Clamp applied to additive and subtractive manufacturing machine tool

Abstract

The invention discloses a clamp applied to an additive and subtractive manufacturing machine tool, and relates to the technical field of clamps, the clamp comprises a cam synchronous supporting mechanism, a centering clamping mechanism and a machining base platform, and the horizontal plane positioning of a machining face in the machining process of a machined part and the supporting problem in the subtractive machining process are optimized through the cam synchronous supporting mechanism; meanwhile, the positioning principle of the cam mechanism is simple and reliable, and rapid repositioning after resetting under the conditions of extra workpiece detection and the like can be supported; the positioning principle of the centering clamping mechanism refers to a three-jaw chuck, through synchronous movement of three clamping blocks, rapid and accurate positioning of a machining machine table is achieved, the positioning principle is simple and reliable, and rapid clamping and taking down of a machined workpiece can also be achieved. According to the clamp applied to the additive and subtractive manufacturing machine tool, rapid and accurate positioning of the machining base table is achieved through a simple mechanical structure, machining positioning of the base table is simplified, meanwhile, the machining base table is simple in structure, large in machining area and easy to position, and after being matched with the clamp, supporting is stable, and machining precision is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fixtures, and in particular to a fixture used in additive and subtractive material manufacturing machine tools. Background Art

[0002] At present, the positioning and clamping of the workpiece processed by additive and subtractive processing equipment are based on the adhesion between the additive material forming and the processing table during the additive process. This method has an adverse effect on the fixation of the workpiece and the positioning of the subsequent subtractive processing. In addition, the fixation based on the forming adhesion cannot be removed during the processing, which is not conducive to the monitoring of the processing status of the workpiece during the processing. At the same time, due to differences in additive principles and other aspects, some additive and subtractive equipment also requires additional wire cutting to finally remove the processed workpiece. Therefore, it is necessary to design a new additive and subtractive manufacturing machine tool fixture. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fixture for use in additive and subtractive manufacturing machine tools, which optimizes or even solves the adverse effects of the adhesive fixation method on the processing during the above-mentioned additive and subtractive processing, and completes the fixation and positioning of the processed workpiece through a purely mechanical structure.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a fixture for additive and subtractive material manufacturing machine tools, comprising a cam synchronous support mechanism, a centering clamping mechanism and a processing base,

[0005] The cam synchronous support mechanism comprises a cylindrical cam, a support block positioning sleeve and a synchronous positioning support block, wherein the support block positioning sleeve is fixed on the machine tool operating surface, a plurality of guide grooves are evenly opened in the circumference of the support block positioning sleeve, and the synchronous positioning support block is slidably assembled in the guide grooves; the inner cavity of the support block positioning sleeve is rotatably mounted with the cylindrical cam, and the cylindrical cam is used to drive the synchronous positioning support block to move up and down;

[0006] The centering clamping mechanism includes a plurality of clamping blocks uniformly distributed circumferentially, wherein the clamping blocks are slidably arranged on the top surface of the cylindrical cam, and the plurality of clamping blocks are used to clamp or release the processing base, and the synchronous positioning support block is used to provide support for the bottom of the processing base.

[0007] Preferably, the number of the synchronous positioning support blocks is three, and three vertical guide grooves are provided in the circumference of the support block positioning sleeve, and two sides of the synchronous positioning support block are slidably assembled in the guide grooves through sliders.

[0008] Preferably, three spiral guide grooves are provided on the cylindrical surface of the cylindrical cam, and a connecting cylinder is provided on the side of the synchronous positioning support block, and the ends of the connecting cylinders of the three synchronous positioning support blocks are respectively assembled in the spiral guide grooves; the up and down movements of the three synchronous positioning support blocks are synchronized.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of sliding grooves are arranged at equal intervals on the top of the support block positioning sleeve, and two sides of each clamping block are slidably assembled in each sliding groove through a sliding block.

[0010] Preferably, the number of the clamping blocks is three, three spiral guide grooves are evenly distributed on the top surface of the cylindrical cam, a connecting cylinder is provided at the bottom of the clamping block, and the ends of the connecting cylinders of the three clamping blocks are respectively assembled in the spiral guide grooves; the three clamping blocks move inward or outward synchronously.

[0011] Preferably, the processing base is a circular processing base, and the processing base is used to provide a workpiece processing and positioning plane during additive and subtractive processing.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes a ratchet one-way motion limiting mechanism, which includes a ratchet base shaft, a camshaft and a one-way locking pin. The ratchet base shaft is coaxially mounted on the power input end of the cylindrical cam, and a ratchet is mounted on the ratchet base shaft. The one-way locking pin is mounted on the camshaft. When the mechanism is clamped, the movement of the cylindrical cam is not hindered by the ratchet. After the mechanism is clamped, the mechanism remains in a clamped state due to the one-way motion characteristics of the ratchet. When the mechanism needs to be loosened, the one-way locking pin can be pulled outward, and the cylindrical cam can rotate in the opposite direction. In the ratchet one-way motion limiting mechanism, the one-way locking pin is not pulled outward and can be regarded as a pawl of a general ratchet mechanism. After being pulled out, the pawl is separated from the ratchet.

[0013] Preferably, the one-way locking pin is a spring pin.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following beneficial technical effects:

[0015] The fixture used in the additive and subtractive manufacturing machine tool of the present invention includes a cam synchronous support mechanism, a centering clamping mechanism and a processing base. The cam synchronous support mechanism optimizes the horizontal plane positioning of the processing surface during the processing of the workpiece and the support problem during the subtractive processing. At the same time, the positioning principle of the cam mechanism is simple and reliable, and can support rapid repositioning after resetting in cases such as additional workpiece detection; the positioning principle of the centering clamping mechanism refers to the three-jaw chuck, and the rapid and accurate positioning of the processing machine is achieved through the synchronous movement of three clamping blocks. The positioning principle is simple and reliable, and the rapid clamping and removal of the processed workpiece can also be achieved. The fixture used in the additive and subtractive manufacturing machine tool realizes rapid and accurate positioning of the processing base through a simple mechanical structure, which simplifies the processing positioning of the base. At the same time, the processing base has a simple structure, a large processing area, and simple positioning. After cooperating with the fixture, the support is stable and the processing accuracy is high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the fixture used in the additive and subtractive manufacturing machine tool;

[0018] Figure 2 This is the appearance diagram of the cam synchronous support mechanism;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a connection cross-sectional view of the cam synchronous support mechanism;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a top view of the centering clamping mechanism;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the centering clamping mechanism;

[0022] Figure 6 It is the structural diagram of the circular processing base;

[0023] Figure 7 It is a bottom view of the ratchet base shaft side;

[0024] Figure 8 It is the assembly position diagram of the ratchet one-way motion limiting mechanism;

[0025] Among them, 1. ratchet base shaft; 2. cylindrical cam; 3. clamping block; 4. support block positioning sleeve; 5. synchronous positioning support block; 6. processing base; 7. one-way locking pin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fixture for use in additive and subtractive manufacturing machine tools, which optimizes or even solves the adverse effects of the adhesive fixation method on the processing during the above-mentioned additive and subtractive processing, and completes the fixation and positioning of the processed workpiece through a purely mechanical structure.

[0028] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] like Figure 1-Figure 8 As shown, the present invention provides a fixture for additive and subtractive material manufacturing machine tools, which is mainly divided into four parts: a cam synchronous support mechanism, a centering clamping mechanism, a ratchet one-way limiting mechanism and a processing base 6.

[0030] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the cam synchronous support mechanism consists of three parts: a cylindrical cam 2, a support block positioning sleeve 4, and a synchronous positioning support block 5. During the working process of the fixture, the support block positioning sleeve 4 remains fixed. There are three guide grooves around the support block positioning sleeve 4. The synchronous positioning support block 5 cooperates with the guide grooves, and the guide grooves play a role in fixing and guiding the synchronous positioning support block 5.

[0031] There are three spiral guide grooves on the cylindrical surface of the cylindrical cam 2, and there is a connecting cylinder perpendicular to the direction of movement on the synchronous positioning support block 5, which cooperates with the spiral guide groove on the cylindrical cam 2. When the cylindrical cam 2 rotates, the synchronous positioning support block 5 moves upward or downward driven by the cylindrical cam 2 (the spiral guide groove of the cylindrical cam 2 drives the three synchronous positioning support blocks 5 to achieve synchronous movement and equal height support in the horizontal direction), and quickly positions the processing base 6 in the vertical direction, while ensuring that the processing base 6 remains level during the processing process.

[0032] The cam synchronous support mechanism is used to optimize the horizontal plane positioning of the machining surface during workpiece machining and the support problem during subtractive machining. At the same time, the positioning principle of the cam mechanism is simple and reliable, and can support rapid repositioning after reset in situations such as additional workpiece detection.

[0033] like Figure 4-Figure 5As shown, the centering clamping mechanism includes a clamping block 3, and there are also three spiral guide grooves on the top surface of the cylindrical cam 2. The clamping block 3 is matched with a support block positioning sleeve 4. In addition to the sliding grooves on the side of the support block positioning sleeve 4 that cooperate with the synchronous positioning support block 5, three equally spaced sliding grooves are arranged on the top surface of the support block positioning sleeve 4. The left and right sides of the clamping block 3 are slidably assembled in the sliding grooves, and the sliding grooves provide support for the clamping block 3. Then the three spiral guide grooves on the top surface of the cylindrical cam 2 provide driving force for the clamping block 3 to move inward and outward. The clamping block 3 has a connecting cylinder perpendicular to the direction of movement on the lower end surface that cooperates with the spiral guide groove on the end surface. When the cylindrical cam 2 rotates, the spiral guide groove on the cylindrical cam 2 drives the three clamping blocks 3 to be synchronously centered and clamped, so as to realize the rapid positioning of the horizontal position of the processing base 6. Through the synchronous movement of the three clamping blocks 3, it is ensured that the processing base 6 is always fixed at the center position.

[0034] The positioning principle of the centering clamping mechanism refers to the three-jaw chuck. Through the synchronous movement of the three clamping blocks 3, the processing base 6 is quickly and accurately positioned. The positioning principle is simple and reliable, and the workpiece can also be quickly clamped and removed.

[0035] like Figure 6 As shown, the processing base 6 adopts a circular processing base. The processing base 6 is mainly used to provide the main workpiece processing and positioning plane during the additive and subtractive processing, to achieve horizontal fixation of the processing surface and horizontal position positioning of the processed workpiece, and the additive and subtractive processing is directly performed on the processing base 6. Finally, the processing base 6 is removed together with the workpiece. The processed workpiece can be quickly assembled and disassembled and easily and accurately positioned through the processing base 6 during and after the processing is completed.

[0036] like Figure 7-Figure 8 As shown, the ratchet one-way motion limiting mechanism is composed of a ratchet base shaft 1 and a one-way locking pin 7. During the positioning and clamping process of the fixture, the cylindrical cam 2 simultaneously drives the centering clamping mechanism and the cam synchronous support mechanism to coordinate movement positioning and clamping. The rotation of the cylindrical cam 2 synchronously drives the two mechanisms to ensure the coordination accuracy of motion positioning. The ratchet one-way motion limiting mechanism is used to limit the rotation direction of the cylindrical cam 2. The one-way locking pin 7 is installed on the camshaft. When the mechanism is clamped, the movement of the cylindrical cam 2 is not hindered by the ratchet. After the mechanism is clamped, the mechanism remains in a clamped state due to the one-way motion characteristics of the ratchet. When the mechanism needs to be loosened, the one-way locking pin 7 can be pulled outward, and the cylindrical cam 2 can rotate in the opposite direction. In the ratchet one-way motion limiting mechanism, the one-way locking pin 7 is not pulled outward and can be regarded as a ratchet pawl of a general ratchet mechanism. After being pulled out, the ratchet pawl is separated from the ratchet.

[0037] During the clamping process, the ratchet unidirectional motion limit mechanism rotates unidirectionally until it is fully clamped. When the workpiece needs to be removed, the spring pin is pulled outward, the unidirectional locking pin 7 is disengaged from the ratchet, and the cylindrical cam 2 rotates in the opposite direction, driving the clamping block 3 to loosen. The unidirectional rotation can achieve automatic locking of the workpiece base after clamping, eliminating the need for additional locking steps.

[0038] After the processing is completed, the workpiece can be quickly removed by turning the one-way locking pin 7.

[0039] The fixture used in the additive and subtractive manufacturing machine tool of the present invention realizes the rapid assembly, disassembly and positioning of the workpiece during the additive and subtractive processing through the mutual cooperation between the cam synchronous support mechanism, the centering clamping mechanism, the ratchet one-way limit mechanism and the processing base 6, optimizes the positioning and fixation of the workpiece during the additive and subtractive processing, and at the same time, thanks to the rapid clamping and disassembly of the centering clamping mechanism, solves the problem of inconvenient assembly and disassembly of the additive and subtractive workpiece; the cam synchronous support mechanism can provide additional support in subtractive processing while realizing the horizontality of the processing surface, thereby ensuring the rigidity and stability of the overall clamping structure.

[0040] The advantages of the fixture used in the additive and subtractive manufacturing machine tool of the present invention are as follows:

[0041] 1. Currently, additive and subtractive processing based on some processing bases 6 requires relatively complex positioning of the processing base 6 before additive and subtractive processing. At the same time, different processing bases 6 also require different positioning processes. The present invention realizes rapid and accurate positioning of the processing base 6 through a simple mechanical structure, simplifies the processing and positioning of the base. At the same time, the processing base 6 has a simple structure, a large processing area, and simple positioning. It can be supported stably and has high processing accuracy by cooperating with the fixture.

[0042] 2. Compared with the solution of performing additive and subtractive processing directly on the processing table, the present invention realizes the rapid removal of the processed workpiece for further processing, and omits the processing of removing the workpiece required when processing directly on the processing table such as wire cutting.

[0043] 3. Whether the workpiece is directly removed and reset on the processing table or based on the processing base 6, it is impossible to quickly and easily remove the workpiece and reset it during the processing, or it is not convenient to reset it after removal. The present invention uses a simple and fast mechanical positioning structure to quickly remove and reset the workpiece, which is convenient for removing the workpiece for observation during the processing.

[0044] It should be noted that it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention, and any figure mark in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0045] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A fixture for use in additive and subtractive manufacturing machine tools, characterized in that: It includes cam synchronous support mechanism, centering clamping mechanism and processing base. The cam synchronous support mechanism comprises a cylindrical cam, a support block positioning sleeve and a synchronous positioning support block, wherein the support block positioning sleeve is fixed on the machine tool operating surface, a plurality of guide grooves are evenly opened in the circumference of the support block positioning sleeve, and the synchronous positioning support block is slidably assembled in the guide grooves; the inner cavity of the support block positioning sleeve is rotatably mounted with the cylindrical cam, and the cylindrical cam is used to drive the synchronous positioning support block to move up and down; The centering clamping mechanism includes a plurality of clamping blocks uniformly distributed circumferentially, wherein the clamping blocks are slidably arranged on the top surface of the cylindrical cam, and the plurality of clamping blocks are used to clamp or release the processing base, and the synchronous positioning support block is used to provide support for the bottom of the processing base.

2. The fixture for additive and subtractive manufacturing machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the synchronous positioning support blocks is three, and three vertical guide grooves are provided in the circumference of the support block positioning sleeve. Both sides of the synchronous positioning support block are slidably assembled in the guide grooves through sliders.

3. The fixture for additive and subtractive manufacturing machine tools according to claim 2, characterized in that: Three spiral guide grooves are provided on the cylindrical surface of the cylindrical cam, and a connecting cylinder is provided on the side of the synchronous positioning support block. The ends of the connecting cylinders of the three synchronous positioning support blocks are respectively assembled in the spiral guide grooves; the up and down movements of the three synchronous positioning support blocks are synchronized.

4. The fixture for additive and subtractive manufacturing machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the support block positioning sleeve is provided with a plurality of sliding grooves at equal intervals, and the two sides of each clamping block are slidably assembled in each sliding groove through a sliding block.

5. The fixture for additive and subtractive manufacturing machine tools according to claim 4, characterized in that: There are three clamping blocks, and three spiral guide grooves are evenly distributed on the top surface of the cylindrical cam. A connecting cylinder is provided at the bottom of the clamping block, and the ends of the connecting cylinders of the three clamping blocks are respectively assembled in the spiral guide grooves; the three clamping blocks move inward or outward synchronously.

6. The fixture for additive and subtractive manufacturing machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing base adopts a circular processing base, and the processing base is used to provide a workpiece processing and positioning plane during the additive and subtractive processing.

7. The fixture for additive and subtractive manufacturing machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a ratchet one-way motion limiting mechanism, which includes a ratchet base shaft and a one-way locking pin. The ratchet base shaft is coaxially mounted on the power input end of the cylindrical cam, and a ratchet is mounted on the ratchet base shaft. The one-way locking pin is mounted on the camshaft of the cylindrical cam, and the one-way locking pin is used to limit the rotation of the ratchet base shaft.

8. The fixture for additive and subtractive manufacturing machine tools according to claim 7, characterized in that: The one-way locking pin is a spring pin.

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