Shield tunneling machine for original diameter reconstruction of existing tunnel and use method of shield tunneling machine

Abstract

The shield tunneling machine comprises a shield body, the shield body sequentially comprises a front shield, a middle shield and a rear shield, and the shield tunneling machine is characterized in that an existing tunnel slicing assembly is arranged in the front shield, and a reconstruction segment assembling assembly is arranged in the middle shield. The using method comprises the following steps that firstly, the shield tunneling machine for original diameter reconstruction of the existing tunnel is designed according to the size of a duct piece of the existing tunnel needing to be reconstructed; 2, determining a tunneling mode of a shield tunneling machine for original diameter reconstruction of the existing tunnel as a slurry balance mode; thirdly, a shield tunneling machine for original diameter reconstruction of the existing tunnel is manufactured; and 4, surveying and setting out are conducted in the existing working well, and the assembly position of the shield tunneling machine for original diameter reconstruction of the existing tunnel is determined. The front end of the shield tunneling machine is used for slicing segments of an existing tunnel, the rear end of the shield tunneling machine is used for splicing reconstructed segments, the shield tunneling machine integrates modification and construction, the construction steps are simplified, and the construction period is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular to a shield machine for reconstructing an existing tunnel to its original diameter and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the sustained and rapid development of my country's economy, the traffic operation volume has increased dramatically. In view of the advantages of shield method in safety and speed, more and more tunnels are built by shield method. As time goes by, many shield tunnels with a long construction history have gradually reached their design service life. For shield tunnels that have exceeded their design service life, common treatment methods are: 1. New lines, the disadvantage is that there is a lack of ability to fully meet the needs of people passing around existing tunnels; 2. Repair existing tunnels, the disadvantage is that the clearance required for operation cannot be guaranteed; 3. Expand existing tunnels, the disadvantage is that the probability of implementation being affected by existing tunnel lines is not high; 4. Abandon existing tunnels, the disadvantage is that it not only cannot meet the needs of people passing around existing tunnels and the safety requirements of underground space, but also wastes underground space resources. In summary, the best solution is to ensure the original line operation function through reconstruction. In the process of construction, how to eliminate the impact of existing tunnels on construction is the key to the reconstruction of existing tunnels. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shield machine for reconstruction of an existing tunnel to its original diameter and a method of using the shield machine, so as to solve the problem of the influence of the existing tunnel line on the construction during the reconstruction of the existing tunnel.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A shield machine for reconstruction of an existing tunnel with the original diameter, comprising a shield body, wherein the shield body comprises a front shield, a middle shield and a rear shield in sequence, wherein an existing tunnel slicing component is arranged in the front shield, and a reconstruction segment assembly component is arranged in the middle shield; The existing tunnel slicing assembly includes a drill bit, a main drive unit and a cutting unit. The main drive unit is arranged at the middle of the front end of the front shield. The main drive unit is annular, and a cylinder is arranged on the inner ring. A drill bit is installed at the power output end of the main drive unit, and the drill bit is arranged at the front end of the front shield. The drill bit is a cylindrical structure, and a plurality of first steel wire brushes are arranged on the inner ring of the drill bit. The cutting unit is installed at the bottom of the drill bit cylinder. The reconstruction segment assembly assembly includes a segment assembly machine, which is installed in the middle shield and extends into the rear shield. A plurality of second steel wire brushes are arranged on the inner ring of the rear shield.

[0005] Preferably, the front shield and the middle shield are both double-layer shield shells, including a front shield inner shell, a middle shield inner shell and an outer shell. The front shield inner shell and the middle shield inner shell are bolted together, and the outer shell is disposed outside the bolted body of the front shield inner shell and the middle shield inner shell and fixed to each other.

[0006] Preferably, a M-beam is provided on the rear end surface of the middle shield inner shell, and the segment assembling machine is installed at the rear end of the M-beam.

[0007] Preferably, the front end of the drill bit is a toothed tool, the inner ring of the drill bit is adapted to the existing tunnel, and the existing tunnel is circular.

[0008] Preferably, the cutting unit includes a fixed arm, a telescopic arm, a tool holder and a cutting blade. The fixed arm is installed at the bottom of the drill barrel. The fixed arm is L-shaped. A telescopic arm is provided at one end of the fixed arm. A tool holder is rotatably provided at one end of the telescopic arm, and a cutting blade is rotatably provided on the tool holder.

[0009] A method for using a shield machine for reconstructing an existing tunnel to its original diameter comprises the following steps: Step 1: Design a shield machine for reconstruction of the existing tunnel according to the segment size of the existing tunnel to be reconstructed; Step 2: The tunneling mode of the shield machine for the reconstruction of the existing tunnel to its original diameter is determined to be the slurry balance mode; Step 3: Manufacturing a shield machine for reconstruction of the existing tunnel to its original diameter; Step 4: Conduct survey and layout in the existing working shaft to determine the assembly position of the shield machine for reconstruction of the original diameter of the existing tunnel; Step 5: Install the initial water stop device in the existing working well; Step 6: hoist the shield machine and supporting equipment for reconstruction of the original diameter of the existing tunnel in the existing starting working shaft; Step 7: Commissioning and acceptance of the shield machine for reconstruction of the existing tunnel to its original diameter; Step 8: Existing tunnels are rebuilt to their original diameter and excavated using a shield machine; Step 9: As the existing tunnel is rebuilt to its original diameter using a shield machine, the first wire brush moves forward closely to the existing tunnel; Step 10: As the existing tunnel is rebuilt to its original diameter using a shield machine, mud is delivered to the front end of the drill bit through the circulation system; Step 11: After the existing tunnel passes through the last wire brush on the inner ring of the drill bit, the existing tunnel is cut and removed by the cutting unit, and the removed existing tunnel is transported to the starting working shaft, hoisted out and transported to the waste dump; Step 12: After the shield machine excavates a segment position for the reconstruction of the original diameter of the existing tunnel, the reconstruction segment assembly assembly starts to install the new segment to construct a new tunnel; Step 13: Repeat steps 9 to 12 until the drill bit reaches the receiving working well; Step 14: After the shield machine for reconstruction of the original diameter of the existing tunnel arrives at the receiving position, the front shield inner shell, the middle shield inner shell and the M-shaped beam are removed in blocks by non-destructive demolition methods in the tunnel; Step 15: After the existing tunnel is rebuilt to its original diameter and the outer shell is dismantled by the shield machine, the components are hoisted out in blocks and transported out of the construction site; Step 16: Construct the portal ring beam and clean the tunnel; Step 17: Carry out the work of caulking and sealing the hand holes in the tunnel; Step 18: Complete the construction of the proposed tunnel.

[0010] Preferably, the circulation system includes an annular mud and water bin, a slurry inlet hole and a slurry outlet hole. The annular mud and water bin is a bin structure formed between the drill bit and the front end surface of the front shield. A slurry inlet hole is arranged at the upper part of the annular mud and water bin, and a slurry outlet hole is arranged at the lower part of the annular mud and water bin.

[0011] Preferably, in the step eleven, the cutting unit cuts the existing tunnel once each time the shield machine used for reconstruction of the existing tunnel to its original diameter excavates a distance of one ring along the existing tunnel.

[0012] In the present invention, the front shield and the middle shield are both double-layer shield shells with modular design and prefabricated construction. Under the condition that the receiving and hoisting reserved openings in the existing largest station are limited, the welding-free installation and cutting-free removal of the main engine components are realized to the maximum extent, the workload of cutting and restoring the partitions in the abandoned shield shell is reduced, the construction period is shortened, the construction cost is reduced, and the recycling degree of each component and the green construction level are improved.

[0013] The shield machine used for reconstruction of the existing tunnel to its original diameter can excavate while sealing and supporting the existing tunnel segments. It can also cut, dismantle and transport the existing tunnel segments. No manual operation is required throughout the process. The process is simple, safe and reliable. It effectively solves the problem that the existing tunnel cannot be used after reaching the end of its life, avoids the waste of underground space resources of the existing tunnel line, and saves manpower and financial resources.

[0014] The existing tunnel is rebuilt to its original diameter using a shield machine. The inner ring of the drill bit is compatible with the existing tunnel, and plays a role in supporting the existing tunnel segments during the reconstruction process. The wire brush set on the inner ring of the drill bit fits tightly with the outer surface of the existing tunnel, playing a sealing role.

[0015] The front end of the shield machine used for reconstruction of the existing tunnel to the original diameter is used to slice the segments of the existing tunnel, and the rear end is used to assemble the reconstruction segments. It is a shield machine that integrates reconstruction and construction. It effectively eliminates the impact of the existing tunnel line on the construction during the reconstruction of the existing tunnel to the original diameter, and there is no need for expansion excavation. Compared with the existing tunnel expansion technology, it eliminates the secondary drilling and expansion link of the tunnel, simplifies the construction steps, and shortens the construction period.

[0016] A cylinder is set inside the shield machine used for reconstruction of the original diameter of an existing tunnel as a personnel passage, so that the operator can observe the segment slicing operation of the existing tunnel in real time. It can also serve as a transportation passage for the existing tunnel segments after slicing. The transportation passage is not limited to transportation out of the cylinder, but can also be exported along the existing tunnel that has not been demolished according to the actual construction conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of the drill bit of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a longitudinal sectional view of the drill bit of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a front view structural diagram of the main drive unit of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a longitudinal sectional view of the main driving unit of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a side view of the cutting unit of the present invention; Figure 7 A top view of the cutting unit of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a front view of the cutting unit of the present invention; Fig. 9 This is a diagram of the shield body of the shield machine of the present invention; Fig.10 This is a front elevation view of the inner shell of the front shield of the present invention; Fig.11 This is a block diagram of the inner shell of the front shield of the present invention; Fig.12 It is a side elevation view of the inner shell of the front shield of the present invention; Fig.13 This is a block diagram of the inner shell of the shield in the present invention; Fig.14 This is a block diagram of the inner shell of the shield in the present invention; Fig.15 It is a side elevation view of the inner shell of the shield in the present invention; Fig.16 This is a front elevation view of the M-shaped beam of the present invention; Fig.17 This is a block diagram of the M-beam of the present invention; Fig.18 This is a side elevation view of the M-beam of the present invention; Fig.19 This is a front elevation view of the backing housing of the present invention; Fig. 20 It is a side elevation view of the backing housing of the present invention; In the figure: 1. shield body; 2. existing tunnel slicing assembly; 3. reconstruction segment assembly assembly; 4. circulation system; 5. existing tunnel; 10. front shield; 11. middle shield; 12. rear shield; 13. outer shell; 20. drill bit; 21. main drive unit; 22. cutting unit; 23. cylinder; 24. first wire brush; 30. segment assembler; 31. second wire brush; 40. annular mud and water bin; 41. slurry inlet hole; 42. slurry outlet hole; 100. front shield inner shell; 110. middle shield inner shell; 111. M-beam; 220. fixed arm; 221. telescopic arm; 222. tool holder; 223. cutting blade. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention will be further described with reference to the following drawings: like Figures 1 to 20 As shown, a shield machine for reconstruction of an existing tunnel with the original diameter includes a shield body 1, which includes a front shield 10, a middle shield 11 and a rear shield 12 in sequence. An existing tunnel slicing component 2 is arranged in the front shield 10, and a reconstruction segment assembly component 3 is arranged in the middle shield 11.

[0019] The existing tunnel slicing assembly 2 includes a drill bit 20, a main drive unit 21 and a cutting unit 22. The main drive unit 21 is arranged in the middle of the front end of the front shield 10. The main drive unit 21 is ring-shaped, and a cylinder 23 is arranged on the inner ring. The cylinder 23 can be used as a transportation channel after the existing tunnel 5 is cut, and can also be used as a channel for operators to pass through so that the operators can grasp the specific situation of the cutting of the existing tunnel 5 in front in real time.

[0020] A drill bit 20 is installed at the power output end of the main drive unit 21, and the drill bit 20 is arranged at the front end of the front shield 10. The drill bit 20 is a cylindrical structure, and a plurality of first steel wire brushes 24 are arranged on the inner ring of the drill bit 20, and a cutting unit 22 is installed at the bottom of the drill bit 20. The front end of the drill bit 20 is a toothed cutter, and the inner ring of the drill bit 20 is adapted to the existing tunnel 5, and the existing tunnel 5 is circular. During the operation, the first steel wire brush 24 has sealing properties, and is closely fitted with the outer surface of the existing tunnel.

[0021] The reconstruction segment assembly component 3 includes a segment assembly machine 30 , which is installed in the middle shield 11 and extends into the rear shield 12 . A plurality of second steel wire brushes 31 are arranged on the inner circle of the rear shield 12 .

[0022] The front shield 10 and the middle shield 11 are both double-layer shield shells, including a front shield inner shell 100, a middle shield inner shell 110 and an outer shell 13. The front shield inner shell 100 and the middle shield inner shell 110 are bolted together, and the outer shell 13 is disposed outside the bolted body of the front shield inner shell 100 and the middle shield inner shell 110 and fixed to each other. The front shield inner shell 100, the middle shield inner shell 110, the outer shell 13 and the rear shield are assembled and connected by bolts.

[0023] A M-beam 111 is provided on the rear end surface of the middle shield inner shell 110 , and the segment assembling machine 30 is installed at the rear end of the M-beam 111 .

[0024] The cutting unit 22 includes a fixed arm 220, a telescopic arm 221, a tool holder 222 and a cutting blade 223. The fixed arm 220 is installed at the bottom of the drill bit 20. The fixed arm 220 is L-shaped. A telescopic arm 221 is arranged at one end of the fixed arm 220. A tool holder 222 is rotatably arranged at one end of the telescopic arm 221. A cutting blade 223 is rotatably arranged on the tool holder 222.

[0025] In this example, the cutting unit rotates along with the rotation of the drill bit. At this time, the tool holder is in a state perpendicular to the axis of the existing tunnel, thereby realizing circular cutting of the existing tunnel. After the circular cutting is completed, the tool holder rotates around one end of the telescopic arm to be parallel to the axis of the existing tunnel, and the telescopic action of the telescopic arm is used to cut the existing tunnel after the circular cutting. After cutting a line, the cutting unit is driven to rotate a certain angle by the rotation of the drill bit, and then the telescopic action of the telescopic arm is repeated to cut the next cutting line.

[0026] In one embodiment, a stepper motor is installed at the front end of the telescopic arm, the stepper motor drives the tool holder to rotate, and the angle of the tool holder is controlled by controlling the step angle of the stepper motor to achieve a change in the relative position relationship between the tool holder and the existing tunnel axis.

[0027] A method for using a shield machine for reconstructing an existing tunnel to its original diameter comprises the following steps: Step 1: designing a shield machine for reconstruction of the original diameter of the existing tunnel according to the segment size of the existing tunnel 5 to be reconstructed; Step 2: The tunneling mode of the shield machine for the reconstruction of the existing tunnel to its original diameter is determined to be the slurry balance mode; Step 3: Manufacturing a shield machine for reconstruction of the existing tunnel to its original diameter; Step 4: Conduct survey and layout in the existing working shaft to determine the assembly position of the shield machine for reconstruction of the original diameter of the existing tunnel; Step 5: Install the initial water stop device in the existing working well; Step 6: hoist the shield machine and supporting equipment for reconstruction of the original diameter of the existing tunnel in the existing starting working shaft; Step 7: Commissioning and acceptance of the shield machine for reconstruction of the existing tunnel to its original diameter; Step 8: Existing tunnels are rebuilt to their original diameter and excavated using a shield machine; Step 9: As the existing tunnel is rebuilt to its original diameter using a shield machine, the first wire brush 24 moves forward closely along the existing tunnel 5; Step 10: As the existing tunnel is rebuilt to its original diameter using a shield machine, mud is transported to the front end of the drill bit 20 through the circulation system 4; In this example, the circulation system 4 includes an annular mud and water bin 40, a slurry inlet hole 41 and a slurry outlet hole 42. The annular mud and water bin 40 is a bin structure formed between the drill bit 20 and the front end surface of the front shield 10. The slurry inlet hole 41 is arranged at the upper part of the annular mud and water bin 40, and the slurry outlet hole 42 is arranged at the lower part of the annular mud and water bin 40.

[0028] Step 11: After the existing tunnel 5 passes through the last wire brush on the inner ring of the drill bit 20, the existing tunnel 5 is cut and removed by the cutting unit 22; In this example, the existing tunnel 5 is cut once by the cutting unit 22 every time the shield machine used for reconstruction of the original diameter of the existing tunnel excavates a distance of one ring along the existing tunnel 5; Specifically, the circular cutting is first performed: the electric push rod or hydraulic rod pushes the rotating arm to press against the inner wall of the existing tunnel, the drill bit drives the rotating arm to rotate, and the small motor drives the cutting blade to rotate, so as to perform circular cutting on the existing tunnel; Then carry out longitudinal cutting: firstly, the electric push rod or hydraulic rod retracts the rotating arm to make the cutting blade away from the inner wall of the existing tunnel, then the stepper motor drives the tool holder to rotate 90° around the front end of the telescopic arm to make it parallel to the axis of the existing tunnel, then the electric push rod and hydraulic rod push the rotating arm to make the cutting blade press against the inner wall of the existing tunnel, then the small motor drives the cutting blade to rotate, and then the electric push rod or hydraulic rod drives the telescopic arm to extend and retract to carry out longitudinal cutting of the existing tunnel; the tool holders in the two states cooperate with the rotation of the cutting blade to cut the existing tunnel into pieces along the pipe segment, and the dismantled existing tunnel 5 is transported to the starting working shaft, hoisted out and transported to the waste dump; Step 12: After the shield machine excavates a segment position for the reconstruction of the original diameter of the existing tunnel, the reconstruction segment assembly component 3 starts to install the new segment to construct a new tunnel; Step 13: Repeat steps 9 to 12 until the drill bit 20 reaches the receiving working well; Step 14: After the shield machine for reconstruction of the existing tunnel arrives at the receiving position, the front shield inner shell 100, the middle shield inner shell 110 and the M-shaped beam 111 are removed in blocks in the tunnel by using a non-destructive removal method; Step 15: After the existing tunnel is rebuilt with the shield machine and the shell 13 is dismantled, each component is lifted out in blocks and transported out of the construction site; Step 16: Construct the portal ring beam and clean the tunnel; Step 17: Carry out the work of caulking and sealing the hand holes in the tunnel; Step 18: Complete the construction of the proposed tunnel.

[0029] The above embodiments are only some illustrations of the concept and implementation of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the same. Under the concept of the present invention, technical solutions that have not been substantially changed are still within the scope of protection.

Claims

1. A shield machine for reconstruction of an existing tunnel, comprising a shield body (1), wherein the shield body (1) comprises a front shield (10), a middle shield (11) and a rear shield (12) in sequence, and wherein: An existing tunnel slicing component (2) is arranged in the front shield (10), and a rebuilt segment assembly component (3) is arranged in the middle shield (11); The existing tunnel slicing assembly (2) comprises a drill bit (20), a main drive unit (21) and a cutting unit (22); the main drive unit (21) is arranged at the middle of the front end of the front shield (10); the main drive unit (21) is annular, and a cylinder (23) is arranged on the inner ring; the drill bit (20) is installed at the power output end of the main drive unit (21), and the drill bit (20) is arranged at the front end of the front shield (10); the drill bit (20) is a cylindrical structure, and a plurality of first steel wire brushes (24) are arranged on the inner ring of the drill bit (20); and the cutting unit (22) is installed at the bottom of the drill bit (20); The reconstruction segment assembly component (3) comprises a segment assembly machine (30), the segment assembly machine (30) is installed in the middle shield (11), and the segment assembly machine (30) extends into the rear shield (12) during operation, and a plurality of second steel wire brushes (31) are arranged on the inner ring of the rear shield (12).

2. The shield machine for reconstruction of an existing tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front shield (10) and the middle shield (11) are both double-layer shield shells, comprising a front shield inner shell (100), a middle shield inner shell (110) and an outer shell (13); the front shield inner shell (100) and the middle shield inner shell (110) are bolted together, and the outer shell (13) is disposed outside the bolted body of the front shield inner shell (100) and the middle shield inner shell (110) and fixed to each other.

3. The shield machine for reconstruction of an existing tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: A M-beam (111) is provided on the rear end surface of the middle shield inner shell (110), and the segment assembly machine (30) is installed at the rear end of the M-beam (111).

4. The shield machine for reconstruction of an existing tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end of the drill bit (20) is a toothed cutter, and the inner ring of the drill bit (20) is adapted to the existing tunnel (5), and the existing tunnel (5) is circular.

5. The shield machine for reconstruction of an existing tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting unit (22) comprises a fixed arm (220), a telescopic arm (221), a tool holder (222) and a cutting blade (223); the fixed arm (220) is mounted on the bottom of the drill bit (20); the fixed arm (220) is L-shaped; a telescopic arm (221) is arranged at one end of the fixed arm (220); a tool holder (222) is rotatably arranged at one end of the telescopic arm (221); and a cutting blade (223) is rotatably arranged on the tool holder (222).

6. The method for using a shield machine for reconstruction of an existing tunnel according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: designing a shield machine for reconstruction of the existing tunnel (5) according to the segment size of the existing tunnel (5) to be reconstructed; Step 2: The tunneling mode of the shield machine for the reconstruction of the existing tunnel to its original diameter is determined to be the slurry balance mode; Step 3: Manufacturing a shield machine for reconstruction of the existing tunnel to its original diameter; Step 4: Conduct survey and layout in the existing working shaft to determine the assembly position of the shield machine for reconstruction of the original diameter of the existing tunnel; Step 5: Install the initial water stop device in the existing working well; Step 6: hoist the shield machine and supporting equipment for reconstruction of the original diameter of the existing tunnel in the existing starting working shaft; Step 7: Commissioning and acceptance of the shield machine for reconstruction of the existing tunnel to its original diameter; Step 8: Existing tunnels are rebuilt to their original diameter and excavated using a shield machine; Step 9: As the existing tunnel is rebuilt to its original diameter using a shield machine, the first wire brush (24) moves forward closely to the existing tunnel (5); Step 10: As the existing tunnel is rebuilt to its original diameter using a shield machine, mud is transported to the front end of the drill bit (20) through the circulation system (4); Step 11: After the existing tunnel (5) passes through the last wire brush on the inner ring of the drill bit (20), the existing tunnel (5) is cut and removed by the cutting unit (22), and the removed existing tunnel (5) is transported to the starting working shaft, lifted out and transported to the waste dump; Step 12: After the shield machine excavates a segment position for the reconstruction of the original diameter of the existing tunnel, the reconstruction segment assembly component (3) starts to install the new segment to construct a new tunnel; Step 13: Repeat steps 9 to 12 until the drill bit (20) reaches the receiving working well; Step 14: After the shield machine for reconstruction of the existing tunnel arrives at the receiving position, the front shield inner shell (100), the middle shield inner shell (110) and the M-shaped beam (111) are removed in blocks in the tunnel by using a non-destructive removal method; Step 15: After the shell (13) of the existing tunnel is abandoned and dismantled, the components are lifted out piece by piece and transported out of the construction site; Step 16: Construct the portal ring beam and clean the tunnel; Step 17: Carry out the work of caulking and sealing the hand holes in the tunnel; Step 18: Complete the construction of the proposed tunnel.

7. The method of use according to claim 6, characterized in that: The circulation system (4) comprises an annular mud and water bin (40), a slurry inlet hole (41) and a slurry outlet hole (42); the annular mud and water bin (40) is a bin structure formed between the drill bit (20) and the front end surface of the front shield (10); the slurry inlet hole (41) is arranged at the upper part of the annular mud and water bin (40), and the slurry outlet hole (42) is arranged at the lower part of the annular mud and water bin (40).

8. The method of use according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the step eleven, each time the shield machine for reconstruction of the existing tunnel to its original diameter excavates one ring distance along the existing tunnel (5), the cutting unit (22) cuts the existing tunnel (5) once.

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