Compound organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizers, in particular to a compound organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. Comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-600 parts of an organic carbon fertilizer, 40-80 parts of a nitrogen fertilizer, 80-300 parts of a potassium fertilizer and 3-10 parts of a chelated trace element fertilizer. The organic leavening formed by synergistically combining chicken manure, cow dung and pig manure is used as a fertilizer raw material, so that waste is turned into wealth, and the preparation cost of the fertilizer is reduced. The multi-element chelated trace element fertilizer has a remarkable plant growth regulation effect, can effectively promote yield and income increase, and greatly improves the nutritional degree required by plants, so that the growth of crops can be greatly promoted; medium elements generated in the waste after microbial fermentation contain aromatic hydroxy carboxylic acid, carbohydrate, amino acid and protein, and have significant effects on improving soil properties, promoting crop growth and improving crop quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizers, in particular to a composite organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In current agricultural production, in order to increase the yield of crops, a large number of chemical fertilizers are used to cultivate crops. However, the long-term and large-scale use of chemical fertilizers will increase the dependence of crops on chemical fertilizers year by year, and the soil fertilizer will become less and less. When chemical fertilizers are used to irrigate crops, the actual utilization rate is only 35%, and the remaining part evaporates into the atmosphere or flows into rivers and lakes with water, causing increasingly serious environmental problems such as soil compaction, air and water pollution, which pose a serious threat to the health and survival of humans and other organisms.

[0003] Organic fertilizers prepared from organic carbon and humic acid fertilizers have the nutrients required by the soil, and also have the function of slow-release of nutrients. They have the performance of improving soil aggregate structure, increasing soil water retention, and promoting the activity of rhizosphere microbial flora. Chelated trace element fertilizer is a new type of chelated fertilizer made using chelation technology. This form of fertilizer is not easily fixed in the soil, is easily soluble in water, is conducive to crop absorption, and can avoid or reduce nutrient loss and improve fertilizer utilization. The fertilizer efficiency of chelated trace fertilizer is 2-5 times that of inorganic trace fertilizer. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof in view of the technical defects of the existing fertilizers in the prior art, such as low fertilizer utilization rate, nutrient loss, and failure to fully act on crops.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A composite organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0007] 100-600 parts of organic carbon fertilizer, 40-80 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 80-300 parts of potassium fertilizer, and 3-10 parts of chelated trace element fertilizer.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the organic carbon fertilizer is made from animal manure, which includes chicken manure, duck manure, pig manure, and cow manure mixed in a certain mass ratio. Preferably, the chicken manure, duck manure, pig manure, and cow manure are mixed in a weight ratio of 1-2:0-2:1-4:2-3.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nitrogen fertilizer is ammonium nitrate nitrogen fertilizer.

[0010] Preferably, the nitrogen fertilizer includes urease, and the weight ratio of the urease to the nitrogen fertilizer is 1:(35-100). The urease is used to quickly decompose the nitrogen fertilizer into nitrogen dioxide and water, thereby accelerating plant absorption and accelerating the fertilizer effect.

[0011] Preferably, the nitrogen fertilizer also includes a nitrification inhibitor, and the weight ratio of the nitrification inhibitor to the nitrogen fertilizer is 1:(100-200). By adding a small amount of nitrification inhibitor, the accumulation of nitrate nitrogen in the soil can be reduced to a certain extent, the loss of nitrate nitrogen in the form of nitrogen can be reduced, and the positive effect of the fertilizer can be improved.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the potash fertilizer is potassium oxide.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the chelated trace element fertilizer includes one or a mixture of two or more of chelated Fe, chelated Mn, chelated Zn and chelated Cu.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, 20-60 parts of composite microorganisms are also included, and the composite microorganisms include Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus subtilis in a weight ratio of 1:1.

[0015] A method for preparing the above-mentioned composite organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Weigh each raw material according to weight and set aside;

[0017] Step 2: Evenly mix and crush the organic carbon fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, and chelated trace element fertilizer, and put them into a fermentation tank for fermentation treatment;

[0018] Step 3: Add composite microorganisms and an appropriate amount of water to the fermentation tank, ferment at 35-50° C. for 8-20 days, adjust the pH value to 6.5-7.5, and obtain primary fermentation fertilizer;

[0019] Step 4: Cool the initially fermented fertilizer to room temperature, ferment it at no less than 60° C. for no less than 8 days, and then dry it in the sun to obtain a water-soluble fertilizer.

[0020] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] In the technical scheme of the present invention, organic fermentation products formed by the synergistic combination of chicken manure, cow manure and pig manure are used as fertilizer raw materials, which turns waste into treasure and reduces the cost of fertilizer production. After adding the composite microorganisms formed by the mixture of Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus subtilis into the soil, they form a mutual symbiotic proliferation relationship with the microorganisms in the soil, inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria and convert them into beneficial bacteria. The microorganisms will produce a large amount of metabolites during the growth and reproduction process, promote the decomposition and conversion of organic matter, effectively promote crop growth, and significantly increase crop yields; and the microorganisms have little mutual interference, the fertilizer effect is significant, and the effect is fast. Bacillus megaterium can convert the fixed potassium in the soil into quick-acting potassium that can be absorbed and utilized by plants.

[0022] In the technical solution of the present invention, urease is used to quickly decompose nitrogen fertilizer into nitrogen dioxide and water, thereby accelerating plant absorption and accelerating the fertilizer effect. By adding a small amount of nitrification inhibitor, the accumulation of nitrate nitrogen in the soil can be reduced to a certain extent, the loss of nitrate nitrogen in the form of nitrogen can be reduced, and the positive effect of the fertilizer can be improved.

[0023] In the technical solution of the present invention, the multi-chelated trace element fertilizer has a significant plant growth regulating effect, can effectively promote increased production and income, greatly improves the nutritional level required by plants, and thus can greatly promote crop growth; the secondary elements produced in the waste after microbial fermentation contain aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acids, carbohydrates, amino acids, and proteins, which have a significant effect on improving soil properties, promoting crop growth, and improving crop quality. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention is described in detail below.

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail in the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] A composite organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0028] 100 parts of organic carbon fertilizer;

[0029] 80 parts of potassium oxide;

[0030] 40 parts of ammonium nitrate fertilizer, including 0.4 parts of urease and 0.2 parts of nitrification inhibitor;

[0031] 1.5 parts of chelated Fe; 1.5 parts of chelated Mn; 0.5 parts of chelated Zn;

[0032] 10 parts of Bacillus megaterium; 10 parts of Bacillus subtilis;

[0033] The preparation method of compound organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0034] Step 1: Weigh the above raw materials according to weight and set aside;

[0035] Step 2: Evenly mix and crush the organic carbon fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, and chelated trace element fertilizer, and put them into a fermentation tank for fermentation treatment;

[0036] Step 3: Add composite microorganisms and an appropriate amount of water to the fermentation tank, ferment at 35-50° C. for 8-20 days, adjust the pH value to 6.5-7.5, and obtain primary fermentation fertilizer;

[0037] Step 4: Cool the initially fermented fertilizer to room temperature, ferment it at no less than 60° C. for no less than 8 days, and then dry it in the sun to obtain a water-soluble fertilizer.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] Different from Example 1, in this embodiment, the compound organic fertilizer includes the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0040] 600 copies of organic carbon fertilizer;

[0041] 300 parts of potassium oxide;

[0042] 80 parts of ammonium nitrate nitrogen fertilizer, including 0.8 parts of urease and 0.4 parts of nitrification inhibitor;

[0043] 3 parts of chelated Fe; 3 parts of chelated Mn; 4 parts of chelated Zn;

[0044] 30 parts of Bacillus megaterium; 30 parts of Bacillus subtilis;

[0045] The rest is the same as Example 1.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] The difference between Example 3 and Example 1 is only that:

[0048] The compound organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0049] 300 parts of organic carbon fertilizer; including 70 parts of chicken manure, 100 parts of duck manure, 70 parts of pig manure, and 60 parts of cow manure;

[0050] 150 parts of potassium oxide;

[0051] 60 parts of ammonium nitrate fertilizer, including 0.3 parts of urease and 0.3 parts of nitrification inhibitor;

[0052] 2 parts of chelated Fe; 2 parts of chelated Mn; 1.8 parts of chelated Cu;

[0053] 15 parts of Bacillus megaterium; 15 parts of Bacillus subtilis;

[0054] The compound fertilizers prepared in Examples 1-3 and commercially available organic fertilizers were used to irrigate corn, and the test results were as follows:

[0055] Fertilizer application amount kg / mu Corn yield kg / mu Increase rate% Example 1 20.2 864 20 Example 2 20.1 870 20.8 Example 3 20.1 843 17.1 Existing fertilizers 20 750 4

[0056] From the above test results, it can be seen that the use of compound fertilizers in Examples 1-3 of the present application to irrigate corn can greatly increase the yield of corn compared to the blank group of irrigating fertilizer. In Example 2, the yield increase is the highest.

[0057] Comparative Example 1

[0058] A composite organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0059] 100 parts of organic carbon fertilizer;

[0060] 80 parts of potassium oxide;

[0061] 40 parts of ammonium nitrate fertilizer, including 0.4 parts of urease and 0.2 parts of nitrification inhibitor;

[0062] 1.5 parts of chelated Fe; 1.5 parts of chelated Mn; 0.5 parts of chelated Zn;

[0063] The preparation method of compound organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0064] Step 1: Weigh the above raw materials according to weight and set aside;

[0065] Step 2: Evenly mix and crush the organic carbon fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, and chelated trace element fertilizer, and put them into a fermentation tank for fermentation treatment;

[0066] Step 3: adding an appropriate amount of water to the fermentation tank, fermenting at 35-50° C. for 8-20 days, adjusting the pH value to 6.5-7.5, and obtaining a primary fermentation fertilizer;

[0067] Step 4: Cool the initially fermented fertilizer to room temperature, ferment it at no less than 60° C. for no less than 8 days, and then dry it in the sun to obtain a water-soluble fertilizer.

[0068] Comparative Example 2

[0069] A composite organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0070] 100 parts of organic carbon fertilizer;

[0071] 80 parts of potassium oxide;

[0072] 40 parts of ammonium nitrate nitrogen fertilizer, including 0.2 parts of nitrification inhibitor;

[0073] 1.5 parts of chelated Fe; 1.5 parts of chelated Mn; 0.5 parts of chelated Zn;

[0074] 10 parts of Bacillus megaterium; 10 parts of Bacillus subtilis;

[0075] The preparation method of compound organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0076] Step 1: Weigh the above raw materials according to weight and set aside;

[0077] Step 2: Evenly mix and crush the organic carbon fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, and chelated trace element fertilizer, and put them into a fermentation tank for fermentation treatment;

[0078] Step 3: Add composite microorganisms and an appropriate amount of water to the fermentation tank, ferment at 35-50° C. for 8-20 days, adjust the pH value to 6.5-7.5, and obtain primary fermentation fertilizer;

[0079] Step 4: Cool the initially fermented fertilizer to room temperature, ferment it at no less than 60° C. for no less than 8 days, and then dry it in the sun to obtain a water-soluble fertilizer.

[0080] Comparative Example 3

[0081] A composite organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0082] 100 parts of organic carbon fertilizer;

[0083] 80 parts of potassium oxide;

[0084] 40 parts of ammonium nitrate fertilizer, including 0.4 parts of urease;

[0085] 1.5 parts of chelated Fe; 1.5 parts of chelated Mn; 0.5 parts of chelated Zn;

[0086] 10 parts of Bacillus megaterium; 10 parts of Bacillus subtilis;

[0087] The preparation method of compound organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0088] Step 1: Weigh the above raw materials according to weight and set aside;

[0089] Step 2: Evenly mix and crush the organic carbon fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, and chelated trace element fertilizer, and put them into a fermentation tank for fermentation treatment;

[0090] Step 3: Add composite microorganisms and an appropriate amount of water to the fermentation tank, ferment at 35-50° C. for 8-20 days, adjust the pH value to 6.5-7.5, and obtain primary fermentation fertilizer;

[0091] Step 4: Cool the initially fermented fertilizer to room temperature, ferment it at no less than 60° C. for no less than 8 days, and then dry it in the sun to obtain a water-soluble fertilizer.

[0092] The biological fertilizers and common organic fertilizers prepared in Comparative Examples 1-3 were used to irrigate corns, and the effect tests were carried out. The test results showed that compared with Example 1, the crop yield of Comparative Example 1 was reduced by 4%, and the quality comparison of corn was realistic. The corn in Comparative Example 1 had a lower grain fullness than that in Example 1, and the average weight of a single grain was reduced by 15-20g compared with Example 1. Compared with Example 1, Comparative Example 2 had a weaker nitrogen fertilizer conversion capacity in the fertilizer due to the lack of urease, which affected the subsequent corn yield. In Comparative Example 3, due to the lack of a certain nitrification inhibitor, the nitrogen fertilizer could not be fully used on the crop, and the effect of the nitrogen fertilizer was not obvious enough. The overall fertilizer efficiency was reduced.

[0093] In the technical scheme of the present invention, organic fermentation products formed by the synergistic combination of chicken manure, cow manure and pig manure are used as fertilizer raw materials, which turns waste into treasure and reduces the cost of fertilizer production. After adding the composite microorganisms formed by the mixture of Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus subtilis into the soil, they form a mutual symbiotic proliferation relationship with the microorganisms in the soil, inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria and convert them into beneficial bacteria. The microorganisms will produce a large amount of metabolites during the growth and reproduction process, promote the decomposition and conversion of organic matter, effectively promote crop growth, and significantly increase crop yields; and the microorganisms have little mutual interference, the fertilizer effect is significant, and the effect is fast. Bacillus megaterium can convert the fixed potassium in the soil into quick-acting potassium that can be absorbed and utilized by plants.

[0094] In the technical solution of the present invention, urease is used to quickly decompose nitrogen fertilizer into nitrogen dioxide and water, thereby accelerating plant absorption and accelerating the fertilizer effect. By adding a small amount of nitrification inhibitor, the accumulation of nitrate nitrogen in the soil can be reduced to a certain extent, the loss of nitrate nitrogen in the form of nitrogen can be reduced, and the positive effect of the fertilizer can be improved.

[0095] In the technical solution of the present invention, the multi-chelated trace element fertilizer has a significant plant growth regulating effect, can effectively promote increased production and income, greatly improves the nutritional level required by plants, and thus can greatly promote crop growth; the secondary elements produced in the waste after microbial fermentation contain aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acids, carbohydrates, amino acids, and proteins, which have a significant effect on improving soil properties, promoting crop growth, and improving crop quality.

[0096] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite organic fertilizer, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-600 parts of organic carbon fertilizer, 40-80 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 80-300 parts of potassium fertilizer, and 3-10 parts of chelated trace element fertilizer.

2. The composite organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that The organic carbon fertilizer is made from animal manure, which includes chicken manure, duck manure, pig manure and cow manure. The chicken manure, duck manure, pig manure and cow manure are mixed in a weight ratio of (1-2): (1-2): (2-4): (2-3).

3. The composite organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that The nitrogen fertilizer is ammonium nitrate nitrogen fertilizer.

4. The composite organic fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that The nitrogen fertilizer comprises urease, and the weight ratio of the urease to the nitrogen fertilizer is 1:(35-100).

5. The composite organic fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The nitrogen fertilizer also includes a nitrification inhibitor, and the weight ratio of the nitrification inhibitor to the nitrogen fertilizer is 1:(100-200).

6. The composite organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that The potash fertilizer is potassium oxide.

7. The composite organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that The chelated trace element fertilizer includes one or a mixture of two or more of chelated Fe, chelated Mn, chelated Zn and chelated Cu.

8. The composite organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes composite microorganisms, which include Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus subtilis in a weight ratio of 1:

1.

9. A method for preparing the composite organic fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Weigh each raw material according to weight and set aside; Step 2: Evenly mix and crush the organic carbon fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, and chelated trace element fertilizer, and put them into a fermentation tank for fermentation treatment; Step 3: Add composite microorganisms and an appropriate amount of water to the fermentation tank, ferment at 35-50° C. for 8-20 days, adjust the pH value to 6.5-7.5, and obtain primary fermentation fertilizer; Step 4: Cool the initially fermented fertilizer to room temperature, ferment it at no less than 60° C. for no less than 8 days, and then dry it in the sun to obtain a water-soluble fertilizer.