Automatic speed limiter of elevator

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic speed governor for an elevator. The automatic speed governor is composed of a fly ball mechanism and a base, wherein the fly ball mechanism comprises a follow-up part and a driven part; braking of the elevator is completed through connected accessories; the connected accessories are universal accessories of an existing car elevator and comprise a guide rail, a brake rod assembly and safety tongs. A complete elevator system is formed by the elevator and external components; a tensioning wheel is connected with a follow-up part through a common coupling shaft and installed on a bearing on the upper portion of a main support, an auxiliary support and the follow-up part are fixed to the main support through screws, and a tensioning wheel mechanism and a fly ball mechanism are combined and linked. Springs are sleeved in the adjusting screws to lock the middle of the main support and the connecting column, so that the tensioning wheel is tightly attached to the guide rail and rotates along with the up-down movement of the elevator car; the lower portion of the main support is connected to the supporting plate through connecting screws. The tensioning wheel on the co-coupling shaft and the follow-up part rotate synchronously, and the fly ball of the follow-up part is in a tightened state under the restraining force of the spring and does not make contact with the shell; when the stall speed of the elevator is larger than 15%, centrifugal force enables the fly balls to be thrown out to hook inner teeth of the shell and drive the inner teeth to rotate together. The rotating shaft, the steel cable seat, the steel cable and the brake rod which are connected with the shell are driven to rotate when the shell rotates; the brake rod rotates to lift the brake shoe, the brake shoe clamps the guide pipe under the constraint of the clamp, and therefore the braking effect is achieved.

Description

Background Art

[0001] The existing automatic speed limiter of an elevator uses a steel cable that rises and falls with the elevator from top to bottom. The automatic speed limiter pulls the steel cable to lift the brake lever for braking. However, the fall of an elevator is basically related to the breakage of the lifting steel cable. When the steel cable breaks, the direction of its swing is unpredictable, and the force of the swing is also very large. It is very likely to hit the steel cable of the brake system when it swings, causing the brake device to fail. The tensioner wheel and the brake steel cable in the tensioner wheel mechanism work by friction, and will fail when oil and dirt enter. When the elevator is in use, there are parts that need to be lubricated. Therefore, a device is needed that will not affect the operation of the brake device when the lifting steel cable breaks and swings randomly, or when there are oil and foreign matter, to protect the safety of passengers and the elevator. Technical Field

[0002] The invention relates to elevator design and manufacturing technology, in particular to an elevator automatic speed governor. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing automatic speed limiter of the elevator and realize the safe braking of the elevator, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: the automatic speed limiter of the elevator is composed of a tensioning wheel mechanism, a flyweight mechanism (including: a follower and a driven part), and a base; and the braking of the elevator is completed through the connected accessories; the connected accessories are common accessories of the existing car elevators, including guide rails, brake rod assemblies, and safety clamps; and together with external components, a complete elevator system is formed; its external components include a car, a column, a beam, and a secondary beam; their structures and functions are consistent with the accessories in the existing elevators; the guide rails, the brake rod assembly, and the safety clamp are common accessories used in the existing elevators, and their structures and functions are also consistent, so they will not be described in detail here. A guide rail is installed on each side of the elevator shaft, and the inner side of the guide rail is a column outside the elevator car. The car is connected to the columns by beams on the upper and lower sides. An automatic speed limiter is installed on one side under the lower beam, and the column on the other side under the beam is extended to the position of the bottom plate of the automatic speed limiter, and then reinforced on both sides with secondary beams. A brake rod assembly is installed under the automatic speed limiter and the secondary beam; a safety clamp is installed under the brake rod assembly.

[0004] The seat body of the automatic speed limiter of the elevator is composed of a cover plate, a connecting column, a bottom plate, a support plate, a wear scale line, a left baffle plate and a right baffle plate; the cover plate and the bottom plate are welded together by a connecting column, and there are screw holes on the connecting column; there are mounting screw holes on the sides of the cover plate and the bottom plate, and there are also cable holes on the bottom plate; the support plate is welded to the bottom plate, and there are wear scale lines and screw holes on the support plate; the baffle is divided into a left baffle plate and a right baffle plate, which are fixed to the cover plate and the bottom plate with screws; the lower part of the left baffle plate is extended to block the cable seat behind the brake rod below, and there are fan-shaped shaft holes and brake rod holes on the baffle plate to prevent the connecting shaft of the two cable seats from being deformed during the pulling of the cable; the baffle protects the internal device from three sides from being damaged and failed due to being hit by the broken lifting cable.

[0005] The tensioner mechanism is composed of a tensioner, a common shaft, an adjusting screw, a spring, a main bracket and a bearing; a bearing is installed on the upper part of the main bracket, and the common shaft is installed in the bearing, a tensioner is installed on one side of the common shaft, and a follower of the hammer mechanism is installed on the other side; the middle part of the main bracket is fixed to the connecting column with an adjusting screw sleeve spring; the lower part of the main bracket is connected to the support plate with a connecting screw, and the main bracket can rotate freely on the connecting screw; there is also a pointer on one side of the lower part of the main bracket.

[0006] The fly hammer mechanism is composed of a follower and a driven part; the follower is composed of a circular plate, a fly hammer, a compression rod, a spring, and a connecting rod; the other side of the common shaft of the tensioner mechanism is welded to one side of the circular plate, and two fly hammers, a compression rod, a spring, and a connecting rod are installed on the other side of the circular plate; the compression rod seat is fixed on the circular plate; one side of the compression rod has a spring position, which is inserted into the inner hole of the spring and then into the compression rod seat, and the compression rod can move freely in the compression rod seat; the other side of the compression rod is provided with a fly hammer mounting seat, which is used to connect a fly hammer tail, and the front of the fly hammer is screwed The thread connects one side of the connecting rod, and the other side of the connecting rod is connected to the tail of another flyweight; the middle parts of the two flyweights are fixed to the round plate with screws, and the flyweights can rotate freely on the screws; the flyweights of the follower part are usually in a tightened state under the action of the spring, and will not touch the shell when rotating; the tensioner wheel mechanism and the follower part of the flyweight mechanism are rotated synchronously by a common shaft; the driven part is composed of a shell, a rotating shaft, a bearing, a sub-bracket, a steel cable seat, and a steel cable; a screw hole is provided at the bottom of the sub-bracket for connecting to the main bracket; a screw hole is installed on the top of the sub-bracket The bearing has a rotating shaft installed in it; one side of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the shell with a nut, and the other side is inserted into the rotating shaft hole of the baffle. A steel cable seat is also provided on the rotating shaft, and a screw is provided on the steel cable seat to fix the steel cable; there are threads at the rear of the rotating shaft to install nuts, which are installed on both sides of the fan-shaped rotating shaft hole, but do not clamp the left baffle to support the rotating shaft when it rotates to prevent the rotating shaft from deforming; the fan-shaped rotating shaft hole is a roundness centered on the connecting screw. After the tensioning wheel is worn, when the main bracket moves forward, the common shaft and the rotating shaft can move synchronously; the steel cable After being wrapped around the cable seat for several times, it passes through the cable hole of the bottom plate, and after being wrapped around the cable seat for several times, it is connected to the cable seat welded on the brake rod. The cable seat is provided with screws for fixing the cable. The outer shell is a cylinder with teeth inside. When the flyweight is stuck on the teeth, it can drive the outer shell to rotate together. After the auxiliary bracket and the main bracket are connected with screws, a combined bracket is formed, so that the follower part and the driven part are combined into a flyweight mechanism assembly, and become a common bracket for the tensioning wheel mechanism and the flyweight mechanism, and at the same time make the common shaft and the rotating shaft in a concentric state.

[0007] Its working principle is that the tensioner wheel is connected with the follower part by a common shaft and is installed on the bearing on the upper part of the main bracket, and the sub-bracket and the follower part are fixed to the main bracket with screws, so that the tensioner wheel mechanism and the flyweight mechanism are combined and linked; the spring inside the adjusting screw is used to lock the middle part of the main bracket and the connecting column, so that the tensioner wheel is close to the guide rail and rotates up and down with the elevator car; the lower part of the main bracket is connected to the support plate with a connecting screw; the tensioner wheel on the common shaft rotates synchronously with the follower, and the flyweight of the follower is in a tightened state under the restraining force of the spring and does not contact the outer shell; when the elevator stalls more than 15%, the centrifugal force will cause the flyweight to be thrown outward to hook the inner teeth of the outer shell and drive it to rotate together; when the outer shell rotates, it will drive the rotating shaft, cable seat, cable and brake rod connected to it to rotate; the rotation of the brake rod will lift the brake shoe, and the brake shoe clamps the catheter under the restraint of the clamp, thereby achieving a braking effect.

[0008] The biggest advantage of this device is that even when the lifting cable is broken and swings around, or when there is oil stain, it will not affect the operation of the braking device; it reduces the weight of the existing elevator brake cable and saves costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation manner of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings described in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0010] Figure 1 This is the general assembly diagram of the elevator in the embodiment of the present invention: Figure 2 This is the left side view of the structure of the automatic speed limiter for elevators in the embodiment of the present invention: Figure 3 This is the right side view of the structure decomposition of the automatic speed limiter of the elevator in the embodiment of the present invention: Figure 4 This is a diagram of the brake shoe state when the automatic speed limiter of the elevator in the embodiment of the present invention is not working: Figure 5 This is a diagram of the brake shoe state when the elevator automatic speed limiter is working in an embodiment of the present invention: Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the fly hammer follower in an embodiment of the present invention: Figure 7 This is a state diagram of the flyweight, compression rod and connecting rod when the flyweight mechanism is not working in the embodiment of the present invention: Figure 8 This is a state diagram of the flyweight, compression rod and connecting rod when the flyweight mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention is working: Fig. 9 This is an exploded view of the seat body in the embodiment of the present invention: Fig.10 This is a seat assembly diagram in an embodiment of the present invention: Fig.11 This is a shell diagram in an embodiment of the present invention: Fig.12 This is a diagram of the main support in an embodiment of the present invention: Fig.13 The auxiliary bracket diagram in the embodiment of the present invention is as follows: Fig.14 The circular plate and the associated axis diagram in the embodiment of the present invention: Fig.15 The rotating shaft, the cable seat and the cable diagram in the embodiment of the present invention are shown as follows: Fig.16 This is a diagram of the brake lever assembly in an embodiment of the present invention: Fig.17 The diagram of the adjusting screw with spring in the embodiment of the present invention is as follows: Fig.18 The connecting screw diagram in the embodiment of the present invention is as follows: Fig.19 The tensioner diagram in the embodiment of the present invention is as follows: Fig. 20 This is a left side view of the assembly of the tensioner mechanism and the follower of the flyweight mechanism on the seat body in the embodiment of the present invention: Fig.21 This is a right side view of the assembly of the tensioner mechanism and the follower of the flyweight mechanism on the seat body in the embodiment of the present invention: Fig. 22 This is the left side view of the assembly after the follower and driven parts of the flyweight mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention are connected through the main bracket and the auxiliary bracket: Fig.23 This is the right side view of the assembly after the follower and the driven part of the flyweight mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention are connected through the main bracket and the auxiliary bracket: Fig.24 This is the assembly diagram of the tensioner mechanism and the flyweight mechanism on the seat body in the embodiment of the present invention, and is also the general assembly diagram of the elevator automatic speed governor, with the accessory cable seat: Description of reference numerals: 1 tensioner mechanism; 2 fly hammer mechanism; 3 seat body; 4 brake rod assembly; 5 safety pliers; 6 cover plate; 7 connecting column; 8 bottom plate; 9 support plate; 10 wear scale line; 11 left baffle plate; 11-1 fan-shaped shaft hole; 12 right baffle plate; 13 guide rail; 14 tensioner; 15 common shaft; 16-1, 16-2 bearings; 17 main bracket; 17-1 pointer; 18 adjustment screw; 18-1 connecting screw; 19 spring; 20 round plate; 21 compression rod; 21-1 Compression rod seat; 22 spring; 23-1, 23-2 flyweight; 24 connecting rod; 25 housing; 26 rotating shaft; 26-1, 26-2, 26-3, 26-4 nut; 27-1, 27-2 cable seat; 28 cable; 29-1, 29-2 screw; 30 bearing; 31 auxiliary bracket; 32 brake rod; 33 brake rod seat; 34 brake shoe; 35 clamp; 36 column; 37 beam; 37-1 auxiliary beam; 38 car; 39 speed limiter assembly. Implementation

[0011] The installation and connection method is as follows: the guide rail 13 is installed on both sides of the elevator shaft, the column 36 is located on the inner side of the guide rail 13, and the column 36 is connected to two cross beams 37 at the upper and lower sides, and the car 38 is connected to the column 36 at the upper and lower sides by cross beams 37, and an automatic speed limiter 39 is installed on one side below the lower cross beam 37, and the column on the other side below the cross beam 37 is extended to the position of the bottom plate of the automatic speed limiter 39, and then reinforced on both sides with a secondary cross beam 37-1, and a brake rod assembly 4 is installed below the automatic speed limiter 39 and the secondary cross beam 37-1; a safety clamp 5 is installed below the brake rod assembly 4; Figure 1 .

[0012] The seat body 3 of the elevator automatic speed limiter 39 is composed of a cover plate 6, a connecting column 7, a bottom plate 8, a support plate 9, a wear scale line 10, a left baffle 11, and a right baffle 12; Fig. 9 The cover plate 6 and the bottom plate 8 are welded together by a connecting column 7, and there are screw holes on the connecting column 7; there are mounting screw holes on the sides of the cover plate 6 and the bottom plate 8, and there is a cable hole on the bottom plate 8; the support plate 9 is welded on the bottom plate 8, and there are wear scale lines 10 and screw holes on the support plate 9; the left baffle plate 11 and the right baffle plate 12 are fixed to the cover plate 6 and the bottom plate 8 with screws; the lower part of the left baffle plate 11 on one side of the rotating shaft 26 extends to block the cable seat 27-1 behind the brake rod 32 below, and the baffle plate has a rotating shaft hole for installing the rotating shaft 26 behind the cable seat 27-1, and a brake rod hole for installing the brake rod 32 behind the cable seat 27-2, which is used to prevent the rotating shaft 26 and the brake rod 32 from deforming when the rotating shaft 26 is pulling the cable; the baffle protects the internal device from three sides from being damaged and ineffective due to being hit by the broken lifting cable.

[0013] The tensioning wheel mechanism 1 is composed of a tensioning wheel 14, such as Fig.19 ; Common shaft 15, bearings 16-1, 16-2; main bracket 17, adjustment screw 18; connecting screw 18-1; spring 19; bearings 16-1, 16-2 are installed on the upper part of the main bracket 17, and the common shaft 15 is installed in the bearings 16-1, 16-2. The common shaft 15 is installed with a tensioner 14 on one side and a circular plate 20 in the follower part of the fly hammer mechanism 2 on the other side; the middle part of the main bracket 17 is fixed to the connecting column 7 with an adjustment screw 18 and a spring 19; the lower part of the main bracket 17 is connected to the support plate 9 with a connecting screw 18-1, and the main bracket 17 can rotate freely on the connecting screw 18-1; there is also a pointer 17-1 on one side of the lower part of the main bracket 17; such as Fig.12 .

[0014] The fly hammer mechanism 2 is composed of a follower and a driven part; the follower is composed of a circular plate 20, a compression rod 21, a spring 22, fly hammers 23-1, 23-2, and a connecting rod 24; Figure 6 The other side of the common shaft 15 of the tensioning wheel mechanism 1 is welded to one side of the circular plate 20, such as Fig.14; On the other side of the circular plate 20, two flyweights 23-1, 23-2, a compression rod 21, a compression rod seat 21-1, a spring 22, and a connecting rod 24 are installed; the 21-1 compression rod seat is fixed on the circular plate; one side of the compression rod 21 has a spring position, which is inserted into the inner hole of the spring 22 and then into the compression rod seat 21-1, and the compression rod 21 can move freely in the compression rod seat 21-1; a flyweight 23-1 mounting seat is provided on the other side of the compression rod 21, which is used to connect the tail of a flyweight 23-1, the front part of the flyweight 23-1 is connected to one side of the connecting rod 24 with a screw, and the other side of the connecting rod 24 is connected to the tail of another flyweight 23-2; the middle parts of the two flyweights 23-1 and 23-2 are fixed to the circular plate 20 with screws, and the flyweights 23-1 and 23-2 can rotate freely on the screws; the flyweights 23-1 and 23-2 of the follower are usually in a tightened state under the action of the spring 22, and will not contact the housing 25 when rotating; Figure 7 ; The tensioner mechanism 1 and the follower part of the fly hammer mechanism 2 are synchronously rotated by the common shaft 15; Fig. 20 , Fig.21 The driven part is composed of a housing 25, a rotating shaft 26, steel cable seats 27-1, 27-2, a steel cable 28, screws 29-1, 29-2, a bearing 30, a sub-bracket 31, steel cable seats 27-1, 27-2, and a steel cable 28; a screw hole is provided at the lower part of the sub-bracket 31 for connecting to the main bracket 17; a bearing 30 is installed at the upper part of the sub-bracket 31, and a rotating shaft 26 is installed in the bearing 30; both sides of the rotating shaft 26 have screw threads, one side of the rotating shaft 26 is connected to the housing 25 with a nut 26-1, and the other side is inserted into the fan-shaped rotating shaft hole 11-1 of the left baffle 11, and 26- Nuts 2, 26-3, and 26-4 are installed on both sides of the fan-shaped shaft hole 11-1; a steel cable seat 27-1 is also provided on the shaft 26, and a screw 29-1 is provided on the steel cable seat 27-1 to fix the steel cable 28. After the steel cable 28 is wound around the steel cable seat 27-1 for several turns, it passes through the steel cable hole of the bottom plate 8, and after being wound around the steel cable seat 27-2 for several turns, it is fixed to the steel cable seat 27-2 with screws 29-2; the outer shell 25 is a cylinder with teeth inside, as shown in Figure 11; when the fly hammers 23-1 and 23-2 are stuck on the teeth of the outer shell 25, they can drive the outer shell 25 to rotate together; Figure 8 After the auxiliary bracket 31 and the main bracket 17 are connected by screws, a combined bracket is formed, so that the follower and the driven part are combined into a flyweight mechanism 2 assembly, and become a common bracket of the tensioner mechanism 1 and the flyweight mechanism 2, and at the same time make the common shaft 15 and the rotating shaft 26 in a concentric state; Fig. 22 , Fig.23 .

[0015] Its working principle is the automatic speed limiter of the elevator, such as Fig.24The tensioner 14 is connected to the circular plate 20 of the follower by the common shaft 15 and installed on the bearings 16-1 and 16-2 on the upper part of the main bracket 17. The auxiliary bracket 31 and the follower are fixed to the main bracket 17 by screws, so that the tensioner mechanism 1 and the hammer mechanism 2 are combined and linked; the spring lock 19 in the inner sleeve of the adjusting screw 18 locks the middle part of the main bracket 17 and the connecting column 7, so that the tensioner 14 is close to the guide rail 14 and rotates up and down with the elevator car 38; the lower part of the main bracket 17 is connected to the support plate 9 by the connecting screw 18-1; the tensioner 14 on the common shaft 15 is synchronized with the follower The flyweights 23-1 and 23-2 of the follower are in a tightened state under the restraining force of the spring 22 and are not in contact with the housing 25. When the elevator stalls by more than 15%, the centrifugal force causes the flyweights 23-1 and 23-2 to be thrown outward to hook the inner teeth of the housing 25 and drive them to rotate together. When the housing 25 rotates, the rotating shaft 26, the cable seats 27-1 and 27-2, the cable 28 and the brake rod 32 connected thereto are driven to rotate. When the brake rod 32 rotates, the brake shoe 34 is lifted, and the brake shoe 34 clamps the conduit 13 under the restraint of the clamp 35, thereby achieving a braking effect.

Claims

1. The automatic speed limiter of an elevator is characterized in that it includes a tensioner mechanism, a flyweight mechanism (including: a follower part and a driven part), and a base; and the elevator is braked through the connected accessories; the connected accessories are common accessories of existing car elevators, including guide rails, brake rod assemblies, and safety clamps.

2. The automatic speed limiter of the elevator is installed under the elevator crossbeam, a brake rod assembly is installed under the automatic speed limiter of the elevator, and a brake caliper is installed under the brake rod assembly.

3. The following parts of the tensioner mechanism and the fly-hammer mechanism rotate up and down with the elevator at ordinary times, while the driven part and the transmission mechanism of the fly-hammer mechanism remain stationary; when the elevator stalls, the fly-hammer of the following part is thrown outward because the centrifugal force is greater than the restraining force of the spring, driving the driven part to rotate together; the driven part then drives the brake rod to lift the brake shoe, The brake shoe clamps the guide rail under the constraint of the clamp, thus completing the braking process.

4. According to claim 1, in the automatic speed limiter of the elevator, the tensioner of the tensioner mechanism and the follower of the flyweight mechanism are connected by a common shaft, so that the tensioner of the tensioner mechanism and the follower of the flyweight mechanism rotate synchronously; the main bracket and the auxiliary bracket are used as supports for the tensioner mechanism and the flyweight mechanism; the spring in the adjusting screw is used to make the tensioner rotate close to the guide rail.

5. According to the automatic speed limiter of the elevator as claimed in claim 1, when the running speed of the elevator is greater than 15%, the spring restraint force of the follower part of the flyweight mechanism will be overcome, and the flyweight will be thrown out to hook the toothed housing and drive the driven part to rotate together.

6. In the automatic speed governor of an elevator according to claim 1, the baffle plays the role of protecting the internal mechanism and supporting the rotating shaft and the brake rod. The fan-shaped hole in the baffle is when the tensioner pulley is worn and the coupling shaft and the rotating shaft are displaced, and the baffle can also support the rotating shaft.

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