Analysis method for determining melting degree of semi-finished product extruded by cable material extruder

Abstract

The invention discloses an analysis method for determining the melting degree of a semi-finished product extruded by a cable material extruder, and relates to the technical field of detection methods, and the analysis method comprises the following steps: cutting out a semi-finished product sample in the extrusion process of the cable material extruder, and dividing the extruded semi-finished product into a dispersed particle group and a particle aggregation group; the method comprises the following steps: intercepting a sample, pre-treating the intercepted sample, removing impurities on the surface, cooling to a required temperature, respectively performing sample extraction for dispersed particles and particle aggregation, randomly extracting two samples for dispersed particles, each sample comprising original particles, deformed particles and molten particles. By analyzing the percentage contents of the original particles, the deformed particles, the molten particles and the melt in the semi-finished product extruded by the cable material extruder, the melting degree of the semi-finished product extruded by the cable material extruder is accurately determined, an objective basis is provided for quality evaluation of the cable material, and the quality stability of the cable material can be remarkably improved; and the quality problem caused by improper melting degree is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of detection methods, and in particular to an analysis method for determining the melting degree of a semi-finished product extruded by a cable material extruder. Background Art

[0002] Plastics used for insulation and sheathing of wires and cables are called cable materials, including rubber, plastic, nylon, etc. Extruders are the main equipment for processing cable materials, which are used to continuously produce semi-finished products. Free-flowing plastic particles or powders are melted by friction and heating in the extruder, and a uniform, highly fluid melt is produced under a certain pressure, which is the semi-finished product. The high-viscosity melt is continuously transported to the mold for forming. During the extrusion process, the material changes from solid to liquid in the melting zone, the solid content continues to decrease, and the melt content continues to increase. Different screw configurations and process parameters will lead to different degrees of melting. In the process of cable material processing, because the state of the semi-finished product is difficult to characterize, in order to quickly determine the degree of melting of the extruder discharge, an observation window is set between the extruder and the forming die. It is impossible to accurately determine the degree of melting of the semi-finished product. It takes a long time to confirm the degree of melting by chemical method after taking out the semi-finished product, which is not suitable for quickly confirming the degree of melting, and timely adjusting the screw configuration and process parameters, etc., so as to solve the problem of the degree of melting of the semi-finished product and improve the processing efficiency of cable materials.

[0003] In the prior art, the traditional melting degree analysis method may rely on manual observation and empirical judgment. This method has the problems of strong subjectivity, low precision, and susceptibility to human factors. Therefore, how to achieve accurate measurement and evaluation of the melting degree to provide strong support for the quality control of cable products is the problem we need to solve. To this end, an analysis method for determining the melting degree of semi-finished products extruded by a cable material extruder is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an analytical method for determining the degree of melting of a semi-finished product extruded by a cable material extruder, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] An analytical method for determining the melting degree of a semi-finished product extruded by a cable material extruder comprises the following steps:

[0007] Step 1, intercepting semi-finished product samples from the extrusion process of the cable material extruder, and dividing the extruded semi-finished products into two groups: dispersed particles and particle agglomerates, to ensure that the samples are representative and can reflect the material state in the current extrusion process;

[0008] Step 2: pre-treat the sample to remove impurities on the surface and cool it to the required temperature for subsequent testing. For dispersed particles and particle agglomerates, sample extraction is performed separately. For dispersed particles, two samples are randomly selected, each sample contains original particles, deformed particles and melted particles. For particle agglomerates, five samples are randomly selected, each sample contains original particles, deformed particles, melted particles and melted particles.

[0009] Step 3, weighing the sample of dispersed particles, recording the weights of original particles, deformed particles and melted particles, and weighing the sample of particle agglomeration, recording the weights of original particles, deformed particles, melted particles and melt particles;

[0010] Step 4, calculating the percentage of original particles, deformed particles and melted particles in the dispersed particle sample, and calculating the percentage of original particles, deformed particles, melted particles and melt in the particle agglomeration sample;

[0011] Step 5, determining the average weight of one original particle by weighing ten random original particles, and taking the average weight of the original particles as the theoretical weight of a single original particle;

[0012] Step 6, sum up the masses of the dispersed particles and the four states of particles in the particle agglomerate respectively, and obtain the percentage of original particles, deformed particles, molten particles and melt in the semi-finished extrudate through the total amount of all samples, that is, the melting degree of the extrudate. The overall melting quality is evaluated by combining the acquired data to provide support for the quality control of the cable material.

[0013] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that in step 1, the process of cutting off the semi-finished product sample is:

[0014] Step 101, prepare a sample collection container for collecting the extruded semi-finished product, and prepare a sample intercepting tool, and intercept the semi-finished product sample from the outlet of the extruder when the cable material extruder is running stably and the production conditions are kept constant, ensuring that the sample is taken from a representative position of the production line to reflect the material state under the current extrusion process conditions;

[0015] Step 102, cooling the cut semi-finished product sample to room temperature to prevent it from further melting or deformation, and cutting the sample into particles of similar size to facilitate subsequent processing and observation;

[0016] Step 103, by observing and screening, according to the physical state of the sample, the particles in the sample are divided into two groups according to their dispersion degree and aggregation state: a dispersed particle group and a particle agglomeration group;

[0017] Step 104, using tweezers to select dispersed particles from the sample, the dispersed particle group includes particles that exist alone and do not form obvious agglomerations, representing materials that are relatively evenly dispersed during the extrusion process, and their melting degree is relatively consistent, and particle agglomerations are identified and selected, the particle agglomeration group includes particles that adhere to each other and form obvious agglomerations, which are not completely dispersed due to insufficient local melting, uneven temperature or insufficient shear force, and their melting degree is different;

[0018] Step 105, by intercepting multiple samples at different time periods, ensure that each group of samples represents the material state in the current extrusion process, and record the time and location of the sample interception and the process parameters affecting the sample state, and store and preserve the classified samples to prevent contamination or state changes.

[0019] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that in step 2, the process of pre-treating the intercepted sample is:

[0020] Step 201, prepare the pretreatment environment, ensure that the pretreatment area is clean and dust-free, avoid contamination of the sample, use compressed air to gently remove dust, debris and impurities on the surface of the sample, and be careful not to use excessive force to avoid changing the physical state of the sample;

[0021] Step 202, placing the sample at room temperature to cool naturally to the temperature required for testing, ensuring that the sample remains uniform during the cooling process to avoid local overheating or overcooling. If the sample is too large, use a blade to cut it into small pieces that need to be processed and tested;

[0022] Step 203, randomly extract two samples from the dispersed particles after pretreatment, each sample contains three types of particles, namely, original particles, deformed particles and melted particles, to fully reflect the degree of melting, wherein the original particles are particles that maintain the original shape and size without obvious deformation or melting, the deformed particles are particles that have undergone certain changes in shape but have not been completely melted, and the melted particles are particles that have been completely melted or nearly completely melted, and are in a liquid or semi-liquid state. Each sample extracted is marked, and its source, extraction time and sample type are recorded for subsequent analysis;

[0023] Step 204, randomly extract five samples from the pre-treated particle agglomerates, each sample contains four types of particles, namely original particles, deformed particles, melted particles and melt particles, so as to analyze the degree of melting in more detail, wherein the melt particles are particles that are completely melted into liquid and form a continuous melt region with other particles, and each sample extracted is marked and recorded in detail.

[0024] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that in step 3, the process of weighing the sample of dispersed particles and particle agglomerates is:

[0025] Step 301, extracting two samples randomly selected from the dispersed particles, placing the dispersed particle samples on a balance one by one for weighing, and recording the total weight of each sample;

[0026] Step 302, separate the original particles, deformed particles and melted particles in each sample to avoid mixing with each other, and use a balance to weigh the original particles, deformed particles and melted particles in each sample separately, and record the weight of each type of particles to ensure that the record is clear and accurate, including the sample number, particle type and corresponding weight;

[0027] Step 303, extracting five samples randomly selected from the particle agglomeration, placing the particle agglomeration samples on a balance one by one for weighing, and recording the total weight of each sample;

[0028] Step 304 , using tweezers to select original particles, deformed particles, melted particles and melt particles from the particle agglomeration sample, respectively, weighing the original particles, deformed particles, melted particles and melt particles, and recording the weight of each type of particles.

[0029] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that in step 4, the process of calculating the percentage content of each type of particles in the dispersed particles and particle agglomerate samples is:

[0030] Step 401, based on the total weight of each sample collected and the weight of the original particles, deformed particles, melted particles and melt particles, calculate the percentage of a single sample. For the dispersed particle sample, the percentage of the original particles is the weight of the original particles divided by the total weight of the sample, multiplied by 100%, the percentage of the deformed particles is the weight of the deformed particles divided by the total weight of the sample, multiplied by 100%, and the percentage of the melted particles is the weight of the melted particles divided by the total weight of the sample, multiplied by 100%, and the accuracy of the calculation is verified by checking that the sum of the percentages is close to or equal to 100%.

[0031] Step 402, for the particle agglomeration sample, the percentage calculation method of the original particles, deformed particles, and melted particles is the same as that of the dispersed particle sample, and the percentage of the weight of each particle in the total weight of the sample is calculated respectively. The percentage of the melt particle is the weight of the melt particle divided by the total weight of the sample, and then multiplied by 100%, ensuring that the sum of all percentages is close to or equal to 100%;

[0032] Step 403, recording the percentage of each type of particles in each sample, and arranging the calculation results into a table for comparison and analysis;

[0033] Step 404, based on the percentage of original particles, deformed particles, melted particles and melt particles, calculate the melting degree index of the sample, analyze the melting degree index and percentage data, obtain the melting index, evaluate the melting degree of the particles, and determine the trend and pattern of the melting degree.

[0034] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the calculation expression of the melting index is:

[0035]

[0036] Where MI is the melting index, w i is the weight of the i-th sample, x i is the melting degree index of the i-th sample, P o，i is the percentage of original particles, P d，i is the percentage of deformed particles, P m，i is the percentage of melted particles, P f，i is the percentage of melt particles, n is the total number of samples, and e is the base of the natural logarithm, which is approximately equal to 2.71828.

[0037] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that in step 5, the process of determining the theoretical weight of a single original particle is:

[0038] Step 501, randomly select ten original particles from the dispersed particle sample of the extruded semi-finished product, ensure that the particles are not deformed or melted, are representative, and are not affected by a specific area or state, and place each selected original particle on a scale for weighing, and record the weight of each particle. During the weighing process, contact between particles should be avoided to avoid additional errors;

[0039] Step 502, adding the weights of all ten particles to obtain a total weight, and dividing the total weight by the number of particles (i.e., 10) to obtain an average weight of the original particles;

[0040] Step 503, taking the calculated average weight of the original particles as the theoretical weight of a single original particle, recording the calculated average weight of the original particles and the entire calculation process, and archiving them for future reference, and retesting the original particles regularly to check whether the average weight has changed.

[0041] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that in step 6, the process of evaluating the overall melting quality is:

[0042] Step 601, collecting mass data of particles in various states (original particles, deformed particles, molten particles, melt particles) in dispersed particle samples and particle agglomerate samples. For dispersed particle samples, the masses of original particles, deformed particles, and melt particles are summed up respectively; for particle agglomerate samples, the masses of original particles, deformed particles, molten particles, and melt are summed up respectively;

[0043] Step 602, for each sample, calculate the total mass of all state particles, divide the mass of the selected state particles by the total mass of the sample, and then multiply by 100% to calculate the percentage content of each state particle, and record the percentage content of each state particle in each sample;

[0044] Step 603, for multiple samples, calculate the average percentage of pellets in each state, analyze the percentage data, calculate the melting quality index according to the change of percentage combined with temperature factors, evaluate the overall effect of the extrusion process and the overall melting quality, and analyze the change trend of the fusion effect of the extrusion process;

[0045] Step 604, using the obtained data to perform quality control of the cable material, and formulating improvement measures to optimize the extrusion process based on the analysis results.

[0046] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the calculation expression of the melting quality index is:

[0047]

[0048] Where M is the melt quality index, which is used to evaluate the overall effect of the extrusion process, n is the number of samples, and w is the i is the weight of the i-th sample, p i is the percentage of the ith sample, b is the reference value, representing the percentage under ideal conditions, u is the upper limit, representing the maximum value that the percentage can reach, r is the radical exponent, used to adjust the sensitivity of the percentage, T is the target temperature, t is the actual temperature, s is the temperature sensitivity coefficient, used to adjust the effect of temperature on the melting index, and M ranges from 0 to 1, 0 means no melting occurs, and 1 means complete melting.

[0049] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following technical advances compared with the prior art:

[0050] 1. The present invention provides an analysis method for determining the degree of melting of a semi-finished product extruded by a cable material extruder. By analyzing the percentage of original particles, deformed particles, molten particles and melt in the semi-finished product extruded by the cable material extruder, the degree of melting of the semi-finished product extruded by the cable material extruder can be accurately determined, which provides an objective basis for the quality evaluation of the cable material, can significantly improve the quality stability of the cable material, and reduce quality problems caused by improper melting degree.

[0051] 2. The present invention provides an analytical method for determining the degree of melting of a semi-finished product extruded by a cable material extruder. The method divides the states of the extruded semi-finished product into four types: original particles, deformed particles, melted particles and melt, and calculates the percentage of the four states in the semi-finished product. The method provides an accurate process control method, conducts a detailed analysis of dispersed particles and particle agglomeration samples, evaluates the degree of melting of the material during the extrusion process, and enables the operator to adjust the process parameters according to real-time data to achieve the best melting effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0053] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 A flow chart for calculating the percentage content of each type of particles in a sample of dispersed particles and particle agglomerates according to the present invention;

[0055] Figure 3 Flow chart for evaluating overall melt quality for the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] Embodiment 1, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides an analytical method for determining the melting degree of a semi-finished product extruded by a cable material extruder, comprising the following steps:

[0058] Step 1, intercepting semi-finished product samples from the extrusion process of the cable material extruder, and dividing the extruded semi-finished products into two groups: dispersed particles and particle agglomerates, ensuring that the samples are representative and can reflect the material state in the current extrusion process, preparing a sample collection container for collecting the extruded semi-finished products, and preparing a sample interception tool, intercepting semi-finished product samples from the outlet of the extruder when the cable material extruder is running stably and the production conditions remain constant, ensuring that the samples are taken from a representative position of the production line to reflect the material state under the current extrusion process conditions, cooling the intercepted semi-finished product samples to room temperature to prevent them from further melting or deformation, and cutting the samples into particles of similar sizes for subsequent processing and observation, and separating the particles in the samples according to their physical state through observation and screening. The particles are divided into two groups according to their dispersion degree and aggregation state: dispersed particle group and particle agglomeration group. Use tweezers to pick out dispersed particles from the sample. The dispersed particle group contains particles that exist alone and do not form obvious agglomerations, representing materials that are relatively evenly dispersed during the extrusion process, and their melting degree is relatively consistent. Identify and select particle agglomerations. The particle agglomeration group contains particles that adhere to each other and form obvious agglomerations. Due to insufficient local melting, uneven temperature or insufficient shear force, they are not completely dispersed, and their melting degree is different. By intercepting multiple samples at different time periods, ensure that each group of samples represents the material state in the current extrusion process, and record the time and location of the sample interception and the process parameters that affect the sample state. Store and keep the classified samples to prevent contamination or state changes;

[0059] Step 2: Pre-treat the sample to remove impurities on the surface and cool it to the required temperature for subsequent testing. For dispersed particles and particle agglomerates, sample each separately. For dispersed particles, randomly select two samples, each of which contains original particles, deformed particles and melted particles. For particle agglomerates, randomly select five samples, each of which contains original particles, deformed particles, melted particles and melted particles. Prepare the pre-treatment environment to ensure that the pre-treatment area is clean and dust-free to avoid contamination of the sample. Use compressed air to gently remove dust, debris and impurities on the surface of the sample. Be careful not to use too much force to avoid changing the physical state of the sample. Place the sample at room temperature and cool it naturally to the temperature required for the test. Ensure that the sample remains uniform during the cooling process to avoid local overheating or overcooling. If the sample is too large, use a blade to cut it into small pieces that need to be processed and tested. Two samples were randomly selected from the particles, each of which contained three types of particles: original particles, deformed particles, and melted particles, in order to fully reflect the degree of melting. Original particles were particles that maintained their original shape and size without obvious deformation or melting. Deformed particles were particles that had undergone certain changes in shape but had not been completely melted. Melted particles were particles that had been completely melted or nearly completely melted, and were in a liquid or semi-liquid state. Each sample was marked, and its source, extraction time, and sample type were recorded for subsequent analysis. Five samples were randomly selected from the pretreated particle agglomerates, each of which contained four types of particles: original particles, deformed particles, melted particles, and melted particles, in order to more carefully analyze the degree of melting. Melt particles were particles that were completely melted into a liquid state, forming a continuous melt region with other particles, and each sample was marked and recorded in detail.

[0060] Step 3, weigh the sample of dispersed particles, record the weight of original particles, deformed particles and melted particles, weigh the sample of particle agglomeration, record the weight of original particles, deformed particles, melted particles and melt particles, extract two samples randomly selected from the dispersed particles, place the dispersed particle samples on a balance for weighing one by one, record the total weight of each sample, separate the original particles, deformed particles and melted particles in each sample to avoid mutual mixing, and use a balance to weigh the original particles, deformed particles and melted particles in each sample separately, record the weight of each type of particles, ensure that the record is clear and accurate, including the sample number, particle type and corresponding weight, extract five samples randomly selected from the particle agglomeration, place the particle agglomeration samples on a balance for weighing one by one, record the total weight of each sample, use tweezers to pick out the original particles, deformed particles, melted particles and melt particles from the particle agglomeration sample, weigh the original particles, deformed particles, melted particles and melt particles separately, and record the weight of each type of particles;

[0061] Step 4, calculate the percentage of original particles, deformed particles and melted particles in the dispersed particle sample, and calculate the percentage of original particles, deformed particles, melted particles and melt in the particle agglomeration sample. Based on the total weight of each sample collected and the weight of the original particles, deformed particles, melted particles and melted particles, calculate the percentage of a single sample. For the dispersed particle sample, the percentage of original particles is the weight of the original particles divided by the total weight of the sample, multiplied by 100%, the percentage of deformed particles is the weight of the deformed particles divided by the total weight of the sample, multiplied by 100%, and the percentage of melted particles is the weight of the melted particles divided by the total weight of the sample, multiplied by 100%, and the sum of the percentages is close to or equal to 100% to verify. To ensure the accuracy of the calculation, for the particle agglomeration sample, the percentage calculation method of the original particles, deformed particles, and melted particles is the same as that of the dispersed particle sample. The weight of each particle is calculated as a percentage of the total weight of the sample. The percentage of melt particles is the weight of the melt particles divided by the total weight of the sample, and then multiplied by 100%. Ensure that the sum of all percentages is close to or equal to 100%. Record the percentage of each type of particles in each sample, and organize the calculation results into a table for easy comparison and analysis. Based on the percentage of the original particles, deformed particles, melted particles, and melt particles, calculate the melting degree index of the sample, and analyze the melting degree index and percentage data to obtain the melting index, evaluate the melting degree of the particles, and determine the trend and pattern of the melting degree;

[0062] Furthermore, the calculation expression of the melting index is:

[0063]

[0064] Among them, M I is the melting index, w i is the weight of the i-th sample, x i is the melting degree index of the i-th sample, P o，xi is the percentage of original particles, P d，i is the percentage of deformed particles, P m，i is the percentage of melted particles, P f，i is the percentage of melt particles, n is the total number of samples, e is the base of the natural logarithm, which is approximately equal to 2.71828, It is used to smooth the transition and avoid the influence of extreme values, making the evaluation of melting degree smoother and continuous. i In the calculation of , by defining the ratio, ensure that x i The value of is always between 0 and 1. The value range of MI is between 0 and 1, where 0 means no melting occurs and 1 means complete melting. If the MI value increases, it means that more particles have melted and the degree of melting has increased. If the MI value decreases, it means that fewer particles have melted.

[0065] Step 5, determining the average weight of one original particle by weighing ten random original particles, and taking the average weight of the original particles as the theoretical weight of a single original particle;

[0066] Step 6, sum up the masses of the dispersed particles and the four states of particles in the particle agglomerate respectively, and obtain the percentage of original particles, deformed particles, molten particles and melt in the semi-finished extrudate through the total amount of all samples, that is, the melting degree of the extrudate. The overall melting quality is evaluated by combining the acquired data to provide support for the quality control of the cable material.

[0067] Embodiment 2, as Figure 3 As shown, based on Example 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: Preferably, in step 5, the process of determining the theoretical weight of a single original particle is:

[0068] Randomly select ten original pellets from the dispersed pellet sample of the extruded semi-finished product, ensuring that the pellets are not deformed or melted, are representative, and are not affected by a specific area or state. Place each selected original pellet on a scale for weighing and record the weight of each pellet. Avoid contact between pellets during weighing to avoid additional errors. Add the weights of all ten pellets to obtain the total weight. Divide the total weight by the number of pellets (i.e., 10) to obtain the average weight of the original pellets. The calculated average weight of the original pellets is used as the theoretical weight of a single original pellet. Record the calculated average weight of the original pellets and the entire calculation process and archive them for future reference. Retest the original pellets regularly to check whether the average weight has changed.

[0069] In step 6, the process of evaluating the overall melt quality is:

[0070] Collect the mass data of particles in each state (original particles, deformed particles, molten particles, melt particles) in the dispersed particles and particle agglomeration samples. For the dispersed particle samples, sum the masses of the original particles, deformed particles and molten particles respectively. For the particle agglomeration samples, sum the masses of the original particles, deformed particles, molten particles and melt respectively. For each sample, calculate the total mass of particles in all states, divide the mass of the selected state of the particles by the total mass of the sample, and then multiply by 100% to calculate the percentage content of particles in each state, and record the percentage content of particles in each state in each sample. For multiple samples, calculate the average percentage content of particles in each state, and analyze the percentage content data. According to the change of percentage content combined with temperature factors, calculate the melting quality index, evaluate the overall effect of the extrusion process and the overall melting quality, analyze the trend of the fusion effect change in the extrusion process, use the obtained data to control the quality of cable materials, and formulate improvement measures to optimize the extrusion process based on the analysis results;

[0071] Furthermore, the calculation expression of the melt quality index is:

[0072]

[0073] Where M is the melt quality index, which is used to evaluate the overall effect of the extrusion process, n is the number of samples, and w is the i is the weight of the i-th sample, p i is the percentage of the i-th sample, b is the reference value, representing the percentage under ideal conditions, u is the upper limit, representing the maximum value that the percentage can reach, r is the root exponent, used to adjust the sensitivity of the percentage, T is the target temperature, t is the actual temperature, s is the temperature sensitivity coefficient, used to adjust the effect of temperature on the melting index, Used to smooth the difference between the percentage and the ideal value, e -s(T-t) Used to emphasize the effect of temperature on the melting process, Used to ensure that the effect of temperature is within an acceptable range, the value range of M is between 0 and 1, 0 means no melting occurs, 1 means complete melting, if the M value increases, it means that the melting effect of the extrusion process is improving, if the M value decreases, it means that the melting effect of the extrusion process is decreasing.

[0074] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An analytical method for determining the degree of melting of a semi-finished product extruded by a cable material extruder, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, cutting off a semi-finished product sample from the extrusion process of the cable material extruder, and dividing the extruded semi-finished product into two groups: dispersed particles and particle agglomerates; Step 2, pre-treat the intercepted samples, remove impurities on the surface and cool them to the required temperature. For dispersed particles and particle agglomerates, sample extraction is performed separately. For dispersed particles, two samples are randomly selected, each sample contains original particles, deformed particles and melted particles. For particle agglomerates, five samples are randomly selected, each sample contains original particles, deformed particles, melted particles and melted particles. Step 3, weighing the sample of dispersed particles, recording the weights of original particles, deformed particles and melted particles, and weighing the sample of particle agglomeration, recording the weights of original particles, deformed particles, melted particles and melt particles; Step 4, calculating the percentage of original particles, deformed particles and melted particles in the dispersed particle sample, and calculating the percentage of original particles, deformed particles, melted particles and melt in the particle agglomeration sample; Step 5, determining the average weight of one original particle by weighing ten random original particles, and taking the average weight of the original particles as the theoretical weight of a single original particle; Step 6, sum up the masses of the dispersed particles and the four states of particles in the particle agglomerate respectively, and obtain the percentage of the original particles, deformed particles, molten particles and melt in the semi-finished extrudate through the total amount of all samples, that is, the melting degree of the extrudate, and evaluate the overall melting quality by combining the acquired data.

2. The method for determining the degree of melting of a semi-finished product extruded by a cable material extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, the process of cutting off the semi-finished product sample is as follows: Step 101, preparing a sample collection container for collecting the extruded semi-finished product, and preparing a sample cutting tool, and cutting the semi-finished product sample from the outlet of the extruder when the cable material extruder is running stably and the production conditions are kept constant; Step 102, cooling the cut semi-finished product sample to room temperature, and cutting the sample into particles of similar size; Step 103, by observing and screening, according to the physical state of the sample, the particles in the sample are divided into two groups according to their dispersion degree and aggregation state: a dispersed particle group and a particle agglomeration group; Step 104, using tweezers to select dispersed particles from the sample, wherein the dispersed particle group includes particles that exist alone and do not form obvious agglomerations, and identifying and selecting particle agglomerations, wherein the particle agglomeration group includes particles that adhere to each other and form obvious agglomerations; Step 105, by intercepting multiple samples at different time periods, ensure that each group of samples represents the material state in the current extrusion process, and record the time and location of the sample interception and the process parameters affecting the sample state, and store and keep the classified samples.

3. The analytical method for determining the degree of melting of a semi-finished product extruded by a cable material extruder according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 2, the process of pre-treating the intercepted sample is: Step 201, prepare a pretreatment environment, and use compressed air to remove dust, debris and impurities on the surface of the sample; Step 202, placing the sample at room temperature and naturally cooling it to the temperature required for testing. If the sample is too large, use a blade to cut it into small pieces that need to be processed and tested; Step 203, randomly extract two samples from the dispersed particles after pretreatment, each sample contains three types of particles: original particles, deformed particles, and melted particles, wherein the original particles are particles that maintain the original shape and size without obvious deformation or melting, the deformed particles are particles that have undergone a certain change in shape but have not completely melted, and the melted particles are particles that have completely melted or are close to completely melted and are in a liquid or semi-liquid state. Each sample extracted is marked to record its source, extraction time, and sample type; Step 204, randomly extract five samples from the pre-treated particle agglomerates, each sample contains four types of particles, namely, original particles, deformed particles, melted particles and melt particles, wherein the melt particles are particles that are completely melted into a liquid state and form a continuous melt region with other particles, and each sample extracted is marked and recorded in detail.

4. The analytical method for determining the melting degree of a semi-finished product extruded by a cable material extruder according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step 3, the process of weighing the samples of dispersed particles and particle agglomerates is as follows: Step 301, extracting two samples randomly selected from the dispersed particles, placing the dispersed particle samples on a balance one by one for weighing, and recording the total weight of each sample; Step 302, separate the original particles, deformed particles and melted particles in each sample to avoid mixing with each other, and use a balance to weigh the original particles, deformed particles and melted particles in each sample respectively, and record the weight of each type of particles, including the sample number, particle type and corresponding weight; Step 303, extracting five samples randomly selected from the particle agglomeration, placing the particle agglomeration samples on a balance one by one for weighing, and recording the total weight of each sample; Step 304 , using tweezers to select original particles, deformed particles, melted particles and melt particles from the particle agglomeration sample, respectively, weighing the original particles, deformed particles, melted particles and melt particles, and recording the weight of each type of particles.

5. The analytical method for determining the degree of melting of a semi-finished product extruded by a cable material extruder according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step 4, the process of calculating the percentage content of each type of particles in the dispersed particles and particle agglomerate samples is as follows: Step 401, based on the total weight of each sample collected and the weight of the original particles, deformed particles, melted particles and melt particles, the percentage of a single sample is calculated. For the dispersed particle sample, the percentage of the original particles is the weight of the original particles divided by the total weight of the sample, multiplied by 100%, the percentage of the deformed particles is the weight of the deformed particles divided by the total weight of the sample, multiplied by 100%, and the percentage of the melted particles is the weight of the melted particles divided by the total weight of the sample, multiplied by 100%, and the accuracy of the calculation is verified by checking that the sum of the percentages is close to or equal to 100%. Step 402, for the particle agglomeration sample, the percentage calculation method of the original particles, deformed particles, and melted particles is the same as that of the dispersed particle sample, and the percentage of the weight of each particle in the total weight of the sample is calculated respectively. The percentage of the melt particle is the weight of the melt particle divided by the total weight of the sample, and then multiplied by 100%, ensuring that the sum of all percentages is close to or equal to 100%; Step 403, recording the percentage of each type of particles in each sample, and arranging the calculation results into a table; Step 404, based on the percentage of original particles, deformed particles, melted particles and melt particles, calculate the melting degree index of the sample, analyze the melting degree index and percentage data, obtain the melting index, evaluate the melting degree of the particles, and determine the trend and pattern of the melting degree.

6. The analytical method for determining the degree of melting of a semi-finished product extruded by a cable material extruder according to claim 5, characterized in that: The calculation expression of the melting index is: Where MI is the melting index, w i is the weight of the i-th sample, x i is the melting degree index of the i-th sample, P o，i is the percentage of original particles, P d，i is the percentage of deformed particles, P m，i is the percentage of melted particles, P f，i is the percentage of melt particles, n is the total number of samples, and e is the base of the natural logarithm.

7. The analytical method for determining the degree of melting of a semi-finished product extruded by a cable material extruder according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 5, the process of determining the theoretical weight of a single original particle is as follows: Step 501, randomly selecting ten original particles from the dispersed particle sample of the extruded semi-finished product, placing each selected original particle on a scale for weighing, and recording the weight of each particle; Step 502, adding the weights of all ten particles to obtain a total weight, and dividing the total weight by the number of particles to obtain an average weight of the original particles; Step 503, taking the calculated average weight of the original particles as the theoretical weight of a single original particle, recording the calculated average weight of the original particles and the entire calculation process, and archiving them, and retesting the original particles regularly to check whether the average weight has changed.

8. The analytical method for determining the melting degree of a semi-finished product extruded by a cable material extruder according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step 6, the process of evaluating the overall melting quality is as follows: Step 601, collecting mass data of particles in each state in the dispersed particle and particle agglomerate samples, for the dispersed particle samples, summing the masses of the original particles, deformed particles and molten particles respectively, and for the particle agglomerate samples, summing the masses of the original particles, deformed particles, molten particles and melt respectively; Step 602, for each sample, calculate the total mass of all state particles, divide the mass of the selected state particles by the total mass of the sample, and then multiply by 100% to calculate the percentage content of each state particle, and record the percentage content of each state particle in each sample; Step 603, for multiple samples, calculate the average percentage of pellets in each state, analyze the percentage data, calculate the melting quality index according to the change of percentage combined with temperature factors, evaluate the overall effect of the extrusion process and the overall melting quality, and analyze the change trend of the fusion effect of the extrusion process; Step 604, using the obtained data to perform quality control of the cable material, and formulating improvement measures to optimize the extrusion process based on the analysis results.

9. The analytical method for determining the melting degree of a semi-finished product extruded by a cable material extruder according to claim 8, characterized in that: The calculation expression of the melting quality index is: Where M is the melt quality index, n is the number of samples, and w i is the weight of the i-th sample, p i is the percentage of the ith sample, b is the reference value, representing the percentage under ideal conditions, u is the upper limit, representing the maximum value that the percentage can reach, r is the radical exponent, used to adjust the sensitivity of the percentage, T is the target temperature, t is the actual temperature, and s is the temperature sensitivity coefficient, used to adjust the effect of temperature on the melting index.

Images