Lightweight cupronickel material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of design and preparation of copper alloy materials, particularly relates to a lightweight cupronickel material and a preparation method thereof, and designs and prepares cupronickel of a new alloy system, namely the lightweight cupronickel material. The density of the light cupronickel material is 6.08 g / cm < 3 >-6.20 g / cm < 3 >, and compared with existing copper-nickel alloy cupronickel, the density is reduced by 31.5%, so that the mass of the cupronickel material with the same volume is reduced by about 1 / 3, and the light weight of the cupronickel material is achieved. The light cupronickel material can be provided for the fields of aviation, spaceflight, weapons and new energy vehicles, the specific gravity of cupronickel parts is effectively reduced, and the light weight of the cupronickel parts is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of copper alloy material design and preparation, in particular to a light nickel silver material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] White copper has a silvery-white metallic luster, high strength, hardness, electrical resistance, good corrosion resistance and thermoelectric properties. It is a commonly used metal structural material in the fields of aviation, aerospace, shipbuilding, petroleum, chemical industry, construction, electricity, weapons, medical equipment, and musical instruments. It is also an important metal functional material for resistors and thermocouples. White copper has a unique silvery-white metallic luster and is also a commonly used metal material for handicrafts and accessories. White copper is also called copper-nickel alloy. Its main components are copper and nickel. The two components of the copper-nickel alloy can be infinitely soluble in liquid and solid. The crystallization process belongs to a homogeneous crystal transformation to form an α single-phase solid solution. In order to improve the mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and processing properties of white copper, a small amount of manganese, iron, zinc, aluminum and niobium alloy elements are added to the copper-nickel alloy to obtain manganese white copper, iron white copper, zinc white copper, aluminum white copper and niobium white copper.

[0003] With the vigorous development of aviation, aerospace, weapons and new energy vehicles, lightweight technology has important application value and research significance. Lightweight materials are the key technology and effective method to achieve lightweight. As a commonly used metal structural material, nickel silver is an important material in the fields of aviation, aerospace, weapons and new energy vehicle equipment. Therefore, the research on lightweight nickel silver materials has important engineering application value. The main alloying elements of nickel silver are copper and nickel. The density of copper is 8.96g / cm 3 , the density of nickel is 8.9g / cm 3 It can be seen that the density of copper and nickel is similar. Generally, the content of nickel added to white copper is about 16%-25%. The density of white copper formed by copper-nickel alloy is 8.9g / cm 3 , the current copper-nickel alloy has not yet achieved lightweight. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a light-weight nickel silver material and a preparation method thereof. The main chemical components of the light-weight nickel silver material of the present invention are Cu and Al, Cu is the main element, Al is the alloy element, and a trace amount of Ti, B and Si alloy elements are added to obtain the light-weight nickel silver material. Compared with the existing copper-nickel alloy nickel silver, the light-weight nickel silver material of the present invention has a density reduced by 31.5%, so that the mass of the same volume is reduced by about 1 / 3, thereby achieving the lightness of the nickel silver material.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A light nickel silver material is made of Cu, Al, Ti, B and Si, wherein the percentage content of Al is 35%-45%, the percentage content of Ti is 0.3%, the percentage content of B is 0.3%, the percentage content of Si is 0.4%, and the sum of the percentage contents of Cu, Al, Ti, B and Si is 100%.

[0007] Preferably, the density of the lightweight white copper material is 6.08 g / cm 3 -6.20g / cm 3 .

[0008] Preferably, the light copper-nickel material has a white metallic luster.

[0009] Preferably, the percentage content of Al is 35%, the percentage content of Ti is 0.3%, the percentage content of B is 0.3%, the percentage content of Si is 0.4%, and the sum of the percentage contents of Cu, Al, Ti, B and Si is 100%.

[0010] Preferably, the percentage content of Al is 45%, the percentage content of Ti is 0.3%, the percentage content of B is 0.3%, the percentage content of Si is 0.4%, and the sum of the percentage contents of Cu, Al, Ti, B and Si is 100%.

[0011] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned lightweight white copper material, comprising the following steps:

[0012] Weigh Cu, Al, Ti, B and Si powders according to their percentage contents.

[0013] The Cu, Ti, B and Si powders are mixed and put into a graphite crucible of a vacuum arc melting furnace for melting, and then cast to obtain a Cu alloy billet with trace amounts of Ti, B and Si alloy elements added thereto.

[0014] The Cu alloy billet is mixed with Al powder, and then placed in a graphite crucible of a resistance furnace or a high-frequency induction furnace for smelting. After smelting, the billet is cast to obtain a lightweight nickel silver material.

[0015] Preferably, the purity of Cu, Al, Ti, B and Si powders is not less than 99.9 wt %.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The present invention provides a light nickel silver material, which is made of Cu, Al, Ti, B and Si, wherein the percentage content of Al is 35%-45%, the percentage content of Ti is 0.3%, the percentage content of B is 0.3%, the percentage content of Si is 0.4%, and the sum of the percentage content of Cu, Al, Ti, B and Si is 100%. In the light nickel silver material, Cu is the main element, Al is an alloy element, and the density of aluminum is 2.7g / cm 3 By adding a high amount of aluminum to copper to form a lightweight white copper material, the density of the white copper can be effectively reduced. Experiments have found that controlling the amount of aluminum in copper can not only form a white copper-aluminum alloy, but also can be used as a new alloy system white copper material, effectively achieving the lightweight of the white copper material.

[0018] 2. The present invention also provides a method for preparing a lightweight white copper material, which comprises first mixing Cu, Ti, B and Si powders, and then smelting and casting to obtain a Cu alloy billet to which trace amounts of Ti, B and Si alloy elements are added; then the Cu alloy billet is mixed with Al powder, and smelting and casting are performed to obtain a lightweight white copper material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 The CuAl of Example 1 of the present invention 35 Physical picture of TiSiB lightweight white copper material.

[0020] Figure 2 The CuAl of Example 1 of the present invention 35 Microstructure images of TiSiB lightweight nickel silver material at different magnifications.

[0021] Figure 3 The CuAl of Example 1 of the present invention 35 XRD pattern of TiSiB lightweight white copper material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0023] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing special embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical range in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the scope is also specifically disclosed. Each smaller range between the intermediate value in any stated value or stated range and any other stated value or intermediate value in the described range is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded in the scope.

[0024] Compared with the aluminum nickel silver of the prior art, the lightweight nickel silver material of the present invention is fundamentally different in that: in the prior art, the amount of Al added is relatively small, the purpose of which is to improve the properties of nickel silver, such as wear resistance, corrosion resistance, mechanical properties and machinability; while in the present invention, a high amount of Al is added, the percentage of aluminum is 35%-45%, and the density of the nickel silver is reduced by adding a high amount of aluminum.

[0025] In addition, compared with the copper-nickel alloy white copper of the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0026] (1) Existing nickel silver is a copper-nickel alloy or a copper-zinc-manganese alloy. The lightweight nickel silver material of the present invention is a copper-aluminum alloy with an aluminum content of 35%-45%, and its chemical composition is different from that of the existing copper-nickel alloy.

[0027] (2) The density of the existing copper-nickel alloy white copper is 8.9 g / cm 3 The copper-aluminum alloy of the present invention has a density of 6.08 g / cm 3 -6.2g / cm 3 The density is reduced by 31.5%, and the mass of the same volume is reduced by nearly 1 / 3, achieving the lightweight of nickel silver. Compared with the existing nickel silver of the copper-nickel alloy system, the density of the nickel silver of the present invention is significantly reduced.

[0028] (3) The present invention can provide lightweight nickel silver materials for the fields of aviation, aerospace, weapons and new energy vehicles, effectively reduce the specific gravity of nickel silver components, and achieve lightweight nickel silver components.

[0029] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings, as shown below:

[0030] Example 1

[0031] A method for preparing a lightweight white copper material comprises the following steps:

[0032] S1. Composition design and ingredients of lightweight white copper material: The main chemical components of lightweight white copper material are Cu and Al, Cu is the main element, Al is the alloy element, and the percentage content of Al is 35%; it also includes trace amounts of alloy elements Ti, B and Si, with the percentage content of Ti being 0.3%, the percentage content of B being 0.3%, the percentage content of Si being 0.4%, and the balance being Cu. The purity of the raw materials used is not less than 99.9%.

[0033] S2. Preparation of Cu alloy billet: The main element Cu and trace alloying elements Ti, B and Si prepared in step S1 are smelted, a vacuum arc furnace is used as the smelting equipment, a graphite crucible is used as the smelting crucible, the smelted melt is cast, a casting mold is a steel mold, and a Cu alloy billet with trace alloying elements Ti, B and Si is prepared.

[0034] S3, preparation of light copper-nickel alloy material: the Cu alloy blank of step S2 and the Al raw material are placed in a melting crucible, the crucible is a graphite crucible, and a resistance furnace or a high-frequency induction furnace is used for melting, the melted melt is cast, the casting mold is a steel mold, and copper-aluminum alloy copper-nickel alloy is prepared, and the ingot is naturally cooled and removed from the mold to complete 200g CuAl 35 Preparation of TiB lightweight cupronickel material.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] A method for preparing a lightweight white copper material comprises the following steps:

[0037] S1. Composition design and ingredients of lightweight white copper material: The main chemical components of lightweight white copper material are Cu and Al, Cu is the main element, Al is the alloy element, and the percentage content of Al is 45%; it also includes trace amounts of alloy elements Ti, B and Si, with the percentage content of Ti being 0.3%, the percentage content of B being 0.3%, the percentage content of Si being 0.4%, and the balance being Cu. The purity of the raw materials used is not less than 99.9%.

[0038] S2. Preparation of Cu alloy billet: The main element Cu and trace alloying elements Ti, B and Si prepared in step S1 are smelted, a vacuum arc furnace is used as the smelting equipment, a graphite crucible is used as the smelting crucible, the smelted melt is cast, a casting mold is a steel mold, and a Cu alloy billet with trace alloying elements Ti, B and Si is prepared.

[0039] S3, preparation of light copper-nickel alloy material: the Cu alloy blank of step S2 and the Al raw material are placed in a melting crucible, the crucible is a graphite crucible, and a resistance furnace or a high-frequency induction furnace is used for melting, the melted melt is cast, the casting mold is a steel mold, and copper-aluminum alloy copper-nickel alloy is prepared, and the ingot is naturally cooled and removed from the mold to complete 200g CuAl 45 Preparation of TiB lightweight cupronickel material.

[0040] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalent technologies, the present invention is also intended to include these changes and variations. The above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and their protection scope is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the present invention are all within the protection scope of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the claims.

Claims

1. A lightweight nickel silver material, characterized in that: The lightweight white copper material is made of Cu, Al, Ti, B and Si, wherein the percentage content of Al is 35%-45%, the percentage content of Ti is 0.3%, the percentage content of B is 0.3%, the percentage content of Si is 0.4%, and the sum of the percentage contents of Cu, Al, Ti, B and Si is 100%.

2. The lightweight nickel silver material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The density of lightweight nickel silver material is 6.08g / cm 3 -6.20g / cm 3 .

3. The lightweight nickel silver material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light copper-nickel material has a white metallic luster.

4. The lightweight nickel silver material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The percentage content of Al is 35%, the percentage content of Ti is 0.3%, the percentage content of B is 0.3%, the percentage content of Si is 0.4%, and the sum of the percentage contents of Cu, Al, Ti, B and Si is 100%.

5. The lightweight nickel silver material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The percentage content of Al is 45%, the percentage content of Ti is 0.3%, the percentage content of B is 0.3%, the percentage content of Si is 0.4%, and the sum of the percentage contents of Cu, Al, Ti, B and Si is 100%.

6. A method for preparing the lightweight white copper material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Weigh Cu, Al, Ti, B and Si powders according to their percentage contents; The Cu, Ti, B and Si powders are mixed and then smelted, and then cast to obtain a Cu alloy billet with trace amounts of Ti, B and Si alloy elements added; The Cu alloy billet is mixed with Al powder, smelted and then cast to obtain a lightweight nickel silver material.

7. The method for preparing a lightweight nickel silver material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The purity of Cu, Al, Ti, B and Si powders is not less than 99.9wt%.

8. The method for preparing a lightweight nickel silver material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The Cu, Ti, B and Si powders are mixed and placed in a graphite crucible of a vacuum arc melting furnace for melting.

9. The method for preparing a lightweight nickel silver material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The Cu alloy billet is mixed with the Al powder and placed in a graphite crucible of a resistance furnace or a high-frequency induction furnace for smelting.

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