Carbonization system integrating carbonization and process gas recovery

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of biomass carbonization, and provides a carbonization system integrating carbonization and process gas recovery, which comprises a vertical carbonization furnace, the gas liquefaction assembly comprises a surface condenser and a liquid circulation part, the surface condenser is used for condensing process gas in the vertical carbonization furnace, and the liquid circulation part corresponds to the surface condenser and is used for exchanging heat with gas in the surface condenser; the non-condensable gas recovery assembly comprises a first coil pipe condenser, a gas-liquid separation part and a buffer tank which are communicated in sequence, and the first coil pipe condenser is used for condensing gas in the surface condenser; the flue gas waste heat utilization assembly comprises a waste heat recoverer, a flue gas pipeline in the vertical carbonization furnace is communicated with a hot end inlet of the waste heat recoverer, and a hot end outlet of the waste heat recoverer is communicated with a flue gas treatment part. According to the present invention, the flue gas and the process gas discharged during the carbonization process can be subjected to the innocent treatment, and the by-product in the process gas can be recovered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of biomass carbonization, and in particular relates to a carbonization system integrating carbonization and process gas recovery. Background Art

[0002] Carbonization furnace is a major equipment involved in the carbon material processing process. In industry, the so-called carbonization process refers to a process of heating or baking some specific carbon materials in a closed state isolated from air.

[0003] During the carbonization process, not only a large amount of flue gas is generated, but also a large amount of process gas, such as wood vinegar, wood tar vapor, etc. If a large amount of flue gas and the above process gas are directly discharged into the atmosphere without treatment, it will seriously pollute the environment and endanger people's health. The wood vinegar and wood tar in the process gas are also valuable as by-products, and direct discharge will cause a waste of resources. At the same time, the discharged flue gas also contains a large amount of heat energy, and direct discharge will cause a waste of energy. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a carbonization system integrating carbonization and process gas recovery to solve the above problems and achieve the purpose of harmlessly treating the flue gas and process gas discharged during the carbonization process and recovering the by-products in the process gas.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solution: a carbonization system integrating carbonization and process gas recovery, comprising:

[0006] Vertical carbonization furnace;

[0007] The waste gas liquefaction component comprises a surface condenser and a liquid circulation part, wherein the surface condenser is used to condense the process gas in the vertical carbonization furnace, and the liquid circulation part is arranged corresponding to the surface condenser and is used to exchange heat with the gas in the surface condenser;

[0008] A non-condensable gas recovery component, comprising a first coil condenser, a gas-liquid separation part and a buffer tank connected in sequence, wherein the first coil condenser is used to condense the gas in the surface condenser;

[0009] The flue gas waste heat utilization component comprises a waste heat recovery device. The flue gas pipeline in the vertical carbonization furnace is connected to the hot end inlet of the waste heat recovery device, and the hot end outlet of the waste heat recovery device is connected to a flue gas treatment part.

[0010] Preferably, it further comprises a hot blast furnace, wherein the hot blast furnace is used to introduce high temperature gas into the vertical carbonization furnace.

[0011] Preferably, the liquid circulation part comprises a first circulation pump, a liquid inlet of the first circulation pump is connected to a bottom liquid outlet of the surface condenser, and a liquid outlet of the first circulation pump is connected to a top of the surface condenser through a first valve.

[0012] Preferably, the liquid outlet of the first circulation pump is also connected to a second valve, and the liquid outlet end of the second valve is connected to a wood vinegar storage tank.

[0013] Preferably, the gas-liquid separation part includes a first gas-liquid separator, the feed end of the first gas-liquid separator is connected to the outlet of the first coil condenser, the liquid outlet end of the first gas-liquid separator is connected to a buffer tank, and the gas outlet end of the first gas-liquid separator is connected to the burner of the hot blast furnace.

[0014] Preferably, the gas outlet end of the first gas-liquid separator is also connected to the feed end of the second coil condenser, the outlet of the second coil condenser is connected to the second gas-liquid separator, the liquid outlet end of the second gas-liquid separator is connected to the buffer tank, and the gas outlet end of the second gas-liquid separator is connected to the burner of the hot blast furnace.

[0015] Preferably, the gas outlet end of the second gas-liquid separator is connected to a first induced draft fan, and the gas outlet end of the first induced draft fan is connected to the burner of the hot blast furnace through a liquid-sealed fire-blocking groove.

[0016] Preferably, the flue gas duct in the vertical carbonization furnace is connected to a waste gas secondary combustion chamber through a second induced draft fan, and the gas outlet end of the waste gas secondary combustion chamber is connected to the hot end inlet of the waste heat recovery device.

[0017] Preferably, the flue gas treatment part includes a flue gas absorption tower, the hot end outlet of the waste heat recovery device is connected to the bottom air inlet of the flue gas absorption tower through a third induced draft fan, and also includes an alkali liquid circulation tank, the liquid outlet end of the alkali liquid circulation tank is connected to the interior of the flue gas absorption tower through the top of the flue gas absorption tower, and the bottom liquid outlet of the flue gas absorption tower is connected to the liquid inlet end of the alkali liquid circulation tank.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects: the main function of the surface condenser is to liquefy the process gas in the vertical carbonization furnace to form a process liquid; the main function of the liquid circulation part is to recirculate the formed process liquid to the surface condenser to exchange heat with the newly entered process gas to accelerate the liquefaction process; the main function of the first coil condenser is to condense the non-condensable gas discharged from the surface condenser, further liquefy the gas, and form an industrial liquid; the main function of the waste heat recovery device is to use the waste heat in the flue gas to heat the water vapor in the waste heat recovery device to achieve the recovery and utilization of the waste heat of the flue gas; the main function of the flue gas treatment part is to remove harmful substances in the flue gas. On the whole, the present invention can convert the process gas generated in the carbonization process into a process liquid and recycle it, while harmlessly treating the flue gas generated in the carbonization process and utilizing the waste heat in the flue gas, so as to significantly reduce the harmful gases discharged into the atmosphere during the carbonization process and avoid the waste of resources and energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the carbonization system of the present invention;

[0021] Among them, 1. vertical carbonization furnace; 2. hot air furnace; 3. surface condenser; 4. first circulation pump; 5. second circulation pump; 6. first valve; 7. second valve; 10. wood vinegar storage tank; 11. first coil condenser; 12. first gas-liquid separator; 13. buffer tank; 14. second coil condenser; 15. second gas-liquid separator; 16. first induced draft fan; 17. liquid-sealed fire-retardant tank; 18. second induced draft fan; 19. waste gas secondary combustion chamber; 20. waste heat recovery device; 21. third induced draft fan; 22. flue gas absorption tower; 23. alkali solution circulation tank; 24. third circulation pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] Reference Figure 1 The present invention provides a carbonization system integrating carbonization and process gas recovery, comprising:

[0025] Vertical carbonization furnace 1;

[0026] The waste gas liquefaction component includes a surface condenser 3 and a liquid circulation part. The surface condenser 3 is used to condense the process gas in the vertical carbonization furnace 1. The liquid circulation part is arranged corresponding to the surface condenser 3 and is used to exchange heat with the gas in the surface condenser 3.

[0027] The non-condensable gas recovery component includes a first coil condenser 11, a gas-liquid separation part and a buffer tank 13 which are connected in sequence, wherein the first coil condenser 11 is used to condense the gas in the surface condenser 3;

[0028] The flue gas waste heat utilization component includes a waste heat recovery device 20. The flue gas pipeline in the vertical carbonization furnace 1 is connected to the hot end inlet of the waste heat recovery device 20, and the hot end outlet of the waste heat recovery device 20 is connected to the flue gas treatment part.

[0029] The main function of the surface condenser 3 is to liquefy the process gas in the vertical carbonization furnace 1 to form a process liquid; the main function of the liquid circulation part is to recirculate the formed process liquid to the surface condenser 3 to exchange heat with the newly entered process gas to accelerate the liquefaction process; the main function of the first coil condenser 11 is to condense the non-condensable gas discharged from the surface condenser 3, further liquefy the gas, and form an industrial liquid; the main function of the waste heat recovery device 20 is to use the waste heat in the flue gas to heat the water vapor in the waste heat recovery device 20, so as to realize the recovery and utilization of the waste heat of the flue gas; the main function of the flue gas treatment part is to remove harmful substances in the flue gas. On the whole, the present invention can convert the process gas generated in the carbonization process into a process liquid and recycle it, while harmlessly treating the flue gas generated in the carbonization process and utilizing the waste heat in the flue gas, so as to significantly reduce the harmful gases discharged into the atmosphere during the carbonization process and avoid the waste of resources and energy.

[0030] A further optimized solution further includes a hot blast furnace 2 , which is used to introduce high-temperature gas into the vertical carbonization furnace 1 .

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the hot blast furnace 2 is started, and the temperature in the hot blast furnace 2 is raised to 500° C. to 550° C. by adjusting the natural gas flow rate. After that, the hot blast is introduced into the vertical carbonization furnace 1 to heat and carbonize the wood sticks in the vertical carbonization furnace 1.

[0032] According to a further optimized solution, the pressure in the vertical carbonization furnace 1 is maintained at -0.5 KPa, and the carbonization reaction time is 3 to 4 hours.

[0033] According to a further optimization scheme, the liquid circulation part includes a first circulation pump 4 , the liquid inlet of the first circulation pump 4 is connected to the bottom liquid outlet of the surface condenser 3 , and the liquid outlet of the first circulation pump 4 is connected to the top of the surface condenser 3 through the first valve 6 .

[0034] To further optimize the solution, the liquid outlet of the first circulation pump 4 is also connected to a second valve 7 , and the liquid outlet end of the second valve 7 is connected to a wood vinegar storage tank 10 .

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the process gas (wood vinegar / wood tar steam) generated after the carbonization reaction of the wood stick and a small amount of high-temperature combustion gas coming in from the atrium of the vertical carbonization furnace 1 for heat exchange go out from the material steam outlet of the vertical carbonization furnace 1, enter the surface condenser 3 through the connecting pipe for condensation, and a part of the process gas entering the surface condenser 3 passes through the heat exchange coil at the bottom of the surface condenser 3 to become process liquid, and the process liquid flows to the first circulation pump 4, and then, the first valve 6 is opened, and the process liquid is pumped into the surface condenser 3 again under the action of the first circulation pump 4, and sprayed out from the injection pipe at the top of the surface condenser 3. The sprayed liquid passes through the reflective baffle cap at the top of the inner side of the surface condenser 3 and sprays downward and passes through the sieve plate to fully contact with the newly entered process gas below and then exchange heat. After heat exchange, the gas becomes liquid and circulates the above steps to the surface condenser 3 for heat exchange. When the condensed process liquid is enough for the surface condenser 3 to circulate, the second valve 7 is opened, and the excess process liquid is pumped into the wood vinegar storage tank 10 under the action of the first circulation pump 4. After the process gas is completely condensed, the first valve 6 is closed to stop the circulation, and the process liquid is completely pumped into the wood vinegar storage tank 10.

[0036] The injection pipe, reflective baffle cap and sieve plate in the surface condenser 3 are conventional structures in the field, and their working process and working principle are not described in detail.

[0037] A further optimized solution is that the gas-liquid separation part includes a first gas-liquid separator 12, the feed end of the first gas-liquid separator 12 is connected to the outlet of the first coil condenser 11, the liquid outlet end of the first gas-liquid separator 12 is connected to a buffer tank 13, and the gas outlet end of the first gas-liquid separator 12 is connected to the burner of the hot blast furnace 2.

[0038] To further optimize the solution, the buffer tank 13 is connected to the wood vinegar storage tank 10 via the second circulation pump 5 .

[0039] To further optimize the solution, the gas outlet end of the first gas-liquid separator 12 is also connected to the feed end of the second coil condenser 14, the outlet of the second coil condenser 14 is connected to the second gas-liquid separator 15, the liquid outlet end of the second gas-liquid separator 15 is connected to the buffer tank 13, and the gas outlet end of the second gas-liquid separator 15 is connected to the burner of the hot blast furnace 2.

[0040] According to a further optimization scheme, the gas outlet end of the second gas-liquid separator 15 is connected to the first induced draft fan 16 , and the gas outlet end of the first induced draft fan 16 is connected to the burner of the hot air furnace 2 through a liquid-sealed flame-retardant groove 17 .

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, after the non-condensable gas passing through the surface condenser 3 is circulated to the first coil condenser 11 through the pipeline for condensation, the gas-liquid mixture passes through the first gas-liquid separator 12, and the liquid flows into the cache tank 13, and the gas goes to the second coil condenser 14 for condensation again, and the condensed gas-liquid mixture passes through the second gas-liquid separator 15 again, and the liquid flows into the cache tank 13, and the gas passes through the first induced draft fan 16 and flows through the liquid-sealed fire-blocking groove 17 and then returns to the burner of the hot blast stove 2 as fuel for combustion. The gas-liquid separation completely starts the second circulation pump 5, and the liquid in the cache tank 13 is pumped into the wood vinegar storage tank 10.

[0042] According to a further optimization scheme, the flue gas duct in the vertical carbonization furnace 1 is connected to the waste gas secondary combustion chamber 19 through the second induced draft fan 18 , and the gas outlet end of the waste gas secondary combustion chamber 19 is connected to the hot end inlet of the waste heat recovery device 20 .

[0043] To further optimize the solution, the flue gas treatment part includes a flue gas absorption tower 22, the hot end outlet of the waste heat recovery device 20 is connected to the bottom air inlet of the flue gas absorption tower 22 through the third induced draft fan 21, and also includes an alkali liquid circulation tank 23, the liquid outlet end of the alkali liquid circulation tank 23 is connected to the interior of the flue gas absorption tower 22 through the top of the flue gas absorption tower 22, and the bottom liquid outlet of the flue gas absorption tower 22 is connected to the liquid inlet end of the alkali liquid circulation tank 23.

[0044] To further optimize the solution, a third circulation pump 24 is connected between the liquid outlet of the alkali solution circulation tank 23 and the flue gas absorption tower 22 .

[0045] like Figure 1As shown, after the high-temperature combustion gas entering the hot blast furnace 2 is heat-exchanged in the furnace of the vertical carbonization furnace 1, the flue gas directly enters the flue gas pipeline through the flue gas annular guide pipe of the vertical carbonization furnace 1, and then is introduced into the waste gas secondary combustion chamber 19 through the second induced draft fan 18 to remove the unburned organic components and other harmful gases in the flue gas to ensure the pollution-free emission of the exhaust gas in the later stage. Only, the high-temperature flue gas enters the waste heat recovery device 20, and is used to heat water vapor through heat exchange to achieve full utilization of the waste heat of the flue gas. The gas heated with water vapor enters the flue gas absorption tower 22 for treatment through the third induced draft fan 21, and the alkali liquid in the alkali liquid circulation tank 23 is pumped into the injection pipe at the top of the flue gas absorption tower 22 by the third circulation pump 24. The alkali liquid sprayed from the injection pipe reaches the reflective baffle cap and sprays downward, passes through the sieve plate, and fully contacts and reacts with the flue gas coming in from the gas phase pipe below. The treated gas is directly discharged from the top, and the alkali liquid flows downward through the pipeline into the alkali liquid circulation tank 23 to cool down and then circulate the above steps.

[0046] The injection pipe, reflective baffle cap, sieve plate and gas phase pipe in the flue gas absorption tower 22 are conventional structures in the field, and their working principles and working processes are not described in detail.

[0047] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0048] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A carbonization system integrating carbonization and process gas recovery, characterized in that ,include: Vertical carbonization furnace (1); The waste gas liquefaction component comprises a surface condenser (3) and a liquid circulation part, wherein the surface condenser (3) is used to condense the process gas in the vertical carbonization furnace (1), and the liquid circulation part is arranged corresponding to the surface condenser (3) and is used to exchange heat with the gas in the surface condenser (3); A non-condensable gas recovery component comprises a first coil condenser (11), a gas-liquid separation unit and a buffer tank (13) which are connected in sequence, wherein the first coil condenser (11) is used to condense the gas in the surface condenser (3); The flue gas waste heat utilization component comprises a waste heat recovery device (20), the flue gas pipeline in the vertical carbonization furnace (1) is connected to the hot end inlet of the waste heat recovery device (20), and the hot end outlet of the waste heat recovery device (20) is connected to the flue gas treatment part.

2. The carbonization system integrating carbonization and process gas recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a hot blast furnace (2), wherein the hot blast furnace (2) is used to introduce high-temperature gas into the vertical carbonization furnace (1).

3. The carbonization system integrating carbonization and process gas recovery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The liquid circulation part comprises a first circulation pump (4), the liquid inlet of the first circulation pump (4) is connected to the bottom liquid outlet of the surface condenser (3), and the liquid outlet of the first circulation pump (4) is connected to the top of the surface condenser (3) through a first valve (6).

4. The carbonization system integrating carbonization and process gas recovery according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The liquid outlet of the first circulation pump (4) is also connected to a second valve (7), and the liquid outlet end of the second valve (7) is connected to a wood vinegar storage tank (10).

5. The carbonization system integrating carbonization and process gas recovery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gas-liquid separation section comprises a first gas-liquid separator (12), the feed end of the first gas-liquid separator (12) is connected to the outlet of the first coil condenser (11), the liquid outlet end of the first gas-liquid separator (12) is connected to a buffer tank (13), and the gas outlet end of the first gas-liquid separator (12) is connected to the burner of the hot blast furnace (2).

6. The carbonization system integrating carbonization and process gas recovery according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gas outlet end of the first gas-liquid separator (12) is also connected to the feed end of the second coil condenser (14), the outlet of the second coil condenser (14) is connected to the second gas-liquid separator (15), the liquid outlet end of the second gas-liquid separator (15) is connected to the buffer tank (13), and the gas outlet end of the second gas-liquid separator (15) is connected to the burner of the hot blast furnace (2).

7. The carbonization system integrating carbonization and process gas recovery according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gas outlet end of the second gas-liquid separator (15) is connected to the first induced draft fan (16), and the gas outlet end of the first induced draft fan (16) is connected to the burner of the hot air furnace (2) through a liquid-sealed fire-retardant groove (17).

8. The carbonization system integrating carbonization and process gas recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flue gas duct in the vertical carbonization furnace (1) is connected to a waste gas secondary combustion chamber (19) via a second induced draft fan (18), and the gas outlet end of the waste gas secondary combustion chamber (19) is connected to the hot end inlet of the waste heat recovery device (20).

9. The carbonization system integrating carbonization and process gas recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flue gas treatment unit comprises a flue gas absorption tower (22), the hot end outlet of the waste heat recovery device (20) is connected to the bottom air inlet of the flue gas absorption tower (22) through a third induced draft fan (21), and also comprises an alkali liquid circulation tank (23), the liquid outlet of the alkali liquid circulation tank (23) is connected to the interior of the flue gas absorption tower (22) through the top of the flue gas absorption tower (22), and the bottom liquid outlet of the flue gas absorption tower (22) is connected to the liquid inlet of the alkali liquid circulation tank (23).

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