Impact-resistant composite thermal insulation ceramic fiber board and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an impact-resistant composite thermal insulation ceramic fiber board and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of composite materials. The composite thermal insulation ceramic fiber board provided by the invention has the advantages of excellent impact resistance, uniform heat conduction performance and high mechanical strength. The composite board comprises a fiber layer, a ceramic layer and a PVDF honeycomb structure layer, the fiber layer is formed by interweaving ceramic fibers and reinforced fibers, and the reinforced fibers are evenly distributed among the ceramic fibers; the ceramic layer is prepared by mixing ceramic powder and a binder; the PVDF honeycomb structure layer is embedded between the fiber layer and the ceramic layer, and all the layers are tightly combined through secondary hot press molding. The invention solves the problems of poor impact resistance, non-uniform heat conduction and insufficient mechanical strength of the existing composite thermal insulation material, and is suitable for various severe environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ceramic fiberboards and relates to an impact-resistant composite thermal insulation ceramic fiberboard and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of ceramic fiber, existing ceramic fiberboards have been widely used. However, these products still have some problems in practical use. For example, existing ceramic fiberboards have low impact resistance and poor thermal insulation effect, which leads to the problem of easy damage and poor thermal insulation effect in practical applications.

[0003] In order to solve these problems, there have been some attempts to improve the impact resistance and thermal insulation effect of ceramic fiberboards by adding multilayer structures, using composite materials, or introducing buffer layers. Although these methods have improved the relevant aspects to a certain extent, they still have limitations, such as limited improvement in impact resistance, complex structure, and high cost.

[0004] Specifically, after searching, a shock-resistant composite thermal insulation ceramic fiberboard with a publication number of CN217208418U was disclosed, and the publication date was 2022-08-16. This design adopts a structure in which a buffer cavity and a buffer column are arranged inside the composite ceramic fiberboard. Although it can achieve a certain shock resistance effect, due to its complex internal structure, the manufacturing cost is high, and the buffer column may fail due to multiple stresses during long-term use, resulting in a decrease in shock resistance.

[0005] After searching, a kind of impact-resistant composite thermal insulation ceramic fiberboard with publication number CN214423755U was disclosed, and the publication date was 2021-10-19. This product adopts a multi-layer structure, including a base plate, a sound insulation board, a buffer layer, a second ceramic fiberboard, a nano thermal insulation board, etc. Although it has good thermal insulation and noise reduction effects, its structure is relatively complex and the production cost is high. In addition, when subjected to a large impact, the multi-layer structure may be delaminated due to the loose bonding between the layers, affecting the overall performance.

[0006] After searching, a kind of impact-resistant composite ceramic fiberboard with publication number CN207509896U was found, and the publication date was 2018-06-19. This design uses a combination of a hard layer of ceramic fiberboard and a soft layer of mineral wool. Although it can provide certain buffering and thermal insulation effects, its structure is relatively simple and its impact resistance is limited. In addition, the mineral wool layer may lose some of its functions due to high temperature in a high temperature environment, affecting the overall effect.

[0007] After searching, a kind of impact-resistant composite ceramic fiberboard with publication number CN216993338U was found, and the publication date was 2022-07-19. This product adopts a multi-layer composite structure, including a ceramic fiber layer, a sound insulation layer, a buffer layer, a reinforcement mesh layer, a waterproof coating, a thermal insulation layer and an infrared reflective coating. Although it has multiple functions, due to its large number of layers, complex production process, and limited bonding strength between layers, it may be delaminated when subjected to a large impact, affecting the overall performance.

[0008] After searching, a ceramic fiber heat-resistant board with publication number CN209022539U was found, and the publication date was 2019-06-25. This design adopts a combined structure of a mesh layer, a thermal insulation layer, a buffer layer and a heat-resistant layer. Although it has good heat resistance and buffering effects, its structure is relatively complex, the production cost is high, and when subjected to a large impact, the layers may be delaminated due to loose bonding, affecting the overall performance.

[0009] The above problems show that the impact-resistant thermal insulation products of ceramic fiberboards currently on the market are difficult to effectively meet the new requirements for high impact resistance and good thermal insulation effect under complex working conditions while taking into account complex structures and low costs. Therefore, the present invention provides an impact-resistant composite thermal insulation ceramic fiberboard and a preparation method thereof to overcome these shortcomings and provide a new solution that is more intelligent, efficient and adaptable to changing environments. Summary of the invention

[0010] In view of the above situation, the present invention provides an impact-resistant composite thermal insulation ceramic fiberboard and a preparation method thereof, which solves the problems of poor impact resistance, uneven thermal conductivity, insufficient mechanical strength, short service life, etc. existing in the existing composite thermal insulation materials. The present invention aims to provide a composite thermal insulation ceramic fiberboard with excellent impact resistance, uniform thermal conductivity and high mechanical strength, so as to effectively improve its stability and reliability in harsh environments.

[0011] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is: an impact-resistant composite thermal insulation ceramic fiberboard, comprising a fiber layer, a ceramic layer and a PVDF honeycomb structure layer, wherein the fiber layer and the ceramic layer are compounded together by a binder, and the PVDF honeycomb structure layer is embedded between the fiber layer and the ceramic layer. The fiber layer is composed of ceramic fibers and reinforcing fibers, which are interwoven into a mesh structure, and the reinforcing fibers are evenly distributed between the ceramic fibers, and the diameter of the reinforcing fibers is 10-20 μm and the length is 2-5 mm. The ceramic layer is made by mixing ceramic powder and a binder, the particle size of the ceramic powder is 1-5 μm, and the content of the binder is 10-20%. The PVDF honeycomb structure layer is made of PVDF material by hot pressing, the thickness of the PVDF material is 0.5-1.5 mm, the unit diameter of the honeycomb structure is 2-6 mm, and the wall thickness is 0.1-0.3 mm.

[0012] An impact-resistant composite thermal insulation ceramic fiberboard, characterized in that it comprises a fiber layer, a ceramic layer and a PVDF honeycomb structure layer, wherein the fiber layer and the ceramic layer are composited together by a binder, and the PVDF honeycomb structure layer is embedded between the fiber layer and the ceramic layer; The fiber layer is composed of ceramic fibers and reinforcing fibers, the ceramic fibers and the reinforcing fibers are interwoven into a mesh structure, the reinforcing fibers are evenly distributed between the ceramic fibers, the diameter of the reinforcing fibers is 10-20 μm, and the length is 2-5 mm; The ceramic layer is made of a mixture of ceramic powder and a binder, the particle size of the ceramic powder is 1-5 μm, and the weight ratio of the ceramic powder to the binder is (0.9-1.7):0.1; The PVDF honeycomb structure layer is made of PVDF material by hot pressing, the thickness of the PVDF material is 0.5-1.5 mm, the unit diameter of the honeycomb structure is 2-6 mm, and the wall thickness is 0.1-0.3 mm.

[0013] The fiber layer, the ceramic layer and the PVDF honeycomb structure layer are respectively 30-55 parts, 45-60 parts and 10-30 parts by weight.

[0014] The reinforcing fiber is made of one or more of boron fiber, carbon fiber, glass fiber and aramid fiber.

[0015] Specifically, the ratio of the ceramic fibers to the reinforcing fibers in the fiber layer is any ratio, and the preferred mass ratio is 1:0.5-1.5.

[0016] Specifically, the fiber layer and the ceramic layer are prepared by the following steps: (1) Evenly mixing ceramic fibers and reinforcing fibers and laying them into a fiber layer; (2) mixing ceramic powder and a binder evenly to form a ceramic slurry, and applying the slurry on the surface of the fiber layer to form a ceramic layer; (3) The ceramic layer and the fiber layer are formed by hot pressing to tightly bond the two layers.

[0017] Specifically, the PVDF honeycomb structure layer is prepared by the following steps: (1) The PVDF material is heated to a molten state, pressed into a honeycomb structure through a mold, and then cooled and shaped to form a PVDF honeycomb structure layer.

[0018] The PVDF honeycomb structure layer is embedded between the fiber layer and the ceramic layer in the following manner: (1) After the fiber layer and the ceramic layer are prepared, the PVDF honeycomb structure layer is placed between the fiber layer and the ceramic layer; (2) The PVDF honeycomb structure layer is closely attached to the fiber layer and the ceramic layer by secondary hot pressing, wherein the temperature of the secondary hot pressing is 180-200° C., the pressure is 2-4 MPa, and the time is 20-40 min.

[0019] Specifically, the fiber layer and the ceramic layer are compounded together by a binder, the binder is epoxy resin or polyurethane resin, and the coating amount of the binder is 5-10g / m².

[0020] Specifically, the upper and lower surfaces of the PVDF honeycomb structure layer are in contact with the surfaces of the fiber layer and the ceramic layer respectively. The pressure and temperature generated during the hot pressing process soften the PVDF material and form a stable mechanical connection with the fiber layer and the ceramic layer.

[0021] Specifically, the diameter of the ceramic fiber is 10-18 μm and the length is 3 mm; the diameter of the reinforcing fiber is 9-20 μm and the length is 2-5 mm; and the particle size of the ceramic powder is 1-5 μm.

[0022] A method for preparing an impact-resistant composite thermal insulation ceramic fiberboard, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: Step A) preparing the fiber layer 1: uniformly mixing the ceramic fibers and the reinforcing fibers and laying them into the fiber layer 1; Step B) mixing ceramic powder and a binder evenly to form a ceramic slurry, and evenly coating the ceramic slurry on the surface of the fiber layer 1 to form a ceramic layer; Step C) preparing a PVDF honeycomb structure layer: heating the PVDF material to a molten state, pressing it into a honeycomb structure through a mold, and cooling and shaping it to form a PVDF honeycomb structure layer; Step D) hot pressing the fiber layer and the ceramic layer to tightly combine them; placing the PVDF honeycomb structure layer between the fiber layer and the ceramic layer, and performing secondary hot pressing to tightly fit the PVDF honeycomb structure layer with the fiber layer and the ceramic layer.

[0023] Specifically, the binder is coated on the surface of the fiber layer, evenly coated by a coating machine, and dried at 80-100° C. for 10-15 minutes after coating.

[0024] Specifically, the temperature of the secondary hot pressing molding is 180-200° C., the pressure is 2-4 MPa, and the time is 20-40 min.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Excellent impact resistance, composite structure of fiber layer and ceramic layer: The fiber layer is interwoven with ceramic fiber and reinforcing fiber into a mesh structure. The uniform distribution of ceramic fiber and reinforcing fiber improves the mechanical strength and heat resistance of the fiber layer. The ceramic layer is made of a mixture of ceramic powder and binder. The particle size of the ceramic powder and the content of the binder are optimized, so that the ceramic layer has good thermal conductivity and mechanical strength. The fiber layer and the ceramic layer are tightly combined by hot pressing, which improves the integrity of the composite material.

[0026] Uniform thermal insulation performance, embedding of PVDF honeycomb structure layer: The PVDF honeycomb structure layer is embedded between the fiber layer and the ceramic layer. The thickness of the PVDF material and the unit diameter of the honeycomb structure are optimized, so that the honeycomb structure has high mechanical strength and elasticity. During the hot pressing process, the PVDF material softens and forms a stable mechanical connection with the fiber layer and the ceramic layer, which improves the impact resistance of the composite material. The porous design of the honeycomb structure increases the specific surface area of ​​the composite material and improves the uniformity of thermal insulation performance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. Those skilled in the art should recognize that the present invention covers all possible alternatives, improvements and equivalents within the scope of the claims.

[0028] The following examples were tested according to the following experimental scheme, and the following are the experimental conditions of all examples: Example

[0029] Preparation of fiber layer 1 Step 1: Select a ceramic fiber with a diameter of 15 μm and a length of 3 mm and a reinforcing fiber with a diameter of 15 μm and a length of 3 mm (in this embodiment, the reinforcing fiber is carbon fiber); Step 2: The mass ratio of ceramic fiber to reinforcing fiber is 1:1, and the ceramic fiber and reinforcing fiber are evenly mixed to form a uniform network structure; Step 3: Lay the mixed fibers into a fiber layer with a thickness of about 1 mm, and the weight proportion of the fiber layer is 44 parts.

[0030] Preparation of ceramic layer 2 Step 1: Select ceramic powder and binder with a particle size of 3 μm, where the ceramic powder The weight ratio of the binder is 1.3:0.1; Step 2: Evenly mix the ceramic powder and the binder to make a ceramic slurry. The binder is epoxy resin with a coating amount of 8g / m 2 ; Step 3: Use a scraper to evenly scrape the ceramic slurry on the surface of the fiber layer to form a ceramic layer with a thickness of about 1 mm. The number of ceramic layers is 50; Step 4: Place the fiber layer coated with ceramic slurry in a hot press, set the hot pressing temperature to 150°C, the pressure to 3MPa, and the hot pressing time to 10min, so that the fiber layer and the ceramic layer are tightly combined.

[0031] Preparation of PVDF honeycomb structure layer: Step 1: Heat the PVDF material with a thickness of 1.0 mm to a molten state at 180°C, press it into a honeycomb structure through a mold, and cool it down to form a PVDF honeycomb structure layer. The unit diameter of the honeycomb structure is 4 mm, and the wall thickness is 0.2 mm. The weight of the PVDF honeycomb structure layer is 20 parts.

[0032] Placement and hot pressing: After the fiber layer and the ceramic layer are prepared, the PVDF honeycomb structure layer is placed between the fiber layer and the ceramic layer.

[0033] The composite board with the PVDF honeycomb structure layer is placed in a hot press, and the hot pressing temperature is set to 190°C, the pressure is 3MPa, and the hot pressing time is 30min, so that the PVDF honeycomb structure layer is tightly fitted with the fiber layer and the ceramic layer to form the final composite thermal insulation ceramic fiberboard. Example

[0034] Preparation of fiber layer 1 Step 1: Select a ceramic fiber with a diameter of 15 μm and a length of 3 mm and a reinforcing fiber with a diameter of 15 μm and a length of 3 mm (in this embodiment, the reinforcing fiber is carbon fiber); Step 2: The mass ratio of ceramic fiber to reinforcing fiber is 1:1.2, and the ceramic fiber and reinforcing fiber are evenly mixed to form a uniform network structure; Step 3: Lay the mixed fibers into a fiber layer with a thickness of about 2 mm and a weight portion of the fiber layer of 50 parts.

[0035] Preparation of ceramic layer 2 Step 1: Select ceramic powder and binder with a particle size of 3 μm, where the ceramic powder The weight ratio of the binder is 1.5:0.1; Step 2: Evenly mix the ceramic powder and the binder to make a ceramic slurry. The binder is epoxy resin with a coating amount of 8g / m 2 ; Step 3: Use a scraper to evenly scrape the ceramic slurry on the surface of the fiber layer to form a ceramic layer with a thickness of about 1 mm. The number of ceramic layers is 50; Step 4: Place the fiber layer coated with ceramic slurry in a hot press, set the hot pressing temperature to 150°C, the pressure to 3MPa, and the hot pressing time to 10min, so that the fiber layer and the ceramic layer are tightly combined.

[0036] Preparation of PVDF honeycomb structure layer: Step 1: Heat the PVDF material with a thickness of 1.0 mm to a molten state at 180°C, press it into a honeycomb structure through a mold, and form a PVDF honeycomb structure layer after cooling and shaping. The unit diameter of the honeycomb structure is 3 mm and the wall thickness is 0.3 mm. The weight proportion of the PVDF honeycomb structure layer is 20 parts.

[0037] Placement and hot pressing: After the fiber layer and the ceramic layer are prepared, the PVDF honeycomb structure layer is placed between the fiber layer and the ceramic layer.

[0038] The composite board with the PVDF honeycomb structure layer is placed in a hot press, and the hot pressing temperature is set to 200°C, the pressure is 3MPa, and the hot pressing time is 30min, so that the PVDF honeycomb structure layer is closely fitted to the fiber layer and the ceramic layer to form the final composite thermal insulation ceramic fiberboard. Example

[0039] Preparation of fiber layer 1 Step 1: Select a ceramic fiber with a diameter of 15 μm and a length of 3 mm and a reinforcing fiber with a diameter of 15 μm and a length of 3 mm (in this embodiment, the reinforcing fiber is carbon fiber); Step 2: The mass ratio of ceramic fiber to reinforcing fiber is 1:1.5, and the ceramic fiber and reinforcing fiber are evenly mixed to form a uniform network structure; Step 3: Lay the mixed fibers into a fiber layer with a thickness of about 2 mm and a weight portion of the fiber layer of 40 parts.

[0040] Preparation of ceramic layer 2 Step 1: Select ceramic powder and binder with a particle size of 3 μm, where the ceramic powder The weight ratio of the binder is 1.7:0.1; Step 2: Evenly mix the ceramic powder and the binder to make a ceramic slurry. The binder is epoxy resin with a coating amount of 8g / m 2 ; Step 3: Use a scraper to evenly scrape the ceramic slurry on the surface of the fiber layer to form a ceramic layer with a thickness of about 1 mm. The number of ceramic layers is 50; Step 4: Place the fiber layer coated with ceramic slurry in a hot press, set the hot pressing temperature to 150°C, the pressure to 3MPa, and the hot pressing time to 10min, so that the fiber layer and the ceramic layer are tightly combined.

[0041] Preparation of PVDF honeycomb structure layer: Step 1: Heat the PVDF material with a thickness of 1.0 mm to a molten state at 180°C, press it into a honeycomb structure through a mold, and form a PVDF honeycomb structure layer after cooling and shaping. The unit diameter of the honeycomb structure is 4 mm and the wall thickness is 0.3 mm. The weight proportion of the PVDF honeycomb structure layer is 30 parts.

[0042] Placement and hot pressing: After the fiber layer and the ceramic layer are prepared, the PVDF honeycomb structure layer is placed between the fiber layer and the ceramic layer.

[0043] The composite board with the PVDF honeycomb structure layer is placed in a hot press, and the hot pressing temperature is set to 200°C, the pressure is 3MPa, and the hot pressing time is 30min, so that the PVDF honeycomb structure layer is closely fitted to the fiber layer and the ceramic layer to form the final composite thermal insulation ceramic fiberboard. Example

[0044] Preparation of fiber layer 1 Step 1: Select a ceramic fiber with a diameter of 18 μm and a length of 3 mm and a reinforcing fiber with a diameter of 20 μm and a length of 5 mm (in this embodiment, the reinforcing fiber is carbon fiber); Step 2: The mass ratio of ceramic fiber to reinforcing fiber is 1:0.5, and the ceramic fiber and reinforcing fiber are evenly mixed to form a uniform network structure; Step 3: Lay the mixed fibers into a fiber layer with a thickness of about 2 mm and a weight portion of the fiber layer of 55 parts.

[0045] Preparation of ceramic layer 2 Step 1: Select ceramic powder and binder with a particle size of 5 μm, where the ceramic powder The weight ratio of the binder is 1.7:0.1; Step 2: Evenly mix the ceramic powder and the binder to make a ceramic slurry. The binder is epoxy resin with a coating amount of 10g / m 2 ; Step 3: Use a scraper to evenly scrape the ceramic slurry on the surface of the fiber layer to form a ceramic layer with a thickness of about 1 mm. The number of ceramic layers is 60; Step 4: Place the fiber layer coated with ceramic slurry in a hot press, set the hot pressing temperature to 150°C, the pressure to 3MPa, and the hot pressing time to 10min, so that the fiber layer and the ceramic layer are tightly combined.

[0046] Preparation of PVDF honeycomb structure layer: Step 1: Heat the PVDF material with a thickness of 1.5 mm to a molten state at 180°C, press it into a honeycomb structure through a mold, and form a PVDF honeycomb structure layer after cooling and shaping. The unit diameter of the honeycomb structure is 6 mm and the wall thickness is 0.3 mm. The weight proportion of the PVDF honeycomb structure layer is 30 parts.

[0047] Placement and hot pressing: After the fiber layer and the ceramic layer are prepared, the PVDF honeycomb structure layer is placed between the fiber layer and the ceramic layer.

[0048] The composite board with the PVDF honeycomb structure layer is placed in a hot press, and the hot pressing temperature is set to 200°C, the pressure is 4MPa, and the hot pressing time is 40min, so that the PVDF honeycomb structure layer is closely fitted to the fiber layer and the ceramic layer to form the final composite thermal insulation ceramic fiberboard. Example

[0049] Preparation of fiber layer 1 Step 1: Select a ceramic fiber with a diameter of 10 μm and a length of 3 mm and a reinforcing fiber with a diameter of 9 μm and a length of 2 mm (in this embodiment, the reinforcing fiber is carbon fiber); Step 2: The mass ratio of ceramic fiber to reinforcing fiber is 1:10, and the ceramic fiber and reinforcing fiber are evenly mixed to form a uniform network structure; Step 3: Lay the mixed fibers into a fiber layer with a thickness of about 2 mm and a weight portion of the fiber layer of 30 parts.

[0050] Preparation of ceramic layer 2 Step 1: Select ceramic powder and binder with a particle size of 1 μm, where the ceramic powder The weight ratio of the binder is 0.9:0.1; Step 2: Evenly mix the ceramic powder and the binder to make a ceramic slurry. The binder is epoxy resin with a coating amount of 6g / m 2 ; Step 3: Use a scraper to evenly scrape the ceramic slurry on the surface of the fiber layer to form a ceramic layer with a thickness of about 1 mm. The number of ceramic layers is 45; Step 4: Place the fiber layer coated with ceramic slurry in a hot press, set the hot pressing temperature to 150°C, the pressure to 3MPa, and the hot pressing time to 10min, so that the fiber layer and the ceramic layer are tightly combined.

[0051] Preparation of PVDF honeycomb structure layer: Step 1: Heat the PVDF material with a thickness of 0.5 mm to a molten state at 180°C, press it into a honeycomb structure through a mold, and form a PVDF honeycomb structure layer after cooling and shaping. The unit diameter of the honeycomb structure is 2 mm and the wall thickness is 0.1 mm. The weight proportion of the PVDF honeycomb structure layer is 10 parts.

[0052] Placement and hot pressing: After the fiber layer and the ceramic layer are prepared, the PVDF honeycomb structure layer is placed between the fiber layer and the ceramic layer.

[0053] The composite board with the PVDF honeycomb structure layer is placed in a hot press, and the hot pressing temperature is set to 180°C, the pressure is 2MPa, and the hot pressing time is 20min, so that the PVDF honeycomb structure layer is closely attached to the fiber layer and the ceramic layer to form the final composite thermal insulation ceramic fiberboard.

[0054] Comparative Example 1 No reinforcing fiber was added, and the remaining steps were the same as those in Example 1.

[0055] Comparative Example 2 The PVDF is not made into a honeycomb structure and is not hot-pressed. The remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0056] Comparative Example 3 The composite ceramic fiberboard is made without adding PVDF material.

[0057] Table 1 Test results of composite ceramic fiberboard at 200℃

[0058] Table 2 Thermal conductivity of composite ceramic fiberboard at 400-800℃

[0059] In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may also have other implementation modes. Any technical solution formed by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation falls within the protection scope required by the present invention.

Claims

1. An impact-resistant composite thermal insulation ceramic fiberboard, characterized in that: It comprises a fiber layer, a ceramic layer and a PVDF honeycomb structure layer, wherein the fiber layer and the ceramic layer are compounded together by a binder, and the PVDF honeycomb structure layer is embedded between the fiber layer and the ceramic layer; The fiber layer is composed of ceramic fibers and reinforcing fibers, the ceramic fibers and the reinforcing fibers are interwoven into a mesh structure, the reinforcing fibers are evenly distributed between the ceramic fibers, the diameter of the reinforcing fibers is 9-20 μm, and the length is 2-5 mm; The ceramic layer is made of a mixture of ceramic powder and a binder, the particle size of the ceramic powder is 1-5 μm, and the weight ratio of the ceramic powder to the binder is (0.9-1.7):0.1; The PVDF honeycomb structure layer is made of PVDF material by hot pressing, the thickness of the PVDF material is 0.5-1.5 mm, the unit diameter of the honeycomb structure is 2-6 mm, and the wall thickness is 0.1-0.3 mm; The fiber layer, the ceramic layer and the PVDF honeycomb structure layer are calculated by weight in parts by weight, respectively, 30-55 parts, 45-60 parts and 10-30 parts; The reinforcing fiber is made of one or more of boron fiber, carbon fiber, glass fiber and aramid fiber.

2. The impact-resistant composite thermal insulation ceramic fiberboard according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber layer and the ceramic layer are prepared by the following steps: (1) Evenly mixing ceramic fibers and reinforcing fibers and laying them into a fiber layer; (2) mixing ceramic powder and a binder evenly to form a ceramic slurry, and applying the slurry on the surface of the fiber layer to form a ceramic layer; (3) The ceramic layer and the fiber layer are formed by hot pressing to tightly bond the two layers.

3. The impact-resistant composite thermal insulation ceramic fiberboard according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PVDF honeycomb structure layer is prepared by the following steps: (1) The PVDF material is heated to a molten state, pressed into a honeycomb structure through a mold, and then cooled and shaped to form a PVDF honeycomb structure layer.

4. The impact-resistant composite thermal insulation ceramic fiberboard according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PVDF honeycomb structure layer is embedded between the fiber layer and the ceramic layer in the following manner: (1) After the fiber layer and the ceramic layer are prepared, the PVDF honeycomb structure layer is placed between the fiber layer and the ceramic layer; (2) The PVDF honeycomb structure layer is closely attached to the fiber layer and the ceramic layer by secondary hot pressing, wherein the temperature of the secondary hot pressing is 180-200° C., the pressure is 2-4 MPa, and the time is 20-40 min.

5. The impact-resistant composite thermal insulation ceramic fiberboard according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber layer and the ceramic layer are compounded together by a binder, and the binder is epoxy resin or polyurethane resin, and the coating amount of the binder is 5-10g / m².

6. The impact-resistant composite thermal insulation ceramic fiberboard according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper and lower surfaces of the PVDF honeycomb structure layer are in contact with the surfaces of the fiber layer and the ceramic layer respectively. The pressure and temperature generated during the hot pressing process soften the PVDF material and form a stable mechanical connection with the fiber layer and the ceramic layer.

7. The impact-resistant composite thermal insulation ceramic fiberboard according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the ceramic fiber is 10-18 μm and the length is 3 mm; the diameter of the reinforcing fiber is 9-20 μm and the length is 2-5 mm.

8. A method for preparing an impact-resistant composite thermal insulation ceramic fiberboard, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step A) preparing a fiber layer: uniformly mixing ceramic fibers and reinforcing fibers to form a fiber layer 1; Step B) mixing ceramic powder and a binder evenly to prepare a ceramic slurry, and evenly coating the ceramic slurry on the surface of the fiber layer to form a ceramic layer; Step C) preparing a PVDF honeycomb structure layer: heating the PVDF material to a molten state, pressing it into a honeycomb structure through a mold, and cooling and shaping it to form a PVDF honeycomb structure layer; Step D) hot pressing the fiber layer and the ceramic layer to tightly combine them; placing the PVDF honeycomb structure layer between the fiber layer and the ceramic layer, and performing secondary hot pressing to tightly fit the PVDF honeycomb structure layer with the fiber layer and the ceramic layer.

9. The method for preparing an impact-resistant composite thermal insulation ceramic fiberboard according to claim 8, wherein the binder is coated on the surface of the fiber layer, evenly coated by a coating machine, and dried at 80-100°C for 10-15 minutes after coating.

10. The method for preparing an impact-resistant composite thermal insulation ceramic fiberboard according to claim 8, wherein the secondary hot pressing is performed at a temperature of 180-200°C, a pressure of 2-4 MPa, and a time of 20-40 min.

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