Collection and treatment system for waste gas generated in special fatty amine treatment process

Abstract

The invention discloses a collection and treatment system for waste gas generated in a special fatty amine treatment process, and relates to the technical field of fatty amine waste gas treatment, the system comprises a waste gas collection unit, a waste gas treatment unit, a heat energy recovery unit, a heat energy utilization unit and a system design and control unit, the waste gas collecting unit is used for collecting waste gas, including but not limited to volatile organic compounds of ammonia, monomethylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, hydrogen and trace methanol, generated in the production process of special fatty amine, and is provided with a pipeline and a fan, so that the waste gas is efficiently and safely conveyed to the subsequent waste gas treatment unit; by integrating the heat energy recovery technology, heat energy carried by waste gas in the special fatty amine production process is effectively captured and recovered and reused in the production process, energy waste is reduced, the overall energy utilization efficiency is improved, energy is saved, the production cost is reduced, and the influence on the environment is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fatty amine waste gas treatment, in particular to a system for collecting and treating waste gas generated in the process of special fatty amine treatment. Background Art

[0002] As an important chemical raw material, special fatty amines will produce a large amount of waste gas during the production process. These waste gases not only contain volatile organic compounds such as ammonia, monomethylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, hydrogen and trace amounts of methanol, but also contain rich thermal energy. However, there are many problems in the current special fatty amine waste gas treatment technology.

[0003] On the one hand, traditional systems do not pay enough attention to the recovery and utilization of heat energy in exhaust gas, and often directly discharge exhaust gas into the atmosphere, resulting in a large amount of heat energy being wasted. At the same time, some heat recovery equipment is inefficient and cannot fully recover the heat energy in the exhaust gas, resulting in low energy utilization.

[0004] On the other hand, during the heat recovery process, the waste gas treatment effect is not good, and the discharged waste gas still causes great pollution to the environment. In addition, the existing heat recovery system lacks effective control and monitoring means, and it is difficult to automatically adjust the operating status according to actual needs, thus affecting the heat recovery efficiency and waste gas treatment effect.

[0005] In summary, the traditional special fatty amine waste gas treatment technology has obvious defects in treatment efficiency and energy utilization, which seriously restricts the overall energy efficiency improvement and environmental friendliness of the production process. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a special fatty amine treatment waste gas collection and treatment system that can integrate high-efficiency heat recovery function, which is of great significance to promoting the sustainable development of the special fatty amine production industry. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to make up for the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a system for collecting and treating waste gas generated during the treatment of special fatty amines. It can integrate a heat recovery unit and transfer the heat energy in the waste gas to a heat carrier while treating the waste gas, thereby realizing heat energy recovery. This not only reduces the direct waste of energy, but also improves the efficiency of resource utilization, saving energy costs for enterprises.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a system for collecting and treating waste gas generated during the treatment of special fatty amines, characterized in that the system comprises: a waste gas collection unit, a waste gas treatment unit, a heat recovery unit, a heat energy utilization unit, and a system design and control unit; The waste gas collection unit is used to collect waste gas generated during the production of special fatty amines, including volatile organic compounds such as ammonia, monomethylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, hydrogen and trace amounts of methanol. The unit is equipped with pipes and fans to efficiently and safely transport the waste gas to the subsequent waste gas treatment unit; The waste gas treatment unit is composed of an adsorption device, a condensation device and a photocatalytic oxidation device. The adsorption device is filled with a high-efficiency adsorbent, namely activated carbon and molecular sieve, for physically adsorbing volatile organic pollutants in the waste gas. The condensation device uses a cooling medium to reduce the temperature of the waste gas, condenses the steam into a liquid state, and thus recovers useful substances in the waste gas. The photocatalytic oxidation device uses a photocatalyst, titanium dioxide, to generate a strong oxidizing active species, hydroxyl free radicals, to further oxidize and decompose the residual organic pollutants in the waste gas that are difficult to be adsorbed and condensed, and convert them into harmless carbon dioxide and water. The heat recovery unit is composed of a plurality of heat exchange tubes arranged in parallel. The heat energy in the exhaust gas is transferred to the heat carrier flowing through the tube through the wall of the heat exchange tube. The exhaust gas is collected from the exhaust gas collection unit and enters the heat recovery unit. The heat exchange is performed with the heat carrier through the heat exchange tube to transfer the heat energy in the exhaust gas to the heat carrier. The heat recovery unit is arranged after the condenser and utilizes the heat released during the condensation process. It includes a heat exchanger and a heat energy storage device. The heat exchanger is designed as a high-efficiency heat exchange structure, i.e., a spiral tube. The heat carrier flows in the heat exchange tube and absorbs the heat energy in the exhaust gas. Its temperature gradually increases to increase the heat exchange area. The condensed steam exchanges heat with the absorption liquid to be preheated and the production water in the heat exchanger to achieve effective recovery of heat energy. The recovered heat energy is stored in the heat energy storage device. The heat energy storage device is connected to the heat exchanger and is used to store the heat energy recovered from the exhaust gas flow for use in subsequent process links, wherein: The heat recovery unit uses the heat exchanger design to determine the design parameters of the heat exchanger, including the expected heat recovery amount, the temperature and flow rate of the exhaust gas, the type and characteristics of the heat carrier, and calculates the required heat exchange area according to the heat recovery requirements and the characteristics of the heat carrier, that is, , , and is the heat exchange amount between the heat carrier and the exhaust gas, and represent the mass flow rates of exhaust gas and heat carrier respectively, and represent the specific heat capacity of exhaust gas and heat carrier respectively, , , and Represent the inlet and outlet temperatures of the exhaust gas and heat carrier respectively. According to the characteristics of heat recovery and heat carrier, the required heat exchange area is calculated by controlling the flow rate and temperature change of the exhaust gas and heat carrier, that is, , is the heat exchange area, is the heat exchange capacity, is the overall heat transfer coefficient, is the logarithmic mean temperature difference. At the same time, the size of the heat exchanger is designed according to the chemical properties of the exhaust gas and the heat carrier, and the flow channels of the exhaust gas and the heat carrier are designed to enable efficient heat exchange mode switching between counterflow and crossflow, thereby maximizing the heat energy transfer rate;

[0008] The heat recovery unit uses a heat exchange efficiency algorithm to evaluate the performance index of the heat exchanger, calculates the average temperature difference between the two fluids in the heat exchanger, namely, the exhaust gas and the heat carrier, which is a key parameter for calculating the heat transfer area and heat transfer rate of the heat exchanger. By determining the inlet and outlet temperatures of the exhaust gas and the heat carrier, these temperature values ​​are used to calculate the logarithmic mean temperature difference LMTD, that is, , is the exhaust gas inlet temperature, is the exhaust gas outlet temperature, is the outlet temperature of the heat carrier, is the inlet temperature of the heat carrier, calculated by calculating the logarithmic mean temperature difference , evaluate the performance indicators of the heat exchanger, and then determine the heat transfer area and heat transfer rate of the heat exchanger to meet the needs of heat energy recovery; The heat energy utilization unit includes a heat energy conversion device and a heat energy distribution system. The heat energy conversion device converts the heat energy in the heat carrier into a usable heat energy form, i.e., hot air, hot water and steam, according to the heat energy demand in the production process of the special fatty amine. The heat energy distribution system consists of pipes, valves and heat exchangers to effectively transport the converted heat energy to various links in the production process. The system design and control unit adopts automatic control, including time control and outlet detection control. According to the real-time data of exhaust gas emissions, the system operation status is automatically adjusted to ensure the optimization of exhaust gas treatment effect and heat recovery efficiency. At the same time, the system has a remote data connection function, which can be monitored in real time and remotely operated.

[0009] Furthermore, the adsorption device of the exhaust gas treatment unit adopts a three-tower design, namely, columns A, B, and C, to realize a cyclic working mode of double-tower series adsorption and one-tower desorption. After pretreatment, the exhaust gas is adsorbed by adsorber AB. When any adsorber reaches saturation, the system automatically switches to another group of adsorbers to work, and replaces the saturated adsorber with nitrogen and desorbs low-pressure steam. The steam generated during the desorption process is condensed through the condenser, and the condensate enters the oil-water separator for oil-water separation, and the non-condensable gas returns to the front end of the system for re-adsorption.

[0010] Furthermore, the waste gas treatment unit uses low-pressure steam to regenerate the adsorption material after it reaches saturation, desorbs the adsorbed organic matter, and the heat generated during the steam regeneration process is recovered through a heat exchanger and used to preheat the waste gas to be treated, thereby realizing energy recycling. The desorbed organic vapor is condensed into liquid through a condensing device and collected in a condensate receiving tank. The condensate can be transported and recycled by a pump. At the same time, after the steam regeneration is completed, the adsorption tower is cooled by spraying water, and the spraying water is collected in a circulating water storage tank and can be recycled. When the adsorption tower is cooled to the set temperature, nitrogen purge is turned on to blow the adsorption material to a surface dry state, and at the same time, the air in the system is replaced to prepare for the next adsorption.

[0011] Furthermore, the heat energy conversion device of the heat energy utilization unit is connected to the heat energy storage device to convert the stored heat energy into usable energy. The heat carrier carries the heat energy from the heat energy recovery unit to the heat energy utilization unit. The heat energy in the heat carrier is converted into hot air, hot water and steam by the heat energy conversion device. The converted heat energy is distributed to different use points according to production needs through the heat energy distribution system. The monitoring system monitors the output and distribution of heat energy in real time to ensure the effective utilization of heat energy. At the same time, based on the specific heat capacity of the material and temperature changes To determine the heat load of the material, that is, the heat absorbed and released by the material when it changes from one temperature state to another during the production process, and calculate the heat energy required to provide these heat loads, that is, , is the material temperature change, is the specific heat capacity of the material, m is the mass of the material, It is the heat energy demand. The amount of heat energy required for each production link is determined based on calculations, and linear programming is used to ensure the efficient allocation and utilization of heat energy.

[0012] Furthermore, the heat energy utilization unit smoothes the historical heat energy demand data to predict the future heat energy demand trend, thereby optimizing the distribution and storage of heat energy. The operation process is as follows: Heat demand forecast: By smoothing the historical heat demand data, it is used to predict future heat demand, so as to adjust the heat production and distribution plan in advance. For the historical heat demand data series: is the heat energy demand data for each period, The first heat energy demand index smoothing value of the period is , No. The second heat energy demand index smoothing value is , initially: , then for The first heat energy demand index smoothing value of the period is , the second time is ,in , Indicates The actual heat energy demand value of the period is The first and second heat energy demand index smoothing values ​​of the period are used to predict the future t+ Heat demand during the period ,in, represents an estimate of the current trend, Represents the adjustment to the trend, i.e. Change in heat energy demand during the period; Thermal energy storage strategies: based on predicted thermal energy demand , set the threshold and , for forecasted demand exceeding , decide to fill the thermal energy storage device, for the forecast demand below , deciding to discharge the thermal energy storage device; System performance monitoring: Identify abnormal fluctuations by calculating the deviation of actual performance indicators of thermal energy conversion and distribution systems from expected performance indicators.

[0013] Furthermore, the specific steps of the system design and control unit are: Data collection: sensors are used to collect real-time information on key parameters such as exhaust gas emissions, temperature, pressure and flow, as well as the temperature and pressure of the heat carrier in the heat recovery unit and the heat energy distribution of the heat utilization unit; Real-time monitoring: Continuously monitor the system operation status, including exhaust gas treatment efficiency, heat recovery rate, heat conversion efficiency and heat distribution, to ensure that the system operates in a safe and efficient state; Automatic control: Automatically adjust the system's operating time and parameters according to the production cycle and exhaust emission mode, i.e. the time to start the exhaust treatment unit and the working cycle of the heat recovery unit; Outlet detection control: By monitoring the outlet emissions of the exhaust gas treatment unit, the working status of the adsorption device and the condensation device are automatically adjusted to ensure that the exhaust gas treatment meets the standards; Intelligent optimization: Optimize system parameters based on historical data and real-time feedback, i.e. heat carrier flow and temperature control of the heat recovery unit, and heat energy allocation strategy of the heat utilization unit; Remote operation and monitoring: Through network connection, remote data access, system status monitoring and remote control are realized to facilitate maintenance and troubleshooting.

[0014] Furthermore, the system design and control unit adopts automated control, including time control and outlet detection control, and automatically adjusts the system operating status according to the real-time data of exhaust emissions. A three-tower design is adopted, with two towers for adsorption and one tower for regeneration, to achieve continuous operation without human intervention. The system can automatically switch the adsorption tower according to the exhaust gas concentration monitored online.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the system for collecting and treating waste gas generated during the treatment of special fatty amines has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention integrates heat recovery technology to effectively capture and recover the heat energy carried by the waste gas in the production process of special fatty amines, and reuses it in the production process, which not only reduces energy waste, but also improves the overall energy utilization efficiency, helps to save energy, reduce production costs, and reduce the impact on the environment.

[0016] 2. The waste gas treatment unit of the present invention adds a photocatalytic oxidation device, which can further oxidize and decompose the residual organic pollutants in the waste gas that are difficult to be adsorbed and condensed and removed into harmless substances, greatly improving the waste gas treatment effect and reducing pollution to the environment.

[0017] 3. The heat energy utilization unit of the present invention can convert the recovered heat energy into heat energy forms that can be directly utilized such as hot air, hot water and steam, and distribute it according to production needs, thereby reducing the external energy demand in the production process and improving the overall energy utilization efficiency, which is conducive to the enterprise to achieve green production and enhance environmental friendliness.

[0018] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be set forth in part in the following description and, in part, will be apparent to those skilled in the art based on an examination of the following or may be taught from the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 The present invention is an operation flow chart of a system for collecting and treating waste gas generated during the treatment of special fatty amines.

[0021] Figure 2 The present invention is a structural composition diagram of a system for collecting and treating waste gas generated during the treatment of special fatty amines. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Embodiment 1

[0024] The present embodiment provides a system for collecting and treating waste gas generated during the treatment of special fatty amines. Through the synergistic effect of a heat recovery unit and a heat utilization unit, the system can fully recover the heat energy in the waste gas and convert it into a usable form of heat energy, which can be reused in the production process of fatty amines, thereby avoiding the energy waste caused by the direct discharge of waste gas by traditional treatment systems.

[0025] In the specific implementation, the exhaust gas is first guided to the exhaust gas collection unit through a series of pipes and fans. The exhaust gas contains volatile organic compounds such as ammonia, monomethylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, hydrogen and trace methanol. The pipeline design takes into account the principles of fluid mechanics to ensure smooth flow of exhaust gas and avoid additional pressure loss caused by turbulence. The fan is selected based on the volume flow rate of the exhaust gas and the system resistance to ensure that the exhaust gas can be efficiently sucked. After the exhaust gas enters the collection unit, it is first pretreated to remove possible solid particles and impurities to prevent blockage of subsequent processing equipment.

[0026] Then, after the exhaust gas enters the exhaust gas treatment unit, it passes through the adsorption device with a three-tower design. Towers A and B are connected in series for adsorption, and tower C is in a desorption state. When the exhaust gas passes through adsorber AB, the high-efficiency adsorbents such as activated carbon and molecular sieve filled in it will physically adsorb the volatile organic pollutants in the exhaust gas. As the adsorption process proceeds, when any adsorber reaches a saturated state, the system will automatically switch to another set of adsorbers to work, and perform nitrogen replacement and low-pressure steam desorption on the saturated adsorber. The steam generated during the desorption process is condensed through the condenser, and the condensate enters the oil-water separator for oil removal. Water separation, non-condensable gas returns to the front end of the system for re-adsorption, the condensing device uses cooling medium to reduce the exhaust gas temperature, condenses the steam into liquid, and recovers useful substances in the exhaust gas. At the same time, the photocatalytic oxidation device is arranged after the adsorption device and the condensing device, and uses the strong oxidizing active species produced by the photocatalyst (such as titanium dioxide) under light conditions, such as hydroxyl radicals (·OH), to further oxidize and decompose the organic pollutants remaining in the exhaust gas that are difficult to be adsorbed and condensed and removed, and convert them into harmless carbon dioxide and water, further improving the exhaust gas treatment effect and reducing pollution to the environment.

[0027] Secondly, the treated exhaust gas enters the heat recovery unit. The heat recovery unit is composed of multiple heat exchange tubes arranged in parallel. The heat exchanger is designed as an efficient spiral tube structure. The heat energy in the exhaust gas is transferred to the heat carrier flowing through the tube through the wall of the heat exchange tube. The temperature of the heat carrier gradually increases, and the condensed steam exchanges heat with the absorption liquid to be preheated and the production water in the heat exchanger to achieve effective recovery of heat energy. The recovered heat energy is stored in the heat energy storage device for use in subsequent process links. The heat energy conversion device of the heat energy utilization unit converts the stored heat energy into usable forms such as hot air, hot water and steam. Through the heat energy distribution system, the converted heat energy is distributed to different usage points according to production needs, such as heating reactants, maintaining reaction temperature, etc. At the same time, the moving average method is used to smooth the fluctuations in heat energy demand, predict future heat energy demand trends, and optimize the distribution and storage of heat energy.

[0028] Finally, the system design and control unit collects key parameters such as exhaust gas emissions, temperature, pressure and flow, as well as the heat carrier temperature and pressure of the heat recovery unit, the heat energy distribution of the heat energy utilization unit and other information in real time through sensors, and continuously monitors the system operation status, including exhaust gas treatment efficiency, heat recovery rate, heat energy conversion efficiency and heat energy distribution. According to the production cycle and exhaust gas emission pattern, the system operation time and parameters are automatically adjusted, the time to start the exhaust gas treatment unit and the working cycle of the heat energy recovery unit are automatically adjusted by monitoring the outlet emissions of the exhaust gas treatment unit to ensure that the exhaust gas treatment meets the standards. According to historical data and real-time feedback, the system parameters are optimized, such as the heat carrier flow of the heat recovery unit, temperature control and the heat energy distribution strategy of the heat energy utilization unit. In addition, remote data access, system status monitoring and remote control are achieved through network connection to facilitate maintenance and troubleshooting.

[0029] Embodiment 2

[0030] The waste gas collection and treatment system in this embodiment, through efficient heat recovery and intelligent heat utilization, not only realizes the resource utilization of heat energy in the waste gas, but also significantly improves the energy efficiency level of the production process. The implementation of this system not only meets environmental protection requirements, but also brings considerable economic benefits to the enterprise.

[0031] First, after the exhaust gas enters the heat recovery unit from the exhaust gas collection unit, it exchanges heat with the heat carrier through multiple heat exchange tubes arranged in parallel. The heat exchanger is designed as a high-efficiency heat exchange structure, such as a spiral tube, to increase the heat exchange area. The heat carrier flows in the heat exchange tube, absorbs the heat energy in the exhaust gas, and its temperature gradually increases. According to the formula , , and is the heat exchange amount between the heat carrier and the exhaust gas, and represent the mass flow rates of exhaust gas and heat carrier respectively, and represent the specific heat capacity of exhaust gas and heat carrier respectively, , , and Represent the inlet and outlet temperatures of the exhaust gas and heat carrier respectively. According to the characteristics of heat recovery and heat carrier, the required heat exchange area is calculated by controlling the flow rate and temperature change of the exhaust gas and heat carrier, that is, , is the heat exchange area, is the heat exchange capacity, is the overall heat transfer coefficient, The logarithmic mean temperature difference is used to calculate the required heat exchange area according to the expected heat recovery, the temperature and flow rate of the exhaust gas, the type and characteristics of the heat carrier and other parameters. At the same time, according to the chemical properties of the exhaust gas and the heat carrier, corrosion-resistant materials are selected to manufacture the heat exchanger, and the flow channels of the exhaust gas and the heat carrier are designed to achieve efficient heat exchange modes of countercurrent and cross-flow. By controlling the fluid temperature and flow rate, the heat energy transfer rate is maximized. According to the inlet temperature of the exhaust gas , the outlet temperature of the exhaust gas , outlet temperature of heat carrier , the inlet temperature of the heat carrier , calculate the logarithmic mean temperature difference LMTD, that is , and then evaluate the performance indicators of the heat exchanger. Through the efficient heat exchange mode of countercurrent and cross-flow, the heat energy in the exhaust gas is efficiently transferred to the heat carrier and stored in the thermal energy storage device for use in subsequent processes.

[0032] Then, the heat energy conversion device of the heat energy utilization unit is connected to the heat energy storage device, and the heat carrier carries the heat energy from the heat energy recovery unit to the heat energy utilization unit. The heat energy in the heat carrier is converted into hot air, hot water and steam by the heat energy conversion device. The converted heat energy is distributed to different use points according to production needs through the heat energy distribution system. Based on the specific heat capacity of the material, and temperature changes , according to the formula Calculate the thermal energy required to provide the material heat load, determine the amount of thermal energy required for each production link based on the calculation results, and use linear programming to ensure the efficient allocation and utilization of thermal energy. At the same time, smooth the fluctuations in thermal energy demand through the moving average method. For example, by taking a moving average of historical thermal energy demand data, a smooth demand trend is obtained to predict future thermal energy demand. Based on the prediction results, the thermal energy production and distribution plan is adjusted in advance.

[0033] Subsequently, the heat distribution system transports the converted heat energy to different usage points through pipes, valves and heat exchangers according to production needs. In this process, the fluctuation of heat demand is smoothed to predict future heat demand. For the historical heat demand data series: is the heat energy demand data for each period, The first heat energy demand index smoothing value of the period is , No. The second heat energy demand index smoothing value is , initially: , then for The first heat energy demand index smoothing value of the period is , the second time is ,in , Indicates The actual heat energy demand value of the period is The first and second heat energy demand index smoothing values ​​of the period are used to predict the future t+ Heat demand during the period ,in, represents an estimate of the current trend, Represents the adjustment to the trend, i.e. The change in heat demand during the period and the setting of thresholds and , for forecasted demand exceeding , decide to fill the thermal energy storage device, for the forecast demand below , decided to empty the thermal energy storage device, which allows us to optimize the distribution and storage of thermal energy and adjust the thermal energy production and distribution plan in advance to cope with peaks and troughs in demand.

[0034] Finally, the system design and control unit's automated control system, including time control and outlet detection control, automatically adjusts the system's operating status according to real-time data on exhaust emissions. The three-tower adsorption device realizes a cyclic working mode of dual-tower series adsorption and one-tower desorption, improving the system's operating efficiency and reliability. It automatically adjusts the heat carrier flow and temperature control of the heat recovery unit, as well as the heat energy distribution strategy of the heat energy utilization unit, to optimize the system's efficiency. The remote operation and monitoring functions facilitate system maintenance and troubleshooting, ensuring the stability and economy of the entire heat recovery and utilization process.

[0035] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A system for collecting and treating waste gas generated during the treatment of special fatty amines, characterized in that: The system includes: an exhaust gas collection unit, an exhaust gas treatment unit, a heat recovery unit, a heat utilization unit, a system design and control unit; The waste gas collection unit is used to collect waste gas generated during the production of special fatty amines, including volatile organic compounds such as ammonia, monomethylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, hydrogen and trace amounts of methanol. The unit is equipped with pipes and fans to efficiently and safely transport the waste gas to the subsequent waste gas treatment unit; The waste gas treatment unit is composed of an adsorption device, a condensation device and a photocatalytic oxidation device. The adsorption device is filled with a high-efficiency adsorbent, namely activated carbon and molecular sieve, for physically adsorbing volatile organic pollutants in the waste gas. The condensation device uses a cooling medium to reduce the temperature of the waste gas, condenses the steam into a liquid state, and thus recovers useful substances in the waste gas. The photocatalytic oxidation device uses a photocatalyst, titanium dioxide, to generate a strong oxidizing active species, hydroxyl free radicals, to further oxidize and decompose the residual organic pollutants in the waste gas that are difficult to be adsorbed and condensed, and convert them into harmless carbon dioxide and water. The heat recovery unit is composed of a plurality of heat exchange tubes arranged in parallel. The heat energy in the exhaust gas is transferred to the heat carrier flowing through the tube through the wall of the heat exchange tube. The exhaust gas is collected from the exhaust gas collection unit and enters the heat recovery unit. The heat exchange is performed with the heat carrier through the heat exchange tube to transfer the heat energy in the exhaust gas to the heat carrier. The heat recovery unit is arranged after the condenser and utilizes the heat released during the condensation process. It includes a heat exchanger and a heat energy storage device. The heat exchanger is designed as a high-efficiency heat exchange structure, i.e., a spiral tube. The heat carrier flows in the heat exchange tube and absorbs the heat energy in the exhaust gas. Its temperature gradually increases to increase the heat exchange area. The condensed steam exchanges heat with the absorption liquid to be preheated and the production water in the heat exchanger to achieve effective recovery of heat energy. The recovered heat energy is stored in the heat energy storage device. The heat energy storage device is connected to the heat exchanger and is used to store the heat energy recovered from the exhaust gas flow for use in subsequent process links, wherein: The heat recovery unit uses the heat exchanger design to determine the design parameters of the heat exchanger, including the expected heat recovery amount, the temperature and flow rate of the exhaust gas, the type and characteristics of the heat carrier, and calculates the required heat exchange area according to the heat recovery requirements and the characteristics of the heat carrier, that is, , , and is the heat exchange amount between the heat carrier and the exhaust gas, and represent the mass flow rates of exhaust gas and heat carrier respectively, and represent the specific heat capacity of exhaust gas and heat carrier respectively, , , and Represent the inlet and outlet temperatures of the exhaust gas and heat carrier respectively. According to the characteristics of heat recovery and heat carrier, the required heat exchange area is calculated by controlling the flow rate and temperature change of the exhaust gas and heat carrier, that is, , is the heat exchange area, is the heat exchange capacity, is the overall heat transfer coefficient, is the logarithmic mean temperature difference. At the same time, the size of the heat exchanger is designed according to the chemical properties of the exhaust gas and the heat carrier, and the flow channels of the exhaust gas and the heat carrier are designed to enable efficient heat exchange mode switching between counterflow and crossflow, thereby maximizing the heat energy transfer rate; The heat recovery unit uses a heat exchange efficiency algorithm to evaluate the performance index of the heat exchanger, calculates the average temperature difference between the two fluids in the heat exchanger, namely, the exhaust gas and the heat carrier, which is a key parameter for calculating the heat transfer area and heat transfer rate of the heat exchanger. By determining the inlet and outlet temperatures of the exhaust gas and the heat carrier, these temperature values ​​are used to calculate the logarithmic mean temperature difference LMTD, that is, , is the exhaust gas inlet temperature, is the exhaust gas outlet temperature, is the outlet temperature of the heat carrier, is the inlet temperature of the heat carrier, calculated by calculating the logarithmic mean temperature difference , evaluate the performance indicators of the heat exchanger, and then determine the heat transfer area and heat transfer rate of the heat exchanger to meet the needs of heat energy recovery; The heat energy utilization unit includes a heat energy conversion device and a heat energy distribution system. The heat energy conversion device converts the heat energy in the heat carrier into a usable heat energy form, i.e., hot air, hot water and steam, according to the heat energy demand in the production process of the special fatty amine. The heat energy distribution system consists of pipes, valves and heat exchangers to effectively transport the converted heat energy to various links in the production process. The system design and control unit adopts automatic control, including time control and outlet detection control. According to the real-time data of exhaust gas emissions, the system operation status is automatically adjusted to ensure the optimization of exhaust gas treatment effect and heat recovery efficiency. At the same time, the system has a remote data connection function, which can be monitored in real time and remotely operated.

2. A system for collecting and treating waste gas generated during the treatment of special fatty amines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adsorption device of the waste gas treatment unit adopts a three-tower design, namely A, B, and C columns, to realize a cyclic working mode of double-tower series adsorption and one-tower desorption. After pretreatment, the waste gas is adsorbed by adsorbers AB. When any adsorber reaches saturation, the system automatically switches to another group of adsorbers to work, and nitrogen is replaced and low-pressure steam is desorbed on the saturated adsorber. The steam generated during the desorption process is condensed through the condenser, and the condensate enters the oil-water separator for oil-water separation, and the non-condensable gas returns to the front end of the system for re-adsorption.

3. A system for collecting and treating waste gas generated during the treatment of special fatty amines according to claim 2, characterized in that: The waste gas treatment unit regenerates the adsorption material after it reaches saturation with low-pressure steam to desorb the adsorbed organic matter. The heat generated during the steam regeneration process is recovered through a heat exchanger and used to preheat the waste gas to be treated, thereby realizing energy recycling. The desorbed organic vapor is condensed into liquid through a condensing device and collected in a condensate receiving tank. The condensate can be transported and recycled by a pump. At the same time, after the steam regeneration is completed, the adsorption tower is cooled by spraying water, and the spraying water is collected in a circulating water storage tank and can be recycled. When the adsorption tower is cooled to the set temperature, nitrogen purge is turned on to blow the adsorption material to a surface dry state, and at the same time, the air in the system is replaced to prepare for the next adsorption.

4. A system for collecting and treating waste gas generated during the treatment of special fatty amines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat energy conversion device of the heat energy utilization unit is connected to the heat energy storage device to convert the stored heat energy into usable energy. The heat carrier carries the heat energy from the heat energy recovery unit to the heat energy utilization unit. The heat energy in the heat carrier is converted into hot air, hot water and steam by the heat energy conversion device. The converted heat energy is distributed to different use points according to production needs through the heat energy distribution system. The monitoring system monitors the output and distribution of heat energy in real time to ensure the effective utilization of heat energy. At the same time, based on the specific heat capacity of the material and temperature changes To determine the heat load of the material, that is, the heat absorbed and released by the material when it changes from one temperature state to another during the production process, and calculate the heat energy required to provide these heat loads, that is, , is the material temperature change, is the specific heat capacity of the material, m is the mass of the material, It is the heat energy demand. The amount of heat energy required for each production link is determined based on calculations, and linear programming is used to ensure the efficient allocation and utilization of heat energy.

5. A system for collecting and treating waste gas generated during the treatment of special fatty amines according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heat energy utilization unit smoothes the historical heat energy demand data to predict the future heat energy demand trend, thereby optimizing the distribution and storage of heat energy. The operation process is as follows: Heat demand forecast: By smoothing the historical heat demand data, it is used to predict future heat demand, so as to adjust the heat production and distribution plan in advance. For the historical heat demand data series: is the heat energy demand data for each period, The first heat energy demand index smoothing value of the period is , No. The second heat energy demand index smoothing value is , initially: , then for The first heat energy demand index smoothing value of the period is , the second time is ,in , Indicates The actual heat demand value of the period is The first and second heat energy demand index smoothing values ​​of the period are used to predict the future t+ Heat demand during the period ,in, represents an estimate of the current trend, Represents the adjustment to the trend, i.e. Change in heat energy demand during the period; Thermal energy storage strategies: based on predicted thermal energy demand , set the threshold and , for forecasted demand exceeding , decide to fill the thermal energy storage device, for the forecast demand below , deciding to discharge the thermal energy storage device; System performance monitoring: Identify abnormal fluctuations by calculating the deviation of actual performance indicators of thermal energy conversion and distribution systems from expected performance indicators.

6. The system for collecting and treating waste gas generated during the treatment of special fatty amines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of the system design and control unit are: Data collection: sensors are used to collect real-time information on key parameters such as exhaust gas emissions, temperature, pressure and flow, as well as the temperature and pressure of the heat carrier in the heat recovery unit and the heat energy distribution of the heat utilization unit; Real-time monitoring: Continuously monitor the system operation status, including exhaust gas treatment efficiency, heat recovery rate, heat conversion efficiency and heat distribution, to ensure that the system operates in a safe and efficient state; Automatic control: Automatically adjust the system's operating time and parameters according to the production cycle and exhaust emission mode, i.e. the time to start the exhaust treatment unit and the working cycle of the heat recovery unit; Outlet detection control: By monitoring the outlet emissions of the exhaust gas treatment unit, the working status of the adsorption device and the condensation device are automatically adjusted to ensure that the exhaust gas treatment meets the standards; Intelligent optimization: Optimize system parameters based on historical data and real-time feedback, i.e. heat carrier flow and temperature control of the heat recovery unit, and heat energy allocation strategy of the heat utilization unit; Remote operation and monitoring: Through network connection, remote data access, system status monitoring and remote control are realized to facilitate maintenance and troubleshooting.

7. A system for collecting and treating waste gas generated during the treatment of special fatty amines according to claim 6, characterized in that: The system design and control unit adopts automatic control, including time control and outlet detection control. According to the real-time data of exhaust gas emissions, the system operation status is automatically adjusted. A three-tower design is adopted, with two towers for adsorption and one tower for regeneration, to achieve continuous operation without human intervention. The system can automatically switch the adsorption tower according to the exhaust gas concentration monitored online.

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