Active, semi-active and passive control intelligent exchange self-adaptive tuned mass damper

Abstract

The invention provides a self-adaptive tuned mass damper capable of intelligently switching active, semi-active and passive control, which comprises a damper passive control part, a servo control part, an active control part, a semi-active control part and a health monitoring part, and is characterized in that the servo control part uniformly controls the active control part, the semi-active control part and the health monitoring part; the two-way vibration control of the structure is realized through smooth two-way sliding of the friction pendulum support in a plane; the jack is used for providing active control force for the friction pendulum support so as to ensure that the mass block can slide under tiny wind vibration to start working, and the overlarge stroke of the mass block under extreme disasters can be controlled; the relative movement between the damping steel plate and the damping liquid in the damping groove is used for providing bidirectional damping force; the accurate instantaneous vibration frequency of the damper is ensured through variable stiffness control, and the bidirectional vibration reduction effect of the damper is improved; the health monitoring part stores, transmits and analyzes real-time vibration signals in real time so as to ensure normal work and safety of the structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of civil engineering and vibration control, and in particular relates to an adaptive tuned mass damper with active, semi-active and passive control intelligent switching. Background Art

[0002] With the development of structural design and construction technology, building structures have become taller and more slender. However, high-rise buildings are very sensitive to vibrations under disasters due to their light body, low natural frequency and damping ratio. Earthquakes are one of the most destructive and dangerous natural disasters. How to protect the safety of building structures under earthquakes has always been a hot topic for scholars in the world's civil engineering community. Under the stimulation of typhoons, short-term strong winds in severe convective weather, etc., high-rise buildings may produce large vibrations. Excessive acceleration response of the structure will cause comfort problems for indoor users, and displacement response will endanger the safety of the building structure. With people's higher requirements for the safety and comfort of building structures, it is more challenging and valuable to conduct intelligent disaster prevention and mitigation research on structures under multiple disasters. In order to control the vibration response of building structures under external disasters and improve their safety, a common method is to add dampers to the structure for vibration control, that is, to dissipate the kinetic energy of the structure through the additional dampers, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing structural vibration. Controlling the dynamic response of building structures under multiple disasters and improving their safety are of great significance to protecting the lives and property of the people.

[0003] Tuned mass damper (TMD) is a traditional structural vibration control device. TMD is a single-degree-of-freedom dynamic vibration absorber composed of mass unit, stiffness unit and damping unit. It is necessary to propose an intelligent tuned mass damper that can simultaneously control the bidirectional vibration of the structure. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an adaptive tuned mass damper with active, semi-active and passive control intelligent switching, which can adjust its own bidirectional frequency and damping ratio in real time and has better bidirectional vibration control performance than traditional tuned mass dampers.

[0005] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: An adaptive tuned mass damper with active, semi-active and passive control intelligent switching comprises: a floor top plate and a floor bottom plate, an upper connecting plate is connected to the lower surface of the floor top plate by welding or bolts, a lower connecting plate is connected to the upper surface of the floor top plate by welding or bolts, a mass block is arranged between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate, a damping groove for containing damping fluid is opened in the center of the mass block, a plurality of shape memory alloy springs are evenly arranged between the upper connecting plate and the mass block and connect the upper connecting plate and the mass block, and a plurality of air springs are evenly arranged between the upper connecting plate and the mass block. It is arranged between the upper connecting plate and the mass block and connects the upper connecting plate and the mass block. The mass block is connected to the floor bottom plate through a friction pendulum support composed of a support top plate, a slider and a support bottom plate. The lower surface of the mass block is connected to the support top plate by bolts, and the lower surface of the support bottom plate is connected to the floor bottom plate by welding or bolts. The slider is placed between the support top plate and the support bottom plate and can slide smoothly in both directions in a plane, thereby driving the mass block to slide in both directions, thereby realizing bidirectional vibration control of the structure.

[0006] The lower connecting plate is connected to a jack by bolts to apply thrust or pull to the friction pendulum support. The jack provides active control force for the friction pendulum support to ensure that the mass block can slide to start working under slight wind vibration and control its excessive stroke under extreme disasters. Preferably, the adjustable length range of the jack is 1-150 mm.

[0007] The stepping electric rod extends into the damping groove along the Y direction and can perform telescopic movement under the control of the control center. The damping steel plate is connected to the stepping electric rod by welding or bolts and moves with the stepping electric rod to change the length of the damping steel plate extending into the damping groove. The damping steel plate provides a bidirectional damping force through relative movement with the damping fluid in the damping groove, and its damping force can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the damping steel plate extending into the damping groove by the stepping electric rod. The damping fluid is a silicone damping fluid or a magnetorheological damping fluid. When the damping fluid is a magnetorheological damping fluid, the damping can also be changed by using an electric current to change the viscosity of the magnetorheological damping fluid. Wherein, the damping groove can be rectangular or annular. Preferably, the adjustable length range of the stepping electric rod is 1-5 m.

[0008] The adaptive tuned mass damper with active, semi-active and passive control intelligent switching as described above is also provided with a plurality of acceleration sensors for measuring the X-direction acceleration and Y-direction acceleration of the support base plate and the X-direction acceleration and Y-direction acceleration of the mass block, respectively, and the plurality of acceleration sensors are connected to the control center through wired or wireless transmission. The control center obtains the bidirectional optimal frequency and damping ratio of the tuned mass damper by analyzing and processing the acceleration signals of each acceleration sensor.

[0009] Among them, the multiple acceleration sensors include at least: acceleration sensor I, adsorbed on the horizontal X-direction of the side of the support base plate, used to measure the horizontal X-direction acceleration of the support base plate; acceleration sensor II, adsorbed on the horizontal X-direction of the side of the mass block, used to measure the horizontal X-direction acceleration of the mass block; acceleration sensor III, adsorbed on the horizontal Y-direction of the side of the support base plate, used to measure the horizontal Y-direction acceleration of the support base plate; and acceleration sensor IV, adsorbed on the horizontal Y-direction of the side of the mass block, used to measure the horizontal Y-direction acceleration of the mass block.

[0010] The floor top plate, floor bottom plate, mass block, support top plate, slider, support bottom plate, upper connecting plate, damping steel plate and damping groove form the passive control part of the damper of the adaptive tuned mass damper.

[0011] The plurality of acceleration sensors and the control hub form a servo control portion of the adaptive tuned mass damper.

[0012] The lower connecting plate and the jack form the active control part of the adaptive tuned mass damper.

[0013] The stepping electric rod, shape memory alloy spring and air spring form the semi-active control part of the adaptive tuned mass damper. Preferably, the shape memory alloy spring and the air spring are respectively connected between the upper connecting plate and the mass block by means of a reserved buckle. The number of the shape memory alloy spring and the air spring is 4 to 8, and the shape memory alloy spring and the air spring are symmetrically arranged along the two sides of the mass block. The shape memory alloy spring can change its stiffness and frequency by changing its power supply, and the air spring can change its stiffness and frequency by changing its air pressure, thereby realizing variable stiffness control to ensure the accurate instantaneous vibration frequency of the damper and improve its bidirectional vibration reduction effect.

[0014] The multiple acceleration sensors form a health monitoring part of the adaptive tuned mass damper. Real-time vibration signals of the adaptive tuned mass damper and the floors of the building structure where it is located are stored, transmitted and analyzed in real time by the health monitoring part to ensure the normal operation and safety of the building structure and the adaptive tuned mass damper.

[0015] The adaptive tuned mass damper with active, semi-active and passive control intelligent switching proposed in the present invention can realize bidirectional vibration control of the structure by smooth bidirectional sliding of the friction pendulum support in the plane; a jack is used to provide active control force for the friction pendulum support to ensure that the mass block can slide to start working under slight wind vibration and control its excessive stroke under extreme disasters; a bidirectional damping force is provided by the relative movement between the damping steel plate and the damping fluid in the damping groove; variable stiffness control is used to ensure the accurate instantaneous vibration frequency of the damper and improve its bidirectional vibration reduction effect; the real-time vibration signals of the tuned mass damper and the building structure in which it is located are stored, transmitted and analyzed in real time by the health monitoring part to ensure the normal operation and safety of the building structure and the tuned mass device.

[0016] The above scheme has the following beneficial effects: First, the tuned mass damper of the present invention can simultaneously control the bidirectional vibration of a high-rise building in a plane, and has the advantages of saving building space, saving the amount of dampers, reducing concentrated loads on floors and saving costs.

[0017] Second, the tuned mass damper of the present invention can start to slide under relatively small wind vibrations, and the active control part will stop working when the tuned mass damper can move; under extreme disasters, the active control part can limit the stroke of the tuned mass damper to ensure safety.

[0018] Third, the tuned mass damper of the present invention has better bidirectional vibration control performance than the traditional tuned mass damper because it can adjust its own bidirectional frequency and damping ratio in real time.

[0019] Fourth, when the semi-active control part of the tuned mass damper of the present invention is not started, the tuned mass damper is a conventional passive tuned mass damper, which can meet the established comfort index through optimized design and obtain a better comfort margin under semi-active control.

[0020] Fifth, the real-time vibration signals of the tuned mass damper and the building structure of the present invention are stored, transmitted and analyzed in real time by the health monitoring part to ensure the normal operation and safety of the building structure and the tuned mass damper. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1It is a structural schematic diagram of the adaptive tuned mass damper with active, semi-active and passive control intelligent switching according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 A top view of the adaptive tuned mass damper for intelligent switching of active, semi-active and passive control according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 The intelligent control flow chart of the adaptive tuned mass damper with intelligent switching of active, semi-active and passive control of the present invention.

[0024] Figure numerals: 1-floor top plate, 2-floor bottom plate, 3-mass block, 4-support top plate, 5-slider, 6-support bottom plate, 7-upper connecting plate, 8-stepping electric rod, 9-damping steel plate, 10-damping groove, 11-shape memory alloy spring, 12-acceleration sensor I, 13-acceleration sensor II, 14-acceleration sensor III, 15-acceleration sensor IV, 16-control center, 17-lower connecting plate, 18-jack and 19-air spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention. All similar structures and similar variations of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, the adaptive tuned mass damper with intelligent switching of active, semi-active and passive control of the present invention comprises: a passive control part of the damper, a servo control part, an active control part, a semi-active control part and a health monitoring part, wherein the servo control part is the control center of the tuned mass damper of the present invention, and uniformly controls the active control part, the semi-active control part and the health monitoring part.

[0027] Damper passive control part The passive control part of the damper includes: a floor top plate 1, a floor bottom plate 2, a mass block 3, a support top plate 4, a slider 5, a support bottom plate 6, an upper connecting plate 7, a damping steel plate 9 and a damping groove 10. The upper surface of the upper connecting plate 7 is connected to the floor top plate 1 by welding or bolts, the lower surface of the mass block 3 is connected to the support top plate 4 by bolts, and the lower surface of the support bottom plate 6 is connected to the floor bottom plate 2 by welding or bolts. A rectangular or annular damping groove 10 is opened in the center of the mass block 3. Silicone oil can be contained in the damping groove 10 as viscous damping or magnetorheological damping fluid. The slider 5 is placed between the support top plate 4 and the support bottom plate 6 and can slide smoothly in both directions in the plane.

[0028] The mass block 3 can slide smoothly in both directions in a plane through a friction pendulum support composed of a support top plate 4, a slider 5 and a support bottom plate 6 to achieve bidirectional vibration control of the structure.

[0029] Servo control part The servo control part includes: acceleration sensor I 12, acceleration sensor II 13, acceleration sensor III 14, acceleration sensor IV 15 and control center 16, acceleration sensor I 12 is adsorbed on the horizontal X direction of the side of the support base plate 6, and is used to measure the horizontal X-direction acceleration of the support base plate 6, acceleration sensor II 13 is adsorbed on the horizontal X direction of the side of the mass block 3, and is used to measure the horizontal X-direction acceleration of the mass block 3, acceleration sensor III 14 is adsorbed on the horizontal Y direction of the side of the support base plate 6, and is used to measure the horizontal Y-direction acceleration of the support base plate 6, acceleration sensor IV 15 is adsorbed on the horizontal Y direction of the side of the mass block 3, and is used to measure the horizontal Y-direction acceleration of the mass block 3, acceleration sensor I 12, acceleration sensor II 13, acceleration sensor III 14 and acceleration sensor IV 15 are respectively connected to the control center 16 through wired or wireless transmission.

[0030] Active control part The active control part includes: a lower connecting plate 17 and a jack 18 . The lower connecting plate 17 is connected to the floor bottom plate 2 by welding or bolts. The jack 18 is connected to the lower connecting plate 17 by bolts. The jack 18 can apply thrust or tension to the support top plate 4 .

[0031] The jack 18 provides active control force for the friction pendulum support to ensure that the mass block 3 can slide to start working under slight wind vibration and can control its excessive stroke under extreme disasters.

[0032] The adjustable length range of the jack 18 is 1-150 mm.

[0033] Semi-active control part The semi-active control part includes: a stepper electric rod 8, a shape memory alloy spring 11 and an air spring 19. The stepper electric rod 8 is connected to the damping steel plate 9 by welding or bolts. The stepper electric rod 8 can move telescopically under the control of the control center 16 to change the length of the damping steel plate 9 extending into the damping groove 10. The shape memory alloy spring 11 is connected between the upper connecting plate 7 and the mass block 3 by a reserved buckle form. The air spring 19 is connected between the upper connecting plate 7 and the mass block 3 by a reserved buckle form. Among them, the number of shape memory alloy springs 11 and air springs 19 is 4 to 8, and the shape memory alloy springs 11 and air springs 19 are symmetrically arranged along the two sides of the mass block 3. Among them, the damping groove 10 can be rectangular or annular.

[0034] The control center 16 obtains the bidirectional optimal frequency and damping ratio of the tuned mass damper by analyzing and processing the acceleration signals of the acceleration sensor I 12 , the acceleration sensor II 13 , the acceleration sensor III 14 , and the acceleration sensor IV 15 .

[0035] The shape memory alloy spring 11 can change its stiffness and frequency by changing its power supply, and the air spring 19 can change its stiffness and frequency by changing its air pressure, thereby achieving variable stiffness control to ensure the accurate instantaneous vibration frequency of the damper and improve its bidirectional vibration reduction effect. The damping steel plate 9 provides a bidirectional damping force through relative movement with the damping fluid in the damping groove 10. The damping force can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the damping steel plate 9 extending into the damping groove 10 through the stepping electric rod 8. The damping fluid in the damping groove 10 is a silicone damping fluid or a magnetorheological damping fluid. When the damping fluid is a magnetorheological damping fluid, the damping can also be changed by using an electric current to change the viscosity of the magnetorheological damping fluid.

[0036] The adjustable length range of the stepping electric rod 8 is 1-5 m.

[0037] Health monitoring part The health monitoring part includes: acceleration sensor I 12, acceleration sensor II 13, acceleration sensor III 14, acceleration sensor IV 15 and control center 16, and the acceleration sensor I 12, acceleration sensor II 13, acceleration sensor III 14 and acceleration sensor IV 15 are respectively connected to the control center 16 through wired or wireless transmission.

[0038] The control center 16 analyzes and processes the acceleration signals of acceleration sensor I 12, acceleration sensor II 13, acceleration sensor III 14, and acceleration sensor IV 15, solves the phase angle of the acceleration signal in real time, calculates the derivative and the upper and lower limits of window control, and calculates the instantaneous optimal frequency, which is generally 0.1-1.0 Hz; the control center 16 calculates the optimal damping ratio, which is generally 0-12%, by integrating the algorithm based on the minimum amplitude of acceleration vibration of the building structure as the optimization target. Then, the control center feeds back to the semi-active control part respectively, and adjusts the stiffness and damping in real time respectively. The specific method for the control center to process and calculate the collected data does not belong to the technical problem to be solved by the present invention, and belongs to the prior art known to those skilled in the art, and will not be repeated here.

[0039] The real-time vibration signals of the tuned mass damper and the building structure floors where it is located are stored, transmitted and analyzed in real time by the health monitoring part to ensure the normal operation and safety of the building structure and the tuned mass damper.

[0040] The above description is only a description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any changes or modifications made by any person skilled in the art based on the above disclosed technical contents shall be regarded as equivalent effective embodiments and shall fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive tuned mass damper with active, semi-active and passive control intelligent switching, characterized in that: include: A floor top plate (1) and a floor bottom plate (2), an upper connecting plate (7) connected to the lower surface of the floor top plate (1) by welding or bolts, a lower connecting plate (17) connected to the upper surface of the floor top plate (2) by welding or bolts, a mass block (3) arranged between the upper connecting plate (7) and the lower connecting plate (17), a damping groove (10) for containing damping fluid is opened at the center of the mass block (3), and a plurality of shape memory alloy springs (11) are evenly arranged between the upper connecting plate (7) and the mass block (3) The upper connecting plate (7) and the mass block (3) are connected between the upper connecting plate (7) and the mass block (3); a plurality of air springs (19) are evenly arranged between the upper connecting plate (7) and the mass block (3) and connect the upper connecting plate (7) and the mass block (3); the mass block (3) is connected to the floor bottom plate (2) via a friction pendulum support consisting of a support top plate (4), a slider (5) and a support bottom plate (6); the lower surface of the mass block (3) is connected to the support top plate (4) via bolts; the lower surface of the support bottom plate (6) The support surface is connected to the floor bottom plate (2) by welding or bolts, the slider (5) is placed between the support top plate (4) and the support bottom plate (6), and the slider (5) can slide smoothly in both directions in the plane, thereby driving the mass block (3) to slide in both directions, the lower connecting plate (17) is connected to a jack (18) by bolts for applying thrust or tension to the friction pendulum support, and the stepping electric rod (8) extends into the damping groove (10) along the Y direction and can be extended under the control of the control center (16). The damping steel plate (9) is connected to the stepping electric rod (8) by welding or bolts and moves with the stepping electric rod (8) to change the length of the damping steel plate (9) extending into the damping groove (10). A plurality of acceleration sensors are provided, which are respectively used to measure the X-direction acceleration and the Y-direction acceleration of the support base plate (6) and the X-direction acceleration and the Y-direction acceleration of the mass block (3). The plurality of acceleration sensors are respectively connected to the control center (16) by wired or wireless transmission. The floor top plate (1), the floor bottom plate (2), the mass block (3), the support top plate (4), the slider (5), the support bottom plate (6), the upper connecting plate (7), the damping steel plate (9) and the damping groove (10) form a damper passive control part of the adaptive tuned mass damper; The plurality of acceleration sensors and the control hub (16) form a servo control portion of the adaptive tuned mass damper; The lower connecting plate (17) and the jack (18) form an active control part of the adaptive tuned mass damper; The stepping electric rod (8), the shape memory alloy spring (11) and the air spring (19) form a semi-active control part of the adaptive tuned mass damper; The multiple acceleration sensors form a health monitoring part of the adaptive tuned mass damper, and real-time vibration signals of the adaptive tuned mass damper and the floors of the building structure where it is located are stored, transmitted and analyzed in real time by the health monitoring part.

2. The adaptive tuned mass damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The damping groove (10) is rectangular or annular.

3. The adaptive tuned mass damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The damping fluid is silicone damping fluid or magnetorheological damping fluid.

4. The adaptive tuned mass damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shape memory alloy spring (11) and the air spring (19) are respectively connected between the upper connecting plate (7) and the mass block (3) by means of reserved buckle rings.

5. The adaptive tuned mass damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the shape memory alloy springs (11) and the number of the air springs (19) is 4 to 8, and the shape memory alloy springs (11) and the air springs (19) are symmetrically arranged along two sides of the mass block (3).

6. The adaptive tuned mass damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shape memory alloy spring (11) changes its stiffness and frequency by changing the amount of current flowing therethrough.

7. The adaptive tuned mass damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air spring (19) changes its stiffness and frequency by changing its air pressure.

8. The adaptive tuned mass damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of acceleration sensors at least include: An acceleration sensor I (12) is adsorbed on the horizontal X-direction of the side surface of the support base plate (6) and is used to measure the horizontal X-direction acceleration of the support base plate (6); An acceleration sensor II (13) is adsorbed on the side of the mass block (3) in the horizontal X direction and is used to measure the horizontal X-direction acceleration of the mass block (3); an acceleration sensor III (14), which is adsorbed on the horizontal Y direction of the side surface of the support base plate (6) and is used to measure the horizontal Y direction acceleration of the support base plate (6); and The acceleration sensor IV (15) is adsorbed on the horizontal Y direction of the side surface of the mass block (3) and is used to measure the horizontal Y direction acceleration of the mass block (3).

9. The adaptive tuned mass damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable length range of the jack (18) is 1-150 mm.

10. The adaptive tuned mass damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable length range of the stepping electric rod (8) is 1-5 m.

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