Drilling device and method for coal mining

Abstract

The invention discloses a drilling device and method for coal mining, the drilling device for coal mining comprises a drill rod, a drill bit is arranged at one end of the drill rod, a centralizer sleeves the drill rod, a plurality of expansion rods are uniformly arranged on the side surface of the centralizer, one end of each expansion rod is rotatably connected with the centralizer, and the other end of each expansion rod is rotatably connected with the centralizer. An electric push rod is arranged at the end, close to the expansion rod and not connected with the centralizer, of the centralizer, and the output end of the electric push rod abuts against the expansion rod. The drill rod is provided with nuts along the two ends of the centralizer respectively, and the nuts are tightly pressed at the ends of the centralizer. The gyroscope and the tilt angle sensor are arranged in the drill bit to sense whether the drill bit tilts or not, if the drill bit tilts, the data wireless transmission module transmits data to the terminal and the centralizer, and the centralizer controls the corresponding expansion rod to unfold by controlling the specified electric push rod; the inclination angle of the drill bit is adjusted by unfolding the expansion rod, so that the drill bit can drill at a normal angle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of coal mining, in particular to a drilling device and method for coal mining. Background Art

[0002] In the process of coal mining, drilling operation is a crucial link, and its quality and efficiency directly affect the subsequent coal mining work. Existing drilling devices used in coal mining have a variety of different structural forms according to different use conditions.

[0003] In the prior art, the utility model patent with publication number CN209457872U discloses a drilling device for coal mining, which includes a fixed bottom plate, four groups of moving wheels are fixed at the bottom of the fixed bottom plate, a supporting bottom plate is arranged at the bottom of the fixed bottom plate, a first lifting cylinder and a connecting spring are connected between the supporting bottom plate and the fixed bottom plate, lifting guide columns are fixed at the four corners above the fixed bottom plate, a lifting platform is arranged above the fixed bottom plate, a second lifting cylinder is connected between the lifting platform and the fixed bottom plate, two groups of moving guide rails are fixed on the lifting platform, and the two groups of moving guide rails are arranged parallel to each other. This drilling device for coal mining has a reasonable structure and a novel design, and the drilling height of the device can be adjusted quickly and easily, and the adjustment is simple, and the device is easy to move, fixed and stable, and is easy to promote and use.

[0004] The drilling device for coal mining provided by the above patent is mainly convenient for movement and height adjustment. In actual coal mining, the uneven distribution of coal seam hardness may cause uneven force on the drill bit, resulting in deflection of the borehole, which not only reduces the quality of the borehole, but also may affect the safety of coal mining and resource recovery rate. However, the drill rod and drill bit of the existing drilling device for coal mining cannot be adjusted when deflection occurs, which easily causes the borehole to tilt, which is not conducive to the staff to accurately drill to the specified position in the coal seam, nor is it conducive to the detection of the gas content in the coal seam in the specified area. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a drilling device and method for coal mine development, aiming to improve the problem that the drill rod and drill bit of the existing drilling device cannot be adjusted when deflection occurs, which easily causes the borehole to tilt, making it difficult for workers to accurately drill to a designated position in the coal seam, and is also not conducive to detecting the gas content in the coal seam in a designated area.

[0006] The present invention is achieved in that:

[0007] According to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a drilling device for coal mining, including a drill rod, a drill bit is provided at one end of the drill rod, and a centralizer is sleeved on the drill rod, a plurality of expansion rods are evenly provided on the side of the centralizer, one end of the expansion rod is rotatably connected to the centralizer, an electric push rod is provided at one end of the centralizer close to the expansion rod that is not connected to the centralizer, and the output end of the electric push rod is against the expansion rod; nuts are respectively provided at both ends of the drill rod along the centralizer, and the nuts are pressed tightly against the end of the centralizer.

[0008] Preferably, a connector is provided at one end of the drill pipe, and an adapter ring is provided at the other end; threads are provided on the side surfaces of the drill pipe along the positions of the two stabilizer ends.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of pressure-applying protrusions are evenly arranged at the front end of the drill bit, a wear-resistant alloy cover is arranged on the pressure-applying protrusion, and a plurality of wear-resistant alloy blades are arranged on the wear-resistant alloy cover on one side along the rotation direction of the drill bit; a first charging slot is arranged at the end of the drill bit, and a mounting joint is arranged at the rear end of the drill bit, and the mounting joint is threadedly connected to the connecting head; a plurality of spray holes are evenly arranged on the drill bit, and the spray holes are communicated with the inner cavity of the mounting joint.

[0010] Preferably, an MCU control module is provided inside the drill bit, and the MCU control module is connected to a first power storage module, a temperature sensor, a gas concentration sensor, a gas flow sensor, a gyroscope, an inclination sensor, a pressure sensor and a data wireless transmission module; the first power storage module is used to store electricity to supply various components, the temperature sensor is used to sense the temperature of the drill bit to ensure timely cooling of the drill bit when the temperature is too high, the gas concentration sensor is used to detect the gas concentration near the drill bit, the gas concentration sensor is used to calculate the gas content when extracting gas, the gyroscope and inclination sensor are used to determine the inclination and direction of the drill bit, the pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure that the drill bit is subjected to during drilling, so as to determine whether the drill bit encounters a hard rock formation, and the data wireless transmission module is used to transmit the data detected by each sensor to the terminal and the straightener in a wireless manner.

[0011] Preferably, the side surface of the centralizer is evenly provided with a plurality of grooves, and adapter grooves are symmetrically provided on both sides of one end where the grooves are rotatably connected to the expansion rod, a telescopic rod is provided at the output end of the electric push rod, a magnetic joint is provided at the end of the telescopic rod, a second charging slot is provided at one end of the centralizer, and a sleeve hole is provided in the middle of the centralizer; rotating shafts are symmetrically provided on both sides of one end of the expansion rod, and the rotating shafts are rotatably connected to the adapter grooves; a magnetic sheet is provided in the middle of a side of the expansion rod facing the centralizer; a microprocessor is integrated inside the centralizer, and the microprocessor is connected to a second power storage module, a telescopic control module, a data receiving module and a data analysis module; the microprocessor is used to control the operation of the centralizer, the second power storage module is used to power various components inside the centralizer, the telescopic control module is used to control the operation of the electric push rod, the data receiving module is used to receive information transmitted by the drill bit, and the data analysis module is used to analyze and process the information received by the data receiving module.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes a limit clamp, and a groove is provided on the side of the drill pipe along the threaded end, the limit clamp is clamped in the inner side of the groove, and the limit clamp is against the end of the nut, an opening is provided between the two ends of the limit clamp, and force joints are provided at both ends of the limit clamp, and a through hole is provided in the middle of the force joint.

[0013] According to a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a drilling method for coal mining, using the above-mentioned drilling device for coal mining, and the specific steps of the drilling method are as follows:

[0014] S100, explore the mined coal mine to determine the location, depth and inclination of the required drilling holes, and determine the geological structure on the drilling path;

[0015] S200, assemble the drill pipe and the drill bit, install the centralizer on the drill pipe, ensure that the drill bit and the centralizer are fully charged, and then connect the drill pipe to the drilling rig;

[0016] S300, the drilling rig moves to the position where the hole needs to be drilled in coordination with the drill rod and the drill bit, and adjusts the inclination of the drill bit to ensure that the drill bit can drill into the coal seam at a suitable inclination;

[0017] S400, drilling a coal seam, and during the drilling process, multiple sensors installed on the drill bit collect drilling parameters in real time, transmit the data to a terminal device, and calculate the drilling speed and cooling medium flow rate based on the data;

[0018] S500, when the drill bit is tilted, the gyroscope and inclination sensor inside the drill bit will determine the inclination angle and direction of the drill bit, and feed back these data to the terminal and the centralizer. After receiving these data, the centralizer performs calculation and analysis to determine a solution for adjusting the inclination angle;

[0019] S600, after the drill bit reaches the designated position in the coal seam, the drill bit stops drilling, and the supply of cooling medium is stopped at the same time, and the cooling medium input port is connected to the gas collection pipeline. Under the action of the gas collection pipeline, the gas in the coal seam will be collected into the gas collection pipeline along the channel in the drill pipe; at the same time, the gas concentration sensor and gas flow sensor integrated on the drill bit will detect the gas concentration and calculate the gas content;

[0020] S700, after the drilling is completed, the drill bit and the drill rod are withdrawn, and the drill hole is processed.

[0021] Preferably, in step S100, high-precision geological radar and drilling coring technology are used when conducting geological exploration of the coal mining area, and a drill bit of suitable material and structure is selected based on the coal seam hardness data obtained from the geological survey.

[0022] Preferably, in step S400, the specific steps of calculating the drilling speed and the cooling medium flow rate are as follows:

[0023] S410, when the pressure sensor senses that the drilling pressure of the drill bit increases, and thus determines that the hardness of the coal seam increases, resulting in an increase in the rotation torque of the drill bit, the control system automatically reduces the drilling speed and appropriately increases the output power of the power system to maintain the normal cutting state of the drill bit and avoid damage to the drill bit due to overload;

[0024] S420, the calculation formula for adjusting the drilling speed V of the drill bit is as follows:

[0025]

[0026] Where V0 is the initial drilling speed, T d is the desired drilling torque, T a is the actual measured drilling torque, k v Drilling speed adjustment factor;

[0027] S430, when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the drill bit rises and approaches its maximum allowable operating temperature, the terminal device increases the flow rate of the cooling medium and appropriately reduces the drilling speed and torque to ensure the service life of the drill bit and the drilling quality;

[0028] S440, the adjustment formula of cooling medium flow Q is:

[0029] Q=Q0+k q ×(T t -T max )

[0030] Where Q0 is the initial cooling medium flow rate, k q is the flow adjustment coefficient, T t is the real-time drill bit temperature, T maxThis is the maximum temperature allowed for the drill bit.

[0031] Preferably, in step S500, the centralizer controls the electric push rod to perform corresponding telescopic actions according to the direction and angle of the drill bit deflection under the instruction of the terminal device by the microprocessor, and applies lateral force to the drill rod to make the drill bit return to the predetermined drilling trajectory. The specific calculation method is as follows:

[0032] L=D×tan(θ)

[0033] Wherein, L is the extension and retraction of the electric push rod in the tilting direction of the drill bit, D is the distance from the stabilizer to the drill bit, and θ is the tilt angle of the drill bit in a certain direction.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] 1. The present invention sets a gyroscope and an inclination sensor in the drill bit to sense whether the drill bit is tilted. If the drill bit is tilted, the data wireless transmission module will transmit the data to the terminal and the stabilizer. The stabilizer will control the expansion of the corresponding expansion rod by controlling the specified electric push rod. The inclination of the drill bit is adjusted by the expansion of the expansion rod, so that the drill bit can drill at a normal angle to avoid excessive inclination of the drill bit and cause a large range of deviations in the drilling. The drill bit and the stabilizer of this structure work together, which is easy to control and convenient for assisting staff to accurately drill to the specified position in the coal seam.

[0036] 2. The present invention sets a gas flow sensor and a gas concentration sensor inside the drill bit. The gas flow sensor and the gas concentration sensor can detect the gas concentration in the coal seam where the drill bit is located, and calculate the gas content when extracting gas.

[0037] 3. The present invention provides a limit clamp on the drill pipe, and the limit clamp can stabilize the centralizer on the drill pipe, thereby ensuring stable use of the centralizer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the drilling device of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the drill rod of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the drill bit of the present invention at an oblique downward angle at the rear end;

[0041] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the drill bit of the present invention at an oblique downward angle from the front end;

[0042] Figure 5 It is a structural block diagram of the interior of the drill bit of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the centralizer of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 It is a structural block diagram of the interior of the centralizer of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the expansion rod of the present invention;

[0046] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the limiting clamp of the present invention;

[0047] Fig.10 It is a flowchart of the drilling method of the present invention.

[0048] In the figure: 1. drill rod; 11. connector; 12. adapter ring; 13. thread; 14. slot; 2. drill bit; 21. pressure cam; 22. wear-resistant alloy cover; 23. wear-resistant alloy blade; 24. first charging slot; 25. mounting joint; 26. spray hole; 3. stabilizer; 31. groove; 32. electric push rod; 33. telescopic rod; 34. magnetic joint; 35. sleeve hole; 36. second charging slot; 37. adapter slot; 4. expansion rod; 41. magnetic sheet; 42. rotating shaft; 5. nut; 6. limit clamp; 61. opening and closing mouth; 62. force joint; 63. perforation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0050] The following is a further description with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0051] Example 1

[0052] like Figure 1As shown, a drilling device for coal mining includes a drill rod 1, one end of which is provided with a drill bit 2. The drill rod 1 cooperates with the drill bit 2 to facilitate installation on a drilling rig, so as to facilitate drilling of coal mines under the drive of the drilling rig. A centralizer 3 is sleeved on the drill rod 1, and a plurality of expansion rods 4 are evenly arranged on the side of the centralizer 3. One end of the expansion rod 4 is rotatably connected to the centralizer 3. An electric push rod 32 is arranged at the end of the centralizer 3 that is close to the expansion rod 4 and is not connected to the centralizer 3. The output end of the electric push rod 32 is against the expansion rod 4. The centralizer 3 cooperates with the expansion rod 4 to facilitate correction of the deflection of the drill bit 2 when the drill bit 2 deviates, so as to ensure that the drill bit 2 can accurately drill to the specified position in the coal seam. Nuts 5 are respectively arranged along the two ends of the centralizer 3 of the drill rod 1. The nuts 5 are pressed tightly on the end of the centralizer 3. The nuts 5 are convenient for fixing the position of the centralizer 3.

[0053] like Figure 2 As shown, a connector 11 is provided at one end of the drill rod 1, and an adapter ring 12 is provided at the other end; the connector 11 is convenient for connecting the drill rod 1 with the drill bit 2. At the same time, the connector 11 is also convenient for matching with the adapter ring 12, so that the drill rods 1 can be connected to each other. The side of the drill rod 1 is provided with threads 13 along the ends of the two centralizers 3, and the threads 13 are convenient for matching with the nuts 5 to fix the centralizers 3.

[0054] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the front end of the drill bit 2 is evenly provided with a plurality of pressure convex rods 21, and the pressure convex rods 21 are provided with a wear-resistant alloy cover 22, and the wear-resistant alloy cover 22 is provided with a plurality of wear-resistant alloy blades 23 on one side of the rotation direction of the drill bit 2; the pressure convex rods 21 cooperate with the wear-resistant alloy cover 22 and the wear-resistant alloy blades 23 to facilitate smooth drilling and extend the service life of the drill bit 2. The end of the drill bit 2 is provided with a first charging slot 24, and the first charging slot 24 is used to charge the drill bit 2 to ensure that the drill bit 2 can operate stably. The rear end of the drill bit 2 is provided with a mounting joint 25, and the mounting joint 25 is connected to the thread 13 of the connector 11; it is convenient for the drill bit 2 to be connected to the drill rod 1. The drill bit 2 is evenly provided with a plurality of spray holes 26, and the spray holes 26 are communicated with the inner cavity of the mounting joint 25. The spray holes 26 are convenient for spraying out cooling medium, and the spray holes 26 can also be used to collect gas.

[0055] like Figure 5As shown, the drill bit 2 is provided with an MCU control module, and the MCU control module is connected to a first power storage module, a temperature sensor, a gas concentration sensor, a gas flow sensor, a gyroscope, an inclination sensor, a pressure sensor and a data wireless transmission module; the first power storage module is used to store electricity to supply various components, the temperature sensor is used to sense the temperature of the drill bit 2 to ensure that the drill bit 2 is cooled down in time when the temperature is too high, the gas concentration sensor is used to detect the gas concentration near the drill bit 2, the gas concentration sensor is used to calculate the gas content when extracting gas, the gyroscope and the inclination sensor are used to determine the inclination and direction of the drill bit 2, the pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure that the drill bit 2 is subjected to during drilling, so as to determine whether the drill bit 2 encounters a hard rock formation, and the data wireless transmission module is used to transmit the data detected by each sensor to the terminal and the straightener 3 in a wireless manner.

[0056] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, multiple grooves 31 are evenly arranged on the side of the centralizer 3, and the grooves 31 are convenient for installing the expansion rod 4. And the grooves 31 are symmetrically provided with adapter grooves 37 on both sides of one end where the groove 31 is rotatably connected to the expansion rod 4, and the adapter groove 37 is convenient for the expansion rod 4 to be rotatably connected to the centralizer 3. A telescopic rod 33 is provided at the output end of the electric push rod 32, and a magnetic suction joint 34 is provided at the end of the telescopic rod 33. The telescopic rod 33 is convenient for driving the expansion rod 4 to unfold. At the same time, the magnetic suction joint 34 can be adsorbed on the expansion rod 4, ensuring that the telescopic rod 33 can drive the expansion plate to be embedded in the groove 31. A second charging slot 36 is provided at one end of the centralizer 3, and the second charging slot 36 is convenient for charging the inside of the centralizer 3. A sleeve hole 35 is provided in the middle of the centralizer 3; the sleeve hole 35 is convenient for being sleeved on the drill pipe 1. A rotating shaft 42 is symmetrically provided on both sides of one end of the expansion rod 4, and the rotating shaft 42 is rotatably connected to the adapter groove 37; this structure is convenient for the expansion rod 4 to rotate. A magnetic sheet 41 is provided in the middle of one side of the expansion rod 4 facing the centralizer 3; the magnetic sheet 41 is convenient for matching with the magnetic joint 34. A microprocessor is integrated inside the centralizer 3, and the microprocessor is connected to a second power storage module, a telescopic control module, a data receiving module and a data analysis module; the microprocessor is used to control the operation of the centralizer 3, the second power storage module is used to power various components inside the centralizer 3, the telescopic control module is used to control the operation of the electric push rod 32, the data receiving module is used to receive information transmitted by the drill bit 2, and the data analysis module is used to analyze and process the information received by the data receiving module.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] like Figure 1As shown, a drilling device for coal mining includes a drill rod 1, one end of which is provided with a drill bit 2. The drill rod 1 cooperates with the drill bit 2 to facilitate installation on a drilling rig, so as to facilitate drilling of coal mines under the drive of the drilling rig. A centralizer 3 is sleeved on the drill rod 1, and a plurality of expansion rods 4 are evenly arranged on the side of the centralizer 3. One end of the expansion rod 4 is rotatably connected to the centralizer 3. An electric push rod 32 is arranged at the end of the centralizer 3 that is close to the expansion rod 4 and is not connected to the centralizer 3. The output end of the electric push rod 32 is against the expansion rod 4. The centralizer 3 cooperates with the expansion rod 4 to facilitate correction of the deflection of the drill bit 2 when the drill bit 2 deviates, so as to ensure that the drill bit 2 can accurately drill to the specified position in the coal seam. Nuts 5 are respectively arranged along the two ends of the centralizer 3 of the drill rod 1. The nuts 5 are pressed tightly on the end of the centralizer 3. The nuts 5 are convenient for fixing the position of the centralizer 3.

[0059] like Figure 2 As shown, a connector 11 is provided at one end of the drill rod 1, and an adapter ring 12 is provided at the other end; the connector 11 is convenient for connecting the drill rod 1 with the drill bit 2. At the same time, the connector 11 is also convenient for matching with the adapter ring 12, so that the drill rods 1 can be connected to each other. The side of the drill rod 1 is provided with threads 13 along the ends of the two centralizers 3, and the threads 13 are convenient for matching with the nuts 5 to fix the centralizers 3.

[0060] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the front end of the drill bit 2 is evenly provided with a plurality of pressure convex rods 21, and the pressure convex rods 21 are provided with a wear-resistant alloy cover 22, and the wear-resistant alloy cover 22 is provided with a plurality of wear-resistant alloy blades 23 on one side of the rotation direction of the drill bit 2; the pressure convex rods 21 cooperate with the wear-resistant alloy cover 22 and the wear-resistant alloy blades 23 to facilitate smooth drilling and extend the service life of the drill bit 2. The end of the drill bit 2 is provided with a first charging slot 24, and the first charging slot 24 is used to charge the drill bit 2 to ensure that the drill bit 2 can operate stably. The rear end of the drill bit 2 is provided with a mounting joint 25, and the mounting joint 25 is connected to the thread 13 of the connector 11; it is convenient for the drill bit 2 to be connected to the drill rod 1. The drill bit 2 is evenly provided with a plurality of spray holes 26, and the spray holes 26 are communicated with the inner cavity of the mounting joint 25. The spray holes 26 are convenient for spraying out cooling medium, and the spray holes 26 can also be used to collect gas.

[0061] like Figure 5As shown, the drill bit 2 is provided with an MCU control module, and the MCU control module is connected to a first power storage module, a temperature sensor, a gas concentration sensor, a gas flow sensor, a gyroscope, an inclination sensor, a pressure sensor and a data wireless transmission module; the first power storage module is used to store electricity to supply various components, the temperature sensor is used to sense the temperature of the drill bit 2 to ensure that the drill bit 2 is cooled down in time when the temperature is too high, the gas concentration sensor is used to detect the gas concentration near the drill bit 2, the gas concentration sensor is used to calculate the gas content when extracting gas, the gyroscope and the inclination sensor are used to determine the inclination and direction of the drill bit 2, the pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure that the drill bit 2 is subjected to during drilling, so as to determine whether the drill bit 2 encounters a hard rock formation, and the data wireless transmission module is used to transmit the data detected by each sensor to the terminal and the straightener 3 in a wireless manner.

[0062] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, multiple grooves 31 are evenly arranged on the side of the centralizer 3, and the grooves 31 are convenient for installing the expansion rod 4. And the grooves 31 are symmetrically provided with adapter grooves 37 on both sides of one end where the groove 31 is rotatably connected to the expansion rod 4, and the adapter groove 37 is convenient for the expansion rod 4 to be rotatably connected to the centralizer 3. A telescopic rod 33 is provided at the output end of the electric push rod 32, and a magnetic suction joint 34 is provided at the end of the telescopic rod 33. The telescopic rod 33 is convenient for driving the expansion rod 4 to unfold. At the same time, the magnetic suction joint 34 can be adsorbed on the expansion rod 4, ensuring that the telescopic rod 33 can drive the expansion plate to be embedded in the groove 31. A second charging slot 36 is provided at one end of the centralizer 3, and the second charging slot 36 is convenient for charging the inside of the centralizer 3. A sleeve hole 35 is provided in the middle of the centralizer 3; the sleeve hole 35 is convenient for being sleeved on the drill pipe 1. A rotating shaft 42 is symmetrically provided on both sides of one end of the expansion rod 4, and the rotating shaft 42 is rotatably connected to the adapter groove 37; this structure is convenient for the expansion rod 4 to rotate. A magnetic sheet 41 is provided in the middle of one side of the expansion rod 4 facing the centralizer 3; the magnetic sheet 41 is convenient for matching with the magnetic joint 34. A microprocessor is integrated inside the centralizer 3, and the microprocessor is connected to a second power storage module, a telescopic control module, a data receiving module and a data analysis module; the microprocessor is used to control the operation of the centralizer 3, the second power storage module is used to power various components inside the centralizer 3, the telescopic control module is used to control the operation of the electric push rod 32, the data receiving module is used to receive information transmitted by the drill bit 2, and the data analysis module is used to analyze and process the information received by the data receiving module.

[0063] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Fig. 9As shown, it also includes a limit clamp 6, and a groove 14 is provided on the side of the drill pipe 1 along the end of the thread 13, the limit clamp 6 is clamped inside the groove 14, and the limit clamp 6 is against the end of the nut 5. This structure is convenient for abutting the nut 5 to prevent the nut 5 from loosening and causing the centralizer 3 to loosen, thereby affecting the normal use of the centralizer 3. An opening 61 is provided between the two ends of the limit clamp 6, and a force-applying joint 62 is provided at both ends of the limit clamp 6. A through hole 63 is provided in the middle of the force-applying joint 62. This structure is convenient for opening the opening 61 with pliers, so that the limit clamp 6 can be smoothly installed on the drill pipe 1 or removed from the drill pipe 1.

[0064] Working principle: When in use, assemble the drill bit 2, drill rod 1 and stabilizer 3 together, and connect the structure of drill bit 2, drill rod 1 and stabilizer 3 to the drilling rig, then move the drilling rig to the position where drilling is required, and adjust the inclination angles of drill rod 1 and drill bit 2 to facilitate drilling of coal seams at a suitable inclination angle; during the drilling process, the various sensors integrated inside the drill bit 2 will transmit the detected data to the terminal device, and the terminal can obtain the data during the drilling process, which is convenient for timely notification when the drill bit 2 is tilted, and also convenient for the terminal to understand the drilling situation in real time, and the terminal can adjust the deflection angle of the drill bit 2 in conjunction with the stabilizer 3 and the expansion rod 4, so as to facilitate accurate drilling.

[0065] To sum up, compared with the prior art, the present application senses whether the drill bit 2 is tilted by setting a gyroscope and a tilt sensor in the drill bit 2. If the drill bit 2 is tilted, the data wireless transmission module will transmit the data to the terminal and the stabilizer 3. The stabilizer 3 will control the corresponding expansion rod 4 to unfold by controlling the specified electric push rod 32. The inclination of the drill bit 2 is adjusted by the unfolding of the expansion rod 4, so that the drill bit 2 can be drilled at a normal angle to avoid excessive tilt of the drill bit 2 and cause large-scale deviations in the drilling. The drill bit 2 and the stabilizer 3 of this structure work together and are easy to control, which is convenient for assisting staff to accurately drill to the specified position in the coal seam.

[0066] Example 3

[0067] like Fig.10 As shown, a drilling method is used for coal mining, and the specific steps of the drilling method are as follows:

[0068] S100. Exploring the mined coal mine, determining the location, depth and inclination of the required drilling holes, and determining the geological structure on the drilling path; using high-precision geological radar and drilling coring technology when conducting geological exploration of the coal mining area, and selecting a drill bit 2 of suitable material and structure based on the coal seam hardness data obtained from geological survey. For coal seams with higher hardness, select a carbide drill bit 2 with high hardness and good wear resistance; for coal seams with lower hardness but greater toughness, select a drill bit 2 structure with good cutting performance and impact resistance, such as an insert drill bit 2. The drill rod 1 is made of high-strength and high-toughness alloy steel material, and its connection method adopts a reliable thread 13 connection, and ensures that the concentricity and straightness of the drill rod 1 meet the precision requirements to reduce energy loss and deflection risks during drilling.

[0069] S200, assembling the drill pipe 1 and the drill bit 2, and installing the centralizer 3 on the drill pipe 1, ensuring that the drill bit 2 and the centralizer 3 are fully charged, and then connecting the drill pipe 1 to the drilling rig;

[0070] S300, the drilling rig moves to the position where the hole needs to be drilled with the structure of the drill rod 1 and the drill bit 2, and adjusts the inclination of the drill bit 2, and performs precise installation and debugging. Ensure that the base of the drilling rig is horizontal and stable, and control the verticality error of the drilling rig within a very small range by adjusting the anchor bolts and the level gauge, generally not exceeding 0.1°. Perform a comprehensive inspection and debugging of the power system, transmission system, control system and various sensors to ensure the normal operation of all parts of the equipment, accurate and reliable data collection of sensors, and timely and accurate execution of control instructions of the control system, so as to ensure that the drill bit 2 can drill into the coal seam at a suitable inclination.

[0071] S400, drilling a coal seam, and during the drilling process, multiple sensors installed on the drill bit 2 collect drilling parameters in real time, transmit the data to the terminal device, and calculate the drilling speed and cooling medium flow rate based on the data;

[0072] S410, when the pressure sensor senses that the drilling pressure of the drill bit 2 increases, and thus determines that the hardness of the coal seam increases, resulting in an increase in the rotation torque of the drill bit 2, the control system automatically reduces the drilling speed and appropriately increases the output power of the power system to maintain the normal cutting state of the drill bit 2 and avoid damage to the drill bit 2 due to overload;

[0073] S420, the calculation formula for adjusting the drilling speed V of the drill bit 2 is as follows:

[0074]

[0075] Where V0 is the initial drilling speed, T d is the desired drilling torque, T a is the actual measured drilling torque, k vDrilling speed adjustment factor;

[0076] S430, when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the drill bit 2 rises to approach its maximum allowable operating temperature, the terminal device increases the flow of the cooling medium and appropriately reduces the drilling speed and torque to ensure the service life and drilling quality of the drill bit 2;

[0077] S440, the adjustment formula of cooling medium flow Q is:

[0078] Q=Q0+k q ×(T t -T max )

[0079] Where Q0 is the initial cooling medium flow rate, k q is the flow adjustment coefficient, T t is the real-time drill bit 2 temperature, T max The maximum temperature allowed for drill bit 2.

[0080] S500, when the drill bit 2 is tilted, the gyroscope and inclination sensor inside the drill bit 2 will determine the inclination angle and direction of the drill bit 2, and feed back these data to the terminal and the centralizer 3. After receiving these data, the centralizer 3 performs calculation and analysis to determine the plan for adjusting the inclination angle; the centralizer 3 controls the electric push rod to perform corresponding telescopic actions according to the direction and angle of the drill bit 2 deflection under the instruction of the terminal device, and applies lateral force to the drill rod 1 to make the drill bit 2 return to the predetermined drilling trajectory. The specific calculation method is as follows:

[0081] L=D×tan(θ)

[0082] Wherein, L is the extension and retraction amount of the electric push rod in the tilting direction of the drill bit 2, D is the distance from the centralizer 3 to the drill bit 2, and θ is the tilting angle of the drill bit 2 in a certain direction.

[0083] S600, after the drill bit 2 drills to the designated position in the coal seam, it stops drilling and stops supplying the cooling medium, and connects the cooling medium input port to the gas collection pipe. Under the action of the gas collection pipe, the gas in the coal seam will be collected into the gas collection pipe along the channel in the drill pipe 1; at the same time, the gas concentration sensor and gas flow sensor integrated on the drill bit 2 will detect the gas concentration and calculate the gas content;

[0084] S700, after the drilling is completed, the drill bit 2 and the drill rod 1 are withdrawn, and the drill hole is processed.

[0085] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drilling device for coal mining, comprising a drill rod (1), characterized in that: A drill bit (2) is provided at one end of the drill rod (1), and a centralizer (3) is sleeved on the drill rod (1). A plurality of expansion rods (4) are evenly arranged on the side of the centralizer (3). One end of the expansion rod (4) is rotatably connected to the centralizer (3). An electric push rod (32) is provided at one end of the centralizer (3) that is close to the expansion rod (4) and not connected to the centralizer (3). The output end of the electric push rod (32) abuts against the expansion rod (4). Nuts (5) are respectively provided along both ends of the drill rod (1) along the centralizer (3), and the nuts (5) are pressed tightly against the end of the centralizer (3).

2. A drilling device for coal mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the drill rod (1) is provided with a connector (11), and the other end is provided with an adapter ring (12); the side surface of the drill rod (1) is provided with threads (13) along the ends of the two centralizers (3).

3. A drilling device for coal mining according to claim 2, characterized in that: The front end of the drill bit (2) is evenly provided with a plurality of pressure protrusions (21), the pressure protrusions (21) are provided with a wear-resistant alloy cover (22), and the wear-resistant alloy cover (22) is provided with a plurality of wear-resistant alloy blades (23) on one side along the rotation direction of the drill bit (2); the end of the drill bit (2) is provided with a first charging slot (24), the rear end of the drill bit (2) is provided with a mounting joint (25), and the mounting joint (25) is connected to the thread (13) of the connector (11); the drill bit (2) is evenly provided with a plurality of spray holes (26), and the spray holes (26) are communicated with the inner cavity of the mounting joint (25).

4. A drilling device for coal mining according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drill bit (2) is provided with an MCU control module inside, and the MCU control module is connected to a first power storage module, a temperature sensor, a gas concentration sensor, a gas flow sensor, a gyroscope, an inclination sensor, a pressure sensor and a data wireless transmission module; the first power storage module is used to store electricity to supply various components, the temperature sensor is used to sense the temperature of the drill bit (2) to ensure that the drill bit (2) is cooled in time when the temperature is too high, the gas concentration sensor is used to detect the gas concentration near the drill bit (2), the gas concentration sensor is used to calculate the gas content when extracting gas, the gyroscope and the inclination sensor are used to determine the inclination and direction of the drill bit (2), the pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure that the drill bit (2) is subjected to during drilling, so as to determine whether the drill bit (2) encounters a hard rock formation, and the data wireless transmission module is used to transmit the data detected by each sensor to the terminal and the straightener (3) in a wireless manner.

5. A drilling device for coal mining according to claim 4, characterized in that: The side of the centralizer (3) is uniformly provided with a plurality of grooves (31), and the grooves (31) are symmetrically provided with adapter grooves (37) on both sides of one end of the expansion rod (4) for rotational connection; the output end of the electric push rod (32) is provided with a telescopic rod (33), and the end of the telescopic rod (33) is provided with a magnetic suction joint (34); one end of the centralizer (3) is provided with a second charging slot (36), and the middle of the centralizer (3) is provided with a sleeve hole (35); the two sides of one end of the expansion rod (4) are symmetrically provided with a rotating shaft (42), and the rotating shaft (42) is rotationally connected to the adapter groove (37); the expansion rod (4) is symmetrically provided with a rotating shaft (42) on both sides of one end of the expansion rod (4), and the rotating shaft (42) is rotationally connected to the adapter groove (37); the expansion rod (4) is oriented toward the centralizer A magnetic attraction sheet (41) is provided in the middle of one side of the straightener (3); a microprocessor is integrated inside the straightener (3), and the microprocessor is connected to a second power storage module, a telescopic control module, a data receiving module and a data analysis module; the microprocessor is used to control the operation of the straightener (3), the second power storage module is used to supply power to various components inside the straightener (3), the telescopic control module is used to control the operation of the electric push rod (32), the data receiving module is used to receive information transmitted by the drill bit (2), and the data analysis module is used to analyze and process the information received by the data receiving module.

6. A drilling device for coal mining according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also comprises a limit clamp (6), and a clamping groove (14) is provided on the side of the drill rod (1) along the end of the thread (13), the limit clamp (6) is clamped in the inner side of the clamping groove (14), and the limit clamp (6) is pressed against the end of the nut (5), an opening (61) is provided between the two ends of the limit clamp (6), and force joints (62) are provided at the two ends of the limit clamp (6), and a through hole (63) is provided in the middle of the force joint (62).

7. A drilling method for coal mining, using the drilling device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific steps of the drilling method are as follows: S100, explore the mined coal mine to determine the location, depth and inclination of the required drilling holes, and determine the geological structure on the drilling path; S200, assembling the drill rod (1) and the drill bit (2), and installing the centralizer (3) on the drill rod (1), ensuring that the drill bit (2) and the centralizer (3) are fully charged, and then connecting the drill rod (1) to the drilling rig; S300, the drilling machine cooperates with the drill rod (1) and the drill bit (2) to move to the position where a hole needs to be drilled, and the inclination of the drill bit (2) is adjusted to ensure that the drill bit (2) can drill into the coal seam at a suitable inclination; S400, drilling a coal seam, and during the drilling process, multiple sensors installed on the drill bit (2) collect drilling parameters in real time, transmit the data to a terminal device, and calculate the drilling speed and cooling medium flow rate based on the data; S500, when the drill bit (2) is tilted, the gyroscope and the inclination sensor inside the drill bit (2) determine the inclination angle and direction of the drill bit (2), and feed these data back to the terminal and the centralizer (3). After receiving these data, the centralizer (3) performs calculation and analysis to determine a plan for adjusting the inclination; S600, after the drill bit (2) drills to the designated position in the coal seam, it stops drilling and stops supplying the cooling medium, and connects the cooling medium input port to the gas collection pipeline. Under the action of the gas collection pipeline, the gas in the coal seam will be collected into the gas collection pipeline along the channel in the drill rod (1); at the same time, the gas concentration sensor and the gas flow sensor integrated on the drill bit (2) will detect the gas concentration and calculate the gas content; S700: After the drilling is completed, the drill bit (2) and the drill rod (1) are withdrawn, and the drill hole is processed.

8. A drilling method for coal mining according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the step S100, high-precision geological radar and drilling coring technology are used when conducting geological exploration of the coal mining area, and a drill bit (2) of suitable material and structure is selected based on the coal seam hardness data obtained from the geological survey.

9. A drilling method for coal mining according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S400, the specific steps of calculating the drilling speed and the cooling medium flow rate are as follows: S410, when the pressure sensor senses that the drilling pressure of the drill bit (2) increases, and thus determines that the hardness of the coal seam increases, resulting in an increase in the rotation torque of the drill bit (2), the control system automatically reduces the drilling speed and appropriately increases the output power of the power system to maintain the normal cutting state of the drill bit (2) and avoid damage to the drill bit (2) due to overload; S420, adjusting the drilling speed V of the drill bit (2) according to the following calculation formula: Where V0 is the initial drilling speed, T d is the desired drilling torque, T a is the actual measured drilling torque, k v Drilling speed adjustment factor; S430, when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the drill bit (2) rises to a level close to its maximum allowable operating temperature, the terminal device increases the flow rate of the cooling medium and appropriately reduces the drilling speed and torque to ensure the service life of the drill bit (2) and the drilling quality; S440. The adjustment formula of cooling medium flow Q is: Q=Q0+k q ×(T t -T max ) Where Q0 is the initial cooling medium flow rate, k q is the flow adjustment coefficient, T t is the real-time drill bit (2) temperature, T max is the maximum temperature allowed for the drill bit (2).

10. A drilling method for coal mining according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S500, the centralizer (3) controls the electric push rod to perform corresponding telescopic actions according to the direction and angle of the drill bit (2) deflection under the instruction of the terminal device, and applies lateral force to the drill rod to make the drill bit (2) return to the predetermined drilling trajectory. The specific calculation method is as follows: L=D×tan(θ) Wherein, L is the extension and retraction amount of the electric push rod in the tilting direction of the drill bit (2), D is the distance from the stabilizer (3) to the drill bit (2), and θ is the tilting angle of the drill bit (2) in a certain direction.

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