106results about How to "Reduce leaching loss" patented technology

The invention discloses a coated slow-release fertilizer and its preparation method, which is characterized by that, a layer of urea is sprayed and coated onto the surface of the composite fertilizer particles as a bottom covering, so as to form a release control layer of modified epoxy resin, this process can increase the nitrogen element content in the fertilizer.

The invention relates to a method for preparing polyurethane-polyurea coated fertilizer, comprising the following steps: dehydrating polyether polyol to obtain dehydrated polyether polyol, adding polyisocyanate to the dehydrated polyether according to the molar ratio of NCO to OH of 2-5, heating the temperature of the mixture of the dehydrated polyether and the polyisocyanate to 70-90 DEG C, making the mixture of the dehydrated polyether and the polyisocyanate react until the mass of NCO being 5-9 percent of the mass of the product of reaction, defoaming the product of reaction in vacuum to obtain -NCO-ended polyurethane prepolymer, filling fertilizer in a spray dryer, heating the fertilizer to 60 DEG C, mixing the polyurethane prepolymer with amine chain extender according to the mass ratio of 7-8:1 to obtain spraying liquid by controlling the fan frequency at 45 Hz, the nozzle atomization air pressure at 0.7-1.2 MPa, the inlet air temperature at 20-80 DEG C and the spray rate at 0.4-0.6 Kg/h, spraying the spraying liquid whose mass is 7-10 percent of the mass of the fertilizer on to the fertilizer, and curing the coating film to obtain the polyurethane-polyurea coated fertilizer.

The invention provides a highly active biological water preservation slow release compound fertilizer. The special compound fertilizer is prepared by compounding the ordinary fertilizer with microelements, then a certain amount moderate organic minerals, high water-absorbent resins, humic acids, and biological preparation are crushed and mixed into 100 mesh to 350 mesh to obtain compound powder preparation and subsequently the special compound fertilizer is placed into a granulator, and added with water with a mass ratio of 0.1 to 1 to the compound fertilizer. At last, the compound powder preparation is added into the granulator and the obtained mixtures are granulated and dried to obtain the highly active biological water preservation slow release compound fertilizer. The adoption of ordinary nitrogen, phosphor, and potassium as main materials, and mix of croelements according to requirements for soil fertilizer test and plants to adjust the formula, the highly active biological water preservation slow release compound fertilizer can enhance the effective utilization of fertilizer, lower the pollution to soil, and facilitate the growth of vegetables. The application of the product to the agricultural and forestry production can enhance the utilization of fertilizer by above 60 percent and lower the used amount of fertilizer by 50 percent, reduce the pollution to soil, and enhance the yield and quality of crops.

The invention provides a multiple-effect super absorbent resin fertilizer. In the manufacturing process, sodium hydrogen sulfite and ammonium persulfate oxidation-reduction type initiator are used as foundations, and ultraviolet initiation is used as an auxiliary means; N-N'-methylene bisacrylamide is used as a crosslinking foundation, and ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether and glycerol are used as auxiliary means; hydroxyethyl acrylate is added in the polymerized monomer, so that the colloid strength of the high molecular polymer is obviously improved; antioxidant, ultraviolet absorbent and light stabilizer are creatively introduced, thus finally manufacturing super absorbent resin having oxidation resistance, light resistance and degradation resistance; the super absorbent resin is organically combined with humic acid, microbial inoculant and an inorganic fertilizer to perform synergistic action, so that the various effective elements achieve the optimal use effect. Meanwhile, the consumption of the inorganic fertilizer is reduced, the salt content of soil is reduced, the pH value of the soil is improved, the soil environment is improved, and soil hardening is prevented, thus greatly increasing the utilization ratio of nitrogen fertilizers, phosphate fertilizers and potassium fertilizers, and achieving comprehensive effects of water saving, fertilizer saving, yield increase and outcome increase.

The invention discloses a multiple nutrient macromolecule slow release carbon-base fertilizer, the fertilizer is a compound with the following formula: in the formula: m and n represent the average degree of polymerization, M=1-7, n=50-200, and the fertilizer is prepared via polycondensation with polycarboureide and potassium dihydrogen phosphate as the raw material. The fertilizer molecules comprise a plurality of amide groups, when the fertilizer is applied into soil, the fertilizer slowly releases nutrient through self degradation, the degraded final product is bicarbonate radical ions andnitrogen, phosphor, and potassium nutrients capable of being absorbed and used by a plant, wherein the bicarbonate radical ions can be absorbed into the plant body via the root of the plant, and in aphotosynthesis with water to generate glucose, which is the main component of the carbon-base fertilizer; the elements of nitrogen, phosphor, and potassium can also be gradually converted to a water-soluble substance to be absorbed and used by the plant, preventing harmful substance from staying in soil, and the fertilizer is an environmentally-friendly green fertilizer.

The invention provides a method for matching and applying a nitrification inhibitor and biomass carbon to improve a nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate and an application thereof. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: smoldering crop straws to prepare the biomass carbon; and mixing dicyandiamide and the biomass carbon and applying the mixture into soil; and adding an ammonium nitrogen fertilizer. When the application amount of an ammonium state or an amide state is 200-400 mgN per kg of soil, the utilization amount of the dicyandiamide is 5-50 mg/kg and the utilization amount of the biomass carbon is 50 g per kg of the soil. The method comprises the following specific application steps of: mixing the biomass carbon and the dicyandiamide and applying the mixture on surface-layer soil to be sufficiently mixed with the soil; and then, applying a chemical nitrogen fertilizer according to a conventional method. The method utilizes the characteristic that the biomass carbon has the very strong adsorption capability on the nitrification inhibitor and the dicyandiamide; before a chemical fertilizer is applied, the biomass carbon and the dicyandiamide are mixed and applied into the soil; and the keeping time of the dicyandiamide in the soil is improved and the inhibition effect of a nitration reaction of converting ammonium nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen is prolonged, so that the leaching loss of nitrogen is reduced and the nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate is improved.

The invention discloses a special disease-resistant and drought-resistant yield-increasing fertilizer for large peaches. The fertilizer comprises the following components: soy meal, dry duck manure, urea, ammonium chloride, calcium nitrate, diammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, sodium selenate, ammonium molybdate, copper sulfate, zeolite, vermiculite, fly ash, malic acid, tartaric acid, sodium humate, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, cyanoguanidine, N-butyl thiophosphoric triamide, polyacrylamide, brassinolide and gibberellin. The special disease-resistant and drought-resistant yield-increasing fertilizer for large peaches contains various nutritional components, is reasonable in formula and suitable for the growth of large peaches, and is used for a peach planting process, various nutrients can be fully utilized, the disease resistance and drought resistance of large peaches are improved, and the quality of large peaches is improved.

The invention discloses a corn compound fertilizer. The corn compound fertilizer is composed of the following constituents in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of urea, 25-37 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 10-15 parts of dipotassium phosphate, 20-27 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 13-23 parts of straw, 7-16 parts of plant ash, 3-5 parts of basic zinc sulphate, 4-8 parts of humic acid, 7-10 parts of nitragin and 3-6 parts of water-retaining agent. The corn compound fertilizer disclosed by the invention has various different nutritional ingredients, can meet the needs of different periods on fertilizers during a corn growth process, has good drought-resisting and water-holding functions, and can effectively reduce the leaching losses thereof and increase the utilization rate thereof, thus reducing the application times thereof, reducing the application amount, avoiding waste, and avoiding the possibility of polluting the surrounding environment. The corn compound fertilizer is safe and environment-friendly, and free from pollution to soil and underwater.

The invention which discloses a special slow release fertilizer for corn zinc power and a preparation method thereof relates to the technical field of slow release fertilizers. The preparation method which follows a nutrient absorption rule of corn comprises the following steps: burdening heated short grained urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, chelated zinc, a urease inhibitor, a nitration inhibitor and bentonite according to a prescribed ratio, fusing urea at a high temperature, mixing, nozzle-granulating, cooling, screening, metering, and packaging. The special fertilizer has the advantages of reasonable nutrient distribution ratio, corn photosynthesis promotion, effective improvement of the absorption utilization rate of the fertilizer, and production cost saving.

The invention discloses compound microbial film-coated slow-release fertilizer, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-120 parts of fertilizer core, 2-3 parts of film-coated layer and 4-7 parts of composite microbial layer. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the compound microbial film-coated slow-release fertilizer. The compound microbial film-coated slow-release fertilizer has the advantages of being balanced in nutrition, long in effective living bacterium survival time, high in fertilizer utilization rate and stable in product quality,and having excellent performance of improving the soil micro-ecological environment, and can reach the requirements of reducing fertilizer and increasing effect as well as being green and environmentally friendly.

The invention discloses a saline and alkaline land improvement method. The improvement method comprises the following steps: crushing plant straw to prepare plant straw powder, then, scattering the plant straw powder into saline and alkaline land, and carrying deep ploughing and turning; applying a mixture consisting of soybean meal, furfural residues, activated biochar powder, a microbial agent,inorganic fertilizer, natural zeolite powder, mineral-sourced humic acid and modified calcium alginate aerogel to the surface layer of the saline and alkaline land, and using a rotary cultivator for rotary cultivation and mixing; flattening the soil surface layer of the saline and alkaline land, uniformly sowing alfalfa seeds on the flattened saline and alkaline land, then, performing earthing up,and controlling the sowing depth at 1-2 cm; during harvesting, keeping the stubble height of alfalfa at 5.5-7.5 cm; carrying out deep ploughing, turning and burying on the saline and alkaline land toturn and bury the alfalfa stubbles in the soil; and then, planting wheat or corn crops. The method can effectively reduce the soil alkalization degree and salt content, and the physiochemical properties of the soil are effectively improved.

The present invention discloses a carbon-based composite biological fertilizer. The carbon-based composite biological fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-60parts of biochar, 10-30 parts of plant ash, 8-25 parts of medical stone powder, 3-15 parts of zeolite powder, 2-8 parts of potassium feldspar powder, 1-6 parts of ground phosphate rock, 15-45 parts ofhumic acid, 1-10 parts of potassium fulvate and 1-15 parts of photosynthetic nitrogen fixation composite bacteria. The carbon-based composite biological fertilizer gives full play to the respective advantages of photosynthetic nitrogen fixation composite bacteria, biochar, plant ash, medical stone powder, zeolite powder, potassium feldspar powder, ground phosphate rock, humic acid and potassium fulvic acid, not only realizes effective improvement and remediation of soil and improves the crop yield, but also is beneficial to promoting the development of green low-carbon agriculture. The invention also provides a preparation method of the carbon-based composite biological fertilizer, which is simple and convenient to operate and convenient for batch production. The invention also provides application of the carbon-based composite biological fertilizer, and the carbon-based composite biological fertilizer is compounded with one or more of decomposed manure, an organic fertilizer, slag, biomass pyrolysis residues or crop wastes according to different types of soil, so that the fertilizer efficiency is exerted.

The invention relates to the field of water-retaining slow/controlled-release fertilizers, specifically to a water-retaining high-molecular slow-release nitrogen-potassium fertilizer and its preparation method. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) adding a potassium hydroxide solution and acrylic acid into a reaction vessel, and stirring in an ice bath until the reactants are mixed uniformly; then adding urea and stirring until urea is completely dissolved; adding an initiator potassium persulphate, stirring until potassium persulphate is completely dissolved; and adding a cross-linking agent N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide, stirring until the cross-linking agent is completely dissolved, and continuously stirring for 30 min until the solution is mixed uniformly; and (2) sealing the uniformly-mixed solution, reacting at 25-75 DEG C for 2-6.5 h, granulating, and drying so as to obtain the water-retaining high-molecular slow-release nitrogen-potassium fertilizer. The preparation method is a solution polymerization method. The technology is simple and easy to operate. The prepared water-retaining high-molecular slow-release nitrogen-potassium fertilizer is a chemically synthesized water-retaining slow-release fertilizer and can make up the defect of a film-coated water-retaining slow-release fertilizer that nutrient release is limited by a coated material and a technology is complex.

The invention discloses a special water-soluble fertilizer for high-quality wheat and a preparation method of the special water-soluble fertilizer, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural fertilizers. The special water-soluble fertilizer for the high-quality wheat is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 to 75 parts of urea, 10 to 20 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 5 to 15 parts of potassium chloride, 1 to 10 parts of iron, 1 to 5 parts of manganese, 1 to 10 parts of boron, 5 to 15 parts of zinc, 1 to 5 parts of copper, 0.01 to 0.1 part of urease inhibitor and 0.01 to 0.1 part of nitrification inhibitor. The prepared water-soluble fertilizer has the characteristics of high dissolving speed, relatively high absorption and utilization rate, multiple nutrients and the like, can be applied to facility agriculture such as spraying, drip irrigation and the like, realizes water and fertilizer integration, improves the utilization efficiency of water andfertilizer, and achieves the effects of saving water, fertilizer and labor; meanwhile, the fertilizer can reduce the damage to soil and the environment caused by long-term use of a large amount of chemical fertilizer. In addition, the method can also be used for foliar fertilizer spraying and soilless culture.

The invention provides a method for immobilizing nutrients in pig breeding liquid dung. The method comprises the following steps: slowly adding calcium superphosphate into livestock liquid dung in anadjusting tank, continuously stirring the mixture, and adjusting the pH value of the livestock liquid dung to 6.0-6.5; wherein the mass of the added calcium superphosphate is 2-5.5% of the mass of thelivestock liquid dung. According to the method, the ammonia gas emission flux can be reduced by 43%-99% in the liquid dung storage process; the fertility of the liquid dung is improved, the number offecal coliform groups in the liquid dung meets the national standard requirement, after the calcium superphosphate is added into the liquid dung, the mixture is stored, and the pig breeding liquid dung is returned to the field for application, the crop yield can be increased, ammonia emission and nitrogen leaching loss in the farmland are reduced, and good ecological and environmental benefits are achieved.

The invention discloses a method for constructing terraces in an ecological isolation belt in a dry-hot valley region. The method includes the following steps: S1, selecting terraces on a slope body with a gradient of less than 25 degrees in the dry-hot valley region, and connecting upper and lower adjacent two layers of field surfaces with a gradient of less than 25 degrees; S2, digging a water retaining ditch on the field surface and repairing the bottom of the water retaining ditch into an inverted V-shaped inclined plane, laying a water diversion layer on the bottom of the water retainingditch, laying a water retaining layer above the water diversion layer, and covering soil above the water retaining layer as a water seepage layer; S3, planting a row of mango tree seedlings between every two adjacent rows of water retaining ditches; S4, in August-September, sowing tropical pastures on the field surface; and S5. building a grape frame on the ridge, and planting grapes at the lowerfoot of the grape frame. The terraces in the ecological isolation belt in the dry-hot valley region constructed by the construction method can reduce the evaporation of field water, increase the diversity of farmland ecological landscape, and at the same time can obviously improve the yield of mango and economic benefits.

The invention relates to a sustained release drug used by a fertilizer during a film-forming cement mortar blowing processing procedure, in particular to a water-base synergistic agent used for a compound fertilizer as well as preparation and application thereof. The water-base synergistic agent includes DCD, ATC, NBPT, S-80 and water; calculated by weight percentage, the weight ratios of the DCD, the ATC, the NBPT and the S-80 are 50 to 70 : 15 to 30 : 9 to 20 : 3 to 4; the ratio of water to the gross weight of the four materials is 1 : 1 to 1.5, wherein, the DCD id dicyandiamide, the ATC is 4-aminotriazole, the NBPT is N-(normal-butyl) thiophosphoryl triamine and the S-80 is dehydrated sorbitan fatty glyceride. The invention avoids applying an organic solvent, thus reducing the cost and improving the effectiveness of the fertilizer.

The invention provides a method for orchard deep fertilization by using straw fiber fertilizer pipes, belongs to the technical field of straw comprehensive utilization technology and fertilization technology integration, and mainly solves the problem of surface fertilization of an orchard in the prior art. The method includes four steps that soil testing is conducted, the straw fiber fertilizer pipes in which a fertilizer is mixed are prepared, the fertilizer pipes are inserted into pre-drilled fertilization holes, wherein the distribution, number and depth of the fertilization holes are changed according to the age of trees, and the depth of the fertilization holes is 300-600 mm; the corresponding fertilizer pipes are matched with the fertilization holes, various nutrients can be added into hollow straw long fiber rods to prepare fertilizer rods to be inserted into the corresponding fertilization holes, the fertilizer rods need to be arranged in the annular band of water dripping of tree crown, and finally, reasonable hole fertilization and irrigation are conducted. The method achieves the effect of efficient use of water and fertilizers, and provides the technical support for development of fruit industries in arid regions.

The invention relates to an acid soil remediation agent, preparation and application thereof. Attapulgite and red mud are used as base materials to prepare a functionalized nano material through chemical modification. The obtained soil remediation agent can improve the pH of soil, also can inhibit loss of salt-based cations in the soil, and can fundamentally inhibit soil acidification, has the characteristics of obvious effect, environmental friendliness and the like, and has broad application prospects.

The invention discloses a preparation method of an acidic soil microenvironment modifier. The method comprises the following steps: adding attapulgite ore powder into tap water, and stirring to obtain a first suspension; adding NaOH, KOH and Ca(OH)2 into the first suspension to obtain a second suspension; adding sodium humate to the second suspension, irradiating by using high energy electron beams to obtain humic acid-alkalized attapulgite; and uniformly mixing the humic acid-alkalized attapulgite with rice husk ash to obtain the modifier. The modifier can form a micro-nano network between a plow layer and deep soil, reduces the leaching loss of base cations in the plow layer through chelating, coordination, adsorption, hydrogen bond, electrostatic attraction and other effects, inhibits the reduction of the base saturation percentage of soil, alleviates soil acidification, improves the microenvironment of root micro-area soil, promotes root growth and improves the acid resistance of crops in order to increase the emergence rate and improve the output; and the method has the advantages of small use amount, low cost, environmentally friendly raw materials, and high efficiency.

The invention provides a method for immobilizing nutrients in cow dung water with alum, which comprises the following steps: slowly adding the alum into the cow dung water in an adjusting tank, continuously stirring, and adjusting the pH value of the cow dung water to 5.5-6.5; wherein the addition amount of the alum is 1.2-3.5% of the mass fraction of the cow dung water. According to the invention, the alum is used as an additive, ammonia gas emission of the cow dung water can be effectively reduced, the nutrient immobilization effect is stable, the nutrient immobilization process flow of thecow dung water is simplified, ammonia gas emission and nitrogen leaching loss in the cow dung water are reduced, and the method has good ecological and environmental benefits.

The invention discloses a special controlled-release fertilizer for lotus roots and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps of preparing a fertilizer core by urea, potassium chloride, calcium phosphate, a trace element fertilizer, an inhibitor and a dispersant; performing inner coating treatment on the fertilizer core by an inner coating film agent which is prepared from polylactic acid, polyethylene glycol and ethyl alcohol; performing outer coating treatment on the fertilizer core by an outer coating film agent which is prepared from polyacrylate, ethylene propylene diene monomer, modified starch, acetone and water, so as to obtain the special controlled-release fertilizer for the lotus roots. Compared with the prior art, the special controlled-release fertilizer has the advantages that the nutrient elements in the fertilizer are rich, the utilization rate of a nitrogen fertilizer is high, the controlled-release property is good, and the nutrient requirement of the lotus root in each growth period is met; the outer coating can be recycled, so that the environment-friendly effect is realized; the inner coating can be completely degraded, so that the danger to surrounding environment is avoided.

The invention discloses a fertilizing method for improving lodging resistance and seed quality of corn in cold regions. In the total amount of fertilizers used in the whole growth period of the corn,the proportion of nitrogen element, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide is (1.6 -1.9): 1.0: (0.7 -0.9). The fertilizing method comprises a base fertilizer applying step of ridging and applying the base fertilizer during soil preparation, a seed fertilizer applying step of side dressing the seed fertilizer during sowing, a rhizosphere topdressing step of carrying out topdressing on the rhizosphere in the 20 -40% leaf age index period of the corn, a first-time leaf fertilizer spraying step of spraying a first leaf fertilizer in the 30 -50% leaf age index period of the corn, and a second-time leaf fertilizer spraying step of spraying a second leaf fertilizer in the 50 -80% leaf age index period of the corn. According to the method, the lodging resistance and nutrient utilization efficiency of the corn can be effectively improved, the yield and quality of the corn seeds are greatly improved, and the method facilitates quality improvement and efficiency increase production of the cornin the cold regions and is economical, practical, simple and convenient to operate and easy to popularize.

The invention discloses a soil conditioner for promoting water and fertilizer retention of aeolian sandy soil and a using method of the soil conditioner. The soil conditioner comprises the following substances: 1.5 kg of biochar and 5 kg of bentonite contained in every 1 t of aeolian sandy soil. The using method comprises the following processes: mixing biochar, bentonite and aeolian sandy soil according to a proportioning ratio; uniformly applying the mixture to the lower part of a soil plough layer; covering with natural sandy soil, adding a small amount of organic fertilizer, fully mixing the organic fertilizer with plough layer soil through a rotary cultivator, and adjusting the irrigation amount according to the soil ridge condition, and keeping the water content of the soil at 70%-80% of the field water-holding capacity, so as to being beneficial to diffusion of charcoal and bentonite to the plough layer of aeolian sandy soil, and changing the texture and structure of the aeoliansandy soil. The soil conditioner can adjust the texture and structure of the aeolian sandy soil for a long time, improve the mechanical composition of the soil, increase the content of soil aggregates, reduce the leaching loss of nutrient substances, reduce the water and soil loss amount and improve the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil, thereby reducing the use amount of a fertilizer, improving the utilization rate of the fertilizer and reducing the production cost.