Method for hoisting and turning over aluminum ship body of ship

Abstract

The invention discloses a lifting and turning-over method for an aluminum ship hull of a ship, belongs to the technical field of ship hull lifting and turning-over, and solves the technical problems of long construction period and high labor cost of an existing lifting and turning-over scheme. The method comprises the following steps: welding an aluminum alloy hanger to a ship body for lifting and turning over, specifically, segmenting the aluminum ship body of the ship; determining a lifting and turning-over mode, arranging an aluminum alloy hanger, selecting an aluminum alloy hanger form, analyzing the strength of a lifting point position, and determining a lifting reinforcing form; the hoisting point area is reinforced before hoisting and turning over; welding an aluminum alloy hanger, checking the internal quality of a welding seam, and making mark points around the aluminum alloy hanger; hoisting and turning over the segmented ship body; checking the internal quality of a welding seam and the deformation condition of peripheral plates after hoisting and turning; and the form of the aluminum alloy hanger or the hanging point position or the reinforcing form is improved. And the aluminum alloy hangers are used for hoisting and turning over, so that the ship body building efficiency can be greatly improved, manpower and material resources are reduced, and benefits are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hull hoisting and turning over, and more specifically, to a method for hoisting and turning over an aluminum hull of a ship. Background Art

[0002] At present, the lifting scheme for aluminum hull sections or deckhouse sections is to use a steel channel steel base to fix the lower end of the entire aluminum hull section or deckhouse section to the base with angle steel and steel-aluminum thick plate drilled holes and bolted, lift the entire open surface, and concentrate the force points on the base for lifting and turning. This scheme requires about 54 meters of angle steel and 84 meters of channel steel to make the tooling. The construction team needs about 4 assemblers for five days, 2 welders for one day, and 1 grinding for two days to dismantle and assemble the tooling.

[0003] Or for the deckhouse sections with symmetrical door and window holes, the suspension rod is passed through the door and window holes, and the steel and aluminum thick plates are drilled and bolted to the suspension rod, and the force point is placed at the window, and the whole section is lifted for lifting and turning. This solution requires about 12 meters of Φ280*10 scrap steel pipes, four 10T hanging weights, etc. The construction team needs four assemblers for four days, one welder for one day, and one grinding for two days to dismantle and assemble the tools.

[0004] Although this type of lifting method is applicable to all aluminum hull sections, it requires a lot of reinforcement materials, which need to be dismantled and recycled after lifting. This will undoubtedly consume labor and materials, increase construction period and labor costs, and the weight of the tooling reinforcement materials themselves accounts for a large proportion, increasing the risk of lifting and turning operations.

[0005] However, the lifting, displacement and turning over of the aluminum hull sections or deckhouse sections of ships is an important task in the shipbuilding process. Reasonable lifting scheme design plays a vital role in the safety, construction quality and shortening of shipbuilding cycle in the shipbuilding process. Therefore, lifting operations are extremely important for shipyard construction, and the quality of its operation directly affects the efficiency of hull construction and product quality, and affects the benefits of the enterprise.

[0006] Based on this, it is necessary to adopt more effective methods based on the existing technological conditions to improve the efficiency of hull construction. Summary of the invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for lifting and turning over the aluminum hull of a ship, which can shorten the construction period and reduce labor costs.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention is: a method for lifting and turning over an aluminum hull of a ship, using an aluminum alloy lifting weight welded to the hull for lifting and turning over, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0009] Step 1. Divide the aluminum hull of the ship into sections according to the lifting equipment capacity and workshop facilities;

[0010] Step 2. First, determine the lifting and turning method of the segmented hull according to the weight center of gravity position of the segmented hull, the capacity of the lifting equipment and the conditions of the workshop facilities, and then arrange the aluminum alloy lifting brackets, select the aluminum alloy lifting bracket form, analyze the strength of the lifting point position and determine the lifting reinforcement form;

[0011] Step 3. Before the segmented hull is hoisted and turned over, the lifting point area is reinforced in a corresponding manner according to the structural characteristics of the segmented hull and the form of the aluminum alloy lifting bracket;

[0012] Step 4. Weld the aluminum alloy hanging bracket, check the internal quality of the weld of the aluminum alloy hanging bracket after the set time after welding, and make a mark point for studying deformation within the first set range around the aluminum alloy hanging bracket;

[0013] Step 5. Lift and turn over the segmented hull according to the procedure;

[0014] Step 6. After the lifting and turning over of the block hull is completed, check the internal quality of the weld of the aluminum alloy lifting bracket, and at the same time check the plate deformation of the block hull around the aluminum alloy lifting bracket according to the marked points, and make a record;

[0015] Step 7. Improve the form or position of the aluminum alloy lifting code or the reinforcement form according to the deformation of the plate to improve the lifting and turning quality of the next section of the hull.

[0016] As a further improvement, the enhanced form includes:

[0017] Strengthen the areas where the stress is high or the structure is weak and prone to deformation;

[0018] For the segmented hulls welded to the deck surface with aluminum alloy hangers, a reinforcement structure is added in each area where the aluminum alloy hangers are arranged to improve the strength and rigidity of the deck;

[0019] For the segmented hull with aluminum alloy hangers welded to the side outer plating, a reinforcement structure is added in each area where the aluminum alloy hangers are arranged to improve the strength and rigidity of the side outer plating;

[0020] For the segmented hull with aluminum alloy hangers welded to the outer wall, the thinner wall is locally strengthened;

[0021] The welds within the second set range around the aluminum alloy hanger are required to be fully welded, and the weld feet of the reverse structural fillet welds of the aluminum alloy hanger are required to be enlarged.

[0022] Furthermore, a T-shaped assembly or angle aluminum or elbow plate is added to the structural surface of the enclosure wall for temporary reinforcement to improve the longitudinal or transverse strength of the enclosure wall.

[0023] Furthermore, the width of the weld foot is required to be no less than 6 mm.

[0024] Furthermore, the set time is 24 hours.

[0025] Furthermore, the first setting range and the second setting range are both within a range of about half a meter around the aluminum alloy hanging bracket.

[0026] Furthermore, the coloring method is used to check the internal quality of the aluminum alloy hanger weld.

[0027] Furthermore, the aluminum alloy hanging bracket includes a hanging plate, a hanging hole is provided at the upper end of the hanging plate, two side walls of the hanging plate are parallel to each other, and side plates are respectively welded to the lower ends of the two side walls of the hanging plate.

[0028] Furthermore, the aluminum alloy hanging code includes a hanging plate, the front and rear faces of the upper end of the hanging plate are respectively provided with reinforcing plates, hanging holes are provided between the hanging plate and the front and rear reinforcing plates, the two side walls of the hanging plate extend outward respectively, and the lower ends of the two side walls of the hanging plate are respectively welded with side plates.

[0029] Furthermore, the aluminum alloy hanging code includes a hanging plate, the front and rear faces of the upper end of the hanging plate are respectively provided with reinforcing plates, the hanging plate is provided with a hanging hole, the front and rear reinforcing plates are both provided with an enlarged hole coaxial with the hanging hole, the diameter of the enlarged hole is larger than the diameter of the hanging hole, the two side walls of the hanging plate extend outward respectively, and the lower ends of the two side walls of the hanging plate are respectively welded with side plates.

[0030] Beneficial Effects

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0032] The aluminum alloy hanging weights of the present invention are installed during the segmented production of the aluminum hull of a ship and are removed after the segmented hulls are closed, which does not affect the overall progress. After being removed, the aluminum alloy hanging weights can be retained and reused four to five times, which greatly improves the efficiency of hull construction, reduces the labor intensity of workers, saves a lot of manpower and material resources, and creates more benefits for the company. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 A front view of an aluminum alloy hanging bracket used for a segmented hull of less than 3 tons in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of an aluminum alloy hanging bracket used for a segmented hull of less than 3 tons in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4This is a front view of the aluminum alloy hanging bracket used for the 3-10 ton segmented hull of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 It is a left side view of the aluminum alloy hanging weight used for the 3-10 ton segmented hull of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a front view of the aluminum alloy hanging bracket used for the 10-20 ton segmented hull of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 The left side view of the aluminum alloy hanging bracket used for the 10-20 ton segmented hull of the present invention.

[0040] Among them: 1-hanging plate, 2-hanging hole, 3-side plate, 4-reinforcement plate, 5-enlargement hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the specific embodiments in the accompanying drawings.

[0042] The present invention is mainly applied to aluminum alloy hull sections or deckhouse sections, where the deck and side outer plates are only 4-6 mm thick, and the ability to withstand tensile stress is relatively weak, especially the weld strength of the structure is even worse. The yield strength of the steel weld is about 235N / mm2, while the weld strength of the aluminum structure is about 120N / mm2. Although the bearing strength of the aluminum lug weld is difficult to meet the strength and rigidity requirements of the large hull section turning over, for small aluminum alloy sections (generally less than 20 tons), the turning over weight is relatively light, and the aluminum lug can be used to turn over, and there is no problem with safety.

[0043] See also Figure 1 to Figure 7 A method for lifting and turning over an aluminum hull of a ship, using an aluminum alloy lifting bracket welded to the hull for lifting and turning over, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0044] Step 1. Divide the aluminum hull of the ship into sections according to the lifting equipment capacity and workshop facilities. The number of sections should be as small as possible, or the number of sections should be as conducive to subsequent processing as possible;

[0045] Step 2. First, determine the lifting and turning method of the segmented hull according to the weight center of gravity of the segmented hull, the capacity of the lifting equipment and the conditions of the workshop facilities. The lifting and turning method should take the least time as the principle, and then arrange the aluminum alloy lifting brackets, select the aluminum alloy lifting bracket form, analyze the strength of the lifting point position and determine the lifting reinforcement form to ensure smooth lifting and turning;

[0046] Step 3. Before the segmented hull is hoisted and turned over, the lifting point area is reinforced in a corresponding manner according to the structural characteristics of the segmented hull and the form of the aluminum alloy lifting bracket;

[0047] Step 4. Welding the aluminum alloy hanging bracket, checking the internal quality of the weld of the aluminum alloy hanging bracket after a set time after welding, and making a mark point for studying deformation within a first set range around the aluminum alloy hanging bracket; preferably, the set time is 24 hours, the first set range is about half a meter around the aluminum alloy hanging bracket, and the internal quality of the weld of the aluminum alloy hanging bracket is checked by coloring;

[0048] Step 5. Lift and turn over the segmented hull according to the procedure;

[0049] Step 6. After the lifting and turning over of the block hull is completed, check the internal quality of the weld of the aluminum alloy hanging weight. Similar to step 4, check the internal quality of the weld of the aluminum alloy hanging weight by coloring. At the same time, check the plate deformation of the block hull around the aluminum alloy hanging weight according to the marked points and keep records.

[0050] Step 7. Improve the form or position of the aluminum alloy lifting code or the reinforcement form according to the deformation of the plate to improve the lifting and turning quality of the next section of the hull.

[0051] In order to improve the structural strength and rigidity during segmented lifting, the reinforcement forms include:

[0052] (1) Strengthen the areas where the stress is high or the structure is weak and prone to deformation.

[0053] (2) For the sectional hull welded to the deck surface with aluminum alloy lifting brackets, the force is transmitted through several points of the lifting brackets on the deck during lifting, and the upper deck is relatively thin. In order to reduce the deformation of the deck during lifting, a reinforcement structure can be added in each area where the aluminum alloy lifting brackets are arranged to improve the strength and rigidity of the deck. At the same time, in order to ensure the effective transmission of force, a T-shaped assembly or angle aluminum or bracket is added below the aluminum alloy lifting brackets (bottom) to achieve connection and play a role in fixing and strengthening. These structures also effectively reduce the concentrated stress and deformation of the hull structure during lifting.

[0054] (3) For the segmented hull with aluminum alloy hangers welded to the side shell, similar to the reinforcement form (2) above, a reinforcement structure is added in each area where the aluminum alloy hangers are arranged to improve the strength and rigidity of the side shell.

[0055] (4) For the segmented hull with aluminum alloy hangers welded to the outer wall, local reinforcement is performed on the relatively thin wall. T-shaped assemblies, angle aluminum or brackets can be added to the structural surface of the wall for temporary reinforcement to improve the longitudinal or transverse strength of the wall.

[0056] (5) The welds within the second setting range around the aluminum alloy hanger are required to be fully welded, and the fillet welds on the reverse side of the aluminum alloy hanger are required to have larger weld feet. The width of the weld feet is required to be no less than 6mm. The second setting range is about half a meter around the aluminum alloy hanger.

[0057] In this embodiment, when the weight of the segmented hull is less than 3 tons, the aluminum alloy hanging code includes a hanging plate 1, a hanging hole 2 is provided at the upper end of the hanging plate 1, two side walls of the hanging plate 1 are parallel to each other, and side plates 3 are respectively welded to the lower ends of the two side walls of the hanging plate 1.

[0058] When the weight of the segmented hull is 3-10 tons, the aluminum alloy hanging code includes a hanging plate 1, and reinforcing plates 4 are respectively provided on the front and rear surfaces of the upper end of the hanging plate 1. A hanging hole 2 is provided between the hanging plate 1 and the front and rear reinforcing plates 4. The two side walls of the hanging plate 1 extend outward respectively, and the lower ends of the two side walls of the hanging plate 1 are respectively welded with side plates 3.

[0059] When the weight of the segmented hull is 10-20 tons, the aluminum alloy hanging code includes a hanging plate 1, and the front and rear surfaces of the upper end of the hanging plate 1 are respectively provided with reinforcing plates 4, the hanging plate 1 is provided with a hanging hole 2, and the front and rear reinforcing plates 4 are both provided with an enlarged hole 5 coaxial with the hanging hole 2, and the diameter of the enlarged hole 5 is larger than the diameter of the hanging hole 2, and the two side walls of the hanging plate 1 extend outward respectively, and the lower ends of the two side walls of the hanging plate 1 are respectively welded with side plates 3.

[0060] As long as the thickness of the outer plate or deck plate is not less than 4mm and the weight of the section is within the appropriate range, the lifting and turning scheme of the present invention can be adopted. For the hull sections or deckhouse sections of different products, the center of gravity weight during lifting and turning needs to be fully considered. According to the structural characteristics of the sections, the capacity of the lifting equipment and the conditions of the workshop facilities, the arrangement and form of the lifting weights are selected, and sufficient reinforcement is taken before the sections are lifted and turned over, so as to make a reasonable process design scheme.

[0061] The lifting and turning scheme of the present invention can be used on aluminum alloy hull sections or aluminum alloy deckhouses, or even on smaller aluminum alloy ships, as long as the thickness of the outer plate or deck plate is not less than 4 mm and the weight of the section is within an appropriate range. The aluminum alloy lifting weights are installed during the production process of the aluminum alloy hull sections and removed after the sections are closed. This does not affect the overall progress, and the lifting weights can be retained and reused four to five times after being removed. The design and application of the lifting process scheme of the present invention greatly improves the efficiency of hull construction, reduces the labor intensity of workers, saves a lot of manpower and material resources, and creates more benefits for the company.

[0062] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the structure of the present invention, which will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent.

Claims

1. A method for lifting and turning over an aluminum hull of a ship, characterized in that: The aluminum alloy lifting bracket is welded to the hull for lifting and turning over, which specifically includes the following steps: Step 1. Divide the aluminum hull of the ship into sections according to the lifting equipment capacity and workshop facilities; Step 2. First, determine the lifting and turning method of the segmented hull according to the weight center of gravity position of the segmented hull, the capacity of the lifting equipment and the conditions of the workshop facilities, and then arrange the aluminum alloy lifting brackets, select the aluminum alloy lifting bracket form, analyze the strength of the lifting point position and determine the lifting reinforcement form; Step 3. Before the segmented hull is hoisted and turned over, the lifting point area is reinforced in a corresponding manner according to the structural characteristics of the segmented hull and the form of the aluminum alloy lifting bracket; Step 4. Weld the aluminum alloy hanging bracket, check the internal quality of the weld of the aluminum alloy hanging bracket after the set time after welding, and make a mark point for studying deformation within the first set range around the aluminum alloy hanging bracket; Step 5. Lift and turn over the segmented hull according to the procedure; Step 6. After the lifting and turning over of the block hull is completed, check the internal quality of the weld of the aluminum alloy lifting bracket, and at the same time check the plate deformation of the block hull around the aluminum alloy lifting bracket according to the marked points, and make a record; Step 7. Improve the form or position of the aluminum alloy lifting code or the reinforcement form according to the deformation of the plate to improve the lifting and turning quality of the next section of the hull.

2. A method for lifting and turning over an aluminum hull of a ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: Enhanced forms include: Strengthen the areas where the stress is high or the structure is weak and prone to deformation; For the segmented hulls welded to the deck surface with aluminum alloy hangers, a reinforcement structure is added in each area where the aluminum alloy hangers are arranged to improve the strength and rigidity of the deck; For the segmented hull with aluminum alloy hangers welded to the side shell, a reinforcement structure is added in each area where the aluminum alloy hangers are arranged to improve the strength and rigidity of the side shell; For the segmented hull with aluminum alloy hangers welded to the outer wall, the thinner wall is locally strengthened; The welds within the second set range around the aluminum alloy hanger are required to be fully welded, and the weld feet of the reverse structural fillet welds of the aluminum alloy hanger are required to be enlarged.

3. A method for lifting and turning over an aluminum hull of a ship according to claim 2, characterized in that: Temporary reinforcement is performed by adding T-shaped assemblies, angle aluminum or elbow plates to the structural surface of the enclosure to increase the longitudinal or transverse strength of the enclosure.

4. A method for lifting and turning over an aluminum hull of a ship according to claim 2, characterized in that: The width of the weld leg is required to be no less than 6mm.

5. The method for lifting and turning over the aluminum hull of a ship according to claim 2, characterized in that: The set time is 24 hours.

6. The method for lifting and turning over the aluminum hull of a ship according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first setting range and the second setting range are both within a range of about half a meter around the aluminum alloy hanging bracket.

7. A method for lifting and turning over an aluminum hull of a ship according to claim 2, characterized in that: The internal quality of the aluminum alloy hanger weld is checked by coloring.

8. A method for lifting and turning over an aluminum hull of a ship according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The aluminum alloy hanging bracket comprises a hanging plate (1), the upper end of the hanging plate (1) is provided with a hanging hole (2), the two side walls of the hanging plate (1) are parallel to each other, and the lower ends of the two side walls of the hanging plate (1) are respectively welded with side plates (3).

9. A method for lifting and turning over an aluminum hull of a ship according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The aluminum alloy hanging bracket comprises a hanging plate (1), the front and rear surfaces of the upper end of the hanging plate (1) are respectively provided with reinforcing plates (4), a hanging hole (2) is provided between the hanging plate (1) and the front and rear reinforcing plates (4), the two side walls of the hanging plate (1) respectively extend outwards, and the lower ends of the two side walls of the hanging plate (1) are respectively welded with side plates (3).

10. A method for lifting and turning over an aluminum hull of a ship according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The aluminum alloy hanging bracket comprises a hanging plate (1), the front and rear surfaces of the upper end of the hanging plate (1) are respectively provided with reinforcing plates (4), the hanging plate (1) is provided with a hanging hole (2), the front and rear reinforcing plates (4) are both provided with an enlarged hole (5) coaxial with the hanging hole (2), the diameter of the enlarged hole (5) is larger than the diameter of the hanging hole (2), the two side walls of the hanging plate (1) respectively extend outwards, and the lower ends of the two side walls of the hanging plate (1) are respectively welded with side plates (3).

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