Ecological revetment maintenance agent based on reed residues, preparation method and application

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological revetment maintenance agent based on reed residues, a preparation method and application, and belongs to the technical field of revetment construction. The curing agent is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 40 to 50 parts of reed extracting solution, 1 to 2 parts of fertilizer, 8 to 20 parts of polyaspartic acid, 0.1 to 0.3 part of calcium chloride, 0.2 to 0.5 part of sodium silicate and 1 to 3 parts of water. Uniformly mixing the reed extracting solution with a fertilizer and polyaspartic acid to obtain a premix; dissolving calcium chloride and sodium silicate in water, uniformly mixing, pouring into the premix, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture; and compressing the mixture into particles by adopting a granulating machine to obtain the ecological bank protection curing agent. The ecological bank protection curing agent prepared by the invention not only has the characteristics of reducing the nitrogen leaching loss of bank slope soil, increasing soil nutrients, promoting plant growth and the like, but also is rich in raw material source, green, pollution-free, simple to operate, low in cost and capable of realizing resource utilization of organisms.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of bank protection construction, and in particular to an ecological bank protection curing agent based on reed residues, a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Reed is one of the most common emergent plants in aquatic ecosystems. It is widely distributed in provinces and regions in the north and south of my country. It can grow well in still or flowing water in freshwater lakes, ditches, ponds, and inland waterways. It has the characteristics of a wide growth range, strong environmental adaptability, and fast reproduction. Reed itself has the ability to absorb nitrogen and phosphorus. It is an important emergent plant that reduces water pollution, has a strong ability to adsorb pollutants, and alleviates the degree of eutrophication of water bodies. It is widely used in engineering projects such as water pollution control and ecological environment protection. On the one hand, during the decomposition process of reed residues, nitrogen, phosphorus and other substances will be released into the water, increasing the COD concentration in the water and causing secondary pollution of the water; on the other hand, the reed residues themselves are also rich in organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrients required for crop growth. If they are discarded at will and allowed to rot and decompose, it will not only increase the risk of water pollution, but also cause a large amount of waste of resources.

[0003] Ecological revetment is an artificial revetment with the characteristics of a natural river bank, which is formed by comprehensively utilizing plants and artificial materials to protect the river slope on the basis of traditional revetment. It has the functions of preventing river bank collapse, retaining flood water and replenishing drought, reducing pollution, conserving water resources, and beautifying the landscape. Ecological revetment is the demand of modern people who are eager to live in harmony with nature, and the quality of revetment soil is the basis and key to building an ecological barrier for revetment. In the existing river bank revetment construction, ecological revetment has problems such as low soil strength and poor nutrition. The revetment has weak ability to withstand rainwater erosion, especially in heavy rain or rainstorm, which is very easy to cause soil erosion and increase the non-point source pollution load of the water body. In addition, due to problems such as poor nutrition, plants grow slowly, and vegetation is easily degraded, and the ability to conserve water resources and degrade pollutants is poor. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on the above technical problems, the present invention proposes an ecological bank protection and maintenance agent based on reed residues, a preparation method and application of the ecological bank protection and maintenance agent.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] An ecological bank protection agent based on reed residues is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of reed extract, 1-2 parts of fertilizer, 8-20 parts of polyaspartic acid, 0.1-0.3 parts of calcium chloride, 0.2-0.5 parts of sodium silicate and 1-3 parts of water.

[0007] Preferably, the components are composed as follows in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of reed extract, 1-2 parts of fertilizer, 8-10 parts of polyaspartic acid, 0.1 parts of calcium chloride, 0.25 parts of sodium silicate and 1 part of water.

[0008] Preferably, the reed extract is obtained by the following steps: drying the collected reeds, crushing and sieving to obtain powder of ≤500 μm; mixing the powder with water, heating and stirring for extraction, and filtering to obtain the reed extract.

[0009] Preferably, the reeds are plant bodies and / or residues of reeds at different growth stages.

[0010] Preferably, the fertilizer is a slow-release fertilizer.

[0011] The method for preparing the ecological bank protection agent based on reed residues as described above comprises the following steps:

[0012] (1) washing the collected reed plant bodies and / or reed residues, drying them, crushing them with a grinder, and passing them through a 40-mesh sieve to obtain powder with a particle size of ≤500 μm;

[0013] (2) mixing the powder obtained in step (1) with water, heating and stirring for extraction, and filtering to obtain a reed extract;

[0014] (3) mixing 40-50 parts of reed extract, 1-2 parts of fertilizer, and 8-10 parts of polyaspartic acid to obtain a premix;

[0015] (4) dissolving 0.1 parts of calcium chloride and 0.25 parts of sodium silicate in 1 part of water, mixing well, pouring into the premix obtained in step (3), stirring well, to obtain a mixture;

[0016] (5) The mixture obtained in step (4) is compressed into granules by a granulating machine to obtain an ecological bank protection agent.

[0017] Preferably, in step (1), the reeds are plant bodies and / or residues of reeds at different growth stages, and the drying temperature is 40-50°C.

[0018] Preferably, in step (2), the volume ratio of powder to water is 1:20-1:50, the heating and stirring temperature is 40-90° C., and the extraction time is 30-90 min.

[0019] Preferably, in step (5): the diameter of the particles is 1-10 mm.

[0020] As mentioned above, the application of the ecological bank protection agent based on reed residues in ecological bank protection is as follows: the ecological bank protection agent particles are evenly mixed with 5-10 cm layer of soil, applied at 1-1.5 tons per mu, and the grass is planted at a depth of 2-6 cm.

[0021] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] The granular bank slope maintenance agent or ecological bank slope maintenance agent prepared by the present invention has the following main functions: (1) promoting the bonding and cohesion of colloidal matter in bank slope soil, effectively enhancing soil strength and anti-scouring ability, reducing nitrogen leaching loss, and improving water and soil conservation capacity; (2) making full use of organic matter and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients in aquatic plant residues to improve the water and fertilizer conservation capacity of bank slope soil; (3) promoting the increase of crop nutrient absorption and growth capacity, and improving the vegetation coverage rate of bank slope; this not only reduces the pollutant load entering the water body, but also enhances the vegetation's ability to degrade pollutants, achieving multiple effects of water and soil conservation, non-point source pollution prevention and control, and ecological environment protection.

[0023] The mechanism of action and advantages of the bank slope curing agent of the present invention are as follows: (1) Reeds are widely distributed in freshwater lakes, ponds, inland waterways and other still or flowing water bodies in the north and south of my country. Improper disposal of aquatic plant residues can easily cause secondary pollution. However, the living body or residues of reeds themselves contain rich organic matter and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients. Effective use of reed residues can not only prevent environmental pollution, but also realize the utilization of biomass resources. (2) Reed extract contains protein, lignin, cellulose, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other material components, which provide necessary nutrients for the growth of bank slope crops and effectively promote plant growth. (3) Polyaspartic acid is a non-toxic, pollution-free, and completely degradable water-soluble biomimetic polymer. After the curing agent is applied to the soil, polyaspartic acid can effectively increase the soil aggregate structure, reduce soil nitrogen leaching, and effectively enrich soil nutrients, promoting plant absorption of nutrients and self-growth. (4) The fertilizer used in the present invention is preferably a slow-release fertilizer, which can slow down or control the nutrient release rate and effectively promote the growth of bank slope plants. (5) After calcium chloride and sodium silicate are added to the soil, sodium ions and calcium ions form silica gel between soil particles and on their surfaces through ion exchange chemical reactions, which can effectively increase soil strength, improve the ability of bank protection against scour, and prevent soil erosion. (6) The slope curing agent is processed into 1-10 mm particles, and the granulated curing agent is easy to package, store and transport. (7) The granular curing agent of the present invention has high safety and degradability, low production and processing costs, and is suitable for large-scale promotion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing an ecological bank protection agent based on reed residues;

[0025] Figure 2 is the UV-visible absorption spectrum of the reed extract obtained in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a particle size distribution diagram of the particles in the reed extract obtained in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention discloses an ecological bank protection maintenance agent based on reed residues, a preparation method and an application. The ecological bank protection maintenance agent is made of the following materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of reed extract, 1-2 parts of slow-release fertilizer, 15-20 parts of polyaspartic acid, 0.1 parts of calcium chloride, 0.25 parts of sodium silicate and 1 part of water. The ecological bank protection soil maintenance agent provided by the present invention can not only promote the coagulation of colloid matter in bank slope soil, enhance soil strength, resist rain erosion, but also provide plants with nutrients necessary for growth. The maintenance agent of the present invention can not only make full use of the organic matter and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients of reed waste, improve the soil's ability to retain water and fertilizer, but also reduce soil nitrogen leaching losses and promote crop growth, thereby improving the bank slope soil's anti-erosion ability and vegetation coverage, and achieving the effects of efficient utilization of waste biomass in water bodies and bank slope ecological repair and environmental management.

[0028] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments:

[0029] Example 1

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the collected reed plants and / or reed residues at different growth stages are washed, dried at 40°C, crushed by a grinder, and passed through a 40-mesh sieve to obtain fine reed powder of ≤500 μm. The reed powder is mixed with water, with a volume ratio of powder to water of 1:20, and then heated and stirred for leaching, the heating and stirring temperature is 50°C, the leaching time is 60 minutes, and the reed extract is obtained after filtration.

[0031] The reed residues contain organic matter, potassium, nitrogen, phosphorus and other material components. The reed extract contains pectin, cellulose, lignin, potassium, nitrogen compounds and other components.

[0032] The UV-visible absorption spectrum of reed extract is shown in Figure 2 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that the extract has an obvious absorption peak at a wavelength of about 280nm, indicating the presence of protein in the reed extract. Figure 3 As shown, it can be seen that the particle size distribution of reed extract is relatively wide, mainly concentrated in the range of 48-11648nm, among which the particle size intensity is the largest in the range of 467-1515nm, and the average particle size is 3162.65nm.

[0033] Mix 50 parts of reed extract with 2 parts of slow-release fertilizer and 10 parts of polyaspartic acid and stir evenly to obtain a premix. Dissolve 0.1 parts of calcium chloride and 0.25 parts of sodium silicate in 1 part of water, mix evenly and pour into the premix, stir continuously until evenly mixed to obtain a mixture. Compress the mixture into particles with a particle size of 1-10 mm using a granulating machine to obtain an ecological bank protection agent.

[0034] Apply 1.5-2 tons of curing agent per acre of soil, mix the curing agent particles evenly with the soil from the surface to a depth of 5-10cm, and plant grass at a depth of 2-6cm.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] The collected reed plants and / or reed residues at different growth stages are washed, dried at 50°C, crushed by a grinder, and passed through a 40-mesh sieve to obtain fine reed powder of ≤500 μm. The reed powder is mixed with water at a volume ratio of 1:50, and then heated and stirred for leaching at a heating and stirring temperature of 70°C for 90 minutes, and then filtered to obtain a reed extract.

[0037] 40 parts of reed extract, 2 parts of slow-release fertilizer and 8 parts of polyaspartic acid are mixed and stirred evenly to obtain a premix. 0.1 parts of calcium chloride and 0.25 parts of sodium silicate are dissolved in 1 part of water, mixed evenly and poured into the premix, and stirred continuously until evenly mixed to obtain a mixture. The mixture is compressed into particles with a particle size of 1-10 mm using a granulating machine to obtain an ecological bank protection agent.

[0038] Evenly mix the ecological bank protection agent particles with the soil from the surface to the 5-10cm layer, apply 1.5-2 tons of the agent per acre of land, and plant grass at a depth of 2-6cm.

[0039] The comparison of the application effect of the ecological bank protection agent obtained in the above-mentioned Example 1 and Example 2 with that of adding only slow-release fertilizer is as follows:

[0040] The experimental site was selected at the bank protection of Fengxinzhuang artificial lake in Xiping County, Henan Province. The bank protection agent was evenly mixed with the bank soil at a layer of 5-10cm, and the bank protection agent was applied at 1.5-2.0 tons per mu. Comparative Example 1 only mixed the slow-release fertilizer with the soil. The nutrient indicators such as total nitrogen, available phosphorus, quick-acting potassium, and organic matter in the bank protection soil were determined with reference to "Soil Agricultural Analysis" (edited by Bao Shidan), and the water content of the bank soil was determined by the drying method (Bao Shidan. Soil Agricultural Analysis [M]. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2000: 46-48.). The control effect, that is, the influence of the application of the bank protection agent of the present invention on the physical and chemical properties of the bank soil is shown in Table 1:

[0041] Table 1

[0042]

[0043]

[0044] It can be seen that the present invention can effectively increase the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, organic matter and water content in the bank slope soil, effectively reduce the loss of nutrients in the bank slope soil, and improve the water and soil conservation capacity. Compared with the comparative example 1 in which only slow-release fertilizer was added, the total nitrogen, active phosphorus, potassium, organic matter and water content of the bank slope soil treated by the present invention increased by 75%, 68%, 42%, 55% and 43% respectively. It can be seen that the application of curing agents can effectively improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, increase soil nutrients and water content, and effectively improve the water and soil conservation and anti-leaching capacity of the bank slope. In addition, the application of this curing agent can effectively improve the irregular connection between the roots of soil plants and the soil, greatly improving the stability of the ecological bank protection.

[0045] The present invention is based on the concept of "using waste to treat waste" and prepares the waste reed residues into a bank protection and curing agent, which not only avoids secondary pollution of water bodies, but also increases the water and soil conservation capacity of the bank slope, and realizes the resource utilization of organisms. The ecological bank protection and curing agent or soil repair agent prepared by the present invention not only has the characteristics of reducing the loss of nitrogen leaching in the bank slope soil, increasing soil nutrients, and promoting plant growth, but also has abundant raw material sources, is green and pollution-free, simple to operate, low cost, and has obvious effects. It can be widely used in the fields of bank protection construction technology and ecological environmental protection engineering technology.

[0046] Based on the above embodiments, the present invention also has the following embodiments.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] The collected reed plants and / or reed residues at different growth stages are washed, dried at 40°C, crushed by a grinder, and passed through a 40-mesh sieve to obtain fine reed powder of ≤500 μm. The reed powder is mixed with water at a volume ratio of 1:30, and then heated and stirred for leaching at a heating and stirring temperature of 90°C for 30 minutes, and the reed extract is obtained after filtration.

[0049] 45 parts of reed extract, 1.5 parts of slow-release fertilizer and 9 parts of polyaspartic acid are mixed and stirred evenly to obtain a premix. 0.1 parts of calcium chloride and 0.25 parts of sodium silicate are dissolved in 1 part of water, mixed evenly and poured into the premix, and stirred continuously until evenly mixed to obtain a mixture. The mixture is compressed into particles with a particle size of 1-10 mm by a granulating machine to obtain an ecological bank protection agent.

[0050] Example 4

[0051] The collected reed plants and / or reed residues at different growth stages are washed, dried at 45°C, crushed by a grinder, and passed through a 40-mesh sieve to obtain fine reed powder of ≤500 μm. The reed powder is mixed with water at a volume ratio of 1:40, and then heated and stirred for leaching at a heating and stirring temperature of 80°C for 40 minutes, and the reed extract is obtained after filtration.

[0052] Mix 50 parts of reed extract with 2 parts of slow-release fertilizer and 15 parts of polyaspartic acid to obtain a premix. Dissolve 0.3 parts of calcium chloride and 0.5 parts of sodium silicate in 2 parts of water, mix well and pour into the premix, and stir continuously until uniformly mixed to obtain a mixture. Compress the mixture into particles with a particle size of 1-10 mm using a granulating machine to obtain an ecological bank protection agent.

[0053] Example 5

[0054] Crush the dried reeds through a 40-mesh sieve to obtain fine reed powder ≤500μm. Mix the reed powder with water, with the volume ratio of reed powder to water being 1:30, and filter to obtain a reed extract after heating and extraction. Mix 50 parts of reed extract with 1 part of fertilizer and 10 parts of polyaspartic acid and stir evenly to obtain a premix. Dissolve 0.1 parts of calcium chloride and 0.2 parts of sodium silicate in 1 part of water, mix evenly and pour into the premix, stirring continuously until evenly mixed to obtain a mixture. Compress the mixture into particles with a particle size of 1-10mm using a granulating machine; mix the particles evenly with 5-10cm layered soil, apply 1.5 tons per mu, and plant grass at a depth of 2-6cm.

[0055] Example 6

[0056] Crush the dried reeds through a 40-mesh sieve to obtain fine reed powder ≤500μm. Mix the reed powder with water, heat and extract, and filter to obtain a reed extract. Mix 40 parts of reed extract with 2 parts of fertilizer and 8 parts of polyaspartic acid to obtain a premix. Dissolve 0.1 parts of calcium chloride and 0.3 parts of sodium silicate in 1 part of water, mix well and pour into the premix, stirring continuously until evenly mixed to obtain a mixture. Compress the mixture into particles with a particle size of 1-10mm using a granulating machine; mix the particles evenly with 5-10cm layered soil, apply 1.5 tons per mu, and plant grass at a depth of 2-6cm.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Any modification, replacement, etc. made within the principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ecological bank protection agent based on reed residues, characterized in that: The curing agent is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of reed extract, 1-2 parts of fertilizer, 8-20 parts of polyaspartic acid, 0.1-0.3 parts of calcium chloride, 0.2-0.5 parts of sodium silicate and 1-3 parts of water.

2. The ecological bank protection agent based on reed residues according to claim 1, characterized in that: The components are composed as follows in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of reed extract, 1-2 parts of fertilizer, 8-10 parts of polyaspartic acid, 0.1 parts of calcium chloride, 0.25 parts of sodium silicate and 1 part of water.

3. The ecological bank protection agent based on reed residues according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reed extract is obtained by the following steps: drying the collected reeds, crushing and sieving to obtain powder with a size of ≤500 μm; mixing the powder with water, heating and stirring for extraction, and filtering to obtain the reed extract.

4. The ecological bank protection agent based on reed residues according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reeds are plant bodies and / or residues of reeds at different growth stages.

5. The ecological bank protection agent based on reed residues according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilizer is a slow-release fertilizer.

6. A method for preparing an ecological bank protection agent based on reed residues as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The following steps are involved: (1) washing the collected reed plant bodies and / or reed residues, drying them, crushing them with a grinder, and passing them through a 40-mesh sieve to obtain powder with a particle size of ≤500 μm; (2) mixing the powder obtained in step (1) with water, heating and stirring for extraction, and filtering to obtain a reed extract; (3) mixing 40-50 parts of reed extract, 1-2 parts of fertilizer, and 8-10 parts of polyaspartic acid to obtain a premix; (4) dissolving 0.1 parts of calcium chloride and 0.25 parts of sodium silicate in 1 part of water, mixing well, pouring into the premix obtained in step (3), stirring well, to obtain a mixture; (5) The mixture obtained in step (4) is compressed into granules by a granulating machine to obtain an ecological bank protection agent.

7. The method for preparing the ecological bank protection agent based on reed residues according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step (1), the reeds are plant bodies and / or residues of reeds at different growth stages, and the drying temperature is 40-50°C.

8. The method for preparing the ecological bank protection agent based on reed residues according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step (2), the volume ratio of powder to water is 1:20-1:50, the heating and stirring temperature is 40-90° C., and the leaching time is 30-90 min.

9. The method for preparing the ecological bank protection agent based on reed residues according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step (5): the diameter of the particles is 1-10 mm.

10. Use of the ecological bank protection agent based on reed residues as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 in ecological bank protection, specifically as follows: uniformly mix the ecological bank protection agent particles with 5-10 cm layer of soil, apply at a rate of 1-1.5 tons per mu, and plant grass at a depth of 2-6 cm.

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