137results about How to "Increase exchange volume" patented technology

The invention relates to a soil fertilizer technology and a crop disease and insect pest control technology, in particular to a disease-resistant synergy-type conditioner of protected horticultural vegetable field soil and a preparation method thereof, solving the problem that sustainable utilization of protected horticultural vegetable field is affected by the lowering soil quality. The soil conditioner comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30-50% of medical stone powder, 20-30% of lime nitrogen, 20-30% of lignite, 5-10% of zeolite power and 5-10% of dicyandiamide. The preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps: medical stone powder screened by a 60-mesh screen, zeolite powder screened by a 60-mesh screen, the dicyandiamide and lignite are mixed and evenly stirred; then the mixture and granular lime nitrogen are mixed and evenly stirred; and after being completely mixed, the mixture is prepared into the soil conditioner. The preparation method of the invention is simple, has no pollution, can obviously improve fertilizer nitrogen and phosphorus utilization ratio of the protected horticultural vegetable field, effectively prevent and cure soil-borne diseases and has the effect on improving physical and chemical properties of soil at the same time.

The invention discloses a preparation method of an ion mineralization blocking agent for heavy metal contaminated soil remediation. The preparation method is characterized in that a crystal mixed compound agent having ultrahigh cation-exchange capacity, specific surface area and adsorption property is prepared by using phosphoric acid, calcium chloride, bentonite and biomass wastes as raw materials through high-temperature baking, the crystal mixed compound agent is compounded with a sulfenyl compound so as to realize the mineralization blocking of heavy metal ions in the soil through the deep synergistic effect of multiple mechanisms such as ion exchange, adsorption, complexation, precipitation and the like, and the purpose of the in-site remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil is achieved. The compound agent prepared by the method is high in active ingredients, wide in application range, small in using amount and low in cost, takes effect quickly and can be used for the efficient in-site remediation of farmlands and other industrial heavy metal contaminated soil.

The invention relates to a preparation method and application method of a saline-alkali soil conditioner. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing a peat or lignite raw material containing humic acid with well ground attapulgite ore powder at a ratio (0-1):1; then, spraying concentrated sulfuric acid accounting for 80-110% of the total weight of the mixture under the condition of stirring or kneading; feeding into a curing cabin, and stacking for curing or aging for 24h; and finally crushing the cured material into 80-mesh fine powder, thus obtaining the saline-alkali soil conditioner. The saline-alkali soil conditioner can be prepared into a granular product through granulating and drying so as to be used or can be premixed with other acidic organic and inorganic fertilizers and then used; the use amount of the saline-alkali soil conditioner is 0.6-0.8 ton per hectare. The saline-alkali soil conditioner integrates the physical and chemical functions such as chemical salifying, complexing, neutralizing, ion exchange, adsorption and desorption, passivation and immobilization, alkali efflorescence prevention and demulsification, is capable of remarkably improving the cation exchange capacity of soil, desorbing and leaching salt groups and basic groups and remarkably reducing the pH value; film land in which the saline-alkali soil conditioner is used can ensure high yield of crops in the same year.

The present invention discloses a preparation method of hesperidium aurantium tea. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) fresh hesperidium aurantium is picked, the picked hesperidium aurantium is washed clean, and water content on the surfaces of the washed hesperidium aurantium is drained; 2) an opening is cut out on the hesperidium aurantium and the hesperidium aurantium is divided into two parts of a lid body and a hesperidium aurantium main body; fruit flesh in the hesperidium aurantium main body is dig out to obtain a hesperidium aurantium container; 3) the lid body and the hesperidium aurantium container are dried until no water is left; 4) the hesperidium aurantium container is taken out and filled with the tea leaves to obtain semi-finished products; and 5) the semi-finished products and lid body are put into a dryer; and an air inlet volume of the dryer is adjusted to be 1,500-2,100 m<3>/h, an air outlet volume of the dryer is 760-1360 m<3>/h, a temperature is controlled at 40-45 DEG C, the drying is conducted for 18-26 h, and the finished products are obtained. The preparation is less in steps and simple in processes. The hesperidium aurantium is emerald green in appearance. The hesperidium aurantium tea is uniform in color and luster, maintains the characteristics of the fresh hesperidium aurantium, is good in appearance, at the same time, maximally maintains the original taste of the hesperidium aurantium and tea leaves, and is fragrant, delicate and mellow in smell, and resistant to storage.

The invention discloses a cadmium-contaminated farmland soil remediation method based on magnetic biochar. The method mainly comprises the following steps: irrigating soil, adding biochar accounting for 0.5-5% of the mass of the soil, performing sufficient stirring until uniformity to make the magnetic biochar and the soil form a muddy water mixture, standing the mixture, adding water, performingstirring to make the magnetic biochar float out of the water surface, and recovering the magnetic biochar enriched with free Cd and soil clay particles so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the total Cd of the soil. The free Cd and clay particles with a small particle size (smaller than or equal to 2 [mu]m) and a high Cd concentration are enriched by means of the magnetism, floatability and other properties of the magnetic biochar, so the Cd content of the soil is reduced; and the application of the magnetic biochar also has an improvement effect on soil. The magnetic biochar prepared in the invention has floating capacity, and can be magnetically recycled, and the remediation method has the advantages of simple flow, high operability, greenness and environmental friendliness, and is anenvironmentally-friendly remediation technology.

The invention discloses a stable repairing agent for improving heavy metal soil. The stable repairing agent is prepared by compounding solidified microorganism slow-release particles, modified biomass charcoal and a chelating adsorbent, wherein the solidified microorganism slow-release particles are obtained by mixing and reacting an aqueous solution containing montmorillonite, diatomite and polyvinyl alcohol with an aqueous solution containing corn starch, a microbial agent and hydroxypropyl chitosan, the modified biomass charcoal is obtained by performing soaking pretreatment on organic matter powder through potassium chloride and magnesium chloride solutions and then performing carbonization, and the chelating adsorbent is prepared by grafting organosilane and tyrosine on the surface of hydroxyapatite. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the stable repairing agent and application of the stable repairing agent to improvement of heavy metal soil. According to the invention, natural porous mineral powder and organic matter materials are used as matrixes, the soil environment and plant survival conditions are improved, the metabolism function of microorganisms and plants is enhanced, heavy metal is solidified, stabilized and effectively reduced, and stable remediation of heavy metal soil is achieved.

The invention discloses a soil improvement agent. The soil improvement agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of bentonite, 5-8 parts of zeolite powder, 13-18 parts of plant straws, 15-25 parts of bean pulp, 8-13 parts of waste tobacco leaf dottle, 10-20 parts of polyacrylamide, 2-3 parts of boric acid, 10-18 parts of humic acid, 4-7 parts of chitosan, 2-3 parts of potassium sulfate and 3-4 parts of a mixed strain. A preparation process of the soil improvement agent is simple, the raw materials are sufficient, and the soil improvement agent is low in cost, has a good improvement effect and is used for preventing and controlling soil acidification and salination, so that the problem that the sustainable utilization of soil is influenced by quality reduction of soil is solved.

The present invention discloses an artificial waterweed, a plurality of floaters are evenly distributed in four corners of both sides of a waterweed support, weed body fiber is uniformly arranged on the waterweed support surface; the weed body fiber comprises layered porous PAN-based activated carbon fiber and nitrogen-doped TiO2 catalytic material-loaded layered porous PAN-based activated carbon fiber; activated carbon fiber has a large specific surface area, can absorb and retains suspended and dissolved pollutants in water, has high biological affinity, and is conductive to microbial attachment and film formation; a nitrogen-doped TiO2 catalytic material has good visible light activity, can oxidize macromolecular organic pollutants in water into small molecule organic pollutants under natural light photocatalysis, and is conductive to degradation of microorganisms adhered on the weed body surface, a base is filled with a carboxymethylcellulose polymer, colloid containing large amounts of carboxyl groups, hydroxymethyl groups and the like has a certain heavy metal ion adsorption capacity, and can effectively remove heavy metal ions in the water.

The invention discloses a heavy-metal contaminated soil compost modifier and a modifying method thereof. The heavy-metal contaminated soil compost modifier comprises, by mass, 40-60 parts of animal wastes, 15-30 parts of sawdust, 0-2 parts of microbial agent, 3-7 parts of straw biochar and 20-40 parts of ferrous gluconate. By application of a bio-compost technique, soil pH value can be decreased and activity of heavy metal of soil can be improved so that heavy metal is easy to wash off, and effective-state heavy metal content in soil is reduced greatly after the soil pH value is increased. Besides, heavy metal adsorption capacity of soil can be improved while proportion of organic bonding state of heavy metal is increased by means of bio-compost; the compost modifier is prepared from raw materials which have wide resources and are cheap and easy to obtain, is prepared within a short time, can be prepared on field and ready to use, and is low in cost; content of heavy metal in soil and content of effective-state heavy metal can be reduced effectively by integrated utilization of iron-containing materials and the bio-compost technique. The modifying method has the advantages of being easy and practical, environmental-friendly and efficient, and low in cost, and is much superior to the conventional modifying methods.

The invention provides a water retention agent suitable for arid/semiarid region farmland soil. The invention is technically characterized in that the water retention agent is prepared from 2-8 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.5-1 part of dodecyl fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene (3) ether ammonium sulfate, 0.1-0.5 part of dodecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene (9) ether, 0.001-0.008 part of triacontanol, 0.1-0.5 part of n-octanol, 5-15 parts of polyacrylic acid, 2-10 parts of ammonium monoacid phosphate, 2-5 parts of potassium sulfate, 2-10 parts of fulvic acid, 0.01-0.05 part of indolebutyric acid, 1-3 parts of magnesium sulfate and 40-55 parts of water. The water retention agent is prepared by the following steps: weighing the components in parts by weight, mixing at the room temperature of 20-25 DEG C, sufficiently stirring for 40-60 minutes to form a uniform mixture, and filtering to obtain the finished product. After the amount of precipitation reaches more than 20mm, the water retention agent is sprayed on the ground surface with a sprayer. The invention is suitable for the demands of soil loosening and water retention for arid/semiarid region farmland soil, removes the soil hardening, loosens the soil, improves the air permeability, promotes the formation of the crumb structure, breaks the farmland plough pan, increases the plough layer depth, enlarges the storage capacity of the soil reservoir, and enhances the water-holding capacity of soil.

The invention discloses a combined type phase-change heat storage device, which comprises a heat storage tank, a sensible heat storage material, phase-change heat storage media and a phase-change heat storage media package, wherein the phase-change heat storage media are sealed in the phase-change heat storage media package and act together with the sensible heat storage material to realize a heat storage or release process.

The invention relates to a soil fertilizer synergist, in particular to a nitrogen synergist applied to protected horticultural vegetable fields and a preparation method thereof. The components by weight percentage are 10-30% of calcium cyanamide, 30-50% of zeolite powder and 30-50% of lignite. The preparation method comprises the following steps: the 10-30% of calcium cyanamide and the 30-50% of zeolite powder are mechanically and evenly mixed to obtain a mixture, and then the mixture is added with the 30-50% of lignite and mechanically mixed evenly, thus obtaining the nitrogen synergist. The preparation method is simple and pollution-free, and the nitrogen synergist is an organic and inorganic combined nitrogen synergist which has the effects of combining the slow release and quick release of nutrients, slowly releasing fertilizer nutrients, improving the utilization rate of the fertilizer, reducing the amount of chemical fertilizers used, improving the physical and chemical properties of soil and improving the productivity of the soil.

The invention discloses a slow-release microcapsule type polymer acidic soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the acidic soil conditioner takes chitosan oligosaccharide as a raw material, and is characterized by comprising the following steps: 1) dissolving a functional organic weak acid, inorganic nutrient salt, a nitrification inhibitor and chitosan oligosaccharide in water, then dissolving a water-soluble surfactant in the solution, and mixing and stirring to obtain a water phase; 2) dissolving an oil-soluble surfactant in an organic solvent, and mixing and stirring to obtain an oil phase I; 3) dissolving a cross-linking agent in the same organic solvent to obtain an oil phase II; and 4) mixing the water phase and the oil phase I, cutting and stirring to form an emulsion, switching to top stirring, slowly adding the oil phase II, carrying out an interfacial polymerization reaction to obtain a reversed-phase microcapsule suspension emulsion, andcarrying out post-suction filtration to obtain microcapsule particles. The acidic soil conditioner can improve the pH value and the acid-base buffer capacity of soil, and improve the cation exchangecapacity and the base saturation of the soil.

The invention discloses a cadmium-contaminated soil modifier and a preparation method thereof and an improvement method for the cadmium-contaminated soil. The cadmium-contaminated soil modifier is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 1 to 7 percent of polyaluminum chloride, 3 to 28 percent of ferric sulfate, 7 to 28 percent of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 35 to 85 percent of citric acid, 2 to 15 percent of polyacrylamide and 0.5 to 8 percent of L-proline. The invention also discloses the preparation method of the cadmium-contaminated soil modifier and the improvement method for the cadmium-contaminated soil. According to the cadmium-contaminated soil modifier and the preparation method thereof and the improvement method for the cadmium-contaminated soil, disclosed by the invention, the prepared modifier has the characteristics of surface adsorption, surface complexation and the like; the migration and effectiveness of cadmium in heavy metal contaminated soil can be significantly reduced, the absorption of the cadmium by plants is reduced, the physiological resistance of crops is improved, structure and properties of the soil are improved and the uniformity of soil microbes is improved; the cadmium-contaminated soil modifier is especially suitable for calcareous soil. The modifier has the advantages of easiness in raw material obtaining, low cost andsimple preparation; the improvement method for the cadmium-contaminated soil is simple and stable in effect.

The invention relates to the technical fields of land reclamation, ecological reconstruction and soil and water conservation and discloses a vegetation recovery method for a soil discharging field inan acidic mining area. The method includes the following steps of S1, adjusting the pH of soil, wherein a neutralizing agent is applied to topsoil of the acidic waste soil of the soil discharging field, the pH of the soil is less than 4, uniform stirring is conducted until the pH of the soil is 5.0-7.5, and the thickness of the topsoil is greater than 25 cm; S2, applying a nutrient supplement agent, wherein nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer are applied to the topsoil in step S1 and stirred uniformly; S3, applying an organic material, wherein the organic material is applied to the topsoil and stirred uniformly after step S2 is completed to obtain improved soil with the soil conductivity of 2.5 ms cm<1> or below, and the organic material is plant straw powder or livestock manure;S4, planting pioneer plants on a soil improved layer in S3, wherein the pioneer plants can grow normally on the improved soil. By adopting an improvement method of cooperatively applying limestone powder, the organic material and the inorganic fertilizer, the cost is low, and the improvement effect is good.