Garbage waste post-treatment method

Abstract

The invention discloses a garbage waste post-treatment method which comprises the following steps: S1, a pretreatment stage: stacking garbage wastes, and collecting all the garbage wastes together to form a garbage heap; s2, a biodegradation stage: harmful substances in the garbage heap are filtered, and fermentation flora is added to realize biodegradation; s3, a waste recovery stage: carrying out secondary treatment and utilization on the filtered filtrate and the fermented biogas; and S4, a resource utilization stage: carrying out resource utilization or safe landfill treatment on the residual solid residues. The garbage waste is accumulated in the garbage pit, the garbage waste is primarily decomposed through biochemical reaction, final decomposition is carried out through incineration of a power plant, the content of the garbage waste is reduced, and reutilization of the final garbage waste can be promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of garbage disposal, in particular to a garbage waste post-treatment method. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, the amount of garbage and waste has increased dramatically, and garbage disposal has become an urgent problem to be solved. The traditional landfill method is widely used because it is simple, easy to operate and low-cost. However, this method has serious environmental problems. During the landfill process, the garbage gradually decomposes under the action of microorganisms, producing a large amount of leachate. These leachates contain toxic and harmful substances such as heavy metals and organic pollutants. If not handled properly, they will seriously pollute the surface water and groundwater systems, posing a threat to the ecological environment and human health. At the same time, the harmful gases (such as methane, hydrogen sulfide, etc.) produced by decomposition under anaerobic conditions inside the landfill not only have a bad smell, but may also escape to pollute the atmospheric environment, affecting the quality of life and ecological security of surrounding residents.

[0003] In order to solve these problems, domestic and foreign scholars and engineers have conducted a lot of research and practice. However, existing waste treatment technologies, such as incineration and composting, can reduce environmental pollution to a certain extent, but there are still some limitations. For example, although incineration technology can significantly reduce the volume of garbage, it will produce a large amount of air pollutants and ash, and the treatment cost is relatively high; composting technology is suitable for the treatment of organic waste, but it is not effective for the treatment of inorganic waste and hazardous waste.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a waste post-treatment method that can effectively reduce landfill environmental pollution and realize resource utilization. The present invention is proposed based on this demand. Through a series of innovative technical means, it realizes the harmlessness, reduction and resource utilization of waste, providing a new solution for the field of waste treatment. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a method for post-processing of garbage waste, which reduces the content of garbage waste and promotes the reuse of the final garbage waste by piling up the garbage waste in a garbage pit, using biochemical reactions to preliminarily decompose the garbage waste, and using incineration in a power plant for final decomposition.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0007] A method for post-processing garbage and waste, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1, pre-processing stage: landfill the garbage and waste, collect all the garbage and waste together to form a garbage pile;

[0009] S2, biodegradation stage: filter out harmful substances in the garbage dump and add fermentation bacteria to achieve biodegradation;

[0010] S3, waste recovery stage: secondary treatment and utilization of filtered filtrate and fermented biogas;

[0011] S4, resource utilization stage: the remaining solid residues are recycled or safely landfilled.

[0012] Preferably, in step S1, the garbage pile needs to be filled into a garbage pit, the bottom and side walls of the garbage pit are padded with clay layers respectively, and a waterproof membrane is laid on top of the clay layer; a filter is provided above the waterproof membrane, a pumping pipe is provided between the filter and the waterproof membrane, and the pumping pipe is fixedly connected and communicated with an external purification device; the purification device is fixedly connected and communicated with a power plant; an air guide component is inserted into the garbage pile, and the air guide component is fixedly connected and communicated with the power plant.

[0013] Preferably, the air guide assembly includes an air guide pipe, one end of which is fixedly connected to and communicated with the power plant, the other end of which passes through the garbage dump and is arranged above the filter, a plurality of through holes are provided on the outside of the air guide pipe, an air guide cylinder is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the air guide pipe, and the air guide cylinder is a metal wire mesh of 100-300 mesh; the top end of the air guide cylinder is transmission-connected to a motor, and the motor is fixedly connected to the top end of the inner cavity of the air guide pipe; the bottom surface of the air guide pipe and the bottom surface of the air guide cylinder are communicated with the inner cavity of the garbage pit.

[0014] Preferably, in step S2, the fermentation bacteria community is introduced through the top end of the air duct and is filled into the inner cavity of the air duct several times during the insertion of the air duct; the fermentation bacteria community ferments the organic matter in the garbage dump in a closed environment to generate biogas which enters the air duct and is exported to the power plant for incineration.

[0015] Preferably, in step S3, the filtrate is filtered through the purification device to remove heavy metals and salts contained in the filtrate, and the purified filtrate is introduced into the garbage dump to be supplied to the fermentation bacteria for biochemical utilization.

[0016] Preferably, in step S4, the garbage pile that has undergone sufficient reaction is introduced into the power plant that utilizes garbage incineration through engineering machinery, and the residue after incineration in the power plant is then introduced into a crushing device for crushing, and then centrally landfilled, and new garbage and waste are introduced into the garbage pit again to realize the recycling treatment of garbage and waste.

[0017] Preferably, the surface of the garbage pile is also paved with a sealed curtain, and the air duct is arranged through the curtain.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0019] The present invention accumulates garbage waste in a garbage pit, filters through a filter screen, separates a large amount of filtrate accumulated in the garbage heap from solid waste, and then filters heavy metals, salts and other harmful substances in the filtrate through a purification device to avoid accumulation in the garbage waste and affecting the biochemical reaction of the fermentation flora. Through the biochemical reaction of the fermentation flora, the organic matter in the garbage heap is fully decomposed and combustible biogas is formed, which is introduced into the power plant by the gas guide component for incineration and power generation. The garbage heap that has undergone sufficient reaction will have residual solids that cannot be decomposed, which are then introduced into the power plant for incineration, and the combustibles that cannot be biochemically decomposed in the garbage heap are fully decomposed. The remaining residue is further reduced in volume by crushing, which is convenient for landfilling these residues in the later stage, thereby reducing the land area occupied by garbage disposal. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the gas guide component;

[0023] Among them, 1. garbage dump; 2. garbage pit; 3. clay layer; 4. waterproof membrane; 5. filter screen; 6. pumping pipe; 7. power plant; 8. air duct; 9. through hole; 10. air cylinder; 11. motor; 12. curtain; 13. exhaust pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0025] It should be noted that all components in the technical solution of this application require the necessary additional facilities of water supply, oil supply, electricity supply and gas supply to be driven and / or controlled. If there is no further explanation, it is assumed that the existing technology is used and equipped without special explanation.

[0026] It should be noted that, in order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] Depend on Figure 1-2 A method for post-processing of garbage and waste is shown, comprising the following steps:

[0028] S1, pre-processing stage: landfilling the garbage and waste, collecting all the garbage and waste together to form a garbage pile 1;

[0029] S2, biodegradation stage: filtering harmful substances in the garbage pile 1 and adding fermentation bacteria to achieve biodegradation;

[0030] S3, waste recovery stage: secondary treatment and utilization of filtered filtrate and fermented biogas;

[0031] S4, resource utilization stage: the remaining solid residues are recycled or safely landfilled.

[0032] Further optimization scheme, in step S1, the garbage pile 1 needs to be filled into the garbage pit 2, the bottom and side walls of the garbage pit 2 are respectively padded with clay layers 3, and a waterproof membrane 4 is laid on top of the clay layer 3. The clay layer 3 and the waterproof membrane 4 can isolate the connection between the garbage pit 2 and the earth, and prevent the filtrate in the garbage pile 1 from seeping into the earth, thereby polluting the land and causing environmental damage. At the same time, laying the clay layer 3 and the waterproof membrane 4 can form a container in the garbage pit 2 to concentrate the filtrate, so that it is convenient for the pumping pipe 6 to be led out to the purification device. A filter screen 5 is arranged above the waterproof membrane 4, and a pumping pipe 6 is arranged between the filter screen 5 and the waterproof membrane 4. The pumping pipe 6 is fixedly connected and connected to the external purification device; the purification device is fixedly connected and connected to the power plant 7; an air guide component is inserted into the garbage pile 1, and the air guide component is fixedly connected and connected to the power plant 7.

[0033] Furthermore, the purification device can filter and soften the heavy metal ions and salts in the filtrate, thereby achieving the enrichment of toxic and harmful substances, which is convenient for centralized treatment at a later stage. At the same time, the purified water can be reintroduced into the garbage pit 2 to supply the fermentation bacteria for biochemical reactions. At the same time, it can also facilitate the use of water in the power plant 7. The purification device is a prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0034] Further optimization scheme, the air guide assembly includes an air guide pipe 8, one end of the air guide pipe 8 is fixedly connected and communicated with the power plant 7, the other end of the air guide pipe 8 passes through the garbage pile 1 and is arranged above the filter 5, a plurality of through holes 9 are opened on the outside of the air guide pipe 8, and the inner cavity of the air guide pipe 8 is rotatably connected with an air guide cylinder 10, and the air guide cylinder 10 is a 100-300 mesh metal wire mesh. The through holes 9 can facilitate the filtrate and gas to enter the inner cavity of the air guide pipe 8. At the same time, the air guide cylinder 10 can isolate a large amount of solid garbage to avoid blockage. The outer side of the air guide cylinder 10 is frictionally and slidably connected to the inner wall of the air guide pipe 8, and the friction cutting between the air guide cylinder 10 and the edge of the through hole 9 can realize the scraping of the solid slag that is accumulated and blocked on the outside of the air guide cylinder 10 to avoid affecting the entry of the filtrate and gas. The top of the air guide cylinder 10 is connected to a motor 11, which is fixedly connected to the top of the inner cavity of the air guide pipe 8. A gap is provided between the motor 11 and the inner wall of the air guide pipe 8 to facilitate the biogas to be discharged from the top of the air guide pipe 8. The bottom surface of the air guide pipe 8 and the bottom surface of the air guide cylinder 10 are connected to the inner cavity of the garbage pit 2.

[0035] Furthermore, the top end of the inner cavity of the air guide tube 8 is fixedly connected to the motor 11 via a first connecting plate, and the motor 11 is fixedly connected to the air guide cylinder 10 via a second connecting plate, and the motor 11 is used to drive the air guide cylinder 10 to rotate.

[0036] To further optimize the solution, in step S2, the fermentation bacteria are introduced through the top of the air duct 8, and are filled into the inner cavity of the air duct 8 several times during the insertion process of the air duct 8; the fermentation bacteria ferment the organic matter in the garbage dump 1 in a closed environment to generate biogas, which enters the air duct 8 and is exported to the power plant 7 for incineration. By adding the fermentation bacteria in batches, the fermentation bacteria can be implanted at different heights of the garbage dump 1, which is beneficial to the diffusion of the fermentation bacteria and improves the biochemical decomposition of the garbage dump.

[0037] To further optimize the solution, in step S3, the filtrate is filtered through a purification device to remove heavy metals and salts contained in the filtrate, and the purified filtrate is introduced into the garbage pile 1 to be supplied to the fermentation bacteria for biochemical utilization. During the biochemical decomposition of the garbage pile by the fermentation bacteria, the components of easily decomposable organic waste such as kitchen waste will be gradually reduced. At the same time, the purified water can provide the fermentation bacteria with biochemical reactions, thereby improving the activity of the fermentation bacteria and preventing the filtrate containing heavy metal salts from poisoning the fermentation bacteria.

[0038] To further optimize the solution, in step S4, the fully reacted garbage pile 1 is introduced into the power plant 7 utilizing garbage incineration by engineering machinery, and the residues after incineration in the power plant 7 are introduced into the crushing equipment for crushing, and then centralized landfill is carried out, and new garbage waste is introduced into the garbage pit 2 again to realize the recycling treatment of garbage waste.

[0039] According to a further optimization scheme, a sealed curtain 12 is laid on the surface of the garbage pile 1, and the air duct 8 is arranged through the curtain 12. The sealed curtain 12 can seal the surface of the garbage pile 1 to prevent the air pollution caused by the emission of a large amount of odor generated by the garbage pile 1, and can also avoid the loss of the generated biogas. At the same time, it can provide a good biochemical environment for the fermentation bacteria.

[0040] The working process of this embodiment is as follows:

[0041] After the garbage pit 2 is excavated, a clay layer 3 and a waterproof membrane 4 are laid on the bottom and side walls of the garbage pit 2 to avoid leakage of the filtrate. A large amount of domestic garbage is then transferred to the garbage pit 2 by a transport vehicle. The garbage waste will be accumulated on the top surface of the filter screen 5. As the amount of garbage waste gradually increases, the residual liquid inside it gradually penetrates into the bottom of the garbage pit 2 through the filter screen 5 under the squeeze of gravity. The filter screen 5 can isolate the garbage waste. At the same time, the water pump 6 will pump out the filtrate using a water pump and send it to the purification device. The purification device is used to remove impurities from the filtrate to reduce the heavy metal salt content, so as to facilitate the decomposition of the garbage waste by the fermentation bacteria. At the same time, the purified water is introduced into the garbage pit 2 again to flush the garbage waste, which can further reduce the heavy metals and salts in the garbage waste.

[0042] When garbage waste fills up the garbage pit 2, the garbage pile 1 is covered with a waterproof curtain 12 to prevent the volatilization of odor and the loss of fermented biogas. A number of exhaust holes are opened on the curtain 12, and an air duct 8 is inserted. When the air duct 8 is inserted to a certain depth, fermentation flora powder is put into the air duct 8. The fermentation flora powder will be introduced into a certain depth of the garbage pile 1 through the air duct 8. The air duct 8 is pulled out and reinserted to a deeper height than the previous time. The above operation is repeated to achieve the implantation of the fermentation flora.

[0043] During the biochemical reaction of the fermentation bacteria, biochemical water and biogas are also produced. The biochemical water and biogas enter the air guide pipe 8 through the through hole 9 and the pores on the side wall of the air guide cylinder 10, and the water flows downward onto the filter screen 5 due to gravity and is then extracted and reused. The biogas is led out from the top of the air guide pipe 8 to the power plant 7 for incineration and power generation.

[0044] The garbage pile 1 after biochemical decomposition is exported by engineering machinery into the boiler of the power plant 7 for incineration, and the combustibles therein are further decomposed. The residue after incineration can be used as backfill material and can also be decomposed again to reduce the occupied volume, which is conducive to secondary landfill and saves land use area.

[0045] The waste gas generated by the power plant 7 is purified by passing through lime and sodium bicarbonate to absorb the acidic gas in the waste gas, and then passes through an activated carbon filter layer to adsorb the heavy metal ions in the waste gas to achieve environmentally friendly emissions.

[0046] Furthermore, an exhaust pipe 13 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the filter screen 5 in the garbage pit 2. The exhaust gas discharged by the power plant 7 is pressurized by the blower and discharged into the garbage pit 2 through the exhaust pipe 13, transferring the heat in the exhaust gas to the garbage pit 2, thereby promoting the decomposition efficiency of the garbage pit 2 in the season with low temperature.

[0047] The above are only preferred specific implementations of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for post-processing garbage and waste, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, pre-processing stage: landfilling the garbage and waste, collecting all the garbage and waste together to form a garbage pile (1); S2, biodegradation stage: filtering harmful substances in the garbage pile (1) and adding fermentation bacteria to achieve biodegradation; S3, waste recovery stage: secondary treatment and utilization of filtered filtrate and fermented biogas; S4, resource utilization stage: the remaining solid residues are recycled or safely landfilled.

2. The method for post-processing of garbage and waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, a garbage pile (1) needs to be filled into a garbage pit (2), the bottom and side walls of the garbage pit (2) are respectively padded with clay layers (3), and a waterproof membrane (4) is laid on top of the clay layer (3); a filter screen (5) is arranged above the waterproof membrane (4), a water pumping pipe (6) is arranged between the filter screen (5) and the waterproof membrane (4), and the water pumping pipe (6) is fixedly connected to and communicated with an external purification device; the purification device is fixedly connected to and communicated with a power plant (7); an air guide component is inserted into the garbage pile (1), and the air guide component is fixedly connected to and communicated with the power plant (7).

3. The method for post-processing of garbage and waste according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air guide assembly comprises an air guide pipe (8), one end of which is fixedly connected to and communicated with the power plant (7), the other end of which passes through the garbage pile (1) and is arranged above the filter screen (5), a plurality of through holes (9) are provided on the outer side of the air guide pipe (8), the inner cavity of the air guide pipe (8) is rotatably connected to an air guide cylinder (10), and the air guide cylinder (10) is a metal wire mesh of 100-300 meshes; the top end of the air guide cylinder (10) is transmission-connected to a motor (11), and the motor (11) is fixedly connected to the top end of the inner cavity of the air guide pipe (8); the bottom surface of the air guide pipe (8) and the bottom surface of the air guide cylinder (10) are connected to the inner cavity of the garbage pit (2).

4. The method for post-processing of garbage and waste according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S2, the fermentation bacteria are introduced through the top end of the air duct (8) and are filled into the inner cavity of the air duct (8) several times during the insertion of the air duct (8); the fermentation bacteria ferment the organic matter in the garbage dump (1) in a closed environment to generate biogas, which enters the air duct (8) and is then led out to the power plant (7) for incineration.

5. The method for post-processing of garbage and waste according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S3, the filtrate is filtered through the purification device to remove heavy metals and salts contained in the filtrate, and the purified filtrate is introduced into the garbage dump (1) to be supplied to the fermentation bacteria for biochemical utilization.

6. The method for post-processing of garbage and waste according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S4, the garbage pile (1) that has been fully reacted is introduced into the power plant (7) that utilizes garbage incineration through engineering machinery. The residues after incineration in the power plant (7) are then introduced into a crushing device for crushing, and then centrally landfilled. New garbage and waste are then introduced into the garbage pit (2) to realize the recycling of garbage and waste.

7. The method for post-processing of garbage and waste according to claim 3, characterized in that: The surface of the garbage pile (1) is also paved with a sealed curtain (12), and the air guide pipe (8) is arranged to penetrate the curtain (12).

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