Universal riveting and drilling device for box-shaped assembly with approximately triangular section

Abstract

The universal riveting drilling device comprises a base 1, a supporting plate 2, a template 3, a positioning clamping plate 4 and an ejector rod assembly 5, the base 1 is of a cuboid blocky structure, a rectangular groove 1-1 is formed in the upper surface of the cuboid, and the center of the rectangular groove 1-1 coincides with the center of a profile rectangle of the upper surface; a round through hole 1-2 is formed in the center of the rectangular groove 1-1, threaded blind holes 1-3 are formed in the four corners of the upper surface, the distance between the four holes and the edge of the upper surface is larger than the diameter of the holes, and the four holes are symmetrical relative to the long-side symmetry axis and the short-side symmetry axis of the upper surface. U-shaped blind holes 1-4 are formed in the vertical faces of the short edges of the tetragonal body respectively, and the centers of the blind holes 1-4 coincide with the center of the outline rectangle of the face where the blind holes 1-4 are located.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of metal bonding and riveting assembly, and in particular to a universal riveting drilling device for a box-shaped component with a nearly triangular cross-section. Background Art

[0002] like Figure 1 As shown, the main rotor blade of a helicopter rotor is the lift component of the helicopter, and is mainly composed of a beam, a pressure signal sensor, a nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component, a joint and a wing tip.

[0003] like Figure 2 As shown, the main blade adopts a NACA0012 wing shape, and its wing shape is composed of a hollow tubular aluminum alloy beam in the front section (abbreviated as: beam) and an aluminum alloy box-shaped part with a nearly triangular cross-section in the rear section (abbreviated as: nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component).

[0004] like Figure 3 As shown, the nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component and the beam are assembled through a metal bonding process to form a complete wing shape. The upper skin, lower skin, and web of the nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component are respectively bonded to the corresponding areas of the beam through adhesives to form a complete wing shape.

[0005] like Figure 4 As shown, the nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component is composed of aluminum alloy sheet metal parts such as upper skin, lower skin, web, wing ribs, and extension plate assembled by metal bonding process. Among them, the web and the wing ribs of the nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component are assembled by bonding + riveting process.

[0006] The metal blade airfoil gradually becomes thinner and has a twist angle from the root to the tip, and the cross-sectional shape of the nearly triangular-section box-shaped components at various parts of the blade also gradually becomes thinner and has a twist angle along with the blade shape.

[0007] Since the blades need to rotate at high speed during helicopter flight, the blade shape tolerance must be strictly controlled to ensure its aerodynamic performance and control vibration amplitude. Specifically, the blade chord length is required to be controlled within the range of ±0.5mm.

[0008] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, since the chord length of the blade is the sum of the chord lengths of the girder and the nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component, the chord length of the nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component needs to be accurately controlled. Furthermore, the riveting position of the web needs to be accurate, that is, the distance tolerance between the web plane and the rear edge of the extension plate needs to be controlled. At the same time, the flatness of the web and the verticality of the web and the center chord line of the nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component need to be controlled to ensure that the web fits the girder everywhere, thereby ensuring the bonding strength.

[0009] The web riveting holes are made by manual drilling. Figure 5As shown, when drilling with the existing method, one operator is required to clamp the web plane and the rear edge surface of the extension plate with a vernier caliper to control the distance between the two, and another operator uses a drilling tool to drill rivet holes for riveting on the edge ribs on both sides of the nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component through the pre-drilled rivet holes on the web. The rivet holes on the web and the ribs are matched, and rivets are placed in to form the rivets.

[0010] The existing operation method has the following problems:

[0011] 1. Since the web is made of thin-walled aluminum plate formed by sheet metal, the web is prone to warping after sheet metal forming. In addition, the web is easily deformed by external forces during riveting, causing the web plane to warp and twist. This ultimately leads to the problem of flatness tolerance after riveting;

[0012] 2. The vernier caliper can only ensure the positioning size at the contact point of its claws. However, due to the possibility of torsion of the web, it is easy to cause the web plane to twist. As a result, after the web is riveted, the two ends of the web twist, causing the web plane to be non-perpendicular to the chord line, ultimately causing the nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component to interfere with the beam after assembly.

[0013] 3. Drilling requires two people to complete, and the work efficiency is low;

[0014] 4. The operating space is small and the operation is inconvenient. Summary of the invention

[0015] The present application provides a universal riveting drilling device for a nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component, which is used to solve the problems of excessive chord length of the box-shaped component, excessive web flatness, and perpendicularity between the web and the center chord of the nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component that are easy to occur after riveting.

[0016] Technical solution: A universal riveting and drilling device for a nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component, comprising a base 1, a support plate 2, a mold plate 3, a positioning card plate 4, and a push rod assembly 5, wherein:

[0017] The base 1 is a rectangular block structure, with a rectangular groove 1-1 on the upper surface of the rectangular block, the center of the rectangular groove 1-1 coincides with the center of the upper surface outline rectangle, a circular through hole 1-2 is opened in the center of the rectangular groove 1-1, and threaded blind holes 1-3 are opened at the four corners of the upper surface, the distances between the four holes and the edge of the upper surface are greater than the diameter of the holes, and the positions of the four holes are symmetrical relative to the long side symmetry axis and the short side symmetry axis of the upper surface; a U-shaped blind hole 1-4 is opened on each short side vertical surface of the cube, and the center of the blind hole 1-4 coincides with the center of the outline rectangle of the surface where it is located;

[0018] The support plate 2 is a triangular plate structure with an axisymmetric outline. The bottom surface of the support plate 2 is at right angles to the facade. A square groove 2-1 is provided on the facade. The shape and position of the square groove are symmetrical relative to the axis of symmetry of the support plate. The four corners of the square groove 2-1 are rounded. A triangular groove 2-2 is provided in the middle of the facade. A limit plate 2-3 is installed at the bottom of the triangular groove on the outer side of the facade. The limit plate 2-3 is in the shape of a rectangular plate and is installed on the facade by screws. A through hole 2-4 is provided on the bottom surface of the support plate 2. The distance between the through hole and the edge of the bottom surface and the facade is greater than the diameter of the through hole.

[0019] The template 3 is a box-shaped structure with a triangular cross section, including an upper template 3-1 and a lower template 3-2; screw holes 3-3 and pin holes 3-4 are opened on the sides of the upper and lower templates; pins and screws are installed in the holes respectively, and the pins and screws are used to assemble the upper and lower templates to form a box-shaped structure; four screw holes 3-5 are opened on both sides of the template;

[0020] The positioning card plate 4 is a triangular block structure with a centrally symmetrical shape. A narrow groove 4-1 is opened at the bottom of the triangular apex, which matches the thickness of the extension plate of the nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component; and a rectangular through hole 4-2 is opened at the triangular apex, and the bottom surface of the rectangular through hole 4-2 is flush with the bottom of the narrow groove 4-1; a rectangular through hole 4-3 is opened at the side of the waist of the triangle; an inclined surface 4-4 is set on the short side of the upper end of the rectangular through hole 4-3, and the angle between the inclined surface and the short side plane is not greater than 30°; a rectangular through hole 4-5 is opened at the bottom of the triangle, and the sharp corners of the rectangular through hole 4-5 are rounded; a positioning plate 4-6 is set at the bottom of the triangle, and U-shaped grooves are opened at both ends and the center of the plate, and the length of the U-shaped grooves at both ends is greater than the U-shaped groove in the center;

[0021] The push rod assembly 5 includes a guide column 5-1, a spring 5-2, a sleeve 5-3 and a slide 5-4, wherein the guide column 5-1 is a columnar step structure, a cylindrical surface of which a larger diameter section is provided with a thread, and a straight groove is provided on the bottom surface; the cylinder with a smaller diameter is a cylindrical surface polished rod, a slope is provided on the top of the polished rod, and a spring 5-2 is sleeved on the outer side of the polished rod; the guide column 5-1 and the spring 5-2 are covered with a sleeve 5-3, the sleeve slides along the small diameter cylindrical section of the guide column and compresses the spring; the inner cavity of the slide 5-4 cooperates with the sleeve 5-3, and the guide column 5-1 is installed on the bottom of the slide 5-4 through the thread of its large diameter cylindrical section;

[0022] A support plate 2 is arranged on the base 1, and the support plate 2 is fixed on the support plate 1 by screws; the triangular groove 2-2 opened on the support plate 2 is used to place the template 3; the inner cavity of the template 3 is used to place the nearly triangular cross-section box-type component to be drilled; a push rod assembly 5 is installed on each of the two side surfaces of the template 3; the rectangular through hole 4-3 opened on the positioning card plate 4 matches the outer contour of the push rod assembly 5; the push rod assembly 5 positions the card plate 4 to lift it up; the positioning flat plate 4-6 on the bottom edge of the positioning plate 4 fits with the web of the nearly triangular cross-section box-type component.

[0023] Specifically, the base 1, the support plate 2, and the template 5 cooperate to ensure that the template 5 is at a height above the ground to facilitate drilling operations; the limit plates 2-3 installed on both sides of the support plate 2 limit the template 5 to prevent the template 5 from moving along the long side direction of the base 1.

[0024] Specifically, the rectangular groove 1-1 opened on the upper surface of the base 1 is used to place tools such as air drills, the cylindrical through hole opened in the center of the rectangular groove 1-1 is used to discharge aluminum chips formed by drilling, and the U-shaped blind holes 1-4 opened on both sides are used for device transportation.

[0025] Specifically, the inner cavity of the template 3 is manufactured according to the shape of the nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component with the largest cross-sectional size, ensuring that all the nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped components are placed in the inner cavity of the template 5.

[0026] Specifically, the length and width of the rectangular through hole 4 - 3 of the positioning card plate 4 are respectively greater than the length and width of the square boss of the slide tube 5 - 4 in the push rod assembly 5 , ensuring that the push rod assembly 5 passes through the rectangular through hole 4 - 3 opened on the positioning card plate 4 .

[0027] Specifically, an inclined surface is provided at the top of the sleeve 5-3, and the angle of the inclined surface is consistent with the inclined surface 4-4 of the short side at the upper end of the positioning card plate 4, and the two cooperate; the extension plate of the nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component is inserted into the narrow groove 4-1 opened at the bottom of the triangular vertex of the positioning card plate 4, and then the positioning card plate 4 is pushed along the length direction of the base 1. The inclined surface 4-4 of the short side at the upper end of the positioning card plate 4 cooperates with the inclined surface at the top end of the sleeve 5-3, and the horizontal thrust is converted into vertical pressure, thereby realizing the compression of the spring 5-2, and then realizing that the positioning card plate 4 is pushed to the Installation position, when the positioning card plate 4 passes over the top of the inclined surface of the sleeve 5-3, the spring 5-2 automatically rebounds to lift the positioning card plate 4, and the positioning card plate 5 moves upward. During the movement, the bottom surface of the rectangular through hole 4-2 opened on the positioning card plate 4 is in contact with the rear edge plane of the extension plate of the nearly triangular cross-section box-type component. At this time, the spring 5-2 stops rebounding and applies elastic force to the sleeve 5-3, and the sleeve 5-3 applies a lifting force to the positioning card plate 4 to ensure that during the working process, the lower end of the positioning card plate 4 is always in contact with the lower end of the extension plate of the nearly triangular cross-section box-type component, thereby ensuring the positioning size.

[0028] Specifically, the gap between the rectangular through hole 4-5 at the bottom of the triangle of the positioning card plate 4 and the upper and lower skins of the nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component is controlled to be less than 2 mm.

[0029] Specifically, by adjusting the rotation of the slot at the bottom of the guide column 5 - 1 , the installation height of the guide column 5 - 1 is adjusted, thereby adjusting the elastic force of the spring 5 - 2 .

[0030] In summary, the present application provides a universal riveting and drilling device for a nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component, which has the following advantages:

[0031] 1. This device can be used to replace the card plates of different lengths to correspond to the chord lengths of all main blades. Figure 2 The dimensions shown are for riveting holes of a nearly triangular-section box-shaped component, while controlling the dimensions of the web and the rear edge of the extension plate.

[0032] 2. The side of the cardboard can limit the gap between the upper and lower surfaces of the nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component, and control the verticality of the web plane and the chord line to not exceed 0.39° and the web flatness to not exceed 0.35mm;

[0033] 3. When installing the positioning card, push the positioning card in horizontally to quickly install it to the required position. The card automatically fits the rear edge of the nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component, which is easy to operate;

[0034] 4. The positioning clamp can prevent the web plane from warping and twisting during riveting and drilling, greatly improving the flatness of the web after riveting.

[0035] 5. One person can complete the drilling operation, which greatly improves the efficiency of riveting drilling work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the main blade of a helicopter rotor;

[0037] Figure 2 . is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the main blade of a helicopter rotor;

[0038] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the gluing of the nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component and the beam of the main blade of the helicopter rotor;

[0039] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of a nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component of a main blade of a helicopter rotor;

[0040] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a riveting and drilling method for a box-shaped assembly of a main blade with a near-triangular cross-section in the prior art;

[0041] Figure 6 A structural diagram of a universal riveting and drilling device for a nearly triangular-section box-shaped assembly provided in this application;

[0042] Figure 7 Base structure diagram provided for this application;

[0043] Figure 8 The structural diagram of the support plate provided for this application;

[0044] Fig. 9 The template structure diagram provided for this application;

[0045] Fig.10 The structural diagram of the positioning card provided for this application;

[0046] Fig.11 A structural diagram of the ejector assembly provided for this application;

[0047] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the installation of the positioning card provided for this application;

[0048] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of the use of a universal riveting and drilling device for a nearly triangular-section box-shaped component provided in the present application;

[0049] Among them: 1-base, 2-support plate, 3-type plate, 4-positioning clamping plate, 5-top rod assembly; 5-1-guide column, 5-2-spring, 5-3-sleeve, 5-4-slide. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the invention and are not used to limit the scope of the invention.

[0051] Embodiment 1

[0052] The present application provides a universal riveting and drilling device for a nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component, which is applied to helicopter rotor manufacturing and is used to solve the problem of web flatness and the verticality between the web plane and the center chord of the nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component being prone to deviation. At the same time, the web riveting and drilling production efficiency and operation convenience of the nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component are improved.

[0053] like Figure 6 As shown, the present application provides a universal riveting and drilling device for a nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component, which is applied to the manufacture of helicopter rotors. The riveting and drilling device comprises a base 1, a support plate 2, a template 3, a positioning card plate 4, and a push rod assembly 5, wherein:

[0054] like Figure 7 As shown, the base 1 is a rectangular block structure, a rectangular groove 1-1 is opened on the upper surface of the rectangular block, the center of the rectangular groove 1-1 coincides with the center of the upper surface outline rectangle, a circular through hole 1-2 is opened in the center of the rectangular groove 1-1, and threaded blind holes 1-3 are opened at the four corners of the upper surface, the distances between the four holes and the edge of the upper surface are greater than the diameter of the holes, and the positions of the four holes are symmetrical relative to the long side symmetry axis and the short side symmetry axis of the upper surface; a U-shaped blind hole 1-4 is opened on each short side vertical surface of the cube, the depth and width of the blind hole match the width of a human palm, suitable for carrying, and the center of the blind hole 1-4 coincides with the center of the outline rectangle of the surface where it is located;

[0055] like Figure 8As shown, the support plate 2 is a triangular plate structure with an axially symmetrical outline. The bottom surface of the support plate 2 is at right angles to the facade. A square groove 2-1 is provided on the facade. The shape and position of the square groove are symmetrical relative to the symmetry axis of the support plate, and the four corners of the square groove 2-1 have rounded corners; a triangular groove 2-2 is provided in the middle of the facade; a limit plate 2-3 is installed at the bottom of the triangular groove on the outer side of the facade. The limit plate 2-3 has a rectangular plate shape and is installed on the facade by screws; a through hole 2-4 is provided on the bottom surface of the support plate 2, and the distance between the through hole and the bottom edge and the facade is greater than the diameter of the through hole; the drilling device described in the present application has two support plates, and the two support plates are mirror-symmetrical relative to their facades.

[0056] like Fig. 9 As shown, the template 3 is a triangular cross-section box-type structure, which is composed of an upper template 3-1 and a lower template 3-2; screw holes 3-3 and pin holes 3-4 are opened on the sides of the upper and lower templates; pins and screws are installed in the holes respectively, and the pins and screws are used to assemble the upper and lower templates to form a box-type structure; in addition, four screw holes 3-5 are opened on both sides of the template.

[0057] like Fig.10 As shown, the positioning card plate 4 is a triangular block structure with a centrally symmetrical shape. A narrow groove 4-1 is opened at the bottom of the triangular apex, which matches the thickness of the extension plate of the nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component; and a rectangular through hole 4-2 is opened at the triangular apex, and the bottom surface of the rectangular through hole 4-2 is flush with the bottom of the narrow groove 4-1; a rectangular through hole 4-3 is opened on the side of the triangular waist; an inclined surface 4-4 is set on the short side of the upper end of the rectangular through hole 4-3, and the angle between the inclined surface and the short side plane is not greater than 30°; a rectangular through hole 4-5 is opened at the bottom of the triangle, and the sharp corners of the rectangular through hole 4-5 are rounded; a positioning plate 4-6 is set on the bottom of the triangle, and U-shaped grooves are opened at both ends and the center of the plate, and the length of the U-shaped grooves at both ends is greater than the U-shaped groove in the center.

[0058] like Fig.11 As shown, the push rod assembly 5 includes a guide column 5-1, a spring 5-2, a sleeve 5-3, and a slide 5-4. The guide column 5-1 is a columnar step structure, with a larger diameter cylindrical surface provided with threads and a flat groove on the bottom surface; the smaller diameter cylinder is a cylindrical surface polished rod, with an inclined surface provided at the top of the polished rod, and a spring 5-2 sleeved on the outer side of the polished rod; the guide column 5-1 and the spring 5-2 are covered with a sleeve 5-3, which can slide along the smaller diameter cylindrical section of the guide column and compress the spring; the inner cavity of the slide 5-4 cooperates with the sleeve 5-3, and the guide column 5-1 is installed on the bottom of the slide 5-4 through the threads of its larger diameter cylindrical section.

[0059] A support plate 2 is arranged on the base 1, and the support plate 2 is fixed on the support plate 1 by screws; the triangular groove 2-2 opened on the support plate 2 is used to place the template 3; the inner cavity of the template 3 can place the nearly triangular cross-section box-type component to be drilled; a push rod assembly 5 is installed on each of the two side surfaces of the template 3; the rectangular through hole 4-3 opened on the positioning card plate 4 matches the outer contour of the push rod assembly 5; the push rod assembly 5 positions the card plate 4 to lift it up; the positioning flat plate 4-6 on the bottom edge of the positioning plate 4 fits with the web of the nearly triangular cross-section box-type component.

[0060] Specifically, the base 1 is made of aluminum and has a certain weight, which ensures that the center of gravity of the entire device is low and prevents the drilling device from tipping over during drilling operation; the base 1, the support plate 2, and the template 5 cooperate to ultimately ensure the height of the template 5 from the ground to facilitate drilling operations; the limit plates 2-3 installed on both sides of the support plate 2 limit the template 5 to prevent the template 5 from moving along the long side direction of the base 1.

[0061] Specifically, the rectangular groove 1-1 opened on the upper surface of the base 1 can be used to place tools such as air drills, the cylindrical through hole opened in the center of the rectangular groove 1-1 is used to discharge aluminum chips formed by drilling, and the U-shaped blind holes 1-4 opened on both sides can be used for device transportation.

[0062] Specifically, the inner cavity of the template 3 is manufactured according to the shape of the nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component with the largest cross-sectional size, ensuring that all the nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped components are placed in the inner cavity of the template 5.

[0063] Specifically, the length and width of the rectangular through hole 4 - 3 of the positioning card plate 4 are respectively greater than the length and width of the square boss of the slide tube 5 - 4 in the push rod assembly 5 , ensuring that the push rod assembly 5 can pass through the rectangular through hole 4 - 3 opened on the positioning card plate 4 .

[0064] Specifically, Fig.12As shown, a slope is set at the top of the sleeve 5-3, and the angle of the slope is consistent with the short side slope 4-4 at the upper end of the positioning card plate 4, and the two cooperate; the extension plate of the nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component is inserted into the narrow groove 4-1 opened at the bottom of the triangular vertex of the positioning card plate 4, and then the positioning card plate 4 is pushed along the length direction of the base 1. The short side slope 4-4 at the upper end of the positioning card plate 4 cooperates with the top slope of the sleeve 5-3, and the horizontal thrust is converted into vertical pressure, thereby realizing the compression of the spring 5-2, and then the positioning card plate 4 can be pushed without automatically compressing the spring. When it reaches the installation position, when the positioning card plate 4 passes over the top of the inclined surface of the sleeve 5-3, the spring 5-2 automatically rebounds to lift the positioning card plate 4, and the positioning card plate 5 moves upward. During the movement, the bottom surface of the rectangular through hole 4-2 opened on the positioning card plate 4 is in contact with the rear edge plane of the extension plate of the nearly triangular cross-section box-type component. At this time, the spring 5-2 stops rebounding and applies elastic force to the sleeve 5-3, and the sleeve 5-3 applies a lifting force to the positioning card plate 4 to ensure that during the working process, the lower end of the positioning card plate 4 is always in contact with the lower end of the extension plate of the nearly triangular cross-section box-type component, thereby ensuring the positioning size.

[0065] Specifically, after the positioning card plate 4 is matched with the nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component, it can be visually observed whether the bottom of the rectangular through hole 4-2 opened on the positioning card plate 4 is in contact with the rear edge end face of the extension plate of the nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component, thereby ensuring that the positioning card plate 4 plays a positioning role.

[0066] Specifically, the gap between the rectangular through hole 4-5 at the bottom of the triangle of the positioning card plate 4 and the upper and lower skins of the near-triangular cross-section box-type component is controlled to be less than 2 mm. Since the chordal dimension of the positioning card plate 4 is larger than 300 mm, it can ensure that the positioning card plate 4 deviates from the center chord line of the near-triangular cross-section box-type component by no more than 0.39°, thereby greatly improving the verticality of the web plane and the center chord line of the near-triangular cross-section box-type component.

[0067] Specifically, the installation height of the guide column 5-1 can be adjusted by adjusting the rotation of the slot at the bottom of the guide column 5-1, and then the elastic force of the spring 5-2 can be adjusted, so that the push resistance of the card and the jacking force of the spring are both kept at appropriate sizes;

[0068] Specifically, since the top inclined surface of the positioning card plate 4 and the sleeve 4-3 is easily worn, the sleeve 4-3 and the positioning card plate 4 can be replaced as needed to ensure that the positioning card plate is pushed in smoothly and the spring force is appropriate;

[0069] Specifically, when the positioning card plate 4 passes over the top of the inclined surface of the sleeve 4-3, due to the presence of a step at the front end of the inclined surface, the top of the sleeve hits the card plate under the elastic force of the spring, making a sound, which makes it easy to judge whether the positioning card plate is installed in place.

[0070] Specifically, the positioning clamps 4 are divided into three groups according to the distance between the two ends thereof, so as to correspond to three nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped components with different chord lengths.

[0071] Embodiment 2

[0072] like Fig.13 As shown, the present application provides a method for using a universal riveting drilling device for a nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component, comprising:

[0073] Step 1: Place a nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component into the inner cavity of the device template 3;

[0074] Step 2: Push the positioning card plate 4 in the horizontal direction, so that the push rod assembly 5 passes through the square hole 4-3 opened on the positioning card plate 4, until the top end of the sleeve 5-3 hits the positioning card plate 4 and makes a sound;

[0075] Step 3: Check the square hole 4-2 opened at the lower end of the positioning card plate 4 to ensure that the lower end of the square hole is in contact with the plane of the rear edge of the extension plate of the nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component;

[0076] Step 4: Manually lift up the web of the nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component so that the web plane of the nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component fits with the upper end surface of the positioning clamp 4;

[0077] Step 5: Start the air drill and drill the rivet holes.

[0078] In summary, the present application provides a universal riveting and drilling device for a nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component, which has the following advantages:

[0079] 1. It can simultaneously ensure the chord length of the nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component, the flatness of the web, and the verticality between the web plane and the chord of the nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component; the verticality accuracy can be guaranteed to be no greater than ±0.39°;

[0080] 2. One set of equipment can meet the riveting and drilling requirements of 23 nearly triangular-section box-shaped components of different sizes, and is easy to operate;

[0081] 3. When installing the positioning card plate 4, there is no need to press down the spring, and the positioning card plate 4 can be quickly installed by pushing it in horizontally;

[0082] 4. The positioning clamp 4 can prevent the web plane from warping and twisting during riveting and drilling, greatly improving the flatness of the web after riveting;

[0083] 5. Wear components can be replaced as needed, easy to maintain;

[0084] 6. One person can complete the drilling operation, which greatly improves the efficiency of riveting drilling work.

Claims

1. A universal riveting and drilling device for nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped components, characterized in that: It comprises a base (1), a support plate (2), a mold plate (3), a positioning clamping plate (4), and a push rod assembly (5), wherein: The base (1) is a rectangular block structure, a rectangular groove (1-1) is opened on the upper surface of the rectangular block, the center of the rectangular groove (1-1) coincides with the center of the upper surface outline rectangle, a circular through hole (1-2) is opened in the center of the rectangular groove (1-1), threaded blind holes (1-3) are opened at four corners of the upper surface, the distances between the four holes and the edge of the upper surface are greater than the diameter of the holes, and the positions of the four holes are symmetrical relative to the long side symmetry axis and the short side symmetry axis of the upper surface; a U-shaped blind hole (1-4) is opened on each short side vertical surface of the cube, and the center of the blind hole (1-4) coincides with the center of the outline rectangle of the surface where it is located; The support plate (2) is a triangular plate-shaped structure, the outline shape is axially symmetrical, the bottom surface of the support plate (2) is at right angles to the facade, a square groove (2-1) is provided on the facade, the shape and position of the square groove are symmetrical relative to the symmetry axis of the support plate, and the four corners of the square groove (2-1) are rounded; a triangular groove (2-2) is provided in the middle of the facade; a limiting plate (2-3) is installed at the bottom of the triangular groove on the outer side of the facade, the limiting plate (2-3) is in the shape of a rectangular plate, and is installed on the facade by screws; a through hole (2-4) is provided on the bottom surface of the support plate (2), and the distance between the through hole and the edge of the bottom surface and the facade is greater than the diameter of the through hole; The mold plate (3) is a box-shaped structure with a triangular cross section, comprising an upper mold plate (3-1) and a lower mold plate (3-2); screw holes (3-3) and pin holes (3-4) are opened on the sides of the upper and lower mold plates; pins and screws are respectively installed in the holes, and the pins and screws are used to assemble the upper and lower mold plates to form a box-shaped structure; four screw holes (3-5) are respectively opened on both sides of the mold plate; The positioning card plate (4) is a triangular block structure with a centrally symmetrical shape. A narrow groove (4-1) is provided at the bottom of the triangular apex, which matches the thickness of the extension plate of the nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component; a rectangular through hole (4-2) is provided at the triangular apex, and the bottom surface of the rectangular through hole (4-2) is flush with the bottom of the narrow groove (4-1); a rectangular through hole (4-3) is provided at the side of the waist of the triangle; an inclined surface (4-4) is provided at the short side of the upper end of the rectangular through hole (4-3), and the angle between the inclined surface and the short side plane is not greater than 30°; a rectangular through hole (4-5) is provided at the bottom of the triangle, and the sharp corners of the rectangular through hole (4-5) are rounded; a positioning plate (4-6) is provided at the bottom of the triangle, and U-shaped grooves are provided at both ends and the center of the plate, wherein the length of the U-shaped grooves at both ends is greater than that of the center U-shaped groove; The push rod assembly (5) comprises a guide column (5-1), a spring (5-2), a sleeve (5-3) and a slide cylinder (5-4), wherein the guide column (5-1) is a columnar step structure, a cylindrical surface of a larger diameter section thereof is provided with a thread, and a straight groove is opened on the bottom surface; the cylinder with a smaller diameter is a cylindrical surface polished rod, a slope is provided on the top end of the polished rod, and a spring (5-2) is sleeved on the outer side of the polished rod; the guide column (5-1) and the spring (5-2) are covered with a sleeve (5-3), the sleeve slides along the smaller diameter cylindrical section of the guide column and compresses the spring; the inner cavity of the slide cylinder (5-4) cooperates with the sleeve (5-3), and the guide column (5-1) is installed on the bottom of the slide cylinder (5-4) through the thread of the larger diameter cylindrical section thereof; A support plate (2) is arranged on the base (1), and the support plate (2) is fixed on the support plate (1) by screws; a template (3) is placed in a triangular groove (2-2) opened on the support plate (2); a nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component to be drilled is placed in the inner cavity of the template (3); a push rod assembly (5) is installed at each of the two side surfaces of the template (3); a rectangular through hole (4-3) opened on the positioning card plate (4) matches the outer contour of the push rod assembly (5); the push rod assembly (5) is positioned to lift up the positioning card plate (4); and a positioning flat plate (4-6) at the bottom edge of the positioning plate (4) is fitted with the web of the nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The base (1), the support plate (2) and the mold plate (5) cooperate to ensure that the mold plate (5) is at a height above the ground to facilitate drilling operations; the limit plates (2-3) installed on both sides of the support plate (2) limit the mold plate (5) to prevent the mold plate (5) from moving along the long side direction of the base (1).

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The rectangular groove (1-1) opened on the upper surface of the base (1) is used to place tools such as a pneumatic drill, the cylindrical through hole opened in the center of the rectangular groove (1-1) is used to discharge aluminum chips generated by drilling, and the U-shaped blind holes (1-4) opened on both sides are used for device transportation.

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The inner cavity of the mold plate (3) is manufactured according to the shape of the nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component with the largest cross-sectional size, ensuring that all the nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped components are placed in the inner cavity of the mold plate (5).

5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The length and width of the rectangular through hole (4-3) of the positioning card plate (4) are respectively greater than the length and width of the square boss of the slide cylinder (5-4) in the push rod assembly (5), thereby ensuring that the push rod assembly (5) passes through the rectangular through hole (4-3) opened on the positioning card plate (4).

6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that An inclined surface is arranged at the top end of the sleeve (5-3), and the angle of the inclined surface is consistent with the inclined surface (4-4) of the short side of the upper end of the positioning card plate (4), and the two cooperate with each other; the extension plate of the nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component is inserted into the narrow groove (4-1) opened at the bottom of the triangular top corner of the positioning card plate (4), and then the positioning card plate (4) is pushed along the length direction of the base (1), and the inclined surface (4-4) of the short side of the upper end of the positioning card plate (4) cooperates with the inclined surface of the top end of the sleeve (5-3), so that the thrust in the horizontal direction is converted into pressure in the vertical direction, thereby achieving compression of the spring (5-2), and then achieving that the positioning card plate (4) is pushed to the installation position without automatically compressing the spring. When the positioning card plate (4) passes over the top of the inclined surface of the sleeve (5-3), the spring (5-2) automatically rebounds to lift the positioning card plate (4), and the positioning card plate (5) moves upward. During the movement, the bottom surface of the rectangular through hole (4-2) opened on the positioning card plate (4) is in contact with the rear edge plane of the nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component extension plate. At this time, the spring (5-2) stops rebounding and applies elastic force to the sleeve (5-3), and the sleeve (5-3) applies a lifting force to the positioning card plate (4), so as to ensure that during the working process, the lower end of the positioning card plate (4) is always in contact with the lower end of the nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component extension plate, thereby ensuring the positioning size.

7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The gap between the rectangular through hole (4-5) at the triangular bottom of the positioning card plate (4) and the upper and lower skins of the nearly triangular cross-section box-shaped component is controlled to be less than 2 mm.

8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that By adjusting the rotation of the slot at the bottom of the guide column (5-1), the installation height of the guide column (5-1) is adjusted, thereby adjusting the elastic force of the spring (5-2).

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