Pickling device and pickling method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of acid pickling, and discloses an acid pickling device and an acid pickling method.The acid pickling device comprises a balance frame, a swing unit, a hook and a control unit; the balance frame is connected with the control unit through a rolling shaft, the swing units are arranged on the two sides of the balance frame and arranged downwards, the swing units are movably connected with the balance frame through connecting shafts, the hooks are arranged on the two sides of the bottom of each swing unit respectively and fixedly connected with the swing units, and the balance frame is arranged on one side of the control unit. The hook is used for being connected with a pickling basket, a metal workpiece swings left and right by 0-45 degrees and throws up and down by 0-300 millimeters in the pickling basket, the contact opportunity of the metal workpiece and a pickling solution can be greatly increased, it is ensured that each part can make full contact with the pickling solution, and therefore the uniformity and thoroughness of pickling are improved; the technical problem that industrial injury risks are increased due to the fact that pickling depends on manual operation in the prior art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of pickling, and relates to a pickling device and a pickling method. Background Art

[0002] After metal workpieces are left for a long time, they will produce rust on their surface due to chemical reactions with oxygen and water vapor in the air. These rusts not only affect the appearance of metal workpieces, but also may reduce their mechanical properties and service life. Therefore, these rusts need to be cleaned.

[0003] Metal pickling uses acid (such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, etc.) to wash the rust on the surface of the metal workpiece, dissolving or peeling off the rust through chemical reactions, thereby achieving the purpose of cleaning. During the pickling process, the acid reacts with the rust to produce soluble salts and water, which can be washed away with the acid. At present, most pickling still relies on manual work. The parts that need to be pickled are usually large in mass (such as about 30 kg / frame). Manual operation is not only inefficient, but also extremely labor-intensive, increasing the risk of work-related injuries. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a pickling device and a pickling method, which can realize unmanned processing of the pickling process, reduce labor intensity, avoid the influence of human factors on product quality, and solve the technical problem that pickling in the prior art relies on manual operation and increases the risk of work-related injuries.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The present invention provides a pickling device, comprising a balancing frame, a swing unit, a hook, and a control unit; the balancing frame is connected to the control unit via a roller, the swing unit is arranged on both sides of the balancing frame and is arranged downward, the swing unit and the balancing frame are movably connected via a connecting shaft, a plurality of hooks are respectively arranged on both sides of the bottom of the swing unit and are fixedly connected to the swing unit, the balancing frame is arranged on one side of the control unit, and the hook is used to be connected to a pickling basket.

[0006] Furthermore, it also includes a pickling basket arranged at the lower end of the hook, the pickling basket is detachably connected to the hook, and the pickling basket is used to place metal workpieces.

[0007] Furthermore, the swing unit includes a swing block and a swing rod; the swing block and the swing rod are arranged at the lower end of the balance frame from top to bottom, the swing block is movably connected to the balance frame through a connecting shaft, and the swing rod is fixedly connected to the swing block.

[0008] Furthermore, a support rod is provided at one side of the lower ends of two adjacent swing blocks close to the control unit, and both ends of the support rod are fixedly connected to the swing blocks respectively.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a pickling tank, which is arranged on the ground, and the pickling basket enters the pickling tank through the control unit to clean the metal workpiece.

[0010] Furthermore, the inclination angle of the gimbal is 0-45°.

[0011] Furthermore, the pickling basket swings up and down by a distance of 0-300 mm.

[0012] Furthermore, the balance frame, the swing unit, the hook and the support rod are made of 316L stainless steel.

[0013] Furthermore, the hooks arranged on both sides of the bottom of the swing unit are arranged opposite to each other.

[0014] The present invention also provides a pickling method, comprising the following steps: the swing rod moves downward, and the hook is engaged with the pickling basket; the pickling basket enters the pickling tank, and is flipped left and right under the action of the control unit to pickle the metal workpiece in the pickling basket; within a preset time, the pickling basket enters the next pickling tank.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: The present invention provides a pickling device, which can achieve precise control of the hook grabbing and disengaging actions through a control unit, and can accurately grab the pickling basket. The metal workpiece is swung 0-45° left and right and thrown 0-300 mm up and down in the pickling basket, which can greatly increase the contact opportunity between the metal workpiece and the pickling liquid. The traditional static pickling method may cause insufficient contact between some areas of the part surface and the pickling liquid, thereby affecting the pickling effect. This dynamic movement method can make the pickling liquid continuously flow and flush on the surface of the metal workpiece, ensuring that each part can fully contact with the pickling liquid, thereby improving the uniformity and thoroughness of the pickling.

[0016] The pickling device of the present invention can meet the pickling processing requirements of different parts by accurately controlling the swing angle and tossing amplitude of the pickling basket. For some parts with high pickling accuracy requirements, the swing and tossing parameters can be adjusted according to factors such as their material, shape and size to achieve the best pickling effect. For thinner parts, a smaller tossing amplitude can be used to avoid deformation of the parts due to excessive mechanical stress during movement; for parts with high surface roughness requirements, the swing frequency can be appropriately increased to improve the uniformity of pickling.

[0017] The invention provides a pickling device, in which the rotation angle of the hook-disengaging motor can be precisely controlled at 90 degrees, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the grabbing and disengaging actions, ensuring that each operation is successful, and improving the stability and reliability of the equipment.

[0018] The pickling device of the present invention can operate the pickling of metal workpieces uninterruptedly for 24 hours, greatly improving the pickling capacity and shortening the production cycle of products. At the same time, since time loss such as preparation work and operation interval during manual operation is avoided, the overall pickling efficiency is significantly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a front view of a pickling device of the present invention; Figure 2 The figure is a side view of a pickling device of the present invention.

[0020] Reference numerals: 1-balance frame; 2-swing unit; 21-swing block; 22-swing rod; 3-hook; 4-control unit; 5-pickling basket; 6-support rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example 1 The present invention discloses a pickling device, comprising a balancing frame 1, a swing unit 2, a hook 3, and a control unit 4; the balancing frame 1 is connected to the control unit 4 via a roller, the swing unit 2 is arranged on both sides of the balancing frame 1 and is arranged downward, the swing unit 2 is movably connected to the balancing frame 1 via a connecting shaft, a plurality of hooks 3 are respectively arranged on both sides of the bottom of the swing unit 2 and are fixedly connected to the swing unit 2, the balancing frame 1 is arranged on one side of the control unit 4, and the hook 3 is used to connect to a pickling basket 5. A pickling basket 5 is also included, which is arranged at the lower end of the hook 3, and the pickling basket 5 is detachably connected to the hook 3, and the pickling basket 5 is used to install metal workpieces Specifically, a pickling device includes a balance frame 1, a swing unit 2, a hook 3, a control unit 4 and a pickling basket 5. The swing unit 2, the hook 3, the control unit 4 and the pickling basket 5 form a whole and are arranged on one side of the control unit 4. The pickling basket 5 is transported to the pickling tank for cleaning through the operation of the control unit 4, and after cleaning, it enters the clean water tank from the pickling tank for rinsing. The pickling basket 5 stays in the pickling tank and the clean water tank for three seconds. After three seconds, the control unit 4 controls the pickling basket 5 to enter the clean water tank from the pickling tank.

[0023] The pickling tank and the clean water tank are collectively referred to as the cleaning tank. The cleaning tank is divided by multiple partitions, which are evenly distributed inside the cleaning tank, dividing it into multiple independent tank bodies. The tank body filled with nitric acid and copper nitrate is the pickling tank, and the tank body filled with clean water is the clean water tank. The height and thickness of the partition are designed according to the size of the cleaning tank and the use requirements. The height can effectively prevent the liquids in different tank bodies from mixing with each other, while the thickness ensures the strength and stability of the partition.

[0024] The content of nitric acid in the pickling tank is 30%, the content of copper nitrate is 10%, and the rest is water. The 30% nitric acid can react chemically with the oxides and rust layers on the surface of the metal workpiece, dissolving and removing them, thereby achieving the purpose of pickling. In addition to further enhancing the pickling effect, copper nitrate also protects the metal surface after pickling to prevent it from being oxidized or corroded again.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, the swing unit 2 includes a swing block 21 and a swing rod 22, the balance frame 1 is arranged at the upper end of the swing block 21, the swing rod 22 is arranged at the lower end of the swing block 21, and a roller is arranged at the connection between the balance frame 1 and the swing block 21. Under the action of the control unit 4, the balance frame 1 can be tilted to the left, tilted to the right, and the left and right sides can be balanced with each other. If the balance frame 1 tilts to the left, that is, the left end moves downward and the right end moves upward, since the swing block 21 is connected to the balance frame 1, the swing block 21 and the swing rod 22 on the left side both move downward, and similarly, the swing block 21 and the swing rod 22 on the right side move upward.

[0026] If the balance frame 1 tilts to the right, that is, the right end moves downward and the left end moves upward, and the swing block 21 is connected to the balance frame 1, the swing block 21 and the swing rod 22 on the right side move downward, and the swing block 21 and the swing rod 22 on the left side move upward. It should be noted that the tilting of the balance frame 1 to the left or to the right is controlled by the control unit 4, and is only applicable to the pickling basket 5 entering the pickling tank. The tilting to the left or to the right can ensure that the metal workpiece is in the best position in the pickling tank so that the pickling liquid can evenly and fully contact all surfaces of the workpiece. In addition, the tilting operation can also help remove impurities such as dirt and oxides on the surface of the workpiece and improve the pickling effect.

[0027] A support rod 6 is provided on one side of the bottom end of the swing block 21 close to the control unit 4. A bolt passes through one end of the support rod 6 and is threadedly connected to the swing block 21 for fixing. The threaded connection can generate a large friction force, so that the swing block 21 and the support rod 6 are tightly combined together. When the swing block 21 swings frequently to control the movement of other components, the accuracy of the entire control action can be ensured.

[0028] An overload protection device is provided at the middle support point of the support rod 6. When an overload occurs, the force acting on the support rod 6 exceeds its normal load-bearing range. At this time, the overload protection device at the middle support point begins to work. Since it is designed as a weak link, it will be the first to be unable to withstand the excessive external force and be damaged. The damage forms include fracture, separation or other forms of failure of a specific structure. By actively sacrificing the local area of ​​the middle support point, the excessive force that may have been transmitted to the swing unit 2 is dispersed and blocked, avoiding excessive force from continuing to act on the swing unit 2, thereby effectively protecting the swing unit 2 from deformation, damage, etc. caused by overload.

[0029] The tilt angle of the balance frame 1 is 0-45°. When the balance frame 1 rotates within the range of 0-45°, the process requirements of flipping and swinging of the metal workpiece during the pickling process can be achieved to avoid falling or collision due to excessive angle changes.

[0030] In this embodiment, there are four swing rods 22, two groups in total, two in each group, two groups of parallel and interconnected swing rods 22, one group moves downward, and the other group moves upward, thereby driving the pickling basket to tilt left or right, and the tilt angle and direction are controlled by the servo motor of the driving balance frame 1 connected to the control unit 4, such as Figure 2 shown.

[0031] The swing rod 22 has a hollow structure inside, and its own weight will be reduced. When the balance frame 1 rotates to the left or right, the lighter swing rod 22 is easier to be driven while following the rotation. The hook 3 can move synchronously with the swing rod 22. The hook 3 can accurately maintain the grasping state of the pickling basket 5 or release it according to the set action sequence, ensuring that the pickling basket 5 will not accidentally fall during the transfer process.

[0032] The swing rod 22 is welded to the bottom of the swing block 21, and the connection is smooth and burr-free. Burrs may cause stress concentration. When the swing rod 22 frequently swings, the burred connection is subjected to force, and stress will accumulate at the burrs, which can easily cause cracks to form and expand. Smooth burr-free connections can make stress distribution more uniform, reduce fatigue damage caused by stress concentration, and thus improve the overall operating stability of the equipment. At the same time, the swing block 21 and the swing rod 22 can be an integrated structure. When subjected to large external forces, the integrated structure of the swing block 21 and the swing rod 22 can better resist deformation and damage.

[0033] The control unit 4 is connected to three corresponding servo motors, and the three servo motors control the upward movement of the balance frame 1, the downward movement of the balance frame 1, the tilting of the balance frame 1 to the left, the tilting of the balance frame 1 to the right, the unhooking of the hook 3, and the hooking of the hook 3. The moving servo motor corresponds to the upward and downward movement of the balance frame 1, the rotating servo motor corresponds to the tilting of the balance frame 1 to the left and right, and the unhooking motor corresponds to the unhooking or hooking state of the hook 3.

[0034] During the pickling process, the pickling basket 5 is hung on the hook 3 and is in a tightly gripped state throughout the entire process. After the entire pickling process is completed, the pickling basket 5 is loosened.

[0035] A pickling device also includes many sensors such as position, liquid level, temperature, speed, solution composition, etc. With the support of many sensors such as position, liquid level, temperature, speed, solution composition, etc., the unmanned automatic pickling operation of the pickling process is realized, which has many advantages such as improving production efficiency, reducing labor intensity and cost, improving pickling quality and stability, and realizing intelligent production. By continuously optimizing sensor technology, control system technology, mechanical structure design technology and safety protection technology, unmanned automatic pickling operations can be further improved.

[0036] Specifically, under the control of the control unit 4, the servo motor flips the pickling basket 5 in the pickling tank and transports the pickling basket to the clean water tank for rinsing according to the process flow and requirements: the control unit 4 controls the rotating servo motor to drive the balance frame 1 to rotate within an angle range of 0-45°, so that one group of two sets of parallel and interconnected swing rods 22 moves down and the other group moves up, thereby driving the pickling basket 5 to tilt 0-45° to the left or right, so as to achieve the process requirements of flipping and swinging of the metal workpiece during the pickling process.

[0037] Before the pickling basket 5 is unhooked or hooked, the balance frame 1 must be in a horizontal state, and the mobile servo motor controls the hook to move to the corresponding position of the pickling basket 5. Specifically, the pickling basket 5 and the hooks 3 at the lower ends of the two sets of swing rods 22 are unhooked or grabbed by controlling the control unit to disengage the four hooks 3 and rotate the motor to rotate the four hooks 3 90°.

[0038] The control unit sends a command to the four hook 3 disengagement motors, and the disengagement motors start to rotate after receiving the signal, driving the hooks connected to them to rotate 90°. When the hook 3 rotates to a specific angle, its structural state changes, thereby achieving a disengagement or grabbing action with the pickling basket 5. For example, in the initial state, the hook 3 may be in a position where it can hook the pickling basket. When the motor drives the hook to rotate 90°, the opening direction or shape of the hook changes, and it can no longer hook the pickling basket 5, thus achieving disengagement; conversely, if it is originally in a disengaged state, the motor reverses to rotate the hook 3 back to the original angle or rotates to the corresponding grabbing angle, so that the pickling basket 5 can be grabbed.

[0039] Direct manual contact with the pickling basket 5 and the hook 3 during the disengagement or grabbing operation in a strong acid environment is avoided, thereby reducing the safety risks of operators contacting with acid and being injured by the pickling basket.

[0040] The balance frame 1, the swing unit 2, the hook 3, and the support rod 6 are made of 316L stainless steel, which can effectively resist the erosion of acid and prevent the parts from rusting and being corroded, thereby extending the service life of these parts. In addition, the swing unit 2 may generate vibration and impact force when swinging, or the hook 3 may generate vibration and impact force when grabbing and releasing the pickling basket 5. The toughness of 316L stainless steel can ensure the safety and reliability of these parts.

[0041] Finally, the interval time between the pickling basket 5 entering the clean water tank from the pickling tank, entering the pickling tank from the clean water tank and entering other situations is less than 3 seconds. In other words, the interval time between entering from one tank to another tank is less than 3 seconds.

[0042] Example 2 A pickling method comprises the following steps: a swing rod 22 moves downward, a hook 3 is engaged with a pickling basket 5; the pickling basket 5 enters a pickling tank, and is turned left and right under the action of a control unit 4 to pickle the metal workpiece in the pickling basket 5; within a preset time, the pickling basket 5 enters the next pickling tank.

[0043] In the initial state, the balancing frame 1 is in a horizontal state, and the lower ends of the four swinging rods 22 are aligned in the horizontal direction. Driven by the mobile servo motor, the balancing frame 1 moves downward to the lower end of the track to reach the grabbing height position of the pickling basket 5. Driven by the disengaging motor, the four hooks 3 rotate 90° and extend into the frame rod of the pickling basket 5, thereby realizing the grabbing action of the pickling basket 5.

[0044] The pickling basket 5 is driven by the mobile servo motor to reciprocate up and down in the pickling tank. Driven by the rotary servo motor, one group of swing rods 22 moves down and the other group moves up, thereby driving the pickling basket 5 to tilt 45° to the left or right, wherein the tilt angle and direction are controlled by the rotary servo motor through the control unit 4 to achieve the process requirements of the pickling basket 5 flipping and swinging.

[0045] After the metal workpiece is pickled, the pickling is removed. The rotary servo motor drives the balance frame 1 to rotate, so that the pickling basket 5 rotates right (or left) from the horizontal direction and keeps it in an inclined state. Within the specified time, the mobile servo motor drives the swing unit 2 to move forward a slot distance, that is, the clean water tank. After that, the pickling basket 5 rotates left (or right) under the action of the mobile servo motor to complete the pickling treatment.

[0046] In summary, through the control unit, the pickling device can achieve precise control of the hook grabbing and disengaging actions, and can accurately grab the pickling basket. The metal workpiece swings 0-45° left and right and throws 0-300 mm up and down in the pickling basket, which can greatly increase the contact opportunities between the metal workpiece and the pickling liquid. The dynamic movement mode can make the pickling liquid flow and flush on the surface of the metal workpiece continuously, ensuring that each part can be fully in contact with the pickling liquid, thereby improving the uniformity and thoroughness of the pickling. For some parts with high requirements for pickling accuracy, the parameters of swinging and throwing can be adjusted according to factors such as their material, shape and size to achieve the best pickling effect. For thinner parts, a smaller throwing amplitude can be used to avoid deformation of the parts due to excessive mechanical stress during movement; for parts with high requirements for surface roughness, the frequency of swinging can be appropriately increased to improve the uniformity of pickling.

[0047] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0048] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

Claims

1. A pickling device, characterized in that: It comprises a balancing frame (1), a swing unit (2), a hook (3), and a control unit (4); The balancing frame (1) is connected to the control unit (4) via a roller, the swing unit (2) is arranged on both sides of the balancing frame (1) and is arranged downward, the swing unit (2) and the balancing frame (1) are movably connected via a connecting shaft, a plurality of hooks (3) are respectively arranged on both sides of the bottom of the swing unit (2) and are fixedly connected to the swing unit (2), the balancing frame (1) is arranged on one side of the control unit (4), and the hooks (3) are used to connect to the pickling basket (5).

2. The pickling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a pickling basket (5) arranged at the lower end of the hook (3), wherein the pickling basket (5) is detachably connected to the hook (3), and the pickling basket (5) is used for placing metal workpieces.

3. The pickling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The swing unit (2) comprises a swing block (21) and a swing rod (22); The swing block (21) and the swing rod (22) are arranged at the lower end of the balancing frame (1) from top to bottom; the swing block (21) is movably connected to the balancing frame (1) via a connecting shaft; and the swing rod (22) is fixedly connected to the swing block (21).

4. The pickling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A support rod (6) is provided at the lower ends of two adjacent swing blocks (21) close to the control unit (4), and both ends of the support rod (6) are fixedly connected to the swing blocks (21).

5. The pickling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also comprises a pickling tank, which is arranged on the ground, and a pickling basket (5) enters the pickling tank through a control unit (4) to clean the metal workpiece.

6. The pickling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclination angle of the balancing frame (1) is 0-45°.

7. The pickling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pickling basket (5) swings up and down by a distance of 0-300 mm.

8. The pickling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The balancing frame (1), the swing unit (2), the hook (3), and the support rod (6) are made of 316L stainless steel.

9. The pickling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hooks (3) arranged on both sides of the bottom of the swing unit (2) are arranged opposite to each other.

10. A pickling method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The swing rod (22) moves downward, and the hook (3) is engaged with the pickling basket (5); The pickling basket (5) enters the pickling tank and is turned left and right under the control of the control unit (4) to pickle the metal workpiece in the pickling basket (5); Within a preset time, the pickling basket (5) enters the next pickling tank.

Images