Pulverizing equipment, system for preparing synthesis gas by taking biomass as raw material and application

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of biomass energy, in particular to pulverizing equipment, a system for preparing synthesis gas by taking biomass as a raw material and application. The powder making equipment comprises an equipment shell, a powder making inner part and a rotary separation device, wherein the powder making inner part and the rotary separation device are arranged in the equipment shell from bottom to top in sequence; powder making equipment in a synthesis gas preparation system is creatively improved, and through the structural design of a rotary separation device and cooperation of parameters such as the air volume and the rotating speed of introduced gas, the powder making equipment can obtain powder with the particle size smaller than or equal to 2 mm; when the powder preparation equipment is applied to the system for preparing the synthesis gas, the device, the system and the process for preparing the synthesis gas by a one-step method are obtained by adjusting the units in the system and the close fit of specific structures of specific equipment in the units, and the beneficial effects that the efficiency is high, the particle size of prepared powder is uniform, and carbonization is not needed can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of biomass energy, and in particular to a milling device and a system and application for preparing synthesis gas using biomass as raw material. Background Art

[0002] China is a large agricultural country with extremely rich reserves of biomass energy resources in rural areas. However, the extensive traditional utilization mode (direct combustion) has caused adverse environmental impacts and waste of resources, and is no longer suitable for modern production and lifestyles. Therefore, modern utilization methods represented by indirect utilization (gasification) have emerged. In the field of coal chemical industry, coal gasification technology has become increasingly mature. According to the way raw coal enters the reactor, it can be divided into three types: 1. Feeding with 10cm-20cm particles, that is, fixed bed; 2. Feeding with particles less than 10cm, that is, fluidized bed; 3. Feeding with 5 microns-2 mm powder, that is, entrained bed; With the development of modern society, entrained bed gasification technology with high carbon conversion rate and high single-set equipment production capacity is gradually replacing old fixed beds and fluidized beds. Therefore, how to grind biomass directly into 5 microns-2 mm uniform powder through a simple process, directly replace the existing pulverized coal, and save energy and reduce consumption at the same time is particularly important.

[0003] CN117946761A discloses a method and system for preparing synthesis gas by upgrading biomass, which comprises first drying biomass crushed materials, then mixing the dried biomass with alkaline earth metal oxides in the presence of high-temperature inert gas, heating to 180-300°C, and baking to obtain upgraded biomass powder and alkaline earth metal carbonate powder; sorting and separating the upgraded biomass powder and alkaline earth metal oxide powder; mixing the upgraded biomass powder, oxygen and water, and performing gasification reaction to prepare crude synthesis gas. Although the technical solution can control the particle size of the upgraded biomass powder to below 300 μm, the process is complicated and the raw material consumption per ton is high, which greatly increases the cost of biomass pretreatment and the feasibility of long-term industrial operation of biomass energy is low.

[0004] CN117448055A discloses a methanol production line and production process using corn stalks as raw materials, including biomass pretreatment water washing equipment, drying equipment, steam explosion equipment, roasting equipment, biomass pellet machine, etc. This technical solution controls the size of black particles within 2.5-3.5 mm and cannot be lowered. At the same time, the processing cost of biomass powder is still very high, the process is cumbersome, the consumption is high, industrialization is difficult to achieve, and long-term stable operation is even more difficult to predict.

[0005] CN109097078A discloses a method for preparing biomass fuel by carbonizing crop straw. The method mentions that vacuum is required to prepare biomass fuel, and the length of crop straw can only be controlled within 3-4 cm. There is also a belt spreading process. There is a great uncertainty in the gaps between the raw materials after spreading, which in turn affects the carbonization effect. The raw material loss rate after carbonization is 0.4 tons for every 1.4 tons, which greatly increases the processing cost of biomass powder.

[0006] Based on the above-mentioned existing technologies, in the process of preparing synthesis gas from biomass raw materials in the existing technology, it is still impossible to directly grind the biomass materials into uniform powders of micrometer-millimeter level through simple processes and equipment, resulting in the synthesis gas preparation route having complex processes, high consumption, low production capacity of a single set of equipment, unstable equipment operation and other technical problems that need to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a powder making device, comprising a device housing, and a powder making internal part and a rotating separation device arranged in the device housing in order from bottom to top; A gas inlet is provided below the equipment housing, and a raw material inlet and a powder outlet are provided above the equipment housing; A powder making circulation device is provided outside or inside the powder making internal part; And / or a separation circulation device is provided outside or inside the rotating separation device.

[0008] Furthermore, the rotary separation device is a cylindrical structure.

[0009] Furthermore, the air volume entering the powder making device from the gas inlet and the diameter of the rotary separation device conform to the following formula: , Where: D——diameter of the rotating separation device, m; Q——air volume, m 3 / h; k——calculation coefficient, any value between 0.5 and 10; ω——rotating speed of the rotary separation device, m / s.

[0010] Furthermore, a cooling medium is passed through the powder making circulation device and / or the separation circulation device.

[0011] Furthermore, the cooling medium is one of cooling gas or cooling liquid.

[0012] Furthermore, the cooling gas includes but is not limited to cooling air and cooling inert gas; The cooling gas volume is 10 Nm3 / h-500Nm 3 / h.

[0013] Furthermore, the cooling liquid includes but is not limited to cooling water and cooling organic matter.

[0014] Furthermore, the device housing includes a separate or integrated device shell and a device base.

[0015] Furthermore, the gas inlet is located on the device housing near the device base.

[0016] Furthermore, the number of the gas inlets is ≥ 1; When the number of the gas inlets is greater than 1, the gas inlets are evenly distributed on the device housing to ensure uniformity of gas supply.

[0017] Furthermore, an air supply device is provided at the place where the gas inlet extends into the equipment housing, and a check structure is provided on the air supply device, and the check structure is used to prevent the raw material or powder from flowing out of the powder making device from the gas inlet.

[0018] Furthermore, the non-return structure comprises relatively arranged blades, the blades can only be relatively opened in one direction toward the inside of the powder making device, the blades are rotatably connected to the air supply device, and sealing strips are provided at the joints of the relatively arranged blades, and the sealing strips are used to seal the gas inlet; When the gas enters the powder making device from the gas, the fan blades open relatively toward the powder making device to convey the gas. The one-way open fan blade structure cannot move toward the outside of the powder making device, thereby ensuring the gas delivery and preventing the raw materials or powder from flowing out of the gas inlet. It also ensures that the raw materials or powder will not accumulate or stick to the gas inlet, affecting the gas delivery efficiency.

[0019] Furthermore, the raw material inlet is located below the rotary separation device and above the powder making internals.

[0020] Furthermore, the rotary separation device is close to the powder outlet above the powder making equipment.

[0021] Furthermore, the rotary separation device comprises a fan blade separation structure, a cylindrical structure with screening through holes on the side wall, and a screen structure, or a combination of several structures.

[0022] Furthermore, when the rotating separation device includes a fan blade separation structure, the rotating separation device is fixedly connected to the powder making device, and the rotating separation device also includes a rotating central axis. The fan blade separation structure includes a plurality of fan blades evenly arranged around the rotating central axis, and the angle α1 between the fan blades and the rotating central axis is ≤90°.

[0023] Furthermore, the fan blade separation structure is provided with multiple layers of fan blades, and the projected area of ​​the fan blades decreases from the side close to the powder making internal component to the side of the powder outlet.

[0024] Furthermore, when the side wall of the rotating separation device comprises a screening through-hole cylindrical structure, the rotating separation device is movably connected to the powder making device, and the rotating separation device is a rotatable device.

[0025] Furthermore, when the rotary screening device includes a screen structure, the rotary screening and rotating separation device is movably connected to the powder making device, the rotary screening and rotating separation device is a rotatable device, and the angle α2 between the outer wall of the screen structure and the horizontal line is ≥60°, and the angle α3 between the inner wall and the horizontal line is ≥50°.

[0026] Furthermore, a wear-resistant liner is provided on the inner wall of the equipment housing, and the wear-resistant liner is used to ensure the efficient and stable operation of the powder making equipment and ensure that the powder making particle size meets the requirements.

[0027] Furthermore, the wear-resistant lining is located at the outer edge of the powder-making internal component close to the equipment housing.

[0028] Furthermore, a leak-proof lining is provided at the position of the rotating separation device in contact with the inner wall of the equipment housing to prevent the powder from being directly sent out of the powder making device without being screened by the rotating separation device, thereby ensuring that the powder screened by the powder making device has a uniform particle size.

[0029] Furthermore, the structure of the powder making equipment is cylindrical.

[0030] Furthermore, the flour making equipment is arranged to be placed vertically or horizontally.

[0031] Furthermore, the rotary separation device changes the air volume by adjusting the rotation speed, thereby changing the particle size distribution of the powder out of the powder making equipment, and obtaining powder with a particle size of ≤2mm.

[0032] Furthermore, one or more of the equipment housing, wear-resistant lining, powder-making internals, and rotating separation device are made of wear-resistant materials, and the wear-resistant materials include but are not limited to cemented carbide and tungsten carbide; or wear-resistant materials are sprayed or welded on the inner wall of the powder-making equipment to increase the service life of the powder-making equipment.

[0033] Furthermore, the raw material enters the equipment housing from the raw material inlet, contacts and collides with the rotating powder-making internal component, and the powder-making internal component crushes the raw material. At the same time, gas enters the equipment housing from the gas inlet, blows the crushed powder upward, contacts the rotating separation device, and is sent out of the powder-making device from the powder outlet through the structure on the rotating separation device. The powder that has not passed through the rotating separation device continues to contact and collide with the powder-making internal component in the equipment housing until it can pass through the rotating separation device. During the operation of the powder-making internal components and the rotary separation device, a cooling medium is introduced into the powder-making circulation device and / or the separation circulation device to transfer and reduce the heat generated during operation, thereby extending the service life or preventing the crushed powder from agglomerating or sticking again in an elevated temperature environment, so that the raw materials can pass through the rotary separation device quickly and smoothly as soon as they are crushed to obtain the powder, or preventing the powder from accumulating on the powder-making internal components and the rotary separation device due to too low a particle size, thereby affecting the powder-making efficiency.

[0034] The present invention also provides a powder making unit, which comprises the above-mentioned powder making equipment, powder making gas-solid separation equipment, and filtering device in sequence according to the direction of the raw materials.

[0035] Furthermore, a powder conveying pipeline is provided between the powder making equipment and the powder making gas-solid separation equipment. The powder conveying pipeline is in an inverted "L" shape. The powder conveying pipeline is located above the powder making equipment and is connected to the powder outlet of the powder making equipment. The powder is used to convey the powder mixed with gas to the powder making gas-solid separation equipment for gas-solid separation.

[0036] Furthermore, the pulverizing gas-solid separation equipment comprises a pulverizing gas-solid separation collecting cone for collecting powder separated in the pulverizing gas-solid separation equipment, and the angle β1 between the pulverizing gas-solid separation collecting cone and the horizontal is ≥60°.

[0037] Furthermore, the filtering device includes but is not limited to a bag filter.

[0038] Furthermore, the filtering device comprises a filtering collecting cone for collecting powder separated in the filtering device, and the angle β2 between the filtering collecting cone and the horizontal is ≥60°.

[0039] Furthermore, the raw material is prepared into powder in the powder making equipment, and the powder sent out from the powder making equipment is subjected to the first gas-solid separation in the powder making gas-solid separation equipment, wherein the powder making gas-solid separation equipment collects the powder sent out from the powder making equipment with a mass percentage ≥95%, and the remaining powder is sent to the filtering device through the action of the gas flow, and the remaining powder is separated, and the powder separated by the powder gas-solid separation equipment and the filtering device is collected by the powder making gas-solid separation collecting cone and the filtering collecting cone.

[0040] Furthermore, the powder making gas-solid separation collecting cone and the filtering collecting cone are provided with a powder unit discharge port for sending the collected powder out of the powder making unit.

[0041] Furthermore, the powder making unit is also provided with a cooling tank, which is connected to the powder making equipment and is used to provide cooling medium for the powder making equipment.

[0042] Furthermore, the powder making unit also includes a circulation fan, which is connected to the filtering device and the powder making equipment, and is used to receive the gas sent out from the filtering device and circulate the gas back to the powder making device to achieve the recycling of the gas.

[0043] Furthermore, the circulation fan is connected to the powder making equipment through a gas circulation pipeline.

[0044] Furthermore, the gas circulation pipeline includes a venting pipeline, and the venting pipeline is provided with a venting regulating valve for balancing the moisture and heat in the powder making unit or changing the venting amount by adjusting the opening of the venting regulating valve.

[0045] Furthermore, the gas circulation pipeline is connected to a gas inlet in the powder making equipment or to an equipment housing in the powder making equipment.

[0046] The present invention also provides a system for preparing synthesis gas using biomass as raw material. The system comprises a biomass raw material pre-crushing unit, the above-mentioned powder making unit, a powder conveying unit, and a powder gasification unit in sequence according to the direction of the raw material.

[0047] Furthermore, the raw material is a biomass raw material.

[0048] Furthermore, the moisture content of the biomass raw material is ≥5wt%.

[0049] Furthermore, the biomass raw materials are solid organic wastes, including but not limited to trees and logging residues, straw and agricultural residues, urban garbage, and human and animal feces.

[0050] Furthermore, the biomass raw material pre-crushing unit includes crushing equipment.

[0051] Furthermore, the biomass raw material pre-crushing unit also includes an induced draft fan and a first gas-solid separation device; The induced draft fan and the first gas-solid separation device are used to reduce the pollution to the environment caused by dust generated by the crushing equipment when crushing the biomass raw materials.

[0052] Furthermore, the crushing device is connected to a feeding device, and the feeding device is used to transport the raw materials to the biomass raw material pre-crushing unit for crushing.

[0053] Furthermore, the crushing equipment obtains crushed material with a particle size of ≤1.5 cm.

[0054] Furthermore, the induced draft fan includes a gas inlet, and the gas enters the induced draft fan, mixes with the crushed material obtained from the crushing equipment, and enters the first gas-solid separation equipment together for gas-solid separation. The crushed material obtained after separation is sent from the raw material outlet of the first gas-solid separation to the next unit for subsequent processing, and the separated gas obtained after separation is discharged from the exhaust port of the first gas-solid separation equipment.

[0055] Furthermore, the separated gas can be circulated back into the induced draft fan to continue to participate in the next mixing with the crushed material.

[0056] Furthermore, the gas in the biomass raw material pre-crushing unit is air, inert gas, or any gas that can be mixed with the crushed material.

[0057] Furthermore, the biomass raw material pre-crushing unit also includes a dust removal device connected to the first gas-solid separation device, and the dust removal device is connected to the exhaust port to remove dust contained in the gas exhausted from the first gas-solid separation device to reduce environmental pollution.

[0058] Furthermore, the powder conveying unit includes a normal pressure tank, a variable pressure tank, and a high pressure tank in order from top to bottom according to the direction of the raw materials; Wherein, a first cut-off valve is arranged between the atmospheric pressure tank and the transformer tank, and a second cut-off valve is arranged between the transformer tank and the high-pressure tank.

[0059] Furthermore, the first shut-off valve is kept closed, and the raw materials sent from the previous unit first enter the atmospheric pressure tank for storage. When the raw materials in the pressure transformer tank are emptied, the second shut-off valve is closed, and the pressure is released through the pressure relief pipeline. When the pressure is equal to the pressure in the atmospheric pressure tank, the first shut-off valve is opened, and the raw materials in the atmospheric pressure tank enter the pressure transformer tank. When the pressure transformer tank is full of raw materials, the first shut-off valve is closed, and inert gas is charged into the pressure transformer tank through the pressure charging pipeline, so that the pressure in the pressure transformer tank becomes 1.0MPag-10MPag. When the pressure in the pressure transformer tank is equal to the pressure in the high-pressure tank, the second shut-off valve is opened, and the raw materials in the pressure transformer tank enter the high-pressure tank. The pressure in the high-pressure tank is 1.0MPag-10Mpag.

[0060] Furthermore, the pressure in the high-pressure tank and the operating pressure difference of the gasification unit are controlled to be 0.5MPag-3MPag, a delivery pipeline is provided between the high-pressure tank and the gasification unit, a flow regulating valve is provided on the delivery pipeline, and the delivery density of the delivery pipeline is 150kg / m 3 -500kg / m 3 .

[0061] Furthermore, the powder conveying unit is also provided with a pressure relief filter, and the pressure relief filter is connected to the pressure transformer tank through a pressure relief pipeline, and is used for receiving the gas discharged from the pressure transformer tank and / or the high-pressure tank.

[0062] Furthermore, the inert gas charged into the transformer tank through the charging pipeline is CO2 or N2.

[0063] Furthermore, the gasification unit includes a gasification reactor.

[0064] Furthermore, the gasification reactor is an entrained flow gasification reactor.

[0065] Furthermore, the particle size of the raw material entering the gasification unit is ≤2 mm.

[0066] Further, the operating conditions of the gasification reactor are: under-oxygen combustion, the furnace operating pressure of the gasification reactor is 1-10 MPag; A crude synthesis gas with carbon monoxide and hydrogen as effective gases is generated, wherein the volume component of the effective gases in the crude synthesis gas is 50-90%, and the carbon conversion rate is greater than or equal to 99%.

[0067] Furthermore, a granulation unit and / or a drying unit is included between the biomass raw material pre-crushing unit and the powder making unit.

[0068] Furthermore, the granulation unit comprises a granulation device or a briquetting device, and the raw materials sent to the granulation unit from the previous unit are compressed by the granulation device or the briquetting device to obtain granular materials or block materials.

[0069] Furthermore, the granulation equipment or briquetting equipment includes but is not limited to a ring-mode granulation equipment and a flat-mode granulation equipment, and can realize the function of compressing the raw materials into granules or briquetting.

[0070] Further, the compression ratio of the granulation device or briquetting device is 2-20; The compression ratio is the value of the effective thickness divided by the pore diameter.

[0071] Furthermore, the volume of the granular material or block material is ≤20cm 3 .

[0072] Furthermore, the shapes of the granular or block materials include cylindrical, rectangular, cube, and irregular granular shapes.

[0073] Furthermore, the drying unit comprises a heating device, the heating temperature of the heating device is ≤200°C, and the outlet temperature of the heating device is between room temperature and 105°C.

[0074] Furthermore, the raw material from the previous unit enters the drying unit for drying to obtain a dried material, and the moisture content of the dried material is ≤10 wt%.

[0075] Furthermore, the drying method of the drying equipment includes but is not limited to fuel gas heating, steam heating or electric heating.

[0076] Furthermore, the transportation of raw materials between the units is achieved by gravity flow in pipelines or screw conveyors or bucket elevators.

[0077] The present invention also relates to a synthesis gas, which is prepared by the above-mentioned system for preparing synthesis gas using biomass as raw material.

[0078] The present invention also relates to a product prepared from the above-mentioned synthesis gas, which includes but is not limited to fertilizers, alcohol compounds, ammonia compounds, ether compounds, industrial fuel gas, and synthetic oil.

[0079] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention creatively transforms the powder making equipment in the synthesis gas preparation system, and through the structural design of the rotary separation device, the coordinated cooperation with the parameters such as the air volume of the gas introduced and the rotation speed, the powder making equipment can obtain powder with a particle size of ≤2mm; when the powder making equipment is applied to the system for preparing synthesis gas, by adjusting the close cooperation between the units in the system and the specific structures of the specific equipment in each unit, a "one-step" synthesis gas preparation device, system and process are obtained, which can achieve the beneficial effects of high efficiency, uniform particle size of the powder, and no need for carbonization. Compared with the "two-step method" in the prior art, i.e., carbonization first and then powder making, the "one-step method" proposed in the present invention can save 189 yuan / ton in cost and 49 yuan / ton in electricity in the rough crushing, granulation and powder making stages of raw materials, calculated based on 20 tons / hour of raw materials; At the same time, the by-product wood vinegar of the "two-step method" route needs to be processed and purified multiple times to reach the quality of industrial sales, which not only reduces the production capacity of tons of raw material synthesis gas, but also requires increased investment in purification and separation production lines; the "one-step method" of the present invention has no raw material loss, and all the ground raw materials enter the gasification unit to produce synthesis gas; 2. The new device, system and process for preparing synthesis gas of the present invention, under the premise of being creative, can also meet the requirements of the entrained-bed gasification reactor commonly used in the prior art, and once again reduce production costs and promote industrial lines; therefore, the overall system for preparing synthesis gas using biomass as raw materials of the present invention has the characteristics of stable equipment operation and long equipment service life; 3. In the process of the working of the powder-making internal parts and the rotary separation device of the present invention, a cooling medium is introduced into the powder-making circulation device and / or the separation circulation device to transfer and reduce the heat generated during the working process, thereby extending the service life, or preventing the crushed powder from agglomerating or sticking again in an elevated temperature environment, so that the raw materials can pass through the rotary separation device quickly and smoothly as soon as the powder is crushed, or preventing the powder from accumulating on the powder-making internal parts and the rotary separation device due to too low a particle size, thereby affecting the powder-making efficiency; 4. According to the pulverizing equipment and the pulverizing unit including the pulverizing equipment and the overall system for preparing synthesis gas of the present invention, the gas or water used therein can be recycled due to the specific combination of the above equipment and the specific coordination of the process, which greatly reduces the waste of circulating medium and once again saves production costs; 5. The powder making equipment of the present invention can fully meet the requirements of the existing fluidized bed for the particle size of biomass raw materials, and the production capacity of the powder making equipment can reach 10-20t / h. The gas introduced into the powder making equipment is provided with an air supply device at the gas inlet extending into the equipment housing, and a non-return structure is provided on the air supply device, and the non-return structure is used to prevent the raw material or powder from flowing out of the powder making device from the gas inlet; the non-return structure includes relatively arranged fan blades, and the fan blades can only be relatively opened in one direction toward the inside of the powder making device, and the fan blades are rotatably connected to the air supply device, and a sealing strip is provided at the junction of the relatively arranged fan blades, and the sealing strip is used to seal the gas inlet; When the gas enters the powder making device from the gas, the fan blades are relatively opened toward the inside of the powder making device to convey the gas, and the fan blade structure set in one direction cannot move toward the outside of the powder making device, thereby preventing the raw materials or powder from flowing out of the gas inlet while ensuring the gas delivery, and also ensuring that the raw materials or powder will not accumulate or adhere to the gas inlet, affecting the gas delivery efficiency; 6. The granulation unit of the present invention includes a granulation device or a briquetting device, and the compression ratio of the granulation device or the briquetting device is 2-20. By changing the compression ratio and combining the equipment structure and process of the overall system, granular materials or block materials with different ton consumption and bulk density can be obtained, and finally a crude synthesis gas with carbon monoxide and hydrogen as effective gases is generated. The volume component of the effective gas in the crude synthesis gas is 50-90%, and the carbon conversion rate is greater than or equal to 99%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0080] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rotary separation device including a screen structure in the flour making equipment in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the non-return structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a flour making unit in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic flow diagram of a system for preparing synthesis gas using biomass as raw material in Example 3 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a biomass raw material pre-crushing unit in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a powder material conveying unit in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a process for preparing synthesis gas using biomass as raw material in Example 4 of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rotary separation device including the fan blade separation structure in the flour making equipment in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rotary separation device in the powder making equipment in an embodiment of the present invention including a screening through-hole cylindrical structure; The names of the labels in the figure are: A. Biomass raw material pre-crushing unit; B. Powder making unit; C. Powder conveying unit; D. Powder gasification unit; E. Granulation unit; F. Drying unit; 1. Powder making equipment; 101. Powder making internal parts; 102. Rotary separation device; 103. Gas inlet; 1031. Fan blade; 104. Raw material inlet; 105. Powder outlet; 106. Equipment shell; 107. Equipment base; 108. Wear-resistant bushing; 2. Powder making gas-solid separation equipment; 3. Filter device; 4. Powder conveying pipeline; 5. Circulating fan; 6. Gas circulation pipeline; 601. Venting pipeline; 602. Venting regulating valve; 7. Crushing equipment; 8. Induced draft fan; 9. First gas-solid separation equipment; 10. Dust removal equipment; 11. Atmospheric pressure tank; 12. Variable pressure tank; 13. High pressure tank; 14. First shut-off valve; 15. Second shut-off valve; 16. Pressure relief pipeline; 17. Pressurization pipeline; 18. Flow regulating valve; 19. Pressure relief filter; DETAILED DESCRIPTION Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a powder making device 1, comprising a device housing, and a powder making internal part 101 and a rotating separation device 102 arranged in the device housing in order from bottom to top; A gas inlet 103 is provided below the equipment housing, and a raw material inlet 104 and a powder outlet 105 are provided above the equipment housing; A powder making circulation device is provided outside or inside the powder making internal part 101; A separation circulation device is provided outside or inside the rotating separation device 102 .

[0081] The powder making internal component 101 may be a structure capable of performing a crushing function.

[0082] The rotating separation device 102 is a cylindrical structure.

[0083] The air volume entering the powder making device from the gas inlet and the diameter of the rotating separation device 102 conform to the following formula: , Where: D——diameter of the rotary separation device 102, m; Q——air volume, m 3 / h; k——calculation coefficient, any value between 0.5 and 10; ω——rotational speed of the rotary separation device 102, m / s; In this embodiment, D is 0.962m and Q is 12000m 3 / h, k is 1.2, ω is 3m / s.

[0084] A cooling medium is passed through the powder making circulation device and the separation circulation device.

[0085] In this embodiment, the cooling medium is cooling gas with a gas volume of 100 Nm 3 / h.

[0086] In some embodiments, the cooling liquid includes but is not limited to cooling water and cooling organic matter.

[0087] In this embodiment, the device housing includes a separate device shell 106 and a device base 107 .

[0088] The gas inlet 103 is located on the device housing 106 near the device base 107 .

[0089] In this embodiment, the number of the gas inlet is 1; In some embodiments, when the number of the gas inlets is greater than 1, the gas inlets are evenly distributed on the device housing to ensure uniformity of gas supply.

[0090] An air supply device is provided at the place where the gas inlet 103 extends into the equipment housing 106 , and a check structure is provided on the gas supply device, and the check structure is used to prevent the raw material or powder from flowing out of the powder making device from the gas inlet.

[0091] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the non-return structure includes oppositely arranged fan blades 1031, the fan blades can only be opened relatively in one direction toward the inside of the powder making device, the fan blades 1031 are rotatably connected to the air supply device, and a sealing strip is provided at the joint of the oppositely arranged fan blades 1031, the sealing strip is used to seal the gas inlet 103, and the fan blades 1031 are mutually coupled structures when closed; When the gas enters the powder making device from the gas, the fan blades 1031 open relatively toward the powder making device to convey the gas. The one-way fan blade structure cannot move toward the outside of the powder making device, thereby preventing the raw material or powder from flowing out of the gas inlet 103 while ensuring the gas delivery, and also ensuring that the raw material or powder will not accumulate or stick to the gas inlet 103, affecting the gas delivery efficiency.

[0092] The raw material inlet 104 is located below the rotating separation device 102 and above the powder making internals 101 .

[0093] The rotating separation device 102 is close to the powder outlet 105 above the powder making equipment.

[0094] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the rotating separation device 102 includes a screen structure, the rotating separation device 102 is movably connected to the powder making device 1, and the rotating separation device 102 is a rotatable device.

[0095] The included angle α2 between the outer side wall of the screen structure and the horizontal line is 90°, and the included angle α3 between the inner side wall and the horizontal line is 45°.

[0096] The design of the screen structure helps to increase the fluidity of the powder during the screening process. Due to the change in cross-section, the powder may experience more directional changes and mixing during the screening process, which helps the powder to be more evenly distributed on the screen structure and improve screening efficiency.

[0097] The change in cross section may cause the powder to form more obvious stratification during the screening process. Large particles are more likely to be pushed to the edge or lower layer of the screen structure, while small particles are more likely to pass through the screen structure, achieving better screening effects.

[0098] A wear-resistant liner 108 is provided on the inner wall of the equipment housing 106 , and the wear-resistant liner 108 is used to ensure the efficient and stable operation of the powder making equipment 1 and ensure that the powder making particle size meets the requirements.

[0099] In this embodiment, the wear-resistant liner 108 is located at the outer edge of the powder-making internal component 107 close to the equipment housing 106 .

[0100] A leak-proof lining is provided at the position where the rotating separation device 102 contacts the inner wall of the equipment housing 106 to prevent the powder from being directly sent out of the powder making device without being screened by the screen structure, thereby ensuring that the powder screened by the powder making device has a uniform particle size.

[0101] The powder making equipment is arranged to be placed vertically. In some embodiments, the powder making equipment is arranged to be placed horizontally.

[0102] Through the cooperation between the rotating separation device 102 and the screen structure, the powder making equipment obtains powder with a particle size of ≤2 mm after grinding.

[0103] The rotary separation device 102 changes the screening air volume by adjusting the rotation speed, thereby changing the particle size distribution of the powder leaving the powder making equipment.

[0104] The equipment housing, wear-resistant lining 108, powder-making internal parts 101, and rotating separation device 102 are made of wear-resistant materials, and the wear-resistant materials include but are not limited to cemented carbide and tungsten carbide; or wear-resistant materials are sprayed or welded on the inner wall of the powder-making equipment to increase the service life of the powder-making equipment.

[0105] Specifically, the raw material enters the device housing from the raw material inlet 104, and contacts and collides with the rotating powder-making internal component 102. The powder-making internal component 102 breaks the raw material, and at the same time, gas enters the device housing from the gas inlet 103, blowing the broken powder upward to contact the rotating separation device 102. The powder that passes through the screen structure on the rotating separation device 102 is sent out of the powder-making device 1 from the powder outlet 105, and the powder that does not pass through the screen structure on the rotating separation device 102 continues to contact and collide with the powder-making internal component 101 in the device housing until it can pass through the screen structure on the rotating separation device 102. During the operation of the powder-making internal components 101 and the rotary separation device 102, a cooling medium is introduced into the powder-making circulation device and the separation circulation device to transfer and reduce the heat generated during their operation, thereby extending their service life or preventing the crushed powder from agglomerating or sticking again in an elevated temperature environment, so that the raw materials can pass through the rotary separation device 102 quickly and smoothly as soon as they are crushed to obtain powder, thereby preventing the powder from accumulating on the powder-making internal components 101 and the rotary separation device 102 due to their low particle size, thereby affecting the powder-making efficiency.

[0106] In some embodiments, Figure 8 As shown, when the rotating separation device 102 includes a fan blade separation structure, the rotating separation device 102 is fixedly connected to the powder making device 1, and the rotating separation device 102 also includes a rotating central axis, and the fan blade separation structure includes a plurality of fan blades evenly arranged around the rotating central axis, and the angle α1 between the fan blade and the rotating central axis is 80°. In some embodiments, the fan blade separation structure may also be provided with multiple layers of fan blades, and the fan blade projection area decreases from the side close to the powder making internal part 101 to the side of the powder outlet 105.

[0107] The rotating separation device 102 is a cylindrical structure connected up and down.

[0108] During the rotation of the fan blades, the air volume entering the powder making device from the gas inlet and the diameter of the rotating separation device meet the following formula: , Where: D——diameter of the rotary separation device 102, m; Q——air volume, m3 / h; k——calculation coefficient, any value between 0.5 and 10; ω——rotational speed of the rotary separation device 102, m / s; D is 1.047m, Q is 14200m 3 / h, k is 1.2, ω is 3m / s.

[0109] In some embodiments, Fig. 9 As shown, when the side wall of the rotating separation device 102 includes a cylindrical structure of screening holes, the rotating separation device 102 is movably connected to the powder making device 1, the rotating separation device 102 is a rotatable device, and the screening holes are rectangular screening holes. In some embodiments, the structure of the screening holes can also be circular or irregular.

[0110] The rotating separation device 102 is a cylindrical structure with a closed lower end and an open upper end and side walls.

[0111] During the rotation of the rotating separation device 102, the air volume entering the powder making device from the gas inlet and the diameter of the rotating separation device meet the following formula: , Where: D——diameter of the rotary separation device 102, m; Q——air volume, m 3 / h; k——calculation coefficient, any value between 0.5 and 10; ω——rotational speed of the rotary separation device 102, m / s; D is 0.878m, Q is 10000m 3 / h, k is 1.2, ω is 3m / s.

[0112] Example 2 like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a powder making unit B, which includes the powder making equipment 1, the powder making gas-solid separation equipment 2, and the filtering device 3 in Example 1 in order according to the direction of the raw materials.

[0113] A powder conveying pipeline 4 is provided between the powder making equipment 1 and the powder making gas-solid separation equipment 2. The powder conveying pipeline 4 is in an inverted "L" shape. The powder conveying pipeline 4 is located above the powder making equipment 1 and is connected to the powder outlet 105 of the powder making equipment 1. The powder conveying pipeline 4 is used to convey the powder mixed with gas to the powder making gas-solid separation equipment 2 for gas-solid separation.

[0114] The pulverizing gas-solid separation equipment 2 comprises a pulverizing gas-solid separation collecting cone for collecting the powder separated in the pulverizing gas-solid separation equipment, and the angle β1 between the pulverizing gas-solid separation collecting cone and the horizontal is 70°.

[0115] In this embodiment, the filtering device 3 is a bag filter.

[0116] The filtering device 3 comprises a filtering collecting cone for collecting the powder separated in the filtering device 3 , and the angle β2 between the filtering collecting cone and the horizontal is 60°.

[0117] Specifically, in this embodiment, the raw material is prepared into powder in the powder making equipment 1, and the powder sent out from the powder making equipment 1 is subjected to the first gas-solid separation in the powder making gas-solid separation equipment 2, wherein the powder making gas-solid separation equipment 2 collects 95% of the powder sent out from the powder making equipment 1 by weight, and the remaining powder is sent to the filtering device 3 by the gas flow, and the remaining powder is separated, and the powder separated by the powder gas-solid separation equipment 2 and the filtering device 3 is collected by the powder making gas-solid separation collecting cone and the filtering collecting cone.

[0118] The powder making gas-solid separation collecting cone and the filtering collecting cone are provided with a powder unit discharge port for sending the collected powder out of the powder making unit B.

[0119] The powder making unit B is also provided with a cooling tank, which is connected to the powder making equipment 1 and is used to provide cooling medium for the powder making equipment 1; The powder making unit B also includes a circulating fan 5, which is connected to the filtering device 3 and the powder making equipment 1, and is used to receive the gas sent from the filtering device 3 and circulate the gas back to the powder making device 1 to achieve the recycling of the gas.

[0120] The circulating fan 5 is connected to the powder making equipment 1 via a gas circulation pipeline 6 .

[0121] The gas circulation pipeline 6 includes a venting pipeline 601 , and a venting regulating valve 602 is provided on the venting pipeline 601 to balance the moisture and heat in the powder making unit B or change the venting amount by adjusting the opening of the venting regulating valve 602 .

[0122] In some embodiments, the gas circulation pipeline 6 is connected to the gas inlet 103 in the powder making equipment 1 . In this embodiment, the gas circulation pipeline 6 is connected to the equipment housing in the powder making equipment 1 .

[0123] Example 3 like Figure 4As shown, this embodiment provides a system for preparing synthesis gas using biomass as raw material. The overall system is a "one-step" method for preparing synthesis gas. The system includes a biomass raw material pre-crushing unit A, a powder making unit B in Example 2, a powder conveying unit C, and a powder gasification unit D in sequence according to the direction of the raw material.

[0124] In this embodiment, the raw material is a biomass raw material; the moisture content of the biomass raw material is 15wt%.

[0125] In this embodiment, the biomass raw material is solid organic waste, including but not limited to trees and logging residues, straw and agricultural residues, urban garbage, and human and animal feces.

[0126] like Figure 5 As shown, the biomass raw material pre-crushing unit A includes a crushing device 7.

[0127] The biomass raw material pre-crushing unit A also includes an induced draft fan 8 and a first gas-solid separation device 9; The induced draft fan 8 and the first gas-solid separation device 9 are used to reduce the pollution to the environment caused by dust generated by the crushing device 1 when crushing the biomass raw materials.

[0128] The crushing device 7 is connected to a feeding device, and the feeding device is used to transport the raw materials to the biomass raw material pre-crushing unit for crushing.

[0129] In this embodiment, the crushing equipment only needs to be able to obtain crushed materials with a particle size of ≤1.5 cm.

[0130] The induced draft fan 8 includes a gas inlet. The gas enters the induced draft fan 8, mixes with the crushed material obtained by the crushing equipment 7, and enters the first gas-solid separation equipment 9 for gas-solid separation. The crushed material obtained after separation is sent from the raw material outlet of the first gas-solid separation equipment 9 to the next unit for subsequent processing. The separated gas obtained after separation is discharged from the exhaust port of the first gas-solid separation equipment 9.

[0131] The separated gas can be circulated back into the induced draft fan 8 to continue to be mixed with the crushed material for the next time.

[0132] In this embodiment, the gas in the biomass raw material pre-crushing unit is air. In some embodiments, the gas is an inert gas or any gas that can be mixed with the crushed material.

[0133] The biomass raw material pre-crushing unit A also includes a dust removal device 10 connected to the first gas-solid separation device 9. The dust removal device 10 is connected to the exhaust port to remove dust contained in the gas exhausted from the first gas-solid separation device 9 to reduce environmental pollution.

[0134] like Figure 6 As shown, the powder conveying unit C is specifically provided with a normal pressure tank 11, a variable pressure tank 12, and a high pressure tank 13 in order from top to bottom according to the direction of the raw materials; A first shut-off valve 14 is provided between the atmospheric pressure tank 11 and the pressure-changing tank 12 , and a second shut-off valve 15 is provided between the pressure-changing tank 12 and the high-pressure tank 13 .

[0135] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first shut-off valve 14 is kept closed, and the raw materials sent from the previous unit first enter the atmospheric pressure tank 11 for storage. When the raw materials in the transformer tank 12 are emptied, the second shut-off valve 15 is closed, and the pressure is released through the pressure relief line 16. When the pressure is equal to that of the atmospheric pressure tank 11, the first shut-off valve 14 is opened, and the raw materials in the atmospheric pressure tank 11 enter the transformer tank 12. When the transformer tank 12 is full of raw materials, the first shut-off valve 14 is closed, and inert gas is charged into the transformer tank 12 through the pressure charging line 17, so that the pressure in the transformer tank 12 becomes 5MPag. When the pressure in the transformer tank 12 is equal to the pressure in the high-pressure tank 13, the second shut-off valve 15 is opened, and the raw materials in the transformer tank 12 enter the high-pressure tank 13. The pressure in the high-pressure tank 13 is 5Mpag.

[0136] The pressure difference between the pressure in the high-pressure tank 13 and the operating pressure of the gasification unit D is controlled to be 0.5 MPag. A delivery pipeline is provided between the high-pressure tank 13 and the gasification unit D. A flow regulating valve 18 is provided on the delivery pipeline. The delivery density of the delivery pipeline is 200 kg / m 3 , In this embodiment, the powder conveying unit C is further provided with a pressure relief filter 19 , which is connected to the pressure transformer tank 12 via a pressure relief pipeline 16 and is used for receiving the gas released from the pressure transformer tank 12 and the high-pressure tank 13 .

[0137] In this embodiment, the inert gas charged into the pressure transformer tank through the pressure charging pipeline 17 is CO2. In some embodiments, the inert gas is N2.

[0138] In this embodiment, the gasification unit D includes a gasification reaction furnace.

[0139] The particle size of the raw material entering the gasification unit is ≤2mm; the operating conditions of the gasification reactor are: oxygen-deficient combustion, and the furnace operating pressure of the gasification reactor is 3MPag.

[0140] In this embodiment, a crude synthesis gas with carbon monoxide and hydrogen as effective gases is generated, and the volume component of the effective gases in the crude synthesis gas is 89%. The carbon conversion rate is 99.6%. The synthesis gas prepared by this embodiment does not carry water or ash downstream, the water quality is excellent, and the system operates stably for a long period of time.

[0141] Example 4 like Figure 7 As shown, based on Example 3, a granulation unit E and a drying unit F are included between the biomass raw material pre-crushing unit A and the powder making unit B.

[0142] In this embodiment, the granulation unit E includes a granulation device. In some embodiments, the granulation unit E includes or a briquetting device. The raw materials sent from the previous unit to the granulation unit E are compressed by the granulation device or the briquetting device to obtain granular materials or block materials.

[0143] The granulation equipment is a ring-mode granulation equipment. In some embodiments, it is a flat-mode granulation equipment, which can realize the function of compressing the raw materials into granules or briquettes.

[0144] In this embodiment, the compression ratio of the granulating device or the briquetting device is 10-20; the compression ratio is the value of the effective thickness divided by the pore size.

[0145] In some embodiments, the relationship between the compression ratio, ton consumption and bulk density is shown in Table 1:

[0146] In this embodiment, the volume of the granular material or block material is controlled to be 5-20cm 3 between.

[0147] In this embodiment, the granular material is cylindrical. In some embodiments, the granular material is rectangular, cube-shaped, or irregular granular.

[0148] The drying unit F comprises a heating device, the heating temperature of the heating device is 200°C, and the outlet temperature of the heating device is 55°C.

[0149] The raw material from the previous unit enters the drying unit for drying to obtain a dried material, and the moisture content of the dried material is 7-8 wt%.

[0150] The drying method of the drying equipment includes but is not limited to fuel gas heating, steam heating or electric heating.

[0151] The material transportation between each unit is realized by gravity flow in pipelines or screw conveyors or bucket elevators.

[0152] In this embodiment, a crude synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen as effective gases is generated. The volume composition of the effective gases in the crude synthesis gas is 89%, and the carbon conversion rate is 99.6%.

[0153] Comparative Example 1 The synthesis gas was prepared by using the existing technology disclosed in CN109097078A, namely, carbonization followed by pulverization, i.e., the "two-step method". A crude synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen as effective gases was generated, wherein the volume composition of the effective gases in the crude synthesis gas was 81%, and the carbon conversion rate was 97.5%.

[0154] Cost calculation of the embodiments and comparative examples: Example 4 The cost calculation table for preparing biomass powder by "one-step method" is shown in Table 2: Table 2 Example 4 Cost calculation table for preparing biomass powder by "one-step method"

[0155] Comparative Example 1 The cost calculation table for preparing biomass powder by the "two-step method" is shown in Table 2: Table 3 Comparative Example 1 Cost calculation table for preparing biomass powder by "two-step method"

[0156] The above tons of products are biomass powder.

[0157] It can be seen that the device, system and process for preparing synthesis gas by the "one-step method" of the present invention can achieve the beneficial effects of high efficiency, uniform particle size of the powder material, and no need for carbonization. Compared with the existing "two-step" powder making technology route of carbonization first and then powder making, based on 20 tons / hour of raw materials, the "one-step method" proposed by the present invention can save 189 yuan / ton in cost and 49 yuan / ton in electricity in the rough crushing, granulation and powder making stages.

[0158] In addition, the by-product wood vinegar of the "two-step method" route needs to be processed and purified multiple times to reach the quality of industrial sales, which not only reduces the production capacity of tons of raw material synthesis gas, but also requires increased investment in purification and separation production lines; the "one-step method" of the present invention has no raw material loss, and all the ground raw materials enter the gasification unit to produce synthesis gas.

[0159] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to what has been described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A flour making device, characterized in that: It comprises an equipment housing, and a powder making internal part (101) and a rotating separation device (102) which are arranged in the equipment housing in order from bottom to top; A gas inlet (103) is provided at the bottom of the device housing, and a raw material inlet (104) and a powder outlet (105) are provided at the top of the device housing; A powder making circulation device is provided outside or inside the powder making internal part (101); And / or a separation circulation device is provided outside or inside the rotating separation device (102).

2. The flour making equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating separation device (102) is a cylindrical structure; The air volume entering the powder making device from the gas inlet and the diameter of the rotary separation device (102) conform to the following formula: ， Where: D——diameter of the rotary separation device (102), m; Q——air volume, m 3 / h; k——calculation coefficient, any value between 0.5 and 10; ω——rotational speed of the rotary separation device (102), m / s.

3. The flour making equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas inlet (103) is located on the device housing (106) near the device base (107); The raw material inlet (104) is located below the rotary separation device (102) and above the powder making internal component (101).

4. A flour milling unit, characterized in that: The powder making unit comprises, in order according to the direction of the raw materials, the powder making equipment (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, a powder making gas-solid separation equipment (2), and a filtering device (3).

5. The flour making unit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pulverizing gas-solid separation equipment (2) comprises a pulverizing gas-solid separation collecting cone, wherein the angle β1 between the pulverizing gas-solid separation collecting cone and the horizontal is ≥60°; The filtering device (3) comprises a filtering material collecting cone, wherein the angle β2 between the filtering material collecting cone and the horizontal is ≥60°.

6. A system for preparing synthesis gas using biomass as raw material, characterized in that: The system includes, in order according to the direction of the raw materials, a biomass raw material pre-crushing unit, a powder making unit according to any one of claims 4-5, a powder conveying unit, and a powder gasification unit.

7. The system for preparing synthesis gas using biomass as raw material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The biomass raw material pre-crushing unit comprises a crushing device (7); The powder material conveying unit comprises, from top to bottom, a normal pressure tank (11), a variable pressure tank (12), and a high pressure tank (13) according to the direction of the raw materials; The gasification unit includes a gasification reaction furnace.

8. The system for preparing synthesis gas using biomass as raw material according to claim 6, characterized in that: A granulating unit and / or a drying unit are included between the biomass raw material pre-crushing unit and the powder making unit; The granulation unit includes a granulation device or a briquetting device; The drying unit comprises a heating device.

9. A synthesis gas, characterized in that: The synthesis gas is prepared by the system for preparing synthesis gas using biomass as raw material according to any one of claims 6 to 8.

10. A product prepared from synthesis gas according to claim 9, characterized in that The products include fertilizers, alcohol compounds, ammonia compounds, ether compounds, industrial fuel gas, and synthetic oil.

Images