Device and method for pumping, discharging and purifying falling dust of cone crusher
Through the soft sealing system, dust collection processing system and dynamic airflow closed device, the problem of the dust diffusion and external restaurant of the cone crusher, and the efficient dust governance and equipment life extension.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411569191.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-05
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-28
AI Technical Summary
During operation, the airflow disturbance caused by the large height difference between the inlet and the blanking port and the rotational movement of the cone crusher causes dust to spread and escape, affecting the health and safety of the operators and reducing the life of the equipment.
Adopting the soft sealing system of the spin -off wind curtain, the dust collection and processing system of the crushing material in the material and the landing mouth, and the underlying dynamic airflow closed device at the bottom to achieve the limited sealing and the coordinated adjustment of the upper and lower dusting points to reduce the dust diffusion Essence
Effectively suppress the spread of dust, improve the efficiency of dust governance, extend the service life of the equipment, and ensure the health and safety of operators.
Smart Images
Figure CN119368262A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the field of dust control in production workshops and occupational health engineering regulation and control, and in particular to a device and method for extracting and purifying dust generated by falling materials of a cone crusher. Background Art
[0002] Cone crusher is responsible for the main work of ore crushing in the ore dressing process. It is the key equipment for processing incoming materials in large and medium-sized mines and is widely used in crushing operations. When the cone crusher is running, the incoming ore at the feed port will carry a lot of dust into the crusher. Due to the large height difference between the upper feed port and the lower feed port of the crusher, the material drop height is also large. In addition, the rotation of the internal moving parts will also form an induced airflow, which will cause the airflow to carry a lot of dust to escape to the various outlets of the equipment under the disturbance of the crusher operation, resulting in a large amount of dust diffusion and escape to the crushing workplace. Excessive dust concentration in the workplace will cause occupational hazards to the operators and affect the health and safety of the operators. At the same time, dust deposited on the surface of the motor and entering the coil layer will also increase the heat generation of the motor, shorten the service life of the equipment, and increase the operation and maintenance costs. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an efficient dust extraction and purification system for the falling material of the cone crusher to ensure that the dust concentration in the crushing workplace meets the national standards, avoid occupational hazards, protect the health and safety of the operators, and also improve the operation efficiency of the equipment.
[0003] In the prior art, the dust removal and purification method for cone crushers is usually to set dust extraction devices at the feeding and discharge ports of the equipment, and uniformly purify the sucked dust to achieve the purpose of dust removal; but due to the operation of the cone crusher, there is often accumulation of crushed materials at the crushing cone inside, which increases the resistance to dust suction and affects the suction and purification effect; at the same time, the large height difference between the feeding and discharge ports, coupled with the continuous and uninterrupted swinging motion of the crushing cone, will also cause turbulence in the air flow inside the equipment, and the air flow at the upper and lower collection points of the crushed materials is difficult to coordinate, and may even lead to the formation of local positive pressure in the crusher, causing dust to escape and unsatisfactory dust control effect.
[0004] There is also a common problem with existing suction devices, that is, during the feeding process, the broken material itself carries a large amount of dust. When it falls from a height and the speed continues to increase, a pressure difference will be formed between the upper and lower surfaces of the material, driving the airflow on the surface of the material to follow the movement of the material. Part of the air is surrounded by the particulate material to form a mixed flow of material and air; the other part of the airflow is outside the core area of the material and is formed into an orderly flow under the drag of the particles. The particle flow formed by the particles entraining the airflow gradually expands. When encountering obstacles or collisions, it will suddenly change the direction of movement and release the entrained dusty air at the same time, causing the dust in the nearby space to disperse and escape.
[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, there is an urgent need for a control mechanism and device that can perform limited sealing at the feed port and achieve upper and lower coordination of the feed and drop dust collection points, so as to break through the dust suppression and collection problems of the cone crusher from the source, effectively control the diffusion of dust, and improve the working environment. Summary of the invention
[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for extracting and purifying dust generated by the falling material of a cone crusher. The device can perform limited sealing on the feed port of the crusher, effectively inhibit dust diffusion, and simultaneously perform up and down efficient coordinated collection of dust generated by the feed port and the falling material port, and dynamically seal the airflow for dust leakage in the gap between the bottom of the crusher and the ground under high-frequency vibration, thereby improving the dust control efficiency and extending the service life of the crusher. The device comprises a swirl air curtain soft sealing system, a dust collection and treatment system for the crushing material feed port, a dust collection and treatment system for the crushing material falling material port, and a bottom dynamic airflow sealing device; The swirl air curtain soft sealing system is composed of an air curtain generator, an air supply fan, and a control system. Among them, four air curtain generators are arranged in a square shape in the dust-generating area of the feed inlet, and the generated air curtains are connected end to end to form an "invisible transparent barrier" to isolate the dust-generating area from the outside air. The inlet dust collection and treatment system includes an inlet suction port, an inlet dust collection pipeline, and an inlet dust collector, wherein the inlet suction port is arranged at the center position above the dust generating area, that is, the center above the swirl air curtain soft sealing system, and is connected thereto, and the dusty air within the soft sealing range is sucked through the inlet dust collection pipeline to the inlet dust collector for purification, and the dusty air is continuously diluted; The dust collection and treatment system at the material drop port is arranged at the material drop port position at the bottom of the cone crusher, and includes a material drop port sealing groove, a multi-layer soft sealing material, a material drop port suction port, a material drop port dust collection duct, and a material drop port dust collector to achieve the sealing of the material drop dust-producing area and the dust suction and purification. The material drop port sealing groove is made of steel material and has a long strip structure, which is connected to the side structure of the material drop belt to close the entire material drop area (including the material drop port and the material drop port belt) to achieve the sealing of the material drop port area; a multi-layer soft sealing material structure is arranged at the outlet position of the sealing groove of the material drop port to perform limited sealing resistance increase, thereby increasing the suction resistance of the dust drop port dust equipment to the outside air, so as to achieve the component balance of the suction airflow inside and outside the equipment; the multi-layer soft sealing material structure is in the shape of a curtain, which is installed on the outlet end face of the sealing groove, and includes a damping curtain, a mounting base plate, a mounting pressure arm, a quick-release handle, etc., which can be quickly installed, disassembled and replaced, and is convenient for daily maintenance.
[0007] The bottom dynamic airflow sealing device is installed between the bottom plate of the cone crusher and the ground, and has a disc-shaped structure, including an air inlet, a base, a panel, an air suction port and a sealing rubber strip, wherein the base and the panel are combined to form a circular structural frame of the sealing device, and the interior of the frame is hollow, serving as a closed channel for dynamic airflow. An air suction port is arranged on one side of the channel to connect a dust collector. During operation, the dust collector sucks through the air suction port, and the dust leaked during the high-frequency vibration grinding of the cone crusher is collected and processed through the dynamic airflow closed channel. A sealing rubber strip is arranged on the contact surface between the top of the sealing device and the cone crusher to strengthen the seal.
[0008] The swirl wind curtain soft sealing system is an important component of the present invention. The high-pressure fan is adjusted by the frequency converter to provide a suitable amount of air to enter the wind curtain generator. The wind curtain generator has an air supply slot structure inside. The wind curtain generator air supply slot structure is provided with a wind curtain generator guide blade structure. The air volume is blown out after passing through the air supply slot and guide blade of the wind curtain generator to form a plane jet wind curtain. The present invention can use 4 cylindrical wind curtain generators, which are arranged in a square. The wind curtains generated are connected end to end to achieve soft sealing of the dust-producing area. Compared with the traditional method of extracting dust without sealing at the feed inlet, it solves the problem of outward dispersion of dust in the sealed space and effectively suppresses the diffusion of dust at the feed inlet. The dust collection and treatment system for the crushing material inlet is another important component of the present invention. The inlet suction port of the dust collection and treatment system for the crushing material inlet is arranged at the center position above the swirl air curtain soft sealing system, and the dust-laden air within the soft sealing range of the air curtain is guided to enter the dust collection pipe of the inlet under the negative pressure of the suction airflow, and finally reach the dust collector of the inlet to complete purification; The dust collection and treatment system for the crushed material feed port is located around the feed port of the cone crusher, and is provided with a feed port sealing groove, which is installed and connected to the suction equipment to suck the dust at the feed port and enter the feed port dust collector through the feed port dust collecting pipe to complete the air suction and purification at the feed port. In addition, a multi-layer soft sealing material is designed and installed at the outlet of the guide chute to increase the suction resistance of the feed port dust collection equipment to the outside air, so as to achieve a weight balance of the suction airflow inside and outside the equipment and achieve a better dust suction and purification effect.
[0009] Preferably, the bottom dynamic airflow sealing device is installed in the gap between the bottom surface of the cone crusher and the ground. A dynamic airflow channel is provided inside the sealing device. An air suction port is provided at one end of the channel and connected to a dust collector, and an air inlet is provided at the other end. During operation, the dust collector is turned on, and dust leaked from the high-frequency grinding of the vibrating part of the cone crusher enters the bottom dynamic airflow sealing device under the action of suction, and enters the dust collector through the dynamic airflow channel therein for purification, thereby achieving control of dust leakage from the high-frequency grinding of the vibrating part.
[0010] A dynamic sealing method for dust generated by a dynamic grinding surface, including a method for determining a closed channel area and a dynamic sealing air volume size:
[0011] Where Q represents the dynamic sealing air volume, is the flow coefficient of the dynamic sealing section, A is the dynamic sealing cross-sectional area, is the gas density, is the static pressure of the dynamic sealing channel; The flow coefficient of the dynamic sealing section is the ratio of the flow rate of gas passing through the dynamic sealing section during the operation of the dynamic sealing device to the theoretical flow rate, and is calculated by measuring the actual flow rate and the theoretical flow rate.
[0012] The application of the upper and lower dust-collecting airflow control strategy at the feed port and the drop port is another major feature of the present invention. By studying the coupling law of the suction airflow at the upper feed port and the lower drop port, and according to the material accumulation situation inside the cone crusher, the upper and lower dust-collecting suction airflows are adjusted in specific proportions to achieve pressure balance of the suction airflows for dust collection at the feed port and the drop port, so that the interior of the crusher is in a negative pressure state, forming a coordinated operation of the upper and lower dust-collecting suction airflows. Compared with the single suction purification method of the upper feed port and the lower drop port, it can effectively reduce the probability of dust escape and improve the dust purification efficiency.
[0013] The unloading of the cone crusher will generate a large amount of impact airflow, which is related to the material flow, material density, material particle size, drop height, etc. In the typical link of the cone crusher, the impact airflow can be calculated according to the following formula:
[0014] in Q Indicates the impact gas flow rate; μ is the air flow viscosity; D is the cone crusher barrel diameter; ρ g and ρ p are gas and material densities respectively; m p is the material mass flow rate; d pis the material particle size, h is the material falling height; g is the gravitational acceleration; A and b are empirical constants related to the position and structural parameters of the cone crusher rolling rod, among which the cone crusher rolling rod position coefficient can be determined according to the ratio of the distance L between the highest position of the cone crusher and the material falling to the lower belt. When the cone crusher rolling rod is located in the upper 1 / 3 area of L, the value of A is 2; when the cone crusher rolling rod is located in the middle 1 / 3 area of L, the value of A is 1.5; when the cone crusher rolling rod is located in the lower 1 / 3 area of L, the value of A is 1; the cone crusher rolling rod structural parameters are determined by the ratio of the rolling rod diameter to the transparent area at the rolling rod. When the ratio is 5-8, b is 1.5; when the ratio is 3-4, b is 1.2; when the ratio is 1-2, b is 1. If the ratio is not an integer, it can be rounded off. Air volume Q of upper feeding air inlet 25 上 , the air volume Q of the lower material suction port 26 下 , and the relationship with the falling material impact airflow is as follows: (1) First, Q 下 Calculated from the range of Q value: Q 下 = (1.3~1.8) Q Among them, the value of 1.3~1.8 is determined by the hollow cross-sectional area S at the outlet of the material guide trough. When the hollow cross-sectional area S=the cross-sectional area of the material guide trough, take 1.3; when S=0.5×the cross-sectional area of the material guide trough, take 1.8, and the intermediate interpolation calculation is performed.
[0015] (2) Secondly, Q 上 Calculated from the range of Q value: Q 上 = (0.3~0.6) Q The value of 0.3~0.6 is determined by the ratio of the maximum crushing section to the minimum crushing section of the crushing cone inside the cone crusher. When the ratio is 3~1.5, take 0.3; when the ratio is 1.5~1, take 0.6, and interpolate the calculation in between.
[0016] In summary, the method and device for extracting and purifying dust generated by falling materials of a cone crusher of the present invention has the advantages of high efficiency, environmental protection and low consumption, can effectively suppress dust diffusion, realize efficient dust extraction and purification, and is suitable for cone crushing operations where dust diffusion is severe. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] Figure 1 This is the system diagram of the dust extraction and purification device for the cone crusher; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the swirl air curtain soft sealing system; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of air curtain generators; Figure 4 This is the internal structure diagram of the air curtain generator; Figure 5 It is a dust collection and treatment system for the crushing material inlet; Figure 6 It is a dust collection and treatment system for the crushed material drop port; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the sealing groove of the blanking port and the multi-layer soft sealing structure; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure and crushing section of the cone crusher; Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the installation position of the bottom gap and airflow dynamic sealing device of the cone crusher Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom airflow dynamic sealing device; In the figure, 1: swirl air curtain soft sealing system, 2: crushing material feeding port dust collection and treatment system, 3: crushing material dropping port dust collection and treatment system, 4: bottom dynamic airflow closing device, 5: air supply fan, 6: air curtain generator, 7: top dust cover, 8: feeding port dust collection pipeline, 9: feeding port dust collector, 10: feeding port dust collection and treatment control system, 11: dropping port sealing groove, 12: multi-layer soft sealing material, 13: dropping port dust collection pipeline, 14: dropping port dust collector, 15: dropping port Dust collection and processing control system, 16: cone crusher, 17: air distribution box, 18: air distribution duct, 19: air distribution duct interface, 20: side dust cover, 21: crushed material feeding belt, 22: wind curtain generator main structure, 23: wind curtain generator air supply slot structure, 24: wind curtain generator guide blade structure, 25: feeding air suction port, 26: falling material suction port, 27: air inlet, 28: cone crusher chassis, 29: base, 30: enclosure, 31: air suction port, 32: sealing rubber strip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0019] A method and device for extracting and purifying dust generated by falling materials of a cone crusher, such as Figure 1 As shown, the device includes a swirl air curtain soft sealing system 1, a crushed material inlet dust collection and treatment system 2, a crushed material outlet dust collection and treatment system 3 and a bottom dynamic airflow sealing device 4.
[0020] like Figure 2-3As shown, the swirl air curtain soft sealing system 1 is located at the upper feeding port of the cone crusher 16, that is, at the feeding end belt 21 of the crushed material as shown in Figure 3, and is composed of 4 cylindrical air curtain generators 6 arranged in a square. The air curtain generator 6 is cylindrical in shape and has an air supply slot structure 23 thereon. Each air curtain generator generates a plane jet air curtain at a certain angle and in the same rotating direction, and isolates the dust-generating area of the feeding port from the outside air through an "invisible transparent barrier" connected end to end; a top shield is set above the air curtain. The dust cover 7 is surrounded by side dust shields 20, which are used to make a sealed connection with the dust collection and processing system 2 of the crushing material inlet; the air curtain generator 6 is composed of an air supply fan 5, which divides the single air supply port of the fan into four air distribution ducts 18 on the left and right sides through an air distribution box 17. Each air distribution duct 18 is connected to the air distribution box 17 through an air distribution duct interface 19, and the air is respectively sent into the four air curtain generators 6, realizing the function of converting the air outlet of the fan to the air supply port of the four air curtain generators, ensuring the stable air supply of the air curtain generator; Figure 4 As shown, the structure of the wind curtain generator 6 includes: a wind curtain generator main structure 22, a wind curtain generator air supply slot structure 23 and a wind curtain generator guide blade structure 24, wherein the angle and spacing of the guide blades are matched with the actual situation on site, so that the deflection of the wind curtain meets the on-site requirements, forming a uniform and stable soft-sealed cross-flow wind curtain, and an air distribution box sealing gasket is installed at the installation connection between the air supply fan 5 and the air distribution box 17, and a sealing connection mechanism is installed at the installation connection between the air distribution duct 18 and the wind curtain generator 6 to ensure the sealing and continuous stability of the air supply.
[0021] like Figure 5 As shown, the dust collection and treatment system 2 for the crushing material feeding port has an inlet suction port 25 connected to the wind curtain generator 6 through a top dust cover 7, so as to realize dust suction at the center above the dust generating area of the feeding port. Under the negative pressure of the suction airflow, the dust-containing air within the soft sealing range is continuously diluted and taken away, so that the dust does not pass through the wind curtain, but directly passes through the upper feeding port dust collecting duct 8 to the feeding port dust collector 9 for purification.
[0022] like Figure 6-7 As shown, the dust collection and treatment system 3 at the crushed material discharge port is located near the discharge port of the cone crusher on the negative first floor, wherein the discharge port sealing groove 11 is installed and fixed above the discharge belt, and is connected to the side structure of the discharge belt, so that the discharge area sealed above the discharge belt is sealed as a whole, and a discharge suction port 26 is provided on the discharge port sealing groove 11 to suck the dust-containing air at the discharge location, and enter the discharge port dust collector 14 through the discharge port dust collecting pipe 13. At the same time, multiple layers of soft sealing material 12 are added at the outlet position of the discharge port sealing groove 11 to increase the suction resistance of the discharge port dust collection equipment to the outside air, thereby ensuring the component balance of the suction airflow inside and outside the equipment, and achieving better dust suction and purification effect.
[0023] like Figure 9-10 As shown, the dynamic airflow sealing device 4 at the bottom of the cone crusher is located in the gap between the cone crusher chassis 28 and the ground, and its top surface is in contact with the cone crusher chassis, and the sealing performance with the crusher chassis is increased by the sealing rubber strip 32. The bottom surface of the sealing device is placed on the ground and is sealed internally. The main structure of the dynamic airflow sealing device 4 at the bottom of the cone crusher is composed of an air inlet 27, a base 29, a panel 30, and an air suction port 31, forming a circular ring structure, which is hollow inside and has a dynamic airflow channel. At one end of the sealing device, the gap between the crusher and the ground is extended, and an air suction port 31 is set to connect with the dust collector. When the system is running, the bottom dynamic airflow sealing device allows the dust-containing air at the bottom of the cone crusher to enter the dust collector along the dynamic airflow channel through the air suction port under the suction of the dust collector, thereby realizing the suction and purification of a large amount of dust leaked from the bottom of the cone crusher when the cone crusher vibrates at high frequency.
[0024] In addition, the present invention has a mechanism for adjusting the ratio of the upper and lower dust-collecting suction airflows, that is, considering the accumulation of materials in the crushing chamber of the cone crusher, the coupling law of the suction airflows of the upper feed port and the lower drop port under different material amounts is studied respectively. When there is no accumulation of materials in the crushing chamber, the suction resistance is small, and the upper and lower dust-collecting suction airflows are used to collect dust according to a specific ratio, interfering with the movement of dust in the cone crusher with the airflow; when there is a large amount of material accumulation in the crushing chamber, the suction resistance becomes larger, and the ratio of the upper and lower dust-collecting suction airflows is changed and adjusted, which can effectively avoid the formation of local positive pressure in the cone crusher to aggravate the dust escape phenomenon. In addition, when the crusher is not crushing materials, the device can also be turned on to blow and suck the residual dust inside the crusher to achieve the dust cleaning function inside the crusher.
[0025] The mining belt cleaning device of the present invention can be applied to various occasions such as underground coal mines and coal mine surface conveying systems. Through reasonable design and configuration, each component can operate stably for a long time in a harsh environment, improve the cleaning effect and service life of the conveying system, and reduce the labor intensity and dust pollution of workers.
[0026] The embodiments of the present invention describe in detail the method and device for extracting and purifying dust generated by falling materials of a cone crusher, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modification, replacement, improvement and equivalent scheme within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention. For example, the number and arrangement of the air curtain and the dust removal system can be adjusted according to the actual situation of the crushing operation site, and the number and structure of the internal guide blades of the air curtain can also be optimized according to the specific situation to achieve the best effect.
Claims
1. A device for extracting and purifying dust generated by a cone crusher, comprising a dust collection and treatment system (2) for a crushed material inlet and a dust collection and treatment system (3) for a crushed material outlet, characterized in that: The invention also includes a swirl air curtain soft sealing system (1), wherein the swirl air curtain soft sealing system (1) is located at the upper feeding port of the cone crusher (16), and includes a plurality of air curtain generators (6), the air curtain generators (6) are connected to the air supply fan (5), the air curtain generators (6) are provided with air supply slot structures (23), a top dust cover (7) is arranged above the air curtain generators (6), and side dust covers (20) are arranged around the air curtain generators (6); A dust collection and treatment system (2) for a crushed material feed port comprises a feed air suction port (25), a feed port dust collection pipe (8), and a feed port dust collector (9), wherein the feed air suction port (25) is connected to a swirl air curtain soft sealing system (1) via a top dust cover (7), and the other end of the feed air suction port (25) is connected to the feed port dust collection pipe (8), and the dust sucked by the feed air suction port (25) eventually reaches the feed port dust collector (9) for purification; The dust collection and treatment system (3) for the crushed material discharge port is located near the discharge port of the cone crusher and comprises a discharge port sealing groove (11), a multi-layer soft sealing material (12), a discharge port suction port (26), a discharge port dust collection pipe (13), and a discharge port dust collector (14), wherein the discharge port sealing groove (11) is installed and fixed above the discharge belt and connected to the side structure of the discharge belt. The discharge port suction port (26) is arranged on the discharge port sealing groove (11) to suck the dust-containing air at the discharge port and enter the discharge port dust collector (14) through the discharge port dust collection pipe (13).
2. The device for extracting and purifying dust generated by falling materials from a cone crusher according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The invention also comprises a bottom dynamic airflow sealing device (4), the bottom dynamic airflow sealing device (4) comprising an air inlet (27), a base (29), a panel (30), and an air suction port (31), wherein the base (29) and the panel (30) are combined to form a main structure of the device, which is located in the gap between the cone crusher chassis (28) and the ground, with its top surface connected to the cone crusher chassis (28) and its bottom placed on the ground to form a circular ring structure, which is hollow inside to form a dynamic airflow channel, and the air inlet (27) and the air suction port (31) are arranged at both ends of the airflow channel.
3. The device for extracting and purifying dust generated by falling materials from a cone crusher according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The wind curtain generator (6) comprises: a wind curtain generator main body structure (22), a wind curtain generator air supply slot structure (23) and a wind curtain generator guide blade structure (24).
4. The device for extracting and purifying dust generated by falling materials from a cone crusher according to claim 3 is characterized in that: There are four wind curtain generators (6) arranged in a square, and the wind curtain generators (6) are cylindrical in shape.
5. The device for extracting and purifying dust generated by falling materials of a cone crusher according to claim 4 is characterized in that: It also includes an air distribution box (17), an air distribution duct (18), and an air distribution duct interface (19); the air distribution box (17) is connected to the air supply fan (5); the air distribution duct (18) is connected to the air distribution box (17) via the air distribution duct interface (19), so as to achieve stable air supply to the air curtain generator (6).
6. The device for extracting and purifying dust generated by falling materials of a cone crusher according to claim 5 is characterized in that: It also includes a sealing rubber strip (32), which is installed at the connection between the enclosure plate (30) and the cone crusher chassis (28) to improve the sealing performance of the enclosure plate (30) and the cone crusher chassis (28).
7. A method for dust purification, using the device for extracting and purifying dust generated by falling materials from a cone crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It comprises a dust collection and processing control system (10) for the material inlet and a dust collection and processing control system (15) for the material drop outlet, and controls the air volume Q of the upper material inlet suction port (25) by the following method 上 , the air volume Q of the lower material suction port (26) 下 : S1, by formula Calculate the impact gas flow rate Q, where μ is the air flow viscosity; D is the cone crusher barrel diameter; ρ g and ρ p are gas and material densities respectively; m p is the material mass flow rate; d p is the particle size of the material, h is the height of the material falling; g is the acceleration of gravity; A and b are empirical constants related to the position and structural parameters of the rolling roller of the cone crusher; S2, according to the impact air flow Q determined by S1, determine the exhaust air volume Q of the upper feed suction port (25) 上， Q 上 = (0.3~0.6) Q The value of 0.3~0.6 is determined by the ratio of the maximum crushing section to the minimum crushing section of the crushing cone inside the cone crusher. When the ratio is 3~1.5, 0.3 is selected; when the ratio is 1.5~1, 0.6 is selected. The intermediate interpolation calculation is based on the air volume Q of the feed suction port 25. 上 The value of controls the air volume of the inlet suction port 25 through the inlet dust collection and processing control system (10); S3, according to the impact air flow Q determined in S1, determine the exhaust air volume Q of the lower material suction port (26) 下， Q 下 = (1.3~1.8) Q The value of 1.3~1.8 is determined by the hollow cross-sectional area S at the outlet of the guide trough. When the hollow cross-sectional area S = the cross-sectional area of the guide trough, 1.3 is taken; when S = 0.5 × the cross-sectional area of the guide trough, 1.8 is taken. The intermediate interpolation calculation is based on the air volume Q of the blanking suction port (26). 下 The air volume of the blanking suction port (26) is controlled by the blanking port dust collection and processing control system (15).
8. The method for dust purification using the device for extracting and purifying dust generated by falling materials from a cone crusher according to claim 7, characterized in that: The dynamic sealing air volume Q is determined by the following method, , in, is the flow coefficient of the dynamic sealing section, A is the dynamic sealing cross-sectional area, is the gas density, is the static pressure of the dynamic seal channel; the flow coefficient of the dynamic seal section It is the ratio of the flow rate of gas passing through the dynamic sealing section during the operation of the dynamic sealing device to the theoretical flow rate, and is calculated by measuring the actual flow rate and the theoretical flow rate.