Processing method and device for laser cleaning and performance strengthening of aluminum alloy

Abstract

The invention provides a machining method and device for aluminum alloy laser cleaning and performance strengthening, and the machining method comprises the following steps: fixing an aluminum alloy matrix, and determining a to-be-cleaned area on the surface of the aluminum alloy matrix; according to the to-be-cleaned area on the surface of the aluminum alloy matrix, cleaning process parameters of a microsecond pulse laser head and a nanosecond pulse laser head control system are set; according to a laser scanning area formed by the microsecond pulse laser head and a laser scanning area formed by the nanosecond pulse laser head, composite laser cleaning is conducted along the scanning path according to the cleaning process parameters; wherein during composite laser cleaning, the microsecond pulse laser is in front and forms a microsecond pulse laser scanning area A1, the nanosecond pulse laser is in back and forms a nanosecond pulse laser scanning area A2, and the microsecond pulse laser scanning area A1 and the nanosecond pulse laser scanning area A2 are partially overlapped. The method has the technical effects that the laser cleaning efficiency is improved, and the mechanical property of the aluminum alloy is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of laser processing, and in particular relates to a processing method and device for laser cleaning and performance enhancement of aluminum alloy. Background Art

[0002] Traditional laser cleaning methods use a single laser source, mainly through the thermal effect of light to achieve heating and removal of pollution. Due to different working environments, the surface pollution composition of aluminum alloy materials is complex, and there are often multiple pollutants on the surface. Using a single laser to optimize the parameters of specific pollutants on the material surface is only suitable for the cleaning of specific pollutants. In general, the use of a single laser source has the problem of a narrow range of pollutant types to be cleaned and low cleaning efficiency.

[0003] Furthermore, laser cleaning and strengthening the mechanical properties of the material surface after cleaning are two processes. Conventional surface performance strengthening methods first require cleaning the metal substrate surface, and then strengthening the cleaned surface. If laser cleaning and laser shock strengthening processes are used separately to improve the surface mechanical properties, the process parameters of laser cleaning and laser shock strengthening need to be pre-optimized and set. The two processes cannot be carried out at the same time, which increases the complexity of the overall process.

[0004] In order to enhance the laser cleaning effect, conventional laser cleaning methods in the prior art increase the laser energy density to avoid incomplete cleaning. However, the increase in laser energy density will also cause damage to the substrate during cleaning, and increase the difficulty of laser parameter optimization. Therefore, it is necessary to find a way to reasonably distribute laser energy to avoid substrate damage during laser cleaning. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art and provide a new technical solution for a processing method and device for laser cleaning and performance enhancement of aluminum alloys.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a processing method for laser cleaning and performance enhancement of aluminum alloy is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Fix the aluminum alloy substrate and determine the surface area to be cleaned;

[0008] According to the area to be cleaned on the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate, the cleaning process parameters of the microsecond pulse laser head and the nanosecond pulse laser head control system are set;

[0009] According to the laser scanning area formed by the microsecond pulse laser head and the laser scanning area formed by the nanosecond pulse laser head, composite laser cleaning is performed along the scanning path according to the cleaning process parameters; wherein, when performing composite laser cleaning, the microsecond pulse laser is in front and forms a microsecond pulse laser scanning area A1, the nanosecond pulse laser is in the back and forms a nanosecond pulse laser scanning area A2, and the microsecond pulse laser scanning area A1 partially overlaps with the nanosecond pulse laser scanning area A2.

[0010] Optionally, the overlapping area of ​​the nanosecond pulse laser scanning area A2 and the microsecond pulse laser scanning area A1 is 25%-50% of the area of ​​the microsecond pulse laser scanning area A1.

[0011] Optionally, the width D2 of the nanosecond pulse laser scanning area A2 is equal to the width D1 of the microsecond pulse laser scanning area A1.

[0012] Optionally, the cleaning process parameters include: pulse width, pulse frequency, spot diameter, output power and scanning speed.

[0013] Optionally, the included angles between the scanning light beams emitted by the nanosecond pulse laser head and the microsecond pulse laser head and the area to be cleaned are both 50° to 75°.

[0014] Optionally, a first angle is formed between the scanning beam emitted by the nanosecond pulse laser head and the aluminum alloy substrate, a second angle is formed between the scanning beam emitted by the microsecond pulse laser and the aluminum alloy substrate, and the first angle is equal to the second angle, and the spot diameter d2 formed by the nanosecond pulse laser focusing on the area to be cleaned and the spot diameter d1 formed by the microsecond pulse laser focusing on the surface to be cleaned satisfy d2≤d1.

[0015] Optionally, the wavelength of the nanosecond pulse laser formed by the nanosecond pulse laser head is 1064 nm, and the wavelength of the microsecond pulse laser formed by the microsecond pulse laser head is 1064 nm.

[0016] Optionally, the cleaning process parameters of the nanosecond pulse laser head are: pulse width of 100ns-150ns, pulse frequency of 200KHz-400KHz, output power of 80W-100W, scanning speed of 3000mm / s-7000mm / s;

[0017] The cleaning process parameters of the microsecond pulse laser head are: pulse width of 1 μs, pulse frequency of 20 KHz to 50 KHz, output power of 150W to 350W, and scanning speed of 800mm / s to 2000mm / s.

[0018] According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a processing device for laser cleaning and performance enhancement of aluminum alloy, which adopts the processing method as described in the first aspect, and includes a nanosecond pulse laser head, a microsecond pulse laser head, a first fixed plate, a second fixed plate, a first rotating motor, a second rotating motor and a temperature sensor;

[0019] An installation area is formed between the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate, the nanosecond pulse laser head, the microsecond pulse laser head and the temperature sensor are all arranged in the installation area, and the temperature sensor is located between the nanosecond pulse laser head and the microsecond pulse laser head; wherein the nanosecond pulse laser head and the microsecond pulse laser head are rotatably connected to the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate respectively;

[0020] The first rotary motor is connected to the nanosecond pulse laser head and is used to drive the nanosecond pulse laser head to rotate; the second rotary motor is connected to the microsecond pulse laser head and is used to drive the microsecond pulse laser head to rotate;

[0021] The temperature sensor is used to measure the temperature of the overlapping portion of the microsecond pulse laser scanning area A1 formed by the microsecond pulse laser and the nanosecond pulse laser scanning area A2 formed by the nanosecond pulse laser; wherein the temperature is less than 85% of the melting point of the aluminum alloy matrix.

[0022] Optionally, the processing device for laser cleaning and performance enhancement of aluminum alloy further comprises a sensor fixture, a first fixing fixture, a second fixing fixture and a motor storage box; the temperature sensor is fixed to the sensor fixture, the nanosecond pulse laser head is fixed to the first fixing fixture, and the microsecond pulse laser head is fixed to the second fixing fixture; the first fixing fixture and the second fixing fixture are rotatably connected to the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate respectively;

[0023] The motor storage box is fixed to the side of the second fixing plate away from the first fixing plate, the first rotating motor and the second rotating motor are both arranged in the motor storage box, and the output shaft of the first rotating motor passes through the motor storage box, the second fixing plate and is fixedly connected to the first fixing clamp in sequence, and the output shaft of the second rotating motor passes through the motor storage box, the second fixing plate and is fixedly connected to the second fixing clamp in sequence.

[0024] A technical effect of the present invention is:

[0025] In the embodiments of the present application, the processing method and device for laser cleaning and performance enhancement of aluminum alloy utilize two light sources, nanosecond pulse laser and microsecond pulse laser, with different pulse widths, which are combined in tandem to perform precise laser cleaning operations, which not only improves the efficiency of the laser cleaning operation, but also enhances the mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy.

[0026] Specifically, the high power of microsecond pulse laser is used to clean and destroy the object to be cleaned over a large area, and 85%-95% of the thickness is removed. At the same time, part of the laser energy in the cleaning process is transferred to the aluminum alloy matrix to generate energy accumulation, and the aluminum alloy surface forms a micro-melted state; at this time, the high repetition frequency characteristics and impact effect of nanosecond pulse laser are used to remove the remaining thickness of pollutants, and under the repeated impact of multiple pulses, a grain refinement layer is formed on the cleaned surface of the aluminum alloy, so that the mechanical properties are improved. Therefore, the processing method and device for laser cleaning and performance enhancement of aluminum alloys combine the characteristics of high energy input of microsecond pulse lasers and high repetition frequency of nanosecond pulse lasers, which not only improves the efficiency of laser cleaning but also enhances the mechanical properties of aluminum alloys. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a processing method for laser cleaning and performance enhancement of aluminum alloy according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic flow chart of a processing method for laser cleaning and performance enhancement of aluminum alloy according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a processing device for laser cleaning and performance enhancement of aluminum alloy according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of a processing device for laser cleaning and performance enhancement of aluminum alloy according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the requirements for the light spot formed by a processing device for laser cleaning and performance enhancement of aluminum alloy according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of another working state of a processing device for laser cleaning and performance enhancement of aluminum alloy according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: 1-1, nanosecond pulse laser head; 1-2, microsecond pulse laser head; 2-1, first fixed plate; 2-2, second fixed plate; 3, sensor fixture; 4, temperature sensor; 5-1, first fixed fixture; 5-2, second fixed fixture; 6, motor storage box; 7-1, first rotating motor; 7-2, second rotating motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] Various exemplary embodiments of the present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application.

[0035] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limitations on the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0036] The term "first" or "second" in the specification and claims of this application may include one or more of the features explicitly or implicitly. In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more. In addition, "and / or" in the specification and claims means at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally means that the objects connected before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0037] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0038] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0039] According to a first aspect of the present invention, see Figure 1, provides a processing method for laser cleaning and performance enhancement of aluminum alloy, which uses nanosecond pulse laser and microsecond pulse laser to achieve surface cleaning and mechanical property enhancement of aluminum alloy. It makes full use of laser energy, not only effectively improves the laser cleaning efficiency, but also simultaneously enhances the mechanical properties of aluminum alloy.

[0040] Specifically, the processing method for laser cleaning and performance enhancement of aluminum alloy includes the following steps:

[0041] Step S11, fixing the aluminum alloy substrate and determining the surface area to be cleaned;

[0042] Step S21, setting cleaning process parameters of a microsecond pulse laser head and a nanosecond pulse laser head control system according to the area to be cleaned on the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate;

[0043] Step S31, according to the laser scanning area formed by the microsecond pulse laser head and the laser scanning area formed by the nanosecond pulse laser head, composite laser cleaning is performed along the scanning path according to the cleaning process parameters; wherein, when performing composite laser cleaning, the microsecond pulse laser is in front and forms a microsecond pulse laser scanning area A1, the nanosecond pulse laser is in the back and forms a nanosecond pulse laser scanning area A2, and the microsecond pulse laser scanning area A1 partially overlaps with the nanosecond pulse laser scanning area A2.

[0044] In the embodiments of the present application, the processing method and device for laser cleaning and performance enhancement of aluminum alloy utilize two light sources, nanosecond pulse laser and microsecond pulse laser, with different pulse widths, which are combined in tandem to perform precise laser cleaning operations, which not only improves the efficiency of the laser cleaning operation, but also enhances the mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy.

[0045] Specifically, the high power of microsecond pulse laser is used to clean and destroy the object to be cleaned over a large area, and 85%-95% of the thickness is removed. At the same time, part of the laser energy in the cleaning process is transferred to the aluminum alloy matrix to generate energy accumulation, and the aluminum alloy surface forms a micro-melted state; at this time, the high repetition frequency characteristics and impact effect of nanosecond pulse laser are used to remove the remaining thickness of pollutants, and under the repeated impact of multiple pulses, a grain refinement layer is formed on the cleaned surface of the aluminum alloy, so that the mechanical properties are improved. Therefore, the processing method and device for laser cleaning and performance enhancement of aluminum alloys combine the characteristics of high energy input of microsecond pulse lasers and high repetition frequency of nanosecond pulse lasers, which not only improves the efficiency of laser cleaning but also enhances the mechanical properties of aluminum alloys.

[0046] For example, the nanosecond pulse laser is in front, that is Figure 5 In (a), the microsecond pulse laser is at the back in the positive direction of the y-axis. Figure 5 In the negative direction of the y-axis, the microsecond pulse spot and the nanosecond pulse spot at least partially overlap.

[0047] like Figure 5 As shown in (b), the total scanning length L of the microsecond pulse spot and the nanosecond pulse spot in the y-axis direction D1 =L D2 .

[0048] Further, such as Figure 5 As shown in (c) and (d), the motion trajectories of the microsecond pulse spot and the nanosecond pulse spot are both S-shaped, and the microsecond pulse spot and the nanosecond pulse spot are required to overlap in the x and y directions, so as to achieve complete cleaning of the aluminum alloy surface and enhance the surface performance.

[0049] In this embodiment, if Figure 5 As shown, the center distance D between the microsecond pulse spot and the nanosecond pulse spot is adjustable, and is achieved by changing the angle between the nanosecond pulse laser head and the microsecond pulse laser head and the height position of the device in the vertical direction. Furthermore, the temperature sensor is located at the center between the nanosecond pulse laser head and the microsecond pulse laser head, and is used to detect the temperature of the overlapping part of the microsecond pulse spot and the nanosecond pulse spot. Among them, the sensor fixture adopts a non-adjustable design to ensure that the temperature sensor is fixed in the up and down direction and the left and right direction, ensuring the measured temperature is accurate.

[0050] Optionally, the overlapping area of ​​the nanosecond pulse laser scanning area A2 and the microsecond pulse laser scanning area A1 is 25%-50% of the area of ​​the microsecond pulse laser scanning area A1. This helps to improve the efficiency of the laser cleaning operation and also enhance the mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy.

[0051] Optionally, the width D2 of the nanosecond pulse laser scanning area A2 is equal to the width D1 of the microsecond pulse laser scanning area A1. This can fully utilize the laser energy, not only effectively improve the laser cleaning efficiency, but also simultaneously strengthen the mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy.

[0052] Optionally, the cleaning process parameters include: pulse width, pulse frequency, spot diameter, output power and scanning speed, which helps to ensure the laser cleaning effect.

[0053] Optionally, the included angles between the scanning light beams emitted by the nanosecond pulse laser head and the microsecond pulse laser head and the area to be cleaned are both 50° to 75°.

[0054] In the above embodiment, it is possible to better prevent the positions of the nanosecond pulse laser head and the microsecond pulse laser head from interfering with each other and causing damage.

[0055] For example, both microsecond pulse laser and nanosecond pulse laser control the movement of the laser in the x and y directions of the area to be cleaned by rotating the galvanometer in the x and y directions. Since the movement range of the laser spot achieved by rotating the galvanometer is limited, the movement of the fixed platform under the aluminum alloy substrate can be combined to achieve large-area cleaning and performance enhancement of the aluminum alloy surface.

[0056] Optionally, a first angle is formed between the scanning beam emitted by the nanosecond pulse laser head and the aluminum alloy substrate, a second angle is formed between the scanning beam emitted by the microsecond pulse laser and the aluminum alloy substrate, and the first angle is equal to the second angle, and the spot diameter d2 formed by the nanosecond pulse laser focusing on the area to be cleaned and the spot diameter d1 formed by the microsecond pulse laser focusing on the surface to be cleaned satisfy d2≤d1.

[0057] In the above-mentioned implementation, nanosecond pulse laser and microsecond pulse laser can be fully utilized to achieve aluminum alloy surface cleaning and mechanical property strengthening.

[0058] Optionally, the wavelength of the nanosecond pulse laser formed by the nanosecond pulse laser head is 1064nm, and the wavelength of the microsecond pulse laser formed by the microsecond pulse laser head is 1064nm. This enables the nanosecond pulse laser head and the microsecond pulse laser head to achieve aluminum alloy surface cleaning and mechanical property strengthening.

[0059] Optionally, the cleaning process parameters of the nanosecond pulse laser head are: pulse width of 100ns-150ns, pulse frequency of 200KHz-400KHz, output power of 80W-100W, scanning speed of 3000mm / s-7000mm / s;

[0060] The cleaning process parameters of the microsecond pulse laser head are: pulse width of 1 μs, pulse frequency of 20 KHz to 50 KHz, output power of 150W to 350W, and scanning speed of 800mm / s to 2000mm / s.

[0061] In the above-mentioned implementation, the laser cleaning efficiency can be improved well, and the mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy can be strengthened simultaneously.

[0062] Exemplarily, before determining the area to be cleaned, the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate is pretreated to remove foreign matter such as dust on the surface of the area to be cleaned.

[0063] According to the second aspect of the present invention, see Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6, provides a processing device for laser cleaning and performance enhancement of aluminum alloy, adopts the processing method as described in the first aspect, includes a nanosecond pulse laser head 1-1, a microsecond pulse laser head 1-2, a first fixed plate 2-1, a second fixed plate 2-2, a first rotating motor 7-1, a second rotating motor 7-2 and a temperature sensor 4; wherein the nanosecond pulse laser head 1-1 is used to enhance the surface performance of the aluminum alloy substrate, and the microsecond pulse laser head 1-2 is used to clean the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate. The temperature sensor 4 is used to monitor the temperature change during laser cleaning and laser cleaning enhancement of the area to be cleaned.

[0064] An installation area is formed between the first fixing plate 2-1 and the second fixing plate 2-1, and the nanosecond pulse laser head 1-1, the microsecond pulse laser head 1-2 and the temperature sensor 4 are all arranged in the installation area, and the temperature sensor 4 is located between the nanosecond pulse laser head 1-1 and the microsecond pulse laser head 1-2; wherein the nanosecond pulse laser head 1-1 and the microsecond pulse laser head 1-2 are rotatably connected to the first fixing plate 2-1 and the second fixing plate 2-2 respectively;

[0065] The first rotating motor 7-1 is connected to the nanosecond pulse laser head 1-1, and is used to drive the nanosecond pulse laser head 1-1 to rotate; the second rotating motor 7-2 is connected to the microsecond pulse laser head 1-2, and is used to drive the microsecond pulse laser head 1-2 to rotate; the first rotating motor 7-1 and the second rotating motor 7-2 are used to achieve that the nanosecond pulse laser head 1-1 and the microsecond pulse laser head 1-2 can adjust the distance and angle between the two lasers after rotating at a specific angle;

[0066] The temperature sensor 4 is used to measure the temperature of the overlapping portion of the microsecond pulse laser scanning area A1 formed by the microsecond pulse laser and the nanosecond pulse laser scanning area A2 formed by the nanosecond pulse laser; wherein the temperature is less than 85% of the melting point of the aluminum alloy matrix.

[0067] In one example, the temperature sensor needs to be combined with post-processing software to monitor the temperature changes during the laser cleaning and performance enhancement process in real time to ensure that the surface temperature of the aluminum alloy substrate during the cleaning process does not exceed 85% of the melting point of the aluminum alloy.

[0068] In the above embodiment, the microsecond pulse laser first removes 85%-95% of the cleaning material, and at the same time, through high energy input, the surface metal enters a micro-melting state; and the high-frequency impact of the nanosecond pulse laser is used to achieve the grain refinement of the micro-melting material, so that the surface mechanical properties are improved. In addition, the temperature sensor can effectively avoid the melting damage of the aluminum alloy substrate, and better ensure the safety and stability of the laser cleaning process.

[0069] It should be noted that, compared with the existing laser cleaning and laser shock strengthening technologies, the present application utilizes low-energy-density microsecond pulse lasers to achieve cleaning, thereby obtaining an aluminum alloy substrate surface that is pollution-free and has strengthening conditions. High-energy-density nanosecond pulse lasers are used to achieve high-frequency impact on the micro-melted layer on the surface cleaned by the micro-pulse laser. When the micro-melted layer is impacted and rapidly cooled, the surface layer can achieve grain refinement, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy surface layer.

[0070] Optionally, the processing device for laser cleaning and performance enhancement of aluminum alloy further includes a sensor fixture 3, a first fixing fixture 5-1, a second fixing fixture 5-2 and a motor storage box 6; the temperature sensor 4 is fixed to the sensor fixture 3, the nanosecond pulse laser head 1-1 is fixed to the first fixing fixture 5-1, and the microsecond pulse laser head 1-2 is fixed to the second fixing fixture 5-2; the first fixing fixture 5-1 and the second fixing fixture 5-2 are rotatably connected to the first fixing plate 2-1 and the second fixing plate 2-2 respectively;

[0071] The motor storage box 6 is fixed to the side of the second fixed plate 2-2 away from the first fixed plate 2-1, and the first rotating motor 7-1 and the second rotating motor 7-2 are both arranged in the motor storage box 6, and the output shaft of the first rotating motor 7-1 passes through the motor storage box 6, the second fixed plate 1-2 and is fixedly connected to the first fixing clamp 5-1 in sequence, and the output shaft of the second rotating motor 7-2 passes through the motor storage box 6, the second fixed plate 1-2 and is fixedly connected to the second fixing clamp 5-2 in sequence.

[0072] In the above-mentioned implementation, the stability of the operation of the processing device for laser cleaning and performance enhancement of aluminum alloy can be ensured.

[0073] In a specific embodiment, see Figure 2 The processing method for laser cleaning and performance enhancement of aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:

[0074] Step S21: fixing the aluminum alloy substrate and determining the surface area to be cleaned;

[0075] Step S22: setting the angle between the nanosecond pulse laser head and the microsecond pulse laser head, the spot center distance and the laser cleaning process parameters according to the area to be cleaned on the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate;

[0076] Step S23: The single light spots generated by the microsecond pulse laser head and the nanosecond pulse laser head are scanned and overlapped into a pulse light spot cleaning area under the action of the scanning galvanometer; at the same time, it is ensured that the nanosecond pulse laser scanning area is within the microsecond pulse laser scanning area;

[0077] Step S24: In the process of laser cleaning and aluminum alloy substrate surface strengthening, the microsecond pulse laser is in front and the nanosecond pulse laser is in the back, and the generated microsecond pulse spot and nanosecond pulse spot at least partially overlap.

[0078] In the above implementation, the laser energy is fully utilized, which not only effectively improves the laser cleaning efficiency but also simultaneously strengthens the mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy.

[0079] Exemplarily, when fixing the aluminum alloy substrate, the range of cleaning and performance enhancement is selected; the height and position of the device are adjusted, and the height and initial position of the device are adjusted according to the thickness and size of the cleaning material.

[0080] In the implementation of the present application, the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate are made of aluminum alloy. The rotating shaft parts of the first fixing fixture and the second fixing fixture are fixed at the four holes of the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate, supported by bearings and ensuring the smooth rotation of the first fixing fixture and the nanosecond pulse laser head and the second fixing fixture and the microsecond pulse laser head. The first fixing plate and the second fixing plate are also used to fix the sensor fixture and the motor storage box, so that the above components are tightly fixed without relative displacement.

[0081] Exemplarily, the rotation angles of the nanosecond pulse laser head and the microsecond pulse laser head are limited within a certain range, and the angles between the nanosecond pulse laser head and the microsecond pulse laser head and the first fixed plate or the second fixed plate are equal, thereby ensuring that the overlapping area of ​​the cleaning spot and the performance enhancement spot is directly below the temperature sensor.

[0082] Exemplarily, both the first rotary motor and the second rotary motor are servo motors, and the laser angle is adjusted by rotating angle control.

[0083] It is to be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For those of ordinary skill in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A processing method for laser cleaning and performance enhancement of aluminum alloy, characterized in that: The steps include: Fix the aluminum alloy substrate and determine the surface area to be cleaned; According to the area to be cleaned on the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate, the cleaning process parameters of the control system of the microsecond pulse laser head and the nanosecond pulse laser head are set; According to the laser scanning area formed by the microsecond pulse laser head and the laser scanning area formed by the nanosecond pulse laser head, composite laser cleaning is performed along the scanning path according to the cleaning process parameters; wherein, when performing composite laser cleaning, the microsecond pulse laser is in front and forms a microsecond pulse laser scanning area A1, the nanosecond pulse laser is in the back and forms a nanosecond pulse laser scanning area A2, and the microsecond pulse laser scanning area A1 partially overlaps with the nanosecond pulse laser scanning area A2.

2. The processing method for laser cleaning and performance enhancement of aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overlapping area of ​​the nanosecond pulse laser scanning area A2 and the microsecond pulse laser scanning area A1 is 25%-50% of the area of ​​the microsecond pulse laser scanning area A1.

3. The processing method for laser cleaning and performance enhancement of aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width D2 of the nanosecond pulse laser scanning area A2 is equal to the width D1 of the microsecond pulse laser scanning area A1.

4. The processing method for laser cleaning and performance enhancement of aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning process parameters include: pulse width, pulse frequency, spot diameter, output power and scanning speed.

5. The processing method for laser cleaning and performance enhancement of aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The included angles between the scanning light beams emitted by the nanosecond pulse laser head and the microsecond pulse laser head and the area to be cleaned are both 50° to 75°.

6. The processing method for laser cleaning and performance enhancement of aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first angle is formed between the scanning beam emitted by the nanosecond pulse laser head and the aluminum alloy substrate, a second angle is formed between the scanning beam emitted by the microsecond pulse laser and the aluminum alloy substrate, and the first angle is equal to the second angle, and a spot diameter d2 formed by the nanosecond pulse laser focusing on the area to be cleaned and a spot diameter d1 formed by the microsecond pulse laser focusing on the surface to be cleaned satisfy d2≤d1.

7. The processing method for laser cleaning and performance enhancement of aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wavelength of the nanosecond pulse laser formed by the nanosecond pulse laser head is 1064 nm, and the wavelength of the microsecond pulse laser formed by the microsecond pulse laser head is 1064 nm.

8. The processing method for laser cleaning and performance enhancement of aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning process parameters of the nanosecond pulse laser head are: pulse width of 100ns-150ns, pulse frequency of 200KHz-400KHz, output power of 80W-100W, scanning speed of 3000mm / s-7000mm / s; The cleaning process parameters of the microsecond pulse laser head are: pulse width of 1 μs, pulse frequency of 20 KHz to 50 KHz, output power of 150 W to 350 W, and scanning speed of 800 mm / s to 2000 mm / s.

9. A processing device for laser cleaning and performance enhancement of aluminum alloy, characterized in that: The processing method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is adopted, comprising a nanosecond pulse laser head, a microsecond pulse laser head, a first fixing plate, a second fixing plate, a first rotating motor, a second rotating motor and a temperature sensor; An installation area is formed between the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate, the nanosecond pulse laser head, the microsecond pulse laser head and the temperature sensor are all arranged in the installation area, and the temperature sensor is located between the nanosecond pulse laser head and the microsecond pulse laser head; wherein the nanosecond pulse laser head and the microsecond pulse laser head are rotatably connected to the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate respectively; The first rotary motor is connected to the nanosecond pulse laser head and is used to drive the nanosecond pulse laser head to rotate; the second rotary motor is connected to the microsecond pulse laser head and is used to drive the microsecond pulse laser head to rotate; The temperature sensor is used to measure the temperature of the overlapping portion of the microsecond pulse laser scanning area A1 formed by the microsecond pulse laser and the nanosecond pulse laser scanning area A2 formed by the nanosecond pulse laser; wherein the temperature is less than 85% of the melting point of the aluminum alloy matrix.

10. The processing device for laser cleaning and performance enhancement of aluminum alloy according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes a sensor fixture, a first fixing fixture, a second fixing fixture and a motor storage box; the temperature sensor is fixed to the sensor fixture, the nanosecond pulse laser head is fixed to the first fixing fixture, and the microsecond pulse laser head is fixed to the second fixing fixture; the first fixing fixture and the second fixing fixture are rotatably connected to the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate respectively; The motor storage box is fixed to the side of the second fixing plate away from the first fixing plate, the first rotating motor and the second rotating motor are both arranged in the motor storage box, and the output shaft of the first rotating motor passes through the motor storage box, the second fixing plate and is fixedly connected to the first fixing clamp in sequence, and the output shaft of the second rotating motor passes through the motor storage box, the second fixing plate and is fixedly connected to the second fixing clamp in sequence.

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