Rescue and rejuvenation method for ancient tree transplantation and early warning assembly

Abstract

The invention provides a rescue and rejuvenation method for ancient tree transplantation and an early warning assembly, and particularly relates to the technical field of trees and ancient tree treatment.The method comprises the steps that a three-dimensional model is built for an ancient tree before and after transplantation to obtain a growth model of the ancient tree, and the volume of the ancient tree before and after transplantation is accurately calculated; the quantity values of nutrients and moisture required by normal growth of the ancient tree are clearly maintained, so that the supply amount of nutrients and moisture of the ancient tree is reasonably controlled through the early warning assembly in the whole-crown transplanting process of the ancient tree, favorable conditions are created for germination of new roots and new buds after the whole-crown transplanting of the ancient tree, and the survival rate of the ancient tree is improved. The situation that the tree vigor recovery of the ancient trees is affected due to excessive or insufficient nutrients and moisture is prevented, and the transplanting survival rate of the ancient trees is effectively increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tree and ancient tree rescue, and in particular to an ancient tree transplant rescue and rejuvenation method and an early warning component. Background Art

[0002] Ancient trees carry the nostalgia and memory of a region and are the main cultural symbols. During the project construction process, conflicts with construction projects are inevitable due to the scattered and random distribution of ancient trees. When it is found after demonstration that the ancient trees cannot be protected in situ, they need to be transplanted. Ancient trees have experienced many vicissitudes of life, and most of them have entered the aging stage. They have more stringent requirements for the growth environment. In addition, the recovery ability of the roots, branches and leaves of ancient trees is slow. When transplanting, a large number of branches and leaves cannot be pruned and thinned, and there are strict standards for the specifications of the soil ball. Therefore, it is difficult to transplant ancient trees; secondly, because the ancient trees are older and have adapted to the local soil and climate environment, when transplanted, the surrounding environment changes, which can easily affect the growth of their roots, thereby reducing the success rate of transplantation. Existing traditional root promotion technology often uses rooting solution prepared with naphthylacetic acid or indolebutyric acid and other rooting substances for irrigation to achieve the purpose of promoting rooting. However, this method is difficult to adjust the composition, concentration and volume of the rooting solution according to the condition of the ancient tree, and the effective ingredients of the rooting agent are easily intercepted and absorbed by the surface soil and cannot continue to penetrate into the lower soil, resulting in the rooting agent being unable to effectively act on the root formation layer. As the number of irrigations increases, the rooting agent enriched in the surface soil will disrupt the system of the ancient tree itself, inhibit the growth of its root system, and even poison the root system of the ancient tree.

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a rescue and rejuvenation method and early warning component for ancient tree transplantation, which can greatly improve the survival rate of ancient tree transplantation by modeling and calculating the nutrients and water required by the ancient trees before and after transplantation, adjusting the concentration and composition of the rooting solution, and cooperating with the early warning component for rescue. Summary of the invention In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a rescue and rejuvenation method for ancient tree transplantation and an early warning component to more accurately solve the above problems. The present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions: The present invention proposes a rescue and rejuvenation method for ancient tree transplantation, comprising the following steps: S1. Construct a three-dimensional model of the ancient tree before transplantation to obtain the growth model of the ancient tree, accurately calculate the volume of the ancient tree before and after transplantation, clarify the amount of nutrients and water required to maintain the normal growth of the ancient tree, and accurately measure the basic data such as the volume, surface area, and shape of the tree trunk hole. Then use this basic data to carry out refined repair treatment: first, the tree hole is cleaned of rot, polished, sterilized and disinfected, and then it is smeared with plant wound healing agent and cooked tung oil, and wrapped with 15μm thick PVDC film for comprehensive wrapping. Then, a columnar keel is installed in the middle of the tree hole, and a DN15PVC pipe with a wire mesh is used as a drainage pipe. Then, a wire mesh coated with waterproof glue is used to seal the outside of the tree hole. Finally, the bark of the same tree species is fixed on the wire mesh with silicone. S2. Construct a three-dimensional model of the transplanted ancient tree to obtain the three-dimensional model of the transplanted ancient tree, and calculate through the ancient tree model to clarify the amount of nutrients and water required by the transplanted ancient tree, and then use the value to compare with the amount of nutrients and water required by the ancient tree before transplantation, and adjust the amount of nutrients and water supply and replenishment measures in time according to the amount of root cuts and shrinkage during transplantation; S3. Before transplanting, loosen the soil outside the soil ball of the ancient tree, add a soil loosening agent, and then use a 200-fold diluted rooting solution to irrigate the soil ball area of ​​the ancient tree, and control the soil moisture between 9% and 19%; S4. After irrigating with rooting solution for 4-5 days, maintain soil moisture between 9% and 19%, and reduce the dilution factor of the rooting solution to 250 times; The steps of acquiring the three-dimensional model of the ancient tree include: acquiring the basic parameters of the target ancient tree; the basic parameters include tree height, diameter at breast height, east-west crown width, north-south crown width, height under the branches at the four endpoints of the crown width, and height at the maximum crown width of the east-west crown width and north-south crown width; constructing the trunk model of the target ancient tree according to the tree height and diameter at breast height of the target ancient tree.

[0004] Furthermore, the steps of constructing the trunk model of the ancient tree include: The trunk model of the target ancient tree is constructed based on the tree height and breast diameter of the target ancient tree, which includes: Get the branch height model, where the formula of the branch height model is: Among them, dirHb is the height under the branch in the reference direction; H is the first tree height; DBH is the first breast diameter; e is an exponential function with the natural constant e as the base; dirPH is the horizontal spatial structure parameter in the reference direction; dirPV is the vertical spatial structure parameter in the reference direction; a, b, c, d are the model parameters of the height under the branch; Get the branch height model, where the formula of the branch height model is: dirCr=a+b*H+c*dirPV Among them, dirCr is the height of the maximum crown width in the reference direction; H is the first tree height; dirPV is the vertical spatial structure parameter in the reference direction; a, b, c are the model parameters of the maximum crown width height; The required nutrients are calculated using the numerical height model and the under-branch height model: Obtain the required nutrients S = (dirCr2-dirCr1)*K1+(dirHb2-dirHb1)*K2, K1 and K2 are nutrient constants, dirCr2 and dirHb2 are after transplantation, and dirCr1 and dirHb1 are after transplantation.

[0005] Furthermore, the rooting liquid is prepared by mixing humic acid, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, ABT rooting powder and amino acid water-soluble fertilizer.

[0006] Furthermore, the rooting solution is prepared by the following steps: Add 5 parts of zinc sulfate, 8 parts of manganese sulfate, 10 parts of ABT rooting powder and 10 parts of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer into a reactor, add 80 parts of distilled water and stir, and gradually add 10 parts of humic acid during the stirring process to obtain rooting solution.

[0007] Furthermore, the loosening agent is made of perlite, which is a mixture of perlite powder and perlite particles, wherein the weight ratio of the powder to the particles is 4:1.

[0008] Furthermore, the disinfection treatment in step S1 includes replacing the sandy soil with a neutral or slightly acidic pH value, and spraying a bactericidal disinfectant on the predetermined soil ball area of ​​the ancient tree.

[0009] Furthermore, the bactericidal disinfectant is prepared by mixing matrine, thiophanate-methyl and distilled water.

[0010] Furthermore, the mass fraction of thiophanate-methyl is 5%, and the weight ratio of matrine to thiophanate-methyl is 1:6.

[0011] Further, the early warning component includes an irrigation device, an early warning module, a control module and a temperature sensor, and the early warning component is used for the early warning module to be electrically connected to the control module, the temperature sensor early warning module and the irrigation device respectively, and the irrigation device is used to irrigate the rooting liquid, wherein: Moisture content meets , Calculate the water content and watering duration of each soil ,in and average watering time ,in, is the number of the irrigation device, Relative to the average watering time If an abnormality occurs, an alarm is sounded. Beneficial effects of the present invention: (1) The rescue and rejuvenation method for transplanting ancient trees proposed in the present invention can, through low-speed stirring, chelate humic acid with zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, ABT rooting powder and amino acid water-soluble fertilizer to a certain extent, which can improve the soil structure, help the tree roots absorb nutrients, and promote the germination of new roots of ancient trees, so that they can adapt to the environment after migration more quickly.

[0012] (2) The rescue and rejuvenation method for transplanting ancient trees proposed in the present invention uses a mixture of powder and granular perlite as a soil loosening agent, combined with a special rooting liquid, which can not only improve the air permeability, water retention and water permeability of the soil, but also supplement the minerals, trace elements and organic matter that the ancient trees urgently need, and can effectively improve the survival rate of transplanted ancient trees.

[0013] (3) The rescue and rejuvenation method of ancient tree transplantation proposed in the present invention can reflect the water content of the soil through the temperature change ΔT. If an abnormality occurs relative to the average watering time T, an alarm is sounded. By detecting the soil moisture content and the temperature change comparison of the soil, the soil moisture condition is detected to prevent the branches and leaves of the ancient tree from wilting due to insufficient water.

[0014] (4) The rescue and rejuvenation method for transplanting ancient trees proposed in the present invention can establish a growth model of the ancient trees to clarify the amounts of nutrients and water required to maintain the normal growth of the ancient trees, and distinguish the models of the parts above and below the primary branches of the ancient trees to determine the type and amount of fertilizers required for the ancient trees. This can promote the recovery of the ancient trees, make efficient use of fertilizers, and effectively save costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 A step diagram of the rescue and rejuvenation method for transplanting ancient trees of the present invention; The implementation, functional features and advantages of the present application will be further described in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to more clearly and completely illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0017] Please refer to Figure 1 The present invention proposes a method for rescuing and rejuvenating ancient trees by transplanting, which comprises the following steps: S1. Construct a three-dimensional model of the ancient tree before transplantation to obtain the growth model of the ancient tree, accurately calculate the volume of the ancient tree before and after transplantation, clarify the amount of nutrients and water required to maintain the normal growth of the ancient tree, and accurately measure the basic data such as the volume, surface area, and shape of the tree trunk hole. Then use this basic data to carry out refined repair treatment: first, the tree hole is cleaned of rot, polished, sterilized and disinfected, and then it is smeared with plant wound healing agent and cooked tung oil, and wrapped with 15μm thick PVDC film for comprehensive wrapping. Then, a columnar keel is installed in the middle of the tree hole, and a DN15PVC pipe with a wire mesh is used as a drainage pipe. Then, a wire mesh coated with waterproof glue is used to seal the outside of the tree hole. Finally, the bark of the same tree species is fixed on the wire mesh with silicone. S2. Construct a three-dimensional model of the transplanted ancient tree to obtain the three-dimensional model of the transplanted ancient tree, and calculate through the ancient tree model to clarify the amount of nutrients and water required by the transplanted ancient tree, and then use the value to compare with the amount of nutrients and water required by the ancient tree before transplantation, and adjust the amount of nutrients and water supply and replenishment measures in time according to the amount of root cuts and shrinkage during transplantation; S3. Before transplanting, loosen the soil outside the soil ball of the ancient tree, add a soil loosening agent, and then use a 200-fold diluted rooting solution to irrigate the soil ball area of ​​the ancient tree, and control the soil moisture between 9% and 19%; S4. After irrigating with rooting solution for 4-5 days, maintain soil moisture between 9% and 19%, and reduce the dilution factor of the rooting solution to 250 times; The steps of acquiring the three-dimensional model of the ancient tree include: acquiring the basic parameters of the target ancient tree; the basic parameters include tree height, diameter at breast height, east-west crown width, north-south crown width, height under the branches at the four endpoints of the crown width, and height at the maximum crown width of the east-west crown width and north-south crown width; constructing the trunk model of the target ancient tree according to the tree height and diameter at breast height of the target ancient tree.

[0018] In this embodiment, the inside of the tree hole is sterilized and disinfected to prevent the tree hole from being infected by pathogens; the columnar keel is used for fixed and closed support to prevent the trunk of the ancient tree from being broken due to uneven force as a whole; the plant wound healing agent and tung oil are used for antiseptic treatment to prevent the tree hole from rotting again; the drain pipe can effectively drain the accumulated water in the tree hole to keep the tree hole dry; the protective wire mesh can prevent small animals from entering to build nests or idlers from throwing garbage into it; the plant wound healing agent is prepared from lime paste grease and distilled water, and this plant wound healing agent has the effect of sterilization and disinfection, and can form a durable protective film when applied with tung oil to effectively resist the invasion of pests and diseases.

[0019] In this embodiment, the rooting solution is prepared by the following steps: Add 5 parts of zinc sulfate, 8 parts of manganese sulfate, 10 parts of ABT rooting powder and 10 parts of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer into a reactor, add 80 parts of distilled water and stir, and gradually add 10 parts of humic acid during the stirring process to obtain rooting solution.

[0020] In the specific implementation: humic acid can be complexed with zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, ABT rooting powder and amino acid water-soluble fertilizer to a certain extent through low-speed stirring, which can improve the soil structure, prevent soil compaction, help tree roots absorb nutrients, and promote the germination of new roots of old trees, so that they can adapt to the environment after migration more quickly.

[0021] In this embodiment, the soil loosening agent is perlite, which is a mixture of perlite powder and perlite particles, wherein the weight ratio of the powder to the particles is 4:1.

[0022] In the specific implementation: Perlite particles with a particle size greater than 3mm should be crushed. Perlite can effectively improve the soil structure, improve the air permeability, water retention and water permeability of the soil, prevent water accumulation and root rot, and the perlite can better absorb silicon and iron trace elements through the complexation of humic acid. The pH value of perlite is slightly acidic, which is in line with the growth habits of ancient trees and helps the growth and recovery of the roots of ancient trees.

[0023] In this embodiment, the disinfection treatment in step S1 includes replacing the sandy soil with a neutral or slightly acidic pH value, and spraying a bactericidal disinfectant on the predetermined soil ball area of ​​the ancient tree.

[0024] In this embodiment, the bactericidal disinfectant is prepared by mixing matrine, thiophanate-methyl and distilled water, the mass fraction of thiophanate-methyl is 5%, and the weight ratio of matrine to thiophanate-methyl is 1:6.

[0025] In the specific implementation: matrine and thiophanate-methyl can be used to disinfect the root system, which can prevent the rotten roots and pathogens such as fungi and bacteria from causing adverse effects on the healthy root system. At the same time, matrine has an insecticidal effect, which can prevent underground pests from harming the roots of ancient trees.

[0026] In this embodiment, the early warning component includes an irrigation device, an early warning module, a control module and a temperature sensor. The early warning component is used for the early warning module and is electrically connected to the control module, the temperature sensor, the early warning module and the irrigation device respectively. The irrigation device is used to irrigate the rooting liquid, wherein: Moisture content meets , Calculate the water content and watering duration of each soil ,in and average watering time ,in, is the number of the irrigation device, Relative to the average watering time If any abnormality occurs, an alarm will be issued.

[0027] In specific implementation: the water content of the soil is reflected by the temperature change ΔT. If there is an abnormality in Time-i relative to the average watering time T, an alarm will be triggered. After the alarm, it is necessary to take measures according to the specific conditions of the soil fertility and humidity to prevent the decline of the old trees due to low soil fertility; the irrigation device is used to irrigate the rooting liquid; the temperature sensor is used to detect the change of soil temperature.

[0028] In this embodiment, the steps of constructing the trunk model of the ancient tree include: The trunk model of the target ancient tree is constructed based on the tree height and breast diameter of the target ancient tree, which includes: Get the branch height model, where the formula of the branch height model is: Among them, dirHb is the height under the branch in the reference direction; H is the first tree height; DBH is the first breast diameter; e is an exponential function with the natural constant e as the base; dirPH is the horizontal spatial structure parameter in the reference direction; dirPV is the vertical spatial structure parameter in the reference direction; a, b, c, d are the model parameters of the height under the branch; Get the branch height model, where the formula of the branch height model is: Among them, dirCr is the height of the maximum crown width in the reference direction; H is the first tree height; dirPV is the vertical spatial structure parameter in the reference direction; a, b, c are the model parameters of the maximum crown width height; The required nutrients are calculated using the numerical height model and the under-branch height model: Obtain the required nutrients S = (dirCr2-dirCr1)*K1+(dirHb2-dirHb1)*K2, K1 and K2 are nutrient constants, dirCr2 and dirHb2 are after transplantation, and dirCr1 and dirHb1 are after transplantation.

[0029] In specific implementation, K1 and K2 are constants that need to provide nutrients. For example, the space area occupied by the ancient tree is 3m*3m*3m, the height under the branches is 2m, and the height of the branches is 1m. The nutrients required by the trunk and the branches are different, so the values ​​of K1 and K2 are also different. For example, the value of K1 can be set to 0.4g and the value of K2 can be set to 0.3g. The three-dimensional model needs to measure the actual data, so the modeling parameters of the ancient tree need to include the measured data. In this embodiment, the direction of the lowest branch height of each ancient tree is selected as the measured direction of the height under the branch, and the direction of the lowest side of the branch distribution height where the east-west crown width and the north-south crown width are located is selected as the measured direction of the height at the maximum crown width. Then, the branch height model is used to calculate the branch height in three reference directions except the measured direction, and the maximum crown height model is used to calculate the maximum crown height in three reference directions except the selected direction. PV and PH are the average circumferences of the ancient tree in the four directions of southeast, northwest, and northeast. By calculating the spatial model of the ancient tree, the nutrients required for different parts of the ancient tree can be calculated, which can improve the survival rate of ancient tree transplantation.

[0030] Of course, the present invention may have many other implementations. Based on this implementation, other implementations obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without any creative work are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for rescuing and rejuvenating ancient trees by transplanting, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Construct a three-dimensional model of the ancient tree before transplantation to obtain the growth model of the ancient tree, accurately calculate the volume of the ancient tree before transplantation, clarify the amount of nutrients and water required to maintain the normal growth of the ancient tree, and accurately measure the basic data such as the volume, surface area, shape of the tree trunk hole, and then use the basic data to carry out refined repair treatment: first, the tree hole is cleaned of rot, polished, sterilized and disinfected, and then coated with plant wound healing agent and cooked tung oil, and wrapped with 15μm thick PVDC film for comprehensive wrapping, then install a columnar keel in the middle of the tree hole, and then use a DN15PVC pipe with a wire mesh as a drainage pipe, and then use a wire mesh coated with waterproof glue to seal the outside of the tree hole, and finally use silicone to fix the bark of the same tree species on the wire mesh; S2. Construct a three-dimensional model of the transplanted ancient tree to obtain the three-dimensional model of the transplanted ancient tree, and calculate through the ancient tree model to clarify the amount of nutrients and water required by the transplanted ancient tree, and then use the value to compare with the amount of nutrients and water required by the ancient tree before transplantation, and adjust the amount of nutrients and water supply and replenishment measures in time according to the amount of root cuts and shrinkage during transplantation; S3. Before transplanting, loosen the soil outside the soil ball of the ancient tree, add a soil loosening agent, and then use a 200-fold diluted rooting solution to irrigate the soil ball area of ​​the ancient tree, and control the soil moisture between 9% and 19%; S4. After irrigating with rooting solution for 4-5 days, maintain soil moisture between 9% and 19%, and reduce the dilution factor of the rooting solution to 250 times; The steps of acquiring the three-dimensional model of the ancient tree include: acquiring the basic parameters of the target ancient tree; the basic parameters include tree height, diameter at breast height, east-west crown width, north-south crown width, height under the branches at the four endpoints of the crown width, and height at the maximum crown width of the east-west crown width and north-south crown width; constructing the trunk model of the target ancient tree according to the tree height and diameter at breast height of the target ancient tree.

2. The method for rescuing and rejuvenating ancient trees according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps to construct the trunk model of the ancient tree include: The trunk model of the target ancient tree is constructed based on the tree height and breast diameter of the target ancient tree, which includes: Get the branch height model, where the formula of the branch height model is: Among them, dirHb is the height under the branch in the reference direction; H is the first tree height; DBH is the first breast diameter; e is an exponential function with the natural constant e as the base; dirPH is the horizontal spatial structure parameter in the reference direction; dirPV is the vertical spatial structure parameter in the reference direction; a, b, c, d are the model parameters of the height under the branch; Get the branch height model, where the formula of the branch height model is: dirCr=a+b*H+c*dirPV Among them, dirCr is the height of the maximum crown width in the reference direction; H is the first tree height; dirPV is the vertical spatial structure parameter in the reference direction; a, b, c are the model parameters of the maximum crown width height; The required nutrients are calculated using the numerical height model and the under-branch height model: Obtain the required nutrients S = (dirCr2-dirCr1)*K1+(dirHb2-dirHb1)*K2, K1 and K2 are nutrient constants, dirCr2 and dirHb2 are after transplantation, and dirCr1 and dirHb1 are after transplantation.

3. The method for rescuing and rejuvenating ancient trees according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rooting liquid is prepared by mixing humic acid, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, ABT rooting powder and amino acid water-soluble fertilizer.

4. The method for rescuing and rejuvenating ancient trees according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rooting solution is prepared by the following steps: Add 5 parts of zinc sulfate, 8 parts of manganese sulfate, 10 parts of ABT rooting powder and 10 parts of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer into a reactor, add 80 parts of distilled water and stir, and gradually add 10 parts of humic acid during the stirring process to obtain rooting solution.

5. The method for rescuing and rejuvenating ancient trees according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil loosening agent is made of perlite, which is a mixture of perlite powder and perlite particles, wherein the weight ratio of the powder to the particles is 4:

1.

6. The method for rescuing and rejuvenating ancient trees according to claim 1, characterized in that: The disinfection treatment in step S1 includes replacing the sandy soil with a neutral or slightly acidic pH value, and spraying a bactericidal disinfectant on the predetermined soil ball area of ​​the ancient tree.

7. The method for rescuing and rejuvenating ancient trees according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bactericidal disinfectant is prepared by mixing matrine, thiophanate-methyl and distilled water.

8. The method for rescuing and rejuvenating ancient trees according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass fraction of thiophanate-methyl is 5%, and the weight ratio of matrine to thiophanate-methyl is 1:

6.

9. An early warning component for the rescue and rejuvenation of ancient tree transplantation, characterized in that: The early warning component includes an irrigation device, an early warning module, a control module and a temperature sensor. The early warning component is used for the early warning module to be electrically connected with the control module, the temperature sensor early warning module and the irrigation device respectively. The irrigation device is used to irrigate the rooting liquid, wherein: Moisture content meets , Calculate the water content and watering duration of each soil ,in and average watering time ,in, is the number of the irrigation device, Relative to the average watering time If any abnormality occurs, an alarm will be issued.

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