. Background Art

[0002] Cherry tomatoes are a variety of the genus Tomato in the Solanaceae family. They are annual herbaceous plants that produce ripe berries. Their fruits are bright and colorful, sweet, and have a unique flavor. They are rich in nutrients such as vitamins, carotenoids, carbohydrates, phenolic compounds, etc. They are vegetables with higher nutritional value among fresh vegetables, are deeply loved by consumers, and have high economic benefits.

[0003] The content of flavor chemicals (including sugars, acids, and volatile substances) largely determines consumers' preference for cherry tomatoes. Soluble Solid Content (SSC) is a comprehensive indicator that characterizes soluble sugars and organic acids. In cherry tomato fruits, the main soluble sugars are glucose, fructose, and sucrose, among which the contents of glucose and fructose are similar. The soluble solid content is an important indicator reflecting the quality of cherry tomatoes. The higher the soluble solid content in cherry tomatoes, the more nutritious and better quality the cherry tomatoes are. The sugar-acid ratio, also called the sweet-acid ratio, refers to the ratio of the total sugar content (soluble sugar) to the total acid content in food or food ingredients, which can be used to compare the taste and quality of fruits.

[0004] At present, cherry tomato production faces a series of prominent problems such as continuous cropping obstacles, poor taste, and quality degradation, which seriously restrict the development of the cherry tomato industry. In the existing soilless cultivation process of cherry tomatoes, the purpose of improving tomato quality is usually achieved by controlling water and increasing fertilizer. Although the quality of cherry tomatoes has been improved, it often causes the growth of plants to deteriorate or even a significant reduction in yield. Therefore, how to achieve stable and increased yields on the basis of improving fruit quality has become a new challenge for the current facility cherry tomato cultivation and management technology. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a cherry tomato cultivation method. The cherry tomato cultivation method of the present invention can not only improve the quality of cherry tomatoes, but also increase the yield of cherry tomatoes; and solves the problem of obtaining high-quality tomatoes at the expense of the yield of cherry tomatoes in the prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a method for cultivating cherry tomatoes, comprising the following steps:

[0008] (1) Take tomato cherry seedlings 50 to 60 days old and plant them in the cultivation medium;

[0009] (2) After cherry tomatoes are planted, the main trunk of the plant is used as the first fruiting branch, and the strong first side branch under the first inflorescence is used as the second fruiting branch;

[0010] (3) After cherry tomatoes are planted, nutrient solution is drip-irrigated. At different growth stages of cherry tomatoes, nutrient solution with different EC values ​​is drip-irrigated. Specifically:

[0011] During the seedling and flowering stages, the EC value of the nutrient solution is 1.4-1.6 ms·cm -1 ;

[0012] During the fruiting period, the EC value of the nutrient solution is 3-4 ms·cm -1 ;

[0013] At the harvest stage, the EC value of the nutrient solution is 4-5 ms·cm -1 ;

[0014] The nutrient solutions with different EC values ​​are prepared by diluting a nutrient solution mother solution; the nutrient solution mother solution comprises components of the following concentrations: 0.9-1.1 g / L calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 0.4-0.45 g / L potassium nitrate, 0.18-0.23 g / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.03-0.04 g / L ammonium sulfate, 0.4-0.46 g / L magnesium nitrate hexahydrate, 0.25-0.35 g / L potassium sulfate, 6-7 mg / L sodium ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 1.5-2 mg / L manganese sulfate monohydrate, 1-2 mg / L zinc sulfate monohydrate, 1-1.5 mg / L sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 0.17-0.22 mg / L copper sulfate pentahydrate, and 0.15-0.25 mg / L sodium molybdate dihydrate;

[0015] (4) Cherry tomatoes are harvested when the color of the fruits changes by ≥90%.

[0016] Preferably, the nutrient drip irrigation amount is 40 to 2000 mL / plant / day.

[0017] Preferably, during the cherry tomato seedling acclimatization period, the daytime temperature is 25-30°C and the nighttime temperature is 14-16°C; after the seedling acclimatization, the daytime temperature is 22-28°C and the nighttime temperature is 18-22°C; during the cherry tomato fruiting period, the daytime temperature is 22-28°C and the nighttime temperature is 18-22°C.

[0018] Preferably, during the pollination period of cherry tomatoes, the temperature is controlled at 20-32° C. and the humidity is controlled at 50-80%.

[0019] Preferably, the cultivation medium comprises coconut bran.

[0020] Preferably, during the cultivation period, when the temperature exceeds 35°C, a sunshade net is used to shade the soil, and the shading rate is 45-50%.

[0021] Preferably, the tomato cherry seedlings have 6 to 7 true leaves, a plant height of 18 to 20 cm, and a stem thickness of 4 to 5 mm.

[0022] Preferably, a fungicide is applied at the cherry tomato seedling stage, and the tomato cherries are sprayed with the fungicide, and the fungicide is thiophanate-methyl, carbendazim or Bordeaux mixture.

[0023] Preferably, the spraying frequency of the fungicide is 10 to 15 days / time; the dilution multiple of the fungicide is 700 to 900 times.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention drips nutrient solutions with different EC values ​​at different growth stages after cherry tomatoes are planted, and the EC value of the nutrient solution is 1.4-1.6 ms·cm in the seedling stage and flowering stage. -1 ; During the fruiting period, the EC value of the nutrient solution is 3-4ms·cm -1 ; During the harvest period, the EC value of the nutrient solution is 4-5 ms·cm -1 The use of this cultivation method to grow cherry tomatoes can significantly increase the yield of cherry tomatoes and improve the quality and taste of cherry tomato fruits, solving the problem of obtaining high-quality tomatoes at the expense of the yield of cherry tomatoes in the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of soilless cultivation of tomatoes in a greenhouse according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the pruning and vine hanging method and fertilization and irrigation of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention provides a method for cultivating cherry tomatoes, comprising the following steps:

[0028] (1) Take tomato cherry seedlings 50 to 60 days old and plant them in the cultivation medium;

[0029] (2) After cherry tomatoes are planted, the main trunk of the plant is used as the first fruiting branch, and the strong first side branch under the first inflorescence is used as the second fruiting branch;

[0030] (3) After cherry tomatoes are planted, nutrient solution is drip-irrigated. At different growth stages of cherry tomatoes, nutrient solution with different EC values ​​is drip-irrigated. Specifically:

[0031] During the seedling and flowering stages, the EC value of the nutrient solution is 1.4-1.6 ms·cm -1 ;

[0032] During the fruiting period, the EC value of the nutrient solution is 3-4 ms·cm -1 ;

[0033] At the harvest stage, the EC value of the nutrient solution is 4-5 ms·cm -1 ;

[0034] The nutrient solutions with different EC values ​​are prepared by diluting a nutrient solution mother solution; the nutrient solution mother solution comprises components of the following concentrations: 0.9-1.1 g / L calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 0.4-0.45 g / L potassium nitrate, 0.18-0.23 g / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.03-0.04 g / L ammonium sulfate, 0.4-0.46 g / L magnesium nitrate hexahydrate, 0.25-0.35 g / L potassium sulfate, 6-7 mg / L sodium ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 1.5-2 mg / L manganese sulfate monohydrate, 1-2 mg / L zinc sulfate monohydrate, 1-1.5 mg / L sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 0.17-0.22 mg / L copper sulfate pentahydrate, and 0.15-0.22 mg / L sodium molybdate dihydrate.

[0035] (4) Cherry tomatoes are harvested when the color of the fruits changes by ≥90%.

[0036] The present invention first disinfects the seeds of cherry tomatoes, and the specific operation is: soaking the seeds of cherry tomatoes in clean water for 2 to 3 hours, more preferably 2.5 hours; draining the water after soaking, and then soaking in trisodium phosphate solution or potassium permanganate solution, the mass concentration of the trisodium phosphate solution is 8 to 12%, more preferably 9 to 11%, more preferably 10%; the mass concentration of the potassium permanganate solution is 0.08 to 0.12%, more preferably 0.09 to 0.11%, more preferably 0.1%; the soaking time is 17 to 23 minutes, more preferably 19 to 21 minutes, more preferably 20 minutes; the purpose is to prevent and control tomato mosaic virus and early blight.

[0037] The present invention places the sterilized seeds in warm water for germination, and continuously stirs the seeds during germination to heat the seeds evenly to prevent scalding. The temperature of the warm water is 50-60°C, more preferably 52-58°C, and more preferably 55°C. The soaking time is 15-20 minutes, more preferably 17-19 minutes, and more preferably 18 minutes.

[0038] The present invention rinses the seeds after soaking in warm water, then wraps them in clean gauze or spreads them on filter paper, puts them in a culture dish, adds a small amount of water to wet the gauze or filter paper, covers the culture dish with a lid, and performs germination, wherein the germination temperature is 28 to 30° C., more preferably 28.5 to 29.5° C., and more preferably 29° C.; the germination is preferably performed in a culture box away from light, during which the lid is opened daily for ventilation and water is added to keep the gauze or filter paper moist until germination. Generally, germination takes 2 to 3 days, and the seeds can be sown after they turn white.

[0039] The present invention sows the whitened seeds and performs matrix seedling cultivation, wherein the sowing depth is 0.5-1 cm, more preferably 0.6-0.9 cm, and more preferably 0.8 cm; the matrix seedling cultivation is preferably carried out in a plug tray, wherein the number of holes in the plug tray is 50 holes or 72 holes, and after sowing, the seedling cultivation matrix is ​​soaked thoroughly, and water is deemed to overflow from the drainage holes of the plug tray. A layer of newspaper or film is then covered on the plug tray to keep moisture, and the newspaper or film can be uncovered when more than 60% of the seedlings emerge from the seedling tray.

[0040] During the seedling stage of cherry tomatoes in plug trays, maintain a daytime temperature of 24-26°C, preferably 24.5-25.5°C, and more preferably 25°C; the nighttime temperature is 16-18°C, preferably 16.5-17.5°C, and more preferably 17°C. Ventilate during the day to reduce air humidity. Consider the seedling conditions, substrate humidity, and external environment, and replenish water in time, with the substrate soaked each time; transplant seedlings in time when the cotyledons are flat. Spray a fungicide during the seedling stage of cherry tomatoes, the fungicide is thiophanate-methyl, carbendazim, or Bordeaux mixture, the spraying frequency of the fungicide is 10-15 days / time, preferably 11-14 days / time, and more preferably 13 days / time; the dilution multiple of the fungicide is 700-900 times, preferably 750-850 times, and more preferably 800 times. If aphids and whiteflies occur, deltamethrin is used to fumigate or yellow boards are used to lure aphids. The concentration of deltamethrin is 0.8-1.2%, more preferably 0.9-1.1%, and more preferably 1%.

[0041] When the seedlings are 50 to 60 days old and have grown 6 to 7 true leaves, select seedlings with a plant height of 18 to 20 cm, a stem thickness of 4 to 5 mm, dark green leaves, a developed root system, and no pests and diseases and transplant them into a cultivation medium, wherein the cultivation medium is coconut bran, and the seedlings are preferably transplanted into a coconut bran cultivation trough. The substrate in the cultivation trough is leveled one day before transplanting, and the substrate is dripped with clean water. The transplanting is preferably carried out after the high temperature period in the afternoon, in order to facilitate the seedlings to grow slowly. After transplanting, sufficient nutrient solution is poured in time to promote the development of the root system.

[0042] The nutrient solution mother solution comprises components of the following concentrations: 0.9-1.1 g / L calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 0.4-0.45 g / L potassium nitrate, 0.18-0.23 g / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.03-0.04 g / L ammonium sulfate, 0.4-0.46 g / L magnesium nitrate hexahydrate, 0.25-0.35 g / L potassium sulfate, 6-7 mg / L sodium ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 1.5-2 mg / L manganese sulfate monohydrate, 1-2 mg / L zinc sulfate monohydrate, 1-1.5 mg / L sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 0.17-0.22 mg / L copper sulfate pentahydrate, and 0.15-0.25 mg / L sodium molybdate dihydrate;

[0043] The concentration of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate is further preferably 0.95 to 1.05 g / L, more preferably 1.09 g / L;

[0044] The concentration of potassium nitrate is further preferably 0.42 to 1.44 g / L, more preferably 0.43 g / L;

[0045] The concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is further preferably 0.19 to 0.22 g / L, more preferably 0.205 g / L;

[0046] The concentration of ammonium sulfate is further preferably 0.032 to 0.035 g / L, more preferably 0.033 g / L;

[0047] The concentration of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate is further preferably 0.42 to 0.44 g / L, more preferably 0.43 g / L;

[0048] The concentration of potassium sulfate is further preferably 0.28 to 0.32 g / L, more preferably 0.305 g / L;

[0049] The concentration of sodium ferric EDTA is further preferably 6.2 to 6.6 mg / L, more preferably 6.4 mg / L;

[0050] The concentration of manganese sulfate monohydrate is further preferably 1.6 to 1.9 mg / L, more preferably 1.7 mg / L;

[0051] The concentration of zinc sulfate monohydrate is further preferably 1.3 to 1.7 mg / L, more preferably 1.5 mg / L;

[0052] The concentration of sodium octaborate tetrahydrate is further preferably 1.2 to 1.4 mg / L, more preferably 1.3 mg / L;

[0053] The concentration of copper sulfate pentahydrate is further preferably 0.18 to 0.21 mg / L, more preferably 0.19 mg / L;

[0054] The concentration of sodium molybdate dihydrate is more preferably 0.17 to 0.22 mg / L, and more preferably 0.2 mg / L.

[0055] Cherry tomatoes were drip-irrigated with nutrient solutions of different concentrations at different growth stages. The nutrient solutions of different concentrations were diluted from the nutrient mother solution. During the seedling stage and flowering stage (from planting to the opening of the third ear of flowers), the EC value of the drip irrigation nutrient solution was 1.4-1.6ms·cm -1 , more preferably 1.45 to 1.55 ms·cm -1 , more preferably 1.5 ms·cm -1 During the fruiting period (from the third ear of flowers opening to the first ear of fruits turning white), the EC value of the drip irrigation nutrient solution is 3-4.5ms·cm -1, more preferably 3.3 to 3.7 ms·cm -1 , more preferably 3.5 ms·cm -1 ; During the harvest period (from the first ear of fruit turning white to the end of harvesting), the EC value of the drip irrigation nutrient solution is 4-5ms·cm -1 , more preferably 4.2 to 4.7 ms·cm -1 , more preferably 4.5 ms·cm -1 .

[0056] The present invention drips sufficient nutrient solution after planting, and after the seedling acclimatization period, waters the nutrient solution through the water-fertilizer integrated system with the light intensity and substrate humidity as thresholds for watering. The watering is started by the light sensor and the humidity sensor, and the irrigation is started when the substrate humidity measured by the probe is below 60% and the light intensity exceeds 50,000 lux; the daily dripping amount is 40-2000 mL / plant, specifically in the seedling stage: 40-100 mL / plant, more preferably 50 mL / plant; flowering stage: 200-600 mL / plant, more preferably 400 mL / plant; fruiting stage: 700-1200 mL / plant, more preferably 1000 mL / plant; harvesting stage: 1300-2000 mL / plant, more preferably 1500 mL / plant.

[0057] Temperature management: During the seedling hardening period, the daytime temperature is maintained at 25-30℃, further preferably at 27-29℃, and more preferably at 28℃; the nighttime temperature is 14-16℃, further preferably at 14.5-15.5℃, and more preferably at 15℃; after the seedling hardening period, the daytime temperature is 25-28℃, further preferably at 26-27℃, and more preferably at 26.5℃; the nighttime temperature is 16-20℃, further preferably at 17-19℃, and more preferably at 18℃; the daytime temperature during the fruiting period is 22-28℃, further preferably at 24-26℃, and more preferably at 25℃; the temperature of overwintering tomatoes is around 30℃ during the day, and the temperature is kept above 10℃ at night. The planting of cherry tomatoes of the present invention is divided into two crops, autumn and winter crops and winter and spring crops; the autumn and winter crops are generally sown and seedlings are raised in early to mid-August, field-planted in late September to early October, and harvested from late December to early February of the following year; the winter and spring crops are generally sown and seedlings are raised in mid-to-late December, field-planted in mid-to-late February of the following year, and harvested from mid-May to mid-July.

[0058] Light management: When there is sufficient sunlight at noon and the temperature exceeds 35°C, cover the area with a sunshade net to provide shading, with a shading rate of 45-50%, preferably 47-49%, and more preferably 48%; if there is continuous rainy / snowy weather, increase the light through artificial lighting.

[0059] Humidity management: air humidity is 50-60%, more preferably 52-58%, more preferably 55%; substrate humidity is maintained at 70-80%, more preferably 73-77%, more preferably 75%.

[0060] Plant management: Double-trunk pruning, select two main fruiting branches, with the main trunk as the first main fruiting branch; generally select the first strong side branch under the first inflorescence as the second main fruiting branch. Hang vines, tie one end of the vine rope to the wire, and tie the other end to the base of the pole through a noose or tomato clip, let the plant grow along the vine rope, wrap it around once, and remove 5-8cm side buds in the morning on a sunny day to facilitate wound healing. In the middle and late stages of plant growth, remove old leaves in time to reduce nutrient consumption.

[0061] Pollination and fruit thinning: Tomatoes are self-pollinating plants. Bumblebee pollination is preferred for growing cherry tomatoes in greenhouses. During pollination, the indoor temperature is controlled at 20-32°C, more preferably 25-28°C, and more preferably 26°C. The humidity is controlled at 50-80%, more preferably 60-70%, and more preferably 65% ​​to facilitate bee colony activities. If bumblebees leave bite marks on 70% of the flowers, it means that the pollination effect is good and fruit thinning is not required in principle.

[0062] Fruit harvesting: The fruit can be harvested when 90% of its surface color has changed. The best time to harvest is in the morning. The fruit should be kept away from direct sunlight after harvesting. It should be placed in a cool place or packed immediately after harvesting.

[0063] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0064] The embodiment of the present invention selects cherry tomatoes "Busan 88" which are popular among consumers in Shandong and North China. The plant is of unlimited growth type, medium maturity, strong growth potential, strong resistance, heart-shaped fruits, red fruits, good hardness, and resistance to storage and transportation. The fruits can be harvested individually or in clusters.

[0065] Example 1

[0066] 1. Seed germination

[0067] Soak the seeds in clean water for 2 hours, then sterilize them in 10% trisodium phosphate solution for 20 minutes. Soak the sterilized seeds in warm water for 15 minutes, then spread them on soaked filter paper, and germinate them in a 30℃ incubator away from light. Sow the seeds after 3 days when they turn white.

[0068] 2. Sowing, seedling raising and management

[0069] Sow the white seeds in a 50-hole plug tray at a depth of 0.5 cm, soak the seedling medium, cover the plug tray with a layer of newspaper to keep moisture, and uncover the newspaper when more than 60% of the seedlings have emerged. Keep the day temperature at 20-25℃ and the night temperature at 15-18℃ during the seedling stage. Ventilate and reduce humidity during the day, pay attention to timely watering, and soak the medium each time. Spray thiophanate-methyl, carbendazim or 800 times Bordeaux liquid every 10 days to prevent damping-off, damping-off and early blight. If aphids and whiteflies occur, use 1% deltamethrin to apply smoke or use yellow boards to lure aphids.

[0070] 3. Planting and environmental management

[0071] The day before planting, level the coconut bran substrate in the ground planting trough, and then drip the substrate with clean water. The next day, select tomatoes with a seedling age of 55 to 60 days, 6 to 7 true leaves, 18 to 20 cm plant height, 4 to 5 mm stem thickness, and no pests and diseases to plant the seedlings after the high temperature period in the afternoon. After planting, water the nutrient solution in time. The ground planting trough used is 8.2m long and 0.4m wide. The planting trough is made of 2cm thick foam boards on three sides, and a drainage hole is left at the south end of the planting trough. A layer of PVC film is laid on the board, and filled with 20cm thick pure coconut bran substrate. 40 tomatoes are planted in each trough, with a spacing of 20cm.

[0072] During the seedling stage, the temperature is 25-30℃ during the day and 14-16℃ at night; during the seedling stage after the seedling stage, the temperature is 25-28℃ during the day and 16-20℃ at night; during the fruiting stage, the temperature is 22-28℃ during the day and 18-22℃ at night; during the wintering period, the temperature is about 30℃ during the day and above 10℃ at night. When there is sufficient sunlight at noon and the temperature exceeds 35℃, use a shade net to shade and cool down, so that the shading rate is 45%; in case of continuous rainy / snowy weather, increase the light through artificial light supplement. Keep the air humidity at 50-60% and the substrate humidity at 70-80%.

[0073] 4. Nutrient solution management

[0074] The nutrient solution is obtained by diluting a nutrient mother solution, which contains components in the following concentrations: 1.09 kg of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 0.43 kg of potassium nitrate, 0.205 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.033 kg of ammonium sulfate, 0.43 kg of magnesium nitrate hexahydrate, 0.305 kg of potassium sulfate, 6.4 g of sodium ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 1.7 g of manganese sulfate monohydrate, 1.5 g of zinc sulfate monohydrate, 1.3 g of sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 0.2 g of copper sulfate pentahydrate, and 0.2 g of sodium molybdate dihydrate.

[0075] During the seedling and flowering stages (from planting to the third panicle opening), the EC value of the drip irrigation nutrient solution is 1.5ms·cm -1 During the fruiting period (from the third ear of flowers opening to the first ear of fruits turning white), the EC value of the drip irrigation nutrient solution was 3.0ms·cm -1; Harvest period (from the first ear of fruit turning white to the end of harvest), the EC value of the drip irrigation nutrient solution is 4.5ms·cm -1 The nutrient solution is watered through the integrated water-fertilizer system with light intensity and substrate humidity as the threshold. The watering is controlled by the light sensor and humidity sensor. Irrigation is started when the substrate humidity measured by the probe is below 60% and the light intensity exceeds 50,000 lux; the daily drip amount is 40-100mL / plant in the seedling stage, 200-600mL / plant in the flowering stage, 700-1200mL / plant in the fruiting stage, and 1300-2000mL / plant in the harvesting stage.

[0076] 5. Plant and flower and fruit management

[0077] Double-trunk pruning, with the main trunk as the first fruiting branch, and the first strong side branch under the first inflorescence as the second fruiting branch. Use a vine hanging rope with one end tied to the wire and the other end tied to the base of the pole through a tomato clip for hanging vines. Lay two drip irrigation belts on both sides of the plant, with a drip hole spacing of 20cm. Each plant is fertilized and irrigated through two drip holes.

[0078] During the growth of the plant, timely wind the vines, remove the side buds, and knock off the old and diseased leaves. Use bumblebees for pollination, pay attention to controlling the temperature of the greenhouse between 20 and 32 degrees Celsius, and the humidity between 50 and 80% to promote the activity of bumblebees. Bumblebees leave bite marks on 70% of the flowers, indicating that the pollination effect is good. During the flowering and fruiting period, each fruiting main branch naturally leaves fruit, and there is no need to thin out the flowers and fruits. Fruits with diseases, insects, and injuries can be removed in time.

[0079] 6. Fruit harvesting

[0080] The fruit is harvested when 90% of its surface color has changed. It should be harvested on a sunny morning and the harvested fruit should be placed in a cool place or packed immediately.

[0081] Example 2

[0082] Different from Example 1, the EC value of the drip irrigation nutrient solution of cherry tomatoes in Example 2 during the fruiting period is 4.0 ms·cm -1 .

[0083] Comparative Example 1

[0084] Different from Example 1, the EC value of the drip irrigation nutrient solution of cherry tomatoes in Comparative Example 1 during the seedling and flowering stages was 3.0 ms·cm -1 ; The EC value of the drip irrigation nutrient solution during the fruiting period is 3.0ms·cm -1 ; The EC value of drip irrigation nutrient solution during harvest period is 3.0ms·cm -1 .

[0085] Comparative Example 2

[0086] Different from Example 1, the EC value of the drip irrigation nutrient solution of cherry tomatoes in Comparative Example 2 was 3.0 ms·cm during the seedling and flowering stages. -1 ; The EC value of the drip irrigation nutrient solution during the fruiting period is 3.0ms·cm -1 ; The EC value of drip irrigation nutrient solution during harvest period is 3.0ms·cm -1 .

[0087] Comparative Example 3

[0088] Different from Example 1, the EC value of the drip irrigation nutrient solution of cherry tomatoes in Comparative Example 3 during the seedling and flowering stages was 1.5 ms·cm -1 ; The EC value of the drip irrigation nutrient solution during the fruiting period is 1.5ms·cm -1 ; The EC value of drip irrigation nutrient solution during harvest period is 3.0ms·cm -1 .

[0089] Experimental Example 1

[0090] This case was conducted in the solar greenhouse of the pilot base of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Nankou Town, Changping District, Beijing from 2021 to 2022. The experiments were treated with nutrient solution according to Examples 1 to 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, with 3 repetitions for each group and random block arrangement.

[0091] After planting, nutrient solution was irrigated through the integrated water-fertilizer system (with light intensity and substrate humidity as thresholds), with a daily drip rate of 40 mL / plant to 2000 mL / plant. The EC value and pH of the drip irrigation nutrient solution for cherry tomatoes at different growth stages are shown in Table 1.

[0092] Table 1 Nutrient solution concentration treatments of different groups at different growth stages of cherry tomatoes

[0093]

[0094]

[0095] During the seedling stage, flowering stage, fruiting stage and harvest stage of cherry tomatoes, the plant height of each group of cherry tomatoes was measured, and the number of leaves of cherry tomatoes was counted. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0096] Table 2 Effects of different groups on the growth of cherry tomato plants

[0097]

[0098] As can be seen from Table 3, at the end of the seedling stage and flowering stage of the cherry tomato plants, the plant height and the number of leaves of the cherry tomatoes in Example 1 and Example 2 were not significantly different from those in the control example, but in the fruiting stage and harvest stage, the plant height and the number of leaves of the cherry tomatoes in Example 1 and Example 2 were significantly higher than those in the control example, indicating that the nutrient solution drip irrigation concentration of the present invention can promote the growth of cherry tomato plants.

[0099] During the fruiting period of cherry tomatoes, the leaf chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate of each group of cherry tomatoes were measured. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0100] Table 3 Effects of different treatments on photosynthesis of cherry tomato leaves

[0101]

[0102]

[0103] As shown in Table 3, the chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate of Example 1 and Example 2 are higher than those of the comparative example.

[0104] After the cherry tomatoes were harvested, the yield per plant, single fruit weight, soluble solids content, titrated acidity of each group of cherry tomatoes were counted, and the sugar-acid ratio was calculated. The results are shown in Table 4.

[0105] Table 4 Effects of different treatments on cherry tomato fruit yield and quality

[0106]

[0107] As can be seen from Table 4, the yield per plant, single fruit weight, soluble solids and sugar-acid ratio of cherry tomatoes in Example 1 and Example 2 are higher than those in the control example, indicating that the drip irrigation concentration of the nutrient solution of the present invention can significantly increase the yield of cherry tomatoes and improve the quality and taste of cherry tomato fruits.

[0108] It can be seen from the above embodiments that the present invention provides a method for cultivating cherry tomatoes, which can promote the growth of tomato plants, significantly increase the yield of cherry tomatoes, and improve the quality and taste of cherry tomato fruits.

[0109] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating cherry tomatoes, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Take tomato cherry seedlings 50 to 60 days old and plant them in the cultivation medium; (2) After the cherry tomato seedlings are planted, the main trunk of the plant is used as the first fruiting branch, and the strong first side branch under the first inflorescence is retained as the second fruiting branch; (3) After cherry tomatoes are planted, nutrient solution is drip-irrigated. At different growth stages of cherry tomatoes, nutrient solution with different EC values ​​is drip-irrigated. Specifically: During the seedling and flowering stages, the EC value of the nutrient solution is 1.4-1.6 ms·cm -1 ; During the fruiting period, the EC value of the nutrient solution is 3-4 ms·cm -1 ; At the harvest stage, the EC value of the nutrient solution is 4-5 ms·cm -1 ; The nutrient solutions with different EC values ​​are prepared by diluting a nutrient solution mother solution; the nutrient solution mother solution comprises components of the following concentrations: 0.9-1.1 g / L calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 0.4-0.45 g / L potassium nitrate, 0.18-0.23 g / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.03-0.04 g / L ammonium sulfate, 0.4-0.46 g / L magnesium nitrate hexahydrate, 0.25-0.35 g / L potassium sulfate, 6-7 mg / L sodium ferric ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 1.5-2 mg / L manganese sulfate monohydrate, 1-2 mg / L zinc sulfate monohydrate, 1-1.5 mg / L sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 0.17-0.22 mg / L copper sulfate pentahydrate, and 0.15-0.25 mg / L sodium molybdate dihydrate; (4) Cherry tomatoes are harvested when the color of the fruits changes by ≥90%.

2. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that The nutrient drip irrigation amount is 40 to 2000 mL / plant / day.

3. The cultivation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: During the cherry tomato seedling hardening period, the daytime temperature is 25-30℃, and the nighttime temperature is 14-16℃; after the seedling hardening period, the daytime temperature is 22-28℃, and the nighttime temperature is 18-22℃; during the cherry tomato fruiting period, the daytime temperature is 22-28℃, and the nighttime temperature is 18-22℃.

4. The cultivation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: During the pollination period of cherry tomatoes, the temperature should be controlled at 20-32°C and the humidity at 50-80%.

5. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cultivation medium comprises coconut husk.

6. The cultivation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: During the cultivation period, when the temperature exceeds 35°C, shading is performed with a shading rate of 45 to 50%.

7. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tomato cherry seedlings have 6 to 7 true leaves, a plant height of 18 to 20 cm, and a stem thickness of 4 to 5 mm.

8. The cultivation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: Spray the cherry tomatoes with a fungicide at the seedling stage, wherein the fungicide is thiophanate-methyl, carbendazim or Bordeaux mixture.

9. The cultivation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The spraying frequency of the fungicide is 10 to 15 days per time; the dilution multiple of the fungicide is 700 to 900 times.

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