319results about How to "Increase cation exchange capacity" patented technology

The invention relates to a fresh-keeping packaging material and products thereof, belonging to the technical field of packaging. The invention has the technical scheme that a certain proportion of mineral micropowder of kieselguhr or sepiolite or medical stone or bentonite or tephros or perlite and the like is doped into plastics of PE, PP, PVC and the like and paper pulp, and then the mixture is made into thin films, packaging paper or packaging bags or packaging boxes or packaging cases, trays and the like; the characteristics of dispersity, air permeability, adsorbability, far infrared ray and positive and negative ion function and the like of the mineral micropowder are utilized to enable the packaging material to generate micropores, and therefore, the packaging material has a certain air permeability and adsorbability or generates positive and negative ions or far infrared rays; gas and a small quantity of moisture which are generated from packaged articles are discharged from the micropores, and harmful gas is absorbed and transferred, and thereby, the heat value of the packaged articles can be effectively lowered; microbes are killed or restrained, thereby meeting the demands of keeping fresh of live and fresh food and prolonging storage life.

The invention discloses an organic-inorganic improvement fertilizer for saline-alkali soil and a preparation method thereof. The organic-inorganic improvement fertilizer is prepared from, 20-30 parts of bentonite, 20-30 parts of zeolite, 20-30 parts of flue gas desulfurization gypsum, 10-20 parts of dehydrated sludge, 20-30 parts of humic acid, 10-20 parts of coal ash, 20-30 parts of ardealite, 10-20 parts of peat, 10-20 parts of straw meal, 10-20 parts of animal waste, 2-8 parts of microbial inoculation bacteria and 2-5 parts of emulsified asphalt. The invention further provides a preparation method of the organic-inorganic improvement fertilizer for saline-alkali soil. According to the organic-inorganic improvement fertilizer, the physicochemical character of soil can be improved, soil permeability and moisture and fertilizer preservation can be improved, the soil ion exchange rate can be improved, the PH value can be buffered, the chemical fertilizer consumption can be reduced, the crop yield can be improved, the product quality can be improved, the soil improvement effect can be improved, and the soil improvement cycle can be shortened.

The invention provides an improvement method of saline alkali soil in North China areas. The method lies in that a soil improvement agent with an application rate of 300 to 400 kg/ hm<2> is applied in saline alkali soil, and the applied soil improvement agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45 to 50 parts of a mixture of humic acid and phospho gypsum, 8 to 10 parts of natural zeolite, 10 to 15 parts of straw powder, 15 to 20 parts of wormcast, 15 to 25 parts of a mixture of spartina alterniflora and sheep manure and 5 to 8 parts of diatomaceous earth. According to the improvement method of the saline alkali soil in North China areas, the PH value of the saline alkali soil treated through adopting the method is reduced by 0.85 above, the organic content of the soil is increased by 60% to 70%, and the crop yield is increased by 8.5% to 17.2%.

A natural multi-function mineral complex fertilizer is characterized in that the fertilizer is made from the raw materials with the following weight percentages: 28-33% of urea, 15-25% of monoammonium, 12-17% of potassium fertilizer, 30-45% of attapulgite powder and 5-10% of humic acid by the preparation method of the conventional fertilizer. The attapulgite powder is a nano-grade porous nonmetallic mineral substance with physical properties of strong adsorbability, cation exchange property, large specific surface area, and the like, wherein, the water absorption rate is equal to or more than 60%, the cation exchange capacity is equal to or more than 20mmol/100g, and the specific surface area is equal to or more than 120m<2>/g; meanwhile, the attapulgite powder is rich in various nutrient elements of potassium, phosphor, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, iron, copper, zinc, molybdenum, manganese, boron, iodine, selenium, and the like; the humic acid can inhibit the activities of urase, and slow down the decomposition of the urea, and the complex compound produced can gradually decompose and release nitrogen, thus prolonging the fertilizer efficiency. The natural multi-function mineral complex fertilizer has the advantages of being applicable to all crops, and realizes the aims of reducing the fertilizer consumption, enhancing the utilization ratio of the chemical fertilizer, reducing agricultural production cost, increasing the yield and quality of farm products, and improving the soil.

Ozonized biochar compositions and methods for creating advanced hydrophilic biochar materials are provided with higher cation exchange capacity, optimized pH, improved wettability, and free of potential toxic components. These ozonized biochar compositions are used as filtration materials, as biochar soil additives and as carbon sequestration agents to help control climate change for energy and environmental sustainability on Earth.

A method assembling straw biochar with microbe bacteria fertilizer so as to improve saline land relates to the saline land improvement method, and aims to solve the technical problems that an existing saline land cannot plant crops or the crops output is low; the method comprises the following steps: composting and fermenting an organic fertilizer so as to obtain decomposed organic fertilizer, uniformly mixing the straw biochar, the microbe bacteria fertilizer and the decomposed organic fertilizer according to weight ratio: 1-12:1:10-20, and piling up the mixture for preparation; uniformly throwing the straw biochar, the microbe bacteria fertilizer and the decomposed organic fertilizer mixing improvement material on the soil surface 0-2 days before soil working, and appilication amount is 1350kg/mu; doing intersect rotary tillage for 1-2 times after fertilizer application, rotary tillage depth is 12-15cm, immediately suppressing the soil after rotary tillage, and then sowing is carried out. The method is simple, modifiers are straw biochar and manure, the materials are easy to get, so cost is low; the improved saline land is obvious in effect; the method is suitable for saline land improvement.

The invention relates to a special carbon-based slow release nitrogen fertilizer for vegetable fields, which aims to solve the technical problem that the nutrient release of the existing nitrogen fertilizer is overquick. The slow release nitrogen fertilizer is prepared by taking 95-100 parts of nitrogen loaded biochar, 1-5 parts of attapulgite and 2-3 parts of calcium lignosulphonate as raw materials, stirring, drying, granulating the raw materials and the like. The special carbon-based slow release nitrogen fertilizer and the preparation method thereof disclosed by the invention have the positive beneficial effects that the nitrogen nutrient release duration is prolonged, and the coupling between nutrient release and crop demands is high, so that the leaching loss of nitrogen nutrients is lower, and the fertilizer utilization rate is improved; the slow release nitrogen fertilizer also has a function of improving the physical and chemical properties of soil of vegetable fields, and can increase the organic matter of soils and the cation exchange capacity and granular structure of soil, prevent the soil from hardening, and improve the hydrothermal condition of soil; used raw materials are wide in sources, cheap and easily available, and therefore, the slow release nitrogen fertilizer is low in production cost, and beneficial to realizing the ecological high-valued utilization of agricultural wastes.

The invention discloses a heavy metal polluted soil repairing agent with a high content of biocarbon and humus, and an application method thereof. The repairing agent is composed one or more of kitchen garbage, blue algae, livestock and poultry manure, straw, wood chip, rice husk, plant wastes, dead animal due to diseases and residual body of livestock and poultry. The raw materials mentioned above is subjected to steps of impurity removing, grinding, and proportioning, and then the mixture is subjected to a sub-critical water treatment for 90 to 150 minutes at a temperature of 180 to 360 DEG C under a pressure of 1.8 to 5.8 MPa so as to obtain the tail product; wherein the biocarbon content accounts for not less than 45% of the dry substrate, the total nutrient content is 4 to 6%, the amino acid content is not less than 20%, the humus content is not less than 40%, the trace element content is not less than 0.5%, and the pH value of the repairing agent is 5 to 7. The provided repairing agent can be used to repair polluted soil, and can also be used to treat the soil secondary salinization and hardened soil caused by over application of chemical fertilizer and pesticides. The organic solid waste pollutants are processed to produce the repairing agent, thus the environment pollution problem is solved, and at the same time, the biocarbon and humus in the tail product can repair and improve the soil polluted by metals, chemical fertilizers, and pesticides.

The invention relates to a method for preparing active carbon with high acid group content by using excess sludge in an urban sewage treatment plant and corn cobs, which comprises the following steps: impregnating the dried and ground sludge and corn cobs for a period of time by using a given amount of zinc chloride solution; after drying, putting the mixture into a muffle furnace for carbonization and activation at a certain temperature; and finally, washing and drying to obtain an excess sludge and corn cob mixture-based active carbon. The prepared active carbon has good adsorption property and high acid group content. The active carbon prepared by the method has the characteristics of cation exchange and strong hydrophilcity, and easily absorbs polar substances and metal ions.

The invention relates to modified coal ash used for treating ammonia nitrogen waste water, which is prepared by the following steps of: calcining NaOH and coal ash at a low temperature after NaOH and coal ash are uniformly mixed in proportion, cooling, grinding and sieving, then adding 1-5 times of water by weight, mixing, stirring, heating to the temperature of 70 DEG C and stopping stirring, gelling for 1.5-2 hours at constant temperature, then heating to the temperature of 100 DEG C, crystallizing for 3-4 hours at constant temperature, carrying out suction filtering, washing to be neutral with water, drying, cooling and then grinding and sieving, thus the modified coal ash is obtained. In the invention, NaOH low temperature calcining hydrothermal synthesis is adopted to modify the coal ash, the physical structure of the coal ash is destroyed, the modification time is shortened and a new zeolite mineral phase is generated under the condition of low alkali addition amount, the specific area of the coal ash is increased, and the cation exchange performance of the coal ash is improved. The modified coal ash provided by the invention is used for treating the ammonia nitrogen waste water, and the removing effect is obvious. By adopting the modified coal ash provided by the invention, wastes are treated with wastes, the resource utilization of wastes is realized, and the utilization factor of the coal ash is improved.

The invention relates to a method for preparing a slow-release fertilizer, in particular provides a method for dehydrating and conditioning sludge and preparing raw materials of the slow-release fertilizer. The method particularly comprises the following steps of: adding water-absorbing clay minerals, a mixture of water-absorbing macromolecular compounds and plant residues to dehydrated sludge ineach cubic meter, composting and fermenting for 10-15 days according to a conventional method, sequentially adding compounds formed by phosphoric acid radicals and ammonium ions and magnesium-containing alkaline substances in fermentation products, and mixing uniformly to obtain the raw materials for producing a slow-release type organic-inorganic compound fertilizer. The method for dehydrating and conditioning the sludge and preparing raw materials of the slow-release fertilizer, disclosed by the invention, is suitable for large-scale sludge dehydration treatment and also provides high-nutrient raw materials for the manufacturing of the slow-release fertilizer.

The invention belongs to the field of seaweed fertilizer and particularly relates to a preparation method of compound seaweed fertilizer. The preparation method comprises the processes of pretreatment, enzymolysis, microbiological treatment, drying and the like. According to the preparation method provided by the invention, fresh raw materials are treated in a low-temperature frozen-breaking manner, so that the active ingredients of seaweed can be effectively protected and the prepared compound seaweed fertilizer can be full of nutriments; by adoption of such a manner that a plurality of enzymes are combined, the macro-molecular sugar and protein ingredients in a seaweed homogenate can be effectively degraded and the extraction efficiency of soluble matters in the seaweed can be improved; and the compound seaweed fertilizer is prepared by utilizing enzymolysis compound microorganisms through fermentation, so that the active ingredients of the seaweed can be retained to the greatest extent, the efficacy of the compound seaweed fertilizer can be improved, and the relatively good application prospect can be achieved.

The invention provides a cryptomelane-based composite metal element catalyst, and a preparation method and application thereof. The cryptomelane-based composite metal element catalyst is prepared from acryptomelane-containing manganese oxide molecular sieve and a doping metal element, wherein the doping metal element enters a cryptomelane type manganese oxidemolecular sieve framework; the mole ratio of the manganese element in the cryptomelane type manganese oxidemolecular sieve to the doping metal element is (100 to 1) to (10 to 1); the cryptomelane type manganese oxide molecular sieve is obtained through the reaction of septivalence manganese and bivalent manganese; the mole ratio of the septivalence manganese to the bivalent manganese is (2 to 1) to (0.5 to 1). The cryptomelane-based composite metal element catalyst provided by the invention has high catalytic activity, and the usage of precious metal is not needed or reduced, so that the cost of the catalyst is greatly reduced; the catalyst has no need to be activated by utilizing hydrogen reduction, is simple in usage conditions, and can be widely applied in purification treatment of benzene-containing waste gas discharged by fixed sources such as a smelting plant, an oil refinery plant and a chemical plant.

The invention discloses a preparation method of brick for animal licking containing natural mineral, urea and molasses, which comprises proportioning, stirring, press forming, naturally airing and packaging. The charge mixture comprises urea, molasses, table salt, natural mineral additive and water. The product comprises nonprotein nitrogen compound, calcium, phosphor, sodium, chlorine, ferrum, copper, manganese, zinc, selenium and carbohydrate for supplying energy.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a biochar-like matter used for heavy metal contaminated soil repair, the method includes pretreatment of raw materials, mixed inoculation of raw material bacteria liquid, low temperature pyrolysis and charring, crushing, screening and other steps, the biochar-like matter is prepared from one or more of plant and animal residues, food market garbage or kitchen wet waste as the raw materials, and compared with the existing technology such as replacement, electrokinetic remediation, complexation leaching, steam extraction, oxidation reduction electric mechanical repair and the like, the biochar-like matter adopts in-situ remediation technology, and has the advantages of low manufacturing and implementation cost, stability and the like.

The invention relates to a saline-alkali soil conditioner, prepared from the following components by mass percent: 45-65% of desulfurized gypsum, 25-35% of humic acid and 5-30% of citric acid. The invention also relates to a preparation method and the application of the saline-alkali soil conditioner. The saline-alkali soil conditioner is prepared by blending the low-cost raw materials according to the specific proportion, is simple and convenient to use, and is capable of adjusting the pH of soil, increasing soil organic matters, promoting the formation of a soil aggregate structure and improving the permeability of the soil so as to comprehensively improve the saline-alkali soil from multiple points of view; therefore, the saline-alkali soil conditioner has wide popularization and application prospect.

The invention relates to a tobacco floating seedling substrate and a preparation method thereof. The substrate contains 40-50% of turf, 10-20% of carbonized corn stalk granule, 10-20% of expanded perlite and 10-20% of vermiculite. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: crushing sun-dried corn stalks into rough granules; placing the rough granules in a carbonization furnace for high-temperature carbonization; crushing and screening after cooling; uniformly mixing with the turf, the expanded perlite and the vermiculite according to the raw material proportion; and carrying out sterilization. The corn stalks selected in the invention have the advantages of rich sources, low cost, various available nutrients and stable physical and chemical properties; by using the corn stalks to replace partial turf, the prepared substrate is loose, air-permeable, stable in structure, good in air permeability and water holding capacity, proper in pH value and large in cation exchange capacity, and has the effects of effectively ensuring the quality of floating seedling, bringing benefit to the sustainable development of the floating seedling substrate production, greatly reducing the seedling cost, solving the problem of insufficient sterilization, avoiding disease generation and having wide application prospect in tobacco floating seedling production.

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural fertilizers and particularly relates to a special ecological fertilizer for a tea garden and a preparation method of the special ecological fertilizer. One of purposes of the invention is to provide the special ecological fertilizer. The special ecological fertilizer is prepared from urea, plant ash, potassium humate, ground phosphate rock, biomass charcoal, rape seed cake meal, livestock and poultry manure, a biological bacteria preparation, mushroom dreg and dry branches and fallen leaves of tea trees and has the advantages that the raw materials are easily available, the fertilizer is environment-friendly and energy-saving and contains balanced nutrients, the fertilizing amount can be substantially reduced, and the quality and yield of tea leaves can be improved. Another purpose of the invention is to provide the preparation method of the special ecological fertilizer for the tea garden. According to the preparation method, the special ecological fertilizer for the tea garden can be prepared by virtue of the most simple and convenient flow. The preparation method comprises the steps of preparing a primary material by virtue of an aerobic-underground high-temperature composting fermentation manner, and uniformly mixing the primary material with the urea, the ground phosphate rock and the biomass charcoal, so as to obtain the special ecological fertilizer for the tea garden.

The invention relates to a pavement crack repairing material, in particular to an environment-friendly type pavement heating sealant material which is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of petroleum asphalt, 7-10 parts of an SBS modifier, 5-8 parts of an SBR modifier, 10-30 parts of waste tire rubber powder, 3-8 parts of natural rock asphalt, 5-20 parts of a phase solvent, 1-4 parts of polyester fiber, 2-5 parts of lignin fiber, 0.1-0.5 part of a cross-linking agent and 10-30 parts of a filling material. The environment-friendly type pavement heating sealant material is adopted for sealing and repairing cracks and joints of common roads, expressways and airfield runways, permeation and fusion of a sealant with an asphalt pavement at high temperature can be achieved, and the environment-friendly type pavement heating sealant material is sufficient in elasticity and free of over-flowing or tire adhesion; after being cooled, the environment-friendly type pavement heating sealant material is good in binding power, and can have elastic deformation along with expansion and shrinkage of cracks due to the relatively good elasticity.

The natural mineral lick additive contains rich P, Ca, Mg, K, Na, S and other macro elements and trace elements. Its production process includes compounding materials, including attapulgite clay, bentonite, elite, diatomite, Chinese medicinal stone and shell; crushing; acidifying; activating; milling and packing. The natural mineral lick additive has high utilization rate of the effective components, capacity of promoting the growth of animal, excellent adhering and dispersing performances. It is suitable for producing various kinds of lick for ox, sheep, etc.

The invention discloses a supported biochar functional material and a preparation method thereof. The supported biochar functional material comprises a biomass and an inorganic salt loaded on the surface of the biomass; the biomass comprises a plant material; the inorganic salt comprises a phosphate and a magnesium salt. The preparation principle of the material is that complexation and precipitation of heavy metals, polar functional groups and mineral components are induced, so that the bio-availability of the heavy metals is reduced. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding the biomass into a mixed solution of the phosphate and the magnesium salt, carrying out mixing reaction, washing with water, drying, and carrying out high-temperature carbonization in an oxygen-free environment to obtain the supported biochar functional material. Due to polar functional groups, mineral components and cation exchange performance of the supported biochar functional material, theperformance on adsorbing heavy metals lead, cadmium and copper in water body is improved by 2-16 times, and the supported biochar functional material has a wide application prospect in the field of heavy metal polluted water body purification.