Multipurpose outwards-inclined horizontal passive protective net and protective method

Abstract

The invention relates to the fields of disaster prevention and reduction, traffic engineering, water-power engineering and the like, in particular to a multipurpose outwards-inclined horizontal passive protective net and a protective method. The structure is arranged on a steep cliff (1) and comprises an anchor rod (3) and a lower support (2), the device further comprises a horizontal supporting column (4), and the horizontal supporting column (4) is embedded into the lower support (2) which is installed on the steep cliff (1) in advance. Supporting ropes are arranged on the multiple groups of horizontal supporting columns (4); a protective net (10) is arranged on the supporting rope; an upper pulling anchor rope (11) extends out of the anchor rod (3) and is pulled and fixed at the end part of the horizontal supporting column (4); the protective net (10) inclines outwards, the outwards-inclined protective net (10) can effectively intercept falling rocks and guide the falling rocks to escape from the protective net, the falling rocks safely fall into a safe area outside the protective net, and threats to personnel, facilities and the like below the protective net are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the fields of disaster prevention and reduction, traffic engineering, hydropower engineering, and the like, and in particular to a multi-purpose outward-inclined horizontal passive protection net and a protection method. Background Art

[0002] During the construction or operation of engineering facilities, problems such as high slope collapse and rockfall often occur due to geological environmental conditions, which poses a huge safety hazard to engineering construction and operation, and it is necessary to pay attention to slope protection issues.

[0003] At present, active protection nets are mainly used to protect against falling rocks on steep cliffs. Active protection nets have the advantages of simple construction, short construction period and low maintenance cost. The principle of active protection nets is to actively restrain and support loose rocks and soil blocks on the slopes by setting up components such as wire rope nets, anchoring systems and supporting structures, thereby enhancing the stability of the slopes and effectively preventing them from collapsing and threatening pedestrians, vehicles, equipment, etc. below.

[0004] Active protection nets are mainly composed of wire rope nets, anchoring systems and supporting structures. In the existing technology, manual cleaning or repair is required regularly to ensure the normal function and interception efficiency of the protection net. However, manual cleaning or repair not only increases maintenance costs, but may also pose a safety threat to construction personnel, equipment, etc. in high-risk environments.

[0005] Active network failure can generally be divided into two types: one is due to the loosening, sliding, and falling of rock blocks in the active network, which causes space or loose rock blocks to accumulate in the network, and the rock load is mainly transferred to the active network, causing the active network to deform and collapse due to excessive stress, or directly pulling out the anchor rod and causing the active network to fall off; the other is the pulling out of the anchor rod or the falling off of the active network due to problems such as design (low anchoring force) or construction (grouting problems, loose rock mass not removed).

[0006] At the same time, although passive protection nets can effectively block falling rocks, their designs usually do not have good conditions for erecting nets or play an effective interception role in the face of the complex characteristics of falling rocks on steep cliffs. This makes passive protection nets insufficient to meet actual needs when dealing with rocks and unstable soil blocks falling from steep cliffs, limiting their application in protecting against falling rocks on steep cliffs. Combined with these shortcomings, an improved protection solution is urgently needed to take into account effectiveness, safety and ease of maintenance.

[0007] On October 15, 2024, with "protective net and falling rocks and rope and support" as the abstract keywords, and the option to allow synonym expansion was checked, a search was conducted in the Chinese Patent Publication Database, and the following documents were found:

[0008] CN111139756A discloses a high-energy level protective steel shed cave suitable for any terrain in mountainous areas; it includes a steel shed cave body, and a rotating support is arranged on the mountain side of the top plate of the steel shed cave body. The structure is too complicated to protect people under falling rocks. CN211772971U discloses a high-energy level protective steel shed cave, including a steel shed cave body, and a rotating support is arranged on the mountain side of the top plate of the steel shed cave body. The structure is too complicated to protect people under falling rocks. CN113737672A provides a design method for a throwing-type toughness buffer net unit for rockfall protection and its critical throwing angle, which is irrelevant to this patent. CN208649920U provides an adjustable and reusable slope surface protection system, including a support foundation pit and an anchor rod foundation pit excavated on the surface of the slope. The structure is too complicated to protect people under falling rocks. CN220550465U discloses an assembled flexible rockfall protection structure comprising a plurality of columns arranged side by side; a column head is provided on the top of each column, and the column head comprises a sleeve sleeved on the top of the column, and a sliding support is provided on the sleeve. The structure is too complicated and cannot protect people under the falling rocks.

[0009] On October 15, 2024, an abstract search for "protective net and falling rocks and ropes and supports" on CNKI found "Research on the selection of high-energy protective steel box shed caves to deal with post-earthquake collapse" published by Yuan Song, Shao Lin, Li Liangpu, Zou Peng, etc. The structure is too complicated to protect people under the falling rocks.

[0010] On October 15, 2024, a search was conducted in the China Patent Publication Database with "Protect i ve net and rockfall and rope and support" as the abstract keywords, with the option of allowing synonym expansion checked, and no relevant literature was found.

[0011] On October 15, 2024, a search was conducted on the website of the United States Patent and Trademark Office with the term "Protect i ve net with rockfall with rope with support"; the search URL is https: / / ppubs.uspto.gov / pubwebapp / . The following results were found: US20240273744A1 Non-contact visual monitoring system and method for flexible protective structure, which is unrelated to this patent.

[0012] On October 15, 2024, a search was conducted on the Korean Patent Office for “Protective net and rockfall and rope and support”, and no relevant literature was found; the search URL was http: / / eng.kipris.or.kr / enghome / main.jsp.

[0013] On October 15, 2024, a search was conducted on WIPO's https: / / patentscope2.wi po.i nt / with "Protective net and rock fall and rope and support", and the following irrelevant documents were found: 2002302911 Rockfall protection device; Applicant Dong'e Cement Co., Ltd.; Temporarily disperse the energy absorption in the support rope to prevent the sudden application of high pressure to the upper and lower support ropes in the rockfall protection device, which is constructed by extending the protection net around multiple support columns with upper and lower support ropes. , The structure is too complicated to protect people under the falling rocks.

[0014] Application number 202122971991.6 Reinforced protective net for slope protection; includes support rods, pull ropes and brushes, and brushes are installed on the lower end surface of the protective frame. The structure is too complicated and cannot protect people under falling rocks.

[0015] Application No. 202110415490.1 Design method of a throwing-type tough buffer net unit for rockfall protection and its critical throwing angle; by adjusting the height difference between each support cable column, the paving inclination angle of the protection net is adjusted to the critical throwing angle θmin of the mesh. However, the structure is too complicated to protect people under the falling rocks.

[0016] Application No. 202311263447.3 A combined slope protection system and construction method; by driving a wire rope anchor rod into the slope surface, laying a protection net, and fixing the two with a support rope, a connecting assembly connects the wire rope anchor rod and the support rope, providing a buffer for the support rope, which can improve the bearing capacity of the protection system and eliminate hidden dangers such as falling rocks. , The structure is too complicated to protect people under the falling rocks.

[0017] Application number 202321822723.0 is an assembled flexible rockfall protection structure; each column is provided with a column cap on the top, and a protective mesh is hung on the supporting rope between the columns, and the left and right sides of the protective mesh are hung with hooks on the side walls of the columns; the structure is too complicated to protect people under the falling rocks.

[0018] Application No. 202010032210.4 A high-energy protective steel shed cave suitable for any terrain in mountainous areas; it includes a steel shed cave body, a rotating support is arranged on the mountain side of the top plate of the steel shed cave body, the rotating support is connected to the bottom of a piston spring strut, and a pulley is connected to the top of the piston spring strut. A flexible protective net is arranged above the steel shed cave body. The structure is too complicated to protect people under the falling rocks.

[0019] Application No. 202021058064.4 is a rockfall prevention fence for construction sites; it includes a frame beam, two groups of symmetrically arranged frame columns and a support beam, and adapter holes are opened on both sides of the frame column for the frame beam and the support beam to pass through. The structure is too complicated and cannot protect people under the falling rocks.

[0020] On October 15, 2024, a search was conducted on the Japan Patent Office website https: / / www.jp l atpat.inpit.go.jp / for “Protective net and rock fall and rope and support”, but no relevant literature was found. Summary of the invention

[0021] Purpose of the invention: To provide a multi-purpose outward-inclined horizontal passive protection net and protection method with better effect. The specific purpose can be seen in the multiple substantial technical effects in the specific implementation part.

[0022] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0023] Option 1: An outward-inclined horizontal passive protection net;

[0024] Solution 2: A multi-purpose outward-inclined horizontal passive protection net; the core content of this solution is the hinged sliding structure, which allows the protection net to be used as a protective pocket as well as a protective structure;

[0025] Scheme 3: A multi-purpose outward-inclined horizontal passive protection method; this scheme is the implementation method of scheme 1;

[0026] Option 4: A multi-purpose outward-inclined horizontal passive protection method; this option is the implementation method of Option 2.

[0027] in:

[0028] Scheme 1, Scheme 2, Scheme 3 and Scheme 4 are closely related as a whole and belong to a closely integrated technical whole, but each of the three schemes has its own focus;

[0029] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0030] Solution 1:

[0031] An outward-inclined horizontal passive protection net, characterized in that:

[0032] The structure is arranged on a steep cliff 1, and includes an anchor rod 3 and a lower support 2;

[0033] It also includes a horizontal support column 4, and the horizontal support column 4 is embedded in the lower support 2 pre-installed on the steep cliff 1;

[0034] Support ropes are arranged on multiple groups of horizontal support columns 4; and protective nets 10 are arranged on the support ropes;

[0035] The anchor rod 3 is extended with an upper anchor rope 11, and the upper anchor rope 11 is pulled and fixed at the end of the horizontal support column 4;

[0036] The protective net 10 is inclined outwards, and the outward-inclined protective net 10 can effectively intercept falling rocks and guide them to escape from the protective net and fall into a safe area outside the protective net, thereby reducing threats to personnel, vehicles, facilities, etc. below.

[0037] A further technical solution of the present invention is that every two anchor rods 3 correspond to one lower support 2; that is, the two anchor rods 3 are extended with an upper anchor rope 11, and the upper anchor rope 11 passes through the hanging seat 13 at the end of the horizontal support column 4, and the hanging seat 13 is a locking buckle.

[0038] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the protective net 10 is a woven net and is made of metal.

[0039] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the horizontal support column 4 adopts an I-beam column, which has high stability and bearing capacity; the horizontal support column 4 and the lower support 2 are embedded in each other to ensure the stability of the passive protection net.

[0040] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the protection net 10 is installed between the horizontal support columns 4, and the protection net 10 forms a plane structure with an outward inclination of about 25-35 degrees with the horizontal plane.

[0041] Option 2:

[0042] A multi-purpose outward-inclined horizontal passive protection net, characterized in that:

[0043] The structure is arranged on a steep cliff 1, and includes an anchor rod 3 and a lower support 2;

[0044] It also includes a horizontal support column 4, and the horizontal support column 4 is embedded in the lower support 2 pre-installed on the steep cliff 1;

[0045] Support ropes are arranged on multiple groups of horizontal support columns 4; and protective nets 10 are arranged on the support ropes;

[0046] The anchor rod 3 is extended with an upper anchor rope 11, and the upper anchor rope 11 is pulled and fixed at the end of the horizontal support column 4;

[0047] The lower support 2 is slidably connected to the horizontal support column 4;

[0048] Therefore, the horizontal support column 4 can fit the steep slope to realize the function of a rock protection bag; at the same time, the horizontal support column 4 can also be pulled by the pull-up anchor rope 11 extended from the anchor rod 3. When the pull-up anchor rope 11 is pulled to the end of the horizontal support column 4, the protection net 10 can be tilted outward. The outward-inclined protection net 10 can effectively intercept falling rocks and guide the falling rocks to escape from the protection net and fall safely into a safe area outside the protection net, reducing the threat to personnel, vehicles and facilities below.

[0049] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the lower support 2 includes a frame structure, on which two groups of symmetrically arranged closed perforated slides 205 are fixed, the closed perforated slides 205 have a square hole, the square holes are arranged up and down, and a sliding block 206 that can move up and down along the square hole is arranged in the closed perforated slide 205, a basic shaft 201 is fixed between the two groups of sliding blocks 206, the basic shaft 201 is fixedly connected to the horizontal support column 4, the upper end of the spring 204 is welded below the horizontal support column 4, and the lower part of the spring 204 is arranged on the bottom wall 203 of the frame;

[0050] The combined effect of sliding and spring can provide elastic force to dissipate the energy of falling rocks; at the same time, it can prevent the protective net 10 from being directly penetrated.

[0051] Option 3:

[0052] A multi-purpose outward-inclined horizontal passive protection method, characterized in that the outward-inclined horizontal passive protection net as described in any one of the above is used to protect against:

[0053] The protection net is designed so that the falling rocks can bounce or roll off the protection net after being intercepted and fall into a safe area outside the protection net, thus avoiding the accumulation of falling rocks on the protection net.

[0054] The arrangement and inclination angle of the protective net can effectively intercept falling rocks and guide them away from the protected objects, reduce the accumulation of falling rocks on the protective net, reduce the frequency of manual cleaning and maintenance, reduce the frequency of damage and repair of the protective net, and significantly improve the overall economic benefits of the project.

[0055] Option 4:

[0056] A multi-purpose outward-inclined horizontal passive protection method, characterized in that the multi-purpose outward-inclined horizontal passive protection net as described in any one of the above is used.

[0057] When the horizontal support column 4 can fit the steep slope, the protective net 10 also fits the steep slope to achieve the protective function;

[0058] When the horizontal support column 4 is pulled up by the anchor rope 11, the protection net is designed so that the falling rocks can escape from the protection net by rebounding or rolling after being intercepted and fall safely into the area outside the protection net, thereby preventing the falling rocks from accumulating on the protection net.

[0059] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the spring 204 can provide elastic force to dissipate the energy of falling rocks and reduce damage to the horizontal support columns and the protective net.

[0060] The present invention adopting the above technical solution has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: the protection net design enables falling rocks to escape from the protection net by rebounding or rolling after being intercepted and fall into a safe area outside the protection net, thereby avoiding the accumulation of falling rocks on the protection net.

[0061] The arrangement and inclination angle of the protective net can effectively intercept falling rocks and guide them away from the protected objects, reduce the accumulation of falling rocks on the protective net, reduce the frequency of manual cleaning of falling rocks and maintenance of the protective net, and significantly improve the overall economic benefits of the project. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0062] In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following is further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0063] Figure 1 It is a side structural schematic diagram of the invention;

[0064] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the invented structure from a top view without a steep cliff;

[0065] Figure 3 The realization diagram of the support column and the mesh weaving;

[0066] Figure 4 It is the structural diagram of the horizontal support column and the lower support;

[0067] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the front view structure of the invention without a steep cliff;

[0068] Figure 6 Layout drawing of upper support rope and protection net;

[0069] Figure 7 This is the structural diagram of the mount;

[0070] Figure 8 A further improved structural diagram of the second solution of the invention;

[0071] Among them: 1 is a steep cliff, 2 is a lower support, 3 is an upper support, 4 is a horizontal support column, 5 is an upper support rope, 6 is a lower support rope, 7 is a left support rope, 8 is a right support rope, 9 is a suture rope, 10 is a protective net, 11 is an upper pull anchor rope, 12 is an anchor rod, 13 is a hanging seat, 14 is a support ring; 201. Basic axis; 202. Spring fixing position; 203. Bottom wall; 204. Spring; 205. Closed perforated slide groove; 206. Sliding block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0072] The present invention is further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "top", "bottom", etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific circumstances.

[0073] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0074] This patent provides a variety of parallel solutions. The different expressions are improved solutions or parallel solutions based on the basic solution. Each solution has its own unique characteristics. In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other. The fixing method not described in the text can be any fixing method such as thread fixing, bolt fixing or glue bonding.

[0075] Embodiment 1: In combination with all the accompanying drawings; an outward-inclined horizontal passive protection net, characterized in that:

[0076] The structure is arranged on a steep cliff 1, and includes an anchor rod 3 and a lower support 2;

[0077] It also includes a horizontal support column 4, and the horizontal support column 4 is embedded in the lower support 2 pre-installed on the steep cliff 1;

[0078] Support ropes are arranged on multiple groups of horizontal support columns 4; and protective nets 10 are arranged on the support ropes;

[0079] The anchor rod 3 is extended with an upper anchor rope 11, and the upper anchor rope 11 is pulled and fixed at the end of the horizontal support column 4;

[0080] The protective net 10 is inclined outwards, and the outward-inclined protective net 10 can effectively intercept falling rocks and guide them to escape from the protective net and fall into a safe area outside the protective net, thereby reducing threats to personnel, facilities, etc. below.

[0081] The substantial technical effects and implementation process of the technical solution hereof, i.e. the basic functions, are as follows:

[0082] A multi-purpose outward-inclined horizontal passive protection method, characterized in that the outward-inclined horizontal passive protection net as described in any one of the above is used to protect against:

[0083] The protection net is designed so that the falling rocks can bounce or roll off the protection net after being intercepted and fall into a safe area outside the protection net, thus avoiding the accumulation of falling rocks on the protection net.

[0084] The arrangement and inclination angle of the protective net can effectively intercept falling rocks and guide them away from the protected objects, reduce the accumulation of falling rocks on the protective net, reduce the frequency of manual cleaning of falling rocks and maintenance of the protective net, and significantly improve the overall economic benefits of the project.

[0085] The present invention relates to multiple fields, mainly including disaster prevention and reduction, transportation engineering, and hydropower engineering. In these fields, especially in the protection engineering near steep cliffs, the present invention has significant application value. Specifically, the present invention is particularly suitable for occasions where it is necessary to protect against rockfall damage, such as:

[0086] The invention is applicable to transportation facilities such as roads and railways below steep cliffs, and aims to effectively intercept and quickly discharge falling rocks, reduce the threat of falling rocks to transportation facilities and personnel below, and ensure the safe operation of transportation facilities.

[0087] Hydropower projects: In hydropower projects, especially buildings and facilities located at the bottom of steep cliffs, rockfall poses a serious threat to their safety. The present invention provides a high-performance passive protection net structure, which is designed to effectively intercept and remove rockfall, ensuring the safe and stable operation of hydropower projects.

[0088] Disaster prevention and mitigation: In areas where geological disasters occur frequently, such as earthquake-prone areas and landslide-prone areas, rockfall is one of the common disasters. The present invention provides an innovative protection net design to effectively protect these areas and reduce the losses caused by rockfall disasters.

[0089] The protective net structure of the present invention has high-performance passive protection capabilities, can effectively intercept mountain rockfall, and guide the rockfall away from the protected object through reasonable design. This design significantly reduces the accumulation of rockfall, thereby reducing the difficulty and risk of subsequent maintenance. Through the optimized support system, the protective net can effectively absorb and disperse energy when impacted, ensuring the stability and safety of the structure.

[0090] The present invention has important application value in the fields of disaster prevention and reduction, transportation engineering, hydropower engineering, etc., and can provide reliable protection for related facilities, ensure their safe operation, and reduce potential disaster losses.

[0091] In order to solve the problem in the prior art that active protection nets require manual maintenance to clean up fallen rocks, while passive protection nets cannot be used to protect against falling rocks on steep cliffs, the present invention provides an outward-inclined nearly horizontal passive protection net design.

[0092] An outward-inclined near-horizontal passive protection net includes a plurality of horizontal support columns arranged on a steep cliff, support ropes are arranged on the horizontal support column mountings, and a protection net is arranged between the support ropes by sewing ropes, the lower end of the horizontal support column is buried in a lower support, and an upper pull anchor rope is hung on the upper end mounting of the horizontal support column, and the other end of the upper pull anchor rope is connected to a fixed anchor rod, and the anchor rod is fixed to an upper support arranged on the side of the steep cliff. The overall structure forms a horizontal protection net inclined to the outside by about 25-35 degrees on the cross section.

[0093] According to the assessment of the rockfall energy level in the specific environment, the installation angle of the protection net is reasonably designed to optimize its interception effect and stability. By analyzing the dynamic characteristics of rockfall and steep cliff terrain, the most suitable installation angle is selected to ensure that the protection net can effectively disperse the impact force when facing the impact of rockfall and maximize the overall protection performance.

[0094] According to the specific geological environment conditions, the characteristics of rockfall movement are evaluated to determine the specifications of I-beams used in the corresponding horizontal support columns, the strength grade of the steel ropes used in the support ropes, and the strength grade of the steel ropes used in the upper anchor ropes; thereby ensuring that the protective net system has sufficient bearing capacity and stability to effectively deal with potential rockfall impacts.

[0095] According to the geological conditions, climate characteristics and rockfall energy level of the specific environment, a comprehensive assessment is conducted to select the appropriate protective net material. The mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and UV resistance of the material are considered to ensure the long-term reliability and effectiveness of the protective net in a specific environment, thereby achieving effective interception and safety protection of rockfall and reducing long-term maintenance costs.

[0096] Outward inclination design: The design is inclined to the outside by about 25-35 degrees to ensure that the falling rocks can bounce or roll out of the protective net and fall into the safe area outside the net, reducing the threat to the protected objects. The angle is determined by the size and energy level of the falling rocks. Generally, the falling rocks on the ground at an angle of 27 to 28 degrees or more will accelerate, and those below that will decelerate.

[0097] Design concept: According to the geological conditions, climate characteristics and rockfall energy level of the specific environment, suitable materials are selected to significantly improve the long-term reliability and effectiveness of the protective net, maximize the overall protection performance and extend the service life.

[0098] Interception and guidance: The layout and inclination angle of the protection net enable it to effectively intercept falling rocks, and through reasonable guidance design, the falling rocks can roll smoothly to the outside to avoid accumulation on the protection net. This design not only significantly improves the long-term effectiveness of the protection net, but also significantly reduces the frequency of manual cleaning and maintenance, and improves the overall economic benefits of the project.

[0099] Design of protection net: The protection net adopts a nearly horizontal structural design, with an I-beam column set every 5 meters along the mountain to provide support. The bottom end of each I-beam column is buried in the lower support pre-installed on the side of the steep cliff, and the outer side is connected to the cantilever end of the support column and the anchor rod by the upper anchor rope, and the anchor rod is fixed to the upper support on the mountain side, thus forming a stable and effective support system.

[0100] Outward-inclined design: The overall protection net is slightly inclined, and its inclination angle is designed to be about 25 to 35 degrees. This design can not only effectively intercept falling rocks, but also guide the falling rocks to escape the protection net by rebounding or rolling, so that they fall into the safe area outside the net, effectively reducing the potential danger of falling rocks to people and facilities below.

[0101] Support structure: The support column is made of high-strength I-beams. The specific specifications of the I-beams should be reasonably selected according to geological and environmental conditions to ensure that they have sufficient strength and stability. This targeted design not only improves the economic benefits of the project, but also effectively saves material costs.

[0102] Steel rope oblique pull: The cantilever end of the support column is obliquely connected to the mountain through the upper anchor rope, which significantly enhances the overall stability of the protection net. In addition, the tension of the upper anchor rope provides the necessary support for the protection net, enabling it to more effectively intercept and guide falling rocks, ensuring that falling rocks will not accumulate in the protection net.

[0103] Embodiment 2: As a further improved solution or parallel solution or optional independent solution, every two anchor rods 3 correspond to one lower support 2; that is, the two anchor rods 3 extend with an upper anchor rope 11, and the upper anchor rope 11 passes through the hanging seat 13 at the end of the horizontal support column 4, and the hanging seat 13 is a locking buckle. The substantial technical effect and implementation process of the technical solution here are as follows: better stability.

[0104] Embodiment 3: As a further improved solution or parallel solution or optional independent solution, the protective net 10 is a woven net and the protective net 10 is made of metal. The substantial technical effects and implementation process of the technical solution here are as follows: Higher strength.

[0105] Embodiment 4: As a further improved solution or parallel solution or optional independent solution, the horizontal support column 4 adopts an I-beam column, which has higher stability and bearing capacity; the horizontal support column 4 and the lower support 2 are connected in an embedded manner to ensure the stability of the passive protection net. The substantial technical effects and implementation process of the technical solution here are as follows: higher stability.

[0106] Embodiment 5: As a further improved solution or parallel solution or optional independent solution, the protective net 10 is installed between the horizontal support columns 4, and the protective net 10 forms a plane structure with an outward inclination of about 25-35 degrees with the horizontal plane. The substantial technical effect and implementation process of the technical solution here are as follows: preferably a plane structure of about 30 degrees.

[0107] Option 2:

[0108] Embodiment 6: As a further improved solution or parallel solution or optional independent solution, a multi-purpose outward-inclined horizontal passive protection net is characterized in that:

[0109] The structure is arranged on a steep cliff 1, and includes an anchor rod 3 and a lower support 2;

[0110] It also includes a horizontal support column 4, and the horizontal support column 4 is embedded in the lower support 2 pre-installed on the steep cliff 1;

[0111] Support ropes are arranged on multiple groups of horizontal support columns 4; and protective nets 10 are arranged on the support ropes;

[0112] The anchor rod 3 is extended with an upper anchor rope 11, and the upper anchor rope 11 is pulled and fixed at the end of the horizontal support column 4;

[0113] The lower support 2 is slidably connected to the horizontal support column 4;

[0114] Therefore, the horizontal support column 4 can fit the steep slope to realize the function of rock protection bag; at the same time, the horizontal support column 4 can also be pulled by the pull-up anchor rope 11 extended from the anchor rod 3. When the pull-up anchor rope 11 is pulled to the end of the horizontal support column 4, the protection net 10 can be tilted outward. The outward-tilted protection net 10 can effectively intercept the falling rocks and guide the falling rocks to escape from the protection net and fall safely into the area outside the net, reducing the threat to the personnel and facilities below. The substantial technical effect of the technical solution here and its implementation process are as follows: a multi-purpose outward-tilted horizontal passive protection method, characterized in that a multi-purpose outward-tilted horizontal passive protection net as described in any one of the above items is used.

[0115] When the horizontal support column 4 can fit the steep slope, the protective net 10 also fits the steep slope to achieve the protective function;

[0116] When the horizontal support column 4 is pulled up by the anchor rope 11, the protection net is designed so that the falling rocks can escape from the protection net by rebounding or rolling after being intercepted and fall into a safe area outside the protection net, thereby avoiding the accumulation of falling rocks on the protection net.

[0117] The spring 204 can provide elastic force to reduce damage to the horizontal support column and the protective net.

[0118] Creativity can rebound and can be used for multiple purposes.

[0119] Embodiment 7: As a further improved solution or parallel solution or optional independent solution, the basic shaft 201 can slide up and down in the support and play the role of energy dissipation together with the spring 204. That is, the lower support 2 includes a frame structure, on which two groups of symmetrically arranged closed perforated slide grooves 205 are fixed, the closed perforated slide grooves 205 have a square hole, the square hole is arranged up and down, and a sliding block 206 that can move up and down along the square hole is arranged in the closed perforated slide groove 205. A basic shaft 201 is fixed between the two groups of sliding blocks 206, and the basic shaft 201 is fixedly connected to the horizontal support column 4. The upper end of the spring 204 is welded below the horizontal support column 4, and the lower part of the spring 204 is arranged on the bottom wall 203 of the frame;

[0120] The combined effect of sliding and spring can provide elastic force to dissipate the energy of falling rocks; at the same time, it can prevent the protective net 10 from being directly penetrated.

[0121] Innovatively, each of the above effects exists independently, and a set of structures can be used to combine the above results.

[0122] It should be noted that the multiple modules of this patent are the integration of modules of the prior art and do not involve new modules. Even if some modules use programs, the programs are undoubtedly known programs.

[0123] It should be noted that the multiple solutions provided by this patent include the basic solution itself, which are independent of each other and do not restrict each other, but they can also be combined with each other without conflict to achieve multiple effects together.

[0124] The basic principle, main features and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the protection required.

Claims

1. An outward-inclined horizontal passive protection net, characterized in that: The structure is arranged on a steep cliff (1), and comprises an anchor rod (3) and a lower support (2); It also comprises a horizontal support column (4), wherein the horizontal support column (4) is embedded in the lower support (2) pre-installed on the steep cliff (1); Support ropes are arranged on the multiple groups of horizontal support columns (4); and protective nets (10) are arranged on the support ropes; An upper anchor rope (11) extends out of the anchor rod (3), and the upper anchor rope (11) is pulled and fixed on the end of the horizontal support column (4); The protective net (10) is inclined outwards, and the outward-inclined protective net (10) can effectively intercept falling rocks and guide them to escape from the protective net and fall into a safe area outside the protective net, thereby reducing threats to personnel, vehicles, facilities, etc. below.

2. The outward-inclined horizontal passive protection net according to claim 1, characterized in that: Every two anchor rods (3) correspond to a lower support (2); that is, the two anchor rods (3) are extended with an upper anchor rope (11), and the upper anchor rope (11) passes through a hanging seat (13) at the end of the horizontal support column (4), and the hanging seat (13) is a locking buckle.

3. The outward-inclined horizontal passive protection net according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective net (10) is a woven net and is made of metal.

4. The outward-inclined horizontal passive protection net according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal support column (4) is an I-shaped steel column, which has high stability and bearing capacity; the horizontal support column (4) and the lower support (2) are connected in an embedded manner to ensure the stability of the passive protection net.

5. The outward-inclined horizontal passive protection net according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective net (10) is installed between the horizontal support columns (4), and the protective net (10) forms a plane structure with an outward inclination of about 25-35 degrees with the horizontal plane.

6. A multi-purpose outward-inclined horizontal passive protection net, characterized in that: The structure is arranged on a steep cliff (1), and comprises an anchor rod (3) and a lower support (2); It also comprises a horizontal support column (4), wherein the horizontal support column (4) is embedded in the lower support (2) pre-installed on the steep cliff (1); Support ropes are arranged on the multiple groups of horizontal support columns (4); and protective nets (10) are arranged on the support ropes; An upper anchor rope (11) extends out of the anchor rod (3), and the upper anchor rope (11) is pulled and fixed on the end of the horizontal support column (4); The lower support (2) is slidably connected to the horizontal support column (4); Therefore, the horizontal support column (4) can be adapted to the steep slope to realize the function of a rock protection bag; at the same time, the horizontal support column (4) can also be pulled by the upper pull anchor rope (11) extending from the anchor rod (3). When the upper pull anchor rope (11) is pulled at the end of the horizontal support column (4), the protective net (10) can be tilted outwards. The tilted protective net (10) can effectively intercept falling rocks and guide the falling rocks to escape from the protective net and fall safely into a safe area outside the protective net, thereby reducing the threat to personnel, vehicles and facilities below.

7. A multi-purpose outward-inclined horizontal passive protection net as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The lower support (2) comprises a frame structure, on which two groups of symmetrically arranged closed perforated slide grooves (205) are fixed, the closed perforated slide groove (205) having a square hole, the square hole being arranged up and down, a sliding block (206) capable of moving up and down along the square hole being arranged in the closed perforated slide groove (205), a basic shaft (201) being fixed between the two groups of sliding blocks (206), the basic shaft (201) being fixedly connected to a horizontal support column (4), the upper end of a spring (204) being welded below the horizontal support column (4), the lower part of the spring (204) being arranged on the bottom wall (203) of the frame; The combined action of sliding and spring can provide elastic force to dissipate the energy of falling rocks; at the same time, the protective net (10) is prevented from being directly penetrated.

8. A multi-purpose outward-inclined horizontal passive protection method, characterized in that: Using the outward-inclined horizontal passive protection net as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, The protection net is designed so that the falling rocks can bounce or roll off the protection net after being intercepted and fall into a safe area outside the protection net, thus avoiding the accumulation of falling rocks on the protection net. The arrangement and inclination angle of the protective net can effectively intercept falling rocks and guide them away from the protected objects, reduce the accumulation of falling rocks on the protective net, reduce the frequency of manual cleaning and maintenance, reduce the frequency of damage and repair of the protective net, and significantly improve the overall economic benefits of the project.

9. A multi-purpose outward-inclined horizontal passive protection method, characterized in that: Utilizing the multi-purpose outward-inclined horizontal passive protection net described in any one of claims 6-7, When the horizontal support column (4) can fit the steep slope, the protective net (10) also fits the steep slope, achieving the protective function; When the horizontal support column (4) is pulled by the upward anchor rope (11), the protection net is designed so that the falling rocks can escape from the protection net by rebounding or rolling after being intercepted and fall safely into the area outside the protection net, thereby preventing the falling rocks from accumulating on the protection net.

10. A multi-purpose outward-inclined horizontal passive protection method as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: The spring (204) can provide elastic force to dissipate energy of falling rocks, thereby reducing damage to the horizontal support column and the protective net.

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