Electrorheological polishing device and polishing method

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrorheological polishing device and a polishing method. The polishing device comprises a workbench, a guide rail, a tip, a tool electrode and a rotary body driving assembly, the guide rail is installed on the workbench, and the tip is installed on the guide rail and forms a moving pair with the guide rail; one end of the rotary body mold is fixed on the rotary body driving assembly, the other end of the rotary body mold abuts against the tip, and the rotary body driving assembly drives the rotary body mold to do rotary motion; the tool electrode is cylindrical and is arranged on the outer side of the rotary body mold in a sleeving mode, a gap is formed between the tool electrode and the rotary body mold, and the gap is filled with polishing liquid during polishing. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the solidified electrorheological fluid rubs with the outer surface of the rotary body mold when the rotary body mold moves, materials on the surface of the rotary body mold are removed, and the finally obtained surface is smooth and flat and low in roughness; the cylindrical tool electrode is adopted as a polishing tool, is matched with a rotary body mold, and has the advantages of polishing a rotary body and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of polishing processing, and in particular to an electrorheological polishing device and a polishing method. Background Art

[0002] Polishing technology, as a key surface treatment method, is crucial to improving product quality and performance. Traditional mechanical polishing, chemical mechanical polishing and magnetorheological polishing methods have problems such as high cost or surface damage in practical applications, especially when dealing with complex shapes and small-sized workpieces, magnetorheology performs poorly. As an advanced ultra-precision machining technology, electrorheological polishing technology shows unique advantages in micro-nano-level surface machining. By establishing an electric field between electrodes and utilizing the rheological effect of electrorheological fluid, nano-scale cutting and surface finishing of microstructures, narrow gaps and slender shafts are achieved. Compared with traditional magnetorheological polishing technology, electrorheological polishing can not only flexibly adjust the size of the tool electrode, but also show irreplaceable advantages within a small size range. It is currently recognized in the industry as one of the most promising ultra-precision machining methods.

[0003] Existing electrorheological polishing devices often have problems such as low polishing efficiency, complex structure, difficult to adjust tool head parameters and difficult to replace. In particular, when adjusting the electric field strength and polishing liquid ratio to control the material removal capacity, it is often limited by the electric field strength limit and insulation breakdown phenomenon, which seriously affects the stability and processing efficiency of polishing. Although electrorheological polishing technology has broad application prospects in theory, it still faces some important challenges when it is actually used in ellipsoidal mold manufacturing.

[0004] Application publication number CN102962733A discloses a wheel-type electrorheological polishing device with adjustable plate spacing. The field intensity distribution and polishing contact area can be flexibly changed by adjusting the spacing between the positive and negative polishing wheels, thereby improving the polishing efficiency and processing quality. However, the device still faces some technical challenges, such as adaptability to the surface of a rotating body with variable curvature, and adaptability in the processing of ellipsoidal molds of different sizes and shapes.

[0005] In summary, how to design an electrorheological polishing device with high polishing efficiency and suitable for a rotating body with variable curvature is a technical problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an electrorheological polishing device and a polishing method in order to overcome the defect of the above-mentioned prior art that it is not suitable for a rotating body with variable curvature.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0008] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electrorheological polishing device for polishing a rotating mold, the polishing device comprising a workbench, a guide rail, a center, a tool electrode and a rotating drive assembly, the guide rail being mounted on the workbench, the center being mounted on the guide rail and forming a moving pair with the guide rail; the tool electrode being connected to a power supply; one end of the rotating mold being fixed on the rotating drive assembly and the other end being against the center, the rotating drive assembly driving the rotating mold to perform a rotating motion; the tool electrode being cylindrical and sleeved on the outside of the rotating mold, and having a gap between the tool electrode and the rotating mold, the gap being filled with polishing liquid during polishing.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, the tool electrode includes multiple electrodes and multiple insulating parts, and the electrodes and insulating parts are arranged alternately in sequence; the electrode includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode, all of the positive electrodes are led out from one end of the tool electrode to connect to the positive pole of the power supply, and all of the negative electrodes are led out from the other end of the tool electrode to connect to the negative pole of the power supply.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, the positive electrode, the insulating part, the negative electrode and the insulating part are arranged alternately in sequence; after the positive electrode and the negative electrode are connected to a power source, an electric field is formed in the insulating part.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, the positive electrode, the insulating part and the negative electrode are arranged alternately in sequence; there is a gap between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; after the positive electrode and the negative electrode are connected to a power source, an electric field is formed in the insulating part.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, the electrode is provided with a groove, and the polishing liquid enters into the gap between the tool electrode and the rotating body mold along the groove.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, the rotating body mold includes a first end, an area to be polished and a second end; the first end is provided with a tapered hole, and the top tip is against the tapered hole; the working electrode is fixed on the outer surface of the area to be polished; the second end is connected to the rotating body drive assembly by bolts.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution, the rotating body driving assembly includes a rotating body connecting block and a belt, wherein one end of the rotating body connecting block is connected to the rotating body mold, and the other end is connected to the belt.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, the belt is a toothed belt.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, the device further comprises a storage table, wherein the storage table is mounted on the workbench, and the tool electrode is fixed on the storage table.

[0017] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a polishing method using the electrorheological polishing device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0018] Step S1, fix one end of the rotary body mold on the rotary body driving assembly, and the other end is driven by the guide rail to resist the top;

[0019] Step S2, the tool electrode is connected to a power source and powered on;

[0020] Step S3, the rotating body driving assembly drives the rotating body to perform a rotating motion;

[0021] Step S4, introducing polishing liquid into the gap between the tool electrode and the rotating body mold, the polishing liquid undergoes rheological effect to produce a chain structure;

[0022] Step S5, the semi-solid polishing liquid with a chain structure polishes the portion of the rotating body mold that contacts the polishing liquid.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1) The present invention applies electrorheological effect during polishing, so that the electrorheological fluid between the tool electrodes generates a chain structure along the direction of the electric field, and the rotating mold can perform a rotating motion. When the rotating mold moves, the solidified electrorheological fluid rubs against the outer surface of the rotating mold, thereby achieving material removal from the surface of the rotating mold. The final surface is smooth and flat, with low roughness and no obvious scratches or deformation;

[0025] 2) The present invention uses a cylindrical tool electrode as a polishing tool. The shape of the electrode is adapted to the rotating body mold, which has obvious advantages in polishing the rotating body. The operation is simple, there is no need to consider the movement of the electrode, the clamping is reliable and simple, the manufacturing and processing cost is low, and the complex curved surface can be better polished.

[0026] 3) The present invention has a sophisticated structure, high integration, and is easy to implement. The polishing rate can be controlled by controlling the rotation speed of the rotating mold and the power supply voltage frequency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an electrorheological polishing device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the tool electrode structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is an electrode arrangement diagram of a tool electrode in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is an electrode arrangement diagram of a tool electrode of Example 2 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated electrical connection of the positive and negative electrodes at the left and right ends of the tool electrode in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated electrical connection of the positive and negative electrodes at the left and right ends of the tool electrode in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a partial schematic diagram of the polishing process of the rotary body mold of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotary body mold of the present invention;

[0035] Fig. 9 The schematic diagram of the chain structure formation of the rheological fluid of the present invention;

[0036] The numbers in the figure show:

[0037] 1. Workbench, 2. Guide rail, 3. Center, 4. Rotating body mold, 5. Tool electrode, 6. Rotating body connecting block, 7. Belt, 8. First electrode, 9. Gap, 10. Storage table, 11. First insulating part, 12. Second insulating part, 13. Second electrode, 14. Groove, 15. Surface to be polished, 16. Chain structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides an electrorheological polishing device for polishing a rotating mold 4, including a workbench 1, a guide rail 2, a center 3, a tool electrode 5 and a rotating drive assembly.

[0041] A guide rail 2 is installed on the workbench 1, and the guide rail 2 is a linear guide rail 2. A connecting plate is installed on the guide rail 2, and the top 3 is installed on the connecting plate. When the connecting plate moves on the guide rail 2, the top 3 is driven to move.

[0042] like Figure 2As shown, the tool electrode 5 is cylindrical and is mounted on the workbench 1 through the storage table 10. The tool electrode 5 is fixed outside the area to be polished of the rotating body mold 4. The left and right ends of the tool electrode 5 are respectively connected to the power supply after integrating the positive and negative electrodes. The inner surface of the tool electrode 5 does not contact the outer surface of the area to be polished, and a certain gap 9 is left between the two. When working, the gap 9 is filled with polishing liquid. Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the tool electrode 5 includes a first electrode 8 and a first insulating portion 11, and the first electrode 8 includes a first positive electrode and a first negative electrode; there are four first positive electrodes, first negative electrodes and first insulating portions 11; the first positive electrode, the first insulating portion 11, the first negative electrode and the second insulating portion 12 are arranged alternately in sequence; the left and right ends of the tool electrode 5 respectively integrate the first positive electrode and the first negative electrode to form an electric field in the four first insulating portions 11, i.e., the polishing working area. A groove is provided on the first electrode 8, and the polishing liquid is introduced through the groove. As the rotary mold 4 rotates, the gap 9 between the tool electrode 5 and the rotary mold 4 is filled with the polishing liquid.

[0043] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the rotating body mold 4 includes a left end, a region to be polished and a right end; a tapered hole is provided at the left end of the rotating body, and the guide rail 2 drives the tip 3 to fix the left end of the rotating body mold 4 through the tapered hole, and the working electrode is fixed on the outer surface of the region to be polished, leaving a certain gap 9 between the two. During operation, the gap 9 is filled with polishing liquid; the right end of the rotating body is fixed to the rotating body connecting block 6 by bolts. The rotating body mold 4 can be an ellipsoidal mold.

[0044] The rotary body driving assembly includes a rotary body connecting block 6 and a belt 7, and the belt 7 can be a toothed belt 7. The toothed belt 7 drives the rotary body connecting block 6 to rotate, and the rotary body connecting block 6 drives the rotary body mold 4 to rotate, and the tool electrode 5 is fixed to achieve polishing.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] This embodiment provides an electrorheological polishing device, which is different from the embodiment 1 in that Figure 4 and Figure 6As shown, the tool electrode 5 includes a second electrode 13 and a second insulating portion 12, and the second electrode 13 includes a second positive electrode and a second negative electrode; there are four second positive electrodes, second negative electrodes and second insulating portions 12; the second positive electrodes, second insulating portions 12 and second negative electrodes are arranged alternately in sequence, and there is a gap between the second positive electrodes and the second negative electrodes; the left and right ends of the tool electrode 5 respectively integrate the second positive electrode and the second negative electrode to form an electric field in the four second insulating portions 12, that is, a polishing working area, and the polishing working area in this embodiment is larger than that in embodiment 1. A groove is provided on the second electrode 13, and the polishing liquid is introduced through the groove. As the rotary mold 4 rotates, the gap 9 between the tool electrode 5 and the rotary mold 4 is filled with the polishing liquid.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] This embodiment provides an electrorheological polishing method, using the electrorheological polishing device provided in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0049] S1. Fix the right end of the rotating body mold on the rotating body connecting block, and the left end is driven by the guide rail to move the top to the right until it presses against the tapered hole;

[0050] S2, integrating the left and right ends of the first electrode or the second electrode of the tool electrode and connecting them to a power source;

[0051] S3, the toothed belt 7 drives the rotating body mold to rotate;

[0052] S4, turn on the power, and let the polishing liquid flow through the groove on the first electrode or the second electrode. The gap between the inner surface of the tool electrode and the outer surface of the area to be polished is filled with the polishing liquid as the rotation moves. The polishing liquid undergoes rheological effect and produces a chain structure, such as Fig. 9 As shown;

[0053] S5. The rotating mold performs a rotating motion, and a semi-solid polishing liquid with a chain structure is generated in the gap between the inner surface of the tool electrode and the outer surface of the area to be polished, and the contact portion of the rotating mold and the polishing liquid is polished.

[0054] In the above method, the thickness of the tool electrode is 15 to 20 mm. The polishing liquid contains dielectric particles embedded with nano conductor particles, which can generate high strength under electric field and can well withstand long-term friction and temperature changes. The nano conductor particles can be carbon nano particles. The voltage of the power supply connected to the tool electrode is about 1-2 kV and the frequency is about 0.8 Hz.

[0055] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of various equivalent modifications or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, and these modifications or replacements should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An electrorheological polishing device for polishing a rotating body mold (4), characterized in that: The polishing device comprises a workbench (1), a guide rail (2), a center (3), a tool electrode (5) and a rotary drive assembly, wherein the guide rail (2) is mounted on the workbench (1), the center (3) is mounted on the guide rail (2) and forms a moving pair with the guide rail (2); the tool electrode (5) is connected to a power supply; one end of the rotary mold (4) is fixed on the rotary drive assembly, and the other end is against the center (3); the rotary drive assembly drives the rotary mold (4) to perform rotary motion; the tool electrode (5) is cylindrical and is sleeved on the outside of the rotary mold (4); a gap (9) is provided between the tool electrode (5) and the rotary mold (4); during polishing, the gap (9) is filled with polishing liquid.

2. An electrorheological polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool electrode (5) comprises a plurality of electrodes and a plurality of insulating parts, and the electrodes and insulating parts are arranged alternately in sequence; the electrodes comprise a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and all the positive electrodes are led out from one end of the tool electrode (5) to be connected to the positive pole of a power source, and all the negative electrodes are led out from the other end of the tool electrode (5) to be connected to the negative pole of a power source.

3. An electrorheological polishing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positive electrode, the insulating part, the negative electrode and the insulating part are arranged alternately in sequence; after the positive electrode and the negative electrode are connected to a power source, an electric field is formed in the insulating part.

4. An electrorheological polishing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positive electrode, the insulating part and the negative electrode are arranged alternately in sequence; there is a gap (9) between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; after the positive electrode and the negative electrode are connected to a power source, an electric field is formed in the insulating part.

5. The electrorheological polishing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electrode is provided with a groove (14), and the polishing liquid enters into the gap (9) between the tool electrode (5) and the rotating body mold (4) along the groove (14).

6. The electrorheological polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating body mold (4) comprises a first end, a region to be polished and a second end; the first end is provided with a tapered hole, and the tip (3) is against the tapered hole; a working electrode is fixed on the outer surface of the region to be polished; and the second end is connected to the rotating body driving assembly via bolts.

7. The electrorheological polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating body driving assembly comprises a rotating body connecting block (6) and a belt (7); one end of the rotating body connecting block (6) is connected to the rotating body mold (4), and the other end is connected to the belt (7).

8. An electrorheological polishing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The belt (7) is a toothed belt.

9. The electrorheological polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device also includes a storage table (10), wherein the storage table (10) is installed on the workbench (1), and the tool electrode (5) is fixed on the storage table (10).

10. A polishing method using the electrorheological polishing device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Step S1, fix one end of the rotary body mold (4) on the rotary body driving assembly, and the other end is driven by the guide rail (2) to resist the top (3); Step S2, the tool electrode (5) is connected to a power source and powered on; Step S3, the rotating body driving assembly drives the rotating body to perform a rotating motion; Step S4, introducing polishing liquid into the gap (9) between the tool electrode (5) and the rotating body mold (4), the polishing liquid undergoes rheological effect to generate a chain structure (16); Step S5, the semi-solid polishing liquid having a chain structure (16) polishes the part of the rotating body mold (4) that is in contact with the polishing liquid.

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