Integrated reactor device and power generation device of nuclear reactor

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides an integrated reactor device and a power generation device of a nuclear reactor. The integrated reactor device comprises a reactor core container, a fuel element, a heat pipe and a thermoelectric conversion system. The reactor core container is filled with a liquid heat-conducting medium, the fuel element and the heat pipe are arranged in the reactor core container and are soaked in the liquid heat-conducting medium, the heat pipe is provided with a hot end and a cold end, the heat pipe is provided with a phase change medium, and the boiling point of the phase change medium is smaller than that of the liquid heat-conducting medium. The fuel element is arranged close to the hot end of the heat pipe; the thermoelectric conversion system comprises a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger is soaked in the liquid heat-conducting medium in the reactor core container, and the heat exchanger is arranged close to the cold end of the heat pipe so that the heat exchanger can conduct multiple heat exchange with the liquid heat-conducting medium and the heat pipe. Therefore, the integrated reactor device provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of high heat exchange efficiency, good compactness and good sealing performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of nuclear power generation, and in particular to an integrated reactor device and a power generation device of a nuclear reactor having the reactor device. Background Art

[0002] With the development of new technologies, liquid metal reactors are often used in nuclear power, energy, electricity, chemical, pharmaceutical and petroleum industries. Liquid metal reactors refer to reactors that use liquid metal as coolant, mainly including sodium-cooled fast reactors, lead-bismuth fast reactors, lead-cooled reactors and sodium-potassium reactors. The reactor device is provided with an integrated coolant system medium for heat transfer, and the thermoelectric conversion system medium in the heat exchange device can exchange heat with the medium in the integrated coolant system. The steam power conversion device is used to convert the latent heat of the thermoelectric conversion system medium into electrical energy. The heat exchanger is a hub for the transfer of heat in the thermoelectric conversion system of the core container as a coolant in the metal stack, and is a key device in the reactor. In the related art, one end of the heat pipe is set in the core container, and the other end extends out of the core container to communicate with the steam generator, but the heat pipe has a single tube of the heat pipe passing through the container, which is not only complicated to install and operate, but also may cause leakage. In addition, the heat exchange between the heat pipe and the steam generator also has the problem of poor mass transfer effect. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art to at least some extent. To this end, an embodiment of the present invention provides an integrated reactor device. The integrated reactor device has the advantages of high heat exchange efficiency, good compactness and sealing, and high inherent safety.

[0004] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a power generation device for a nuclear reactor.

[0005] The integrated reactor device according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a core container, a fuel element, a heat pipe and a thermoelectric conversion system.

[0006] The core container is filled with liquid heat-conducting medium, the fuel elements and heat pipes are arranged in the core container and immersed in the liquid heat-conducting medium, the heat pipe has a hot end and a cold end, the heat pipe has a phase change medium, the boiling point of the phase change medium is lower than the boiling point of the liquid heat-conducting medium, and the fuel elements are arranged near the hot end of the heat pipe; the thermoelectric conversion system (secondary circuit) includes a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger is immersed in the liquid heat-conducting medium in the core container, and the heat exchanger is arranged near the cold end of the heat pipe so that the heat exchanger can perform multiple heat exchanges with the liquid heat-conducting medium and the heat pipe.

[0007] The integrated reactor device of the embodiment of the present invention, by immersing the heat pipe in the liquid heat-conducting medium, forms solid-liquid heat conduction between the heat pipe and the liquid heat-conducting medium, transfers the heat released by the fuel element to the liquid heat-conducting medium, and then transfers it to the heat pipe through the liquid heat-conducting medium, forming a single heat exchange with high heat uniform conduction. At the same time, the heat exchanger of the thermoelectric conversion system is integrated into the core container, so that the heat exchanger of the thermoelectric conversion system directly participates in the double heat exchange of the liquid heat-conducting medium; and the heat exchanger can also exchange heat with the cold end of the heat pipe to form a triple heat exchange. The heat exchanger of the thermoelectric conversion system is made to conduct heat with the heat pipe and the liquid heat-conducting medium at the same time to improve the efficiency of heat conduction. Moreover, the heat pipe is in direct contact with the liquid heat-conducting medium, so that the heat pipe can respond quickly to temperature changes, further improving the efficiency of heat conduction. This helps to improve the volume power ratio and heat transfer power generation efficiency.

[0008] In addition, the hot end and cold end of the heat pipe are respectively exchanged with the fuel element and the heat exchanger. The liquid heat transfer medium will form a certain natural circulation due to gravity and the density difference caused by the temperature difference (it can be understood that this liquid metal is flowing), which drives the circulation of the liquid heat transfer medium in the core container and enhances the heat exchange efficiency between the integrated coolant system and the thermoelectric conversion system in the core container. Not only does it further improve the efficiency of heat conduction. In addition, there is no need to set up an additional electric pump in the integrated coolant system, which has the advantage of high safety in use.

[0009] In addition, integrating the heat exchanger of the thermoelectric conversion system into the core container not only ensures the efficiency of heat conduction, but also helps to reduce the volume of the heat exchanger to a certain extent, which helps to simplify the reactor plan.

[0010] At the same time, the fuel elements, heat pipes and thermoelectric conversion systems are all set in a liquid heat-conducting medium, and all of them are heat conduction between liquid and solid. It also avoids the problem of air gaps that are very easy to produce in solid-core heat pipe stacks (if solid fuel and heat pipes are in direct contact, it is solid-solid contact, there must be air gaps, and the air in the air gaps will inevitably lead to a decrease in the overall heat transfer performance) affecting the heat conduction. The heat transfer coefficient between liquid and solid is about ten W / mK, which is ten or even hundreds of times that of air (air gap). The whole of this integrated reactor device avoids the generation of air gaps because of liquid-solid heat conduction. As a result, the heat exchange efficiency between the integrated coolant system and the thermoelectric conversion system is further improved.

[0011] Moreover, the heat exchanger arranged in the core container exchanges heat with the heat pipe, which structurally solves the risk of leakage of the integrated coolant system caused by directly passing the heat pipe through the core container for heat exchange, because the heat exchanger can be passed out of the core container only in the extension direction of the heat exchanger, and the passing area is small, so it is relatively easy to seal, which effectively prevents the leakage of liquid heat transfer medium.

[0012] Therefore, the integrated reactor device according to the embodiment of the present invention has the advantages of high heat exchange efficiency, good compactness and good sealing.

[0013] In some embodiments, there are multiple fuel elements, and the heat pipe includes multiple single tubes that are spaced apart from each other. The single tubes are arranged in parallel along the height direction of the core container, and multiple single tubes are evenly distributed outside each fuel element.

[0014] In some embodiments, the integrated reactor device also includes a partition member, which includes an upper baffle, a cylinder and a lower baffle, the upper baffle and the lower baffle respectively cover the two sides of the cylinder along its axial direction, at least one of the upper baffle and the lower baffle is provided with a limit groove, the end of the fuel element is installed in the limit groove, the hot end of the heat pipe is arranged in the cylinder, and the heat pipe passes through the cylinder and out of the cylinder.

[0015] In some embodiments, the integrated reactor device also includes a reflective layer, which is circumferentially arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder, and a plurality of reactivity control devices are arranged in the reflective layer to control the reactivity of the reactor. The plurality of reactivity control devices are arranged outside the cylinder at intervals along the circumference of the cylinder.

[0016] In some embodiments, the heat pipe is filled with one of metallic sodium, metallic potassium, a sodium-potassium alloy, and metallic cesium.

[0017] In some embodiments, the liquid thermal conductive medium is one of metallic lead, lead-bismuth alloy and lead-lithium alloy.

[0018] In some embodiments, the integrated reactor device also includes a turbulent insulation component, and the heat pipe includes an evaporation section, an insulation section and a condensation section arranged in sequence, the evaporation section forms the hot end of the heat pipe, the condensation section forms the cold end of the heat pipe, and the turbulent insulation component is arranged on or around the insulation section.

[0019] In some embodiments, the heat pipe is cylindrical, the fuel element is a fuel rod, the core container is vertically arranged, the length direction of the heat pipe is consistent with the setting direction of the core container, the diameter of the fuel rod is 7cm-27cm; the height of the fuel rod is 0.8m-2.4m; the diameter of the heat pipe is 10cm-40cm; the height of the evaporation section is 0.8m-2.4m, the height of the heat pipe is 1m-4m, the ratio of the evaporation section to the heat pipe height is 0.3-0.7, and the height ratios of the evaporation section, the insulation section and the condensation section are 0.5:0.2:0.3 respectively.

[0020] In some embodiments, the spoiler insulation member is a plurality of stacked fins, which are spaced apart and staggered along the extension direction of the heat pipe to form a labyrinth flow channel; or, the fin is provided with a plurality of flow channel holes, which are spaced apart and staggered along the extension direction of the heat pipe to form a porous flow channel.

[0021] In some embodiments, the heat pipe includes a plurality of single tubes arranged in parallel, the heat exchanger includes a plurality of spiral tubes or a printed circuit heat exchanger, and each of the single tubes is surrounded by a plurality of spiral tubes.

[0022] The power generation device of the nuclear reactor in an embodiment of the present invention includes a steam-electric conversion device and an integrated reactor device according to any one of the above, and the heat exchanger exchanges heat with the steam-electric conversion device to convert the latent heat of the medium of the thermoelectric conversion system into electrical energy.

[0023] In some embodiments, the steam-to-electricity conversion device includes a turbine, a main compressor, a recompressor, a low-temperature regenerator, a high-temperature regenerator, a cooler and a generator; the cold end of the heat exchanger is connected to the cold fluid outlet of the high-temperature regenerator, the hot end of the heat exchanger is connected to the air inlet of the turbine, the turbine is connected to the generator, and the air outlet of the turbine is connected to the hot fluid inlet of the high-temperature regenerator; the hot fluid outlet of the low-temperature regenerator is connected to the inlet of the cooler and the inlet of the recompressor, the cooler outlet is connected to the inlet of the main compressor, the main compressor outlet is connected to the cold fluid inlet of the low-temperature regenerator, and the outlet of the recompressor and the cold fluid outlet of the low-temperature regenerator are connected to the cold fluid inlet of the high-temperature regenerator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a power generation device of a nuclear reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of an integrated reactor device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Reference numerals:

[0027] An integrated reactor device 100;

[0028] Core container 1;

[0029] Fuel element 2;

[0030] Heat pipe 3; evaporation section 31; adiabatic section 32; condensation section 33;

[0031] Heat exchanger 4;

[0032] Baffle 5; upper baffle 51; cylinder 52; lower baffle 53;

[0033] Reactivity control device 6;

[0034] Flow spoiler and heat insulation part 7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0036] Reference below Figure 1-Figure 2 An integrated reactor device 100 and a nuclear reactor power generation device according to an embodiment of the present invention are described.

[0037] The integrated reactor device 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a core container 1, a fuel element 2, a heat pipe 3 and a thermoelectric conversion system.

[0038] The core container 1 is filled with liquid heat-conducting medium, the fuel element 2 and the heat pipe 3 are arranged in the core container 1 and immersed in the liquid heat-conducting medium, the heat pipe 3 has a hot end and a cold end, the heat pipe 3 has a phase change medium, the boiling point of the phase change medium is lower than the boiling point of the liquid heat-conducting medium, and the fuel element 2 is arranged near the hot end of the heat pipe 3; the thermoelectric conversion system includes a heat exchanger 4, the heat exchanger 4 is immersed in the liquid heat-conducting medium in the core container 1, and the heat exchanger 4 is arranged near the cold end of the heat pipe 3 so that the heat exchanger 4 performs multiple heat exchanges with the liquid heat-conducting medium and the heat pipe 3.

[0039] The integrated reactor device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention, by immersing the heat pipe 3 in the liquid heat-conducting medium, forms solid-liquid heat conduction between the heat pipe 3 and the liquid heat-conducting medium, transfers the heat released by the fuel element 2 to the liquid heat-conducting medium, and then transfers it to the heat pipe 3 through the liquid heat-conducting medium, forming a single heat exchange with high heat uniform conduction; at the same time, the heat exchanger 4 of the thermoelectric conversion system is integrated into the core container 1, so that the heat exchanger 4 of the thermoelectric conversion system directly participates in the double heat exchange of the liquid heat-conducting medium; and the heat exchanger 4 can also exchange heat with the cold end of the heat pipe 3 to form a triple heat exchange. The heat exchanger 4 of the thermoelectric conversion system is made to conduct heat with the heat pipe 3 and the liquid heat-conducting medium at the same time to improve the efficiency of heat conduction. Moreover, the heat pipe 3 is in direct contact with the liquid heat-conducting medium, so that the heat pipe 3 can respond quickly to temperature changes, further improving the efficiency of heat conduction. This helps to improve the volume power ratio and heat transfer power generation efficiency.

[0040] In addition, the hot end and the cold end of the heat pipe 3 are respectively exchanged with the fuel element 2 and the heat exchanger 4, and the liquid heat-conducting medium will form a certain natural circulation under the density difference caused by gravity and temperature difference (it can be understood that this liquid metal is flowing), which drives the circulation of the liquid heat-conducting medium in the core container 1 and enhances the heat exchange efficiency between the integrated coolant system and the thermoelectric conversion system in the core container 1. Not only the efficiency of heat conduction is further improved. Moreover, there is no need to set up an additional electric pump in the integrated coolant system, which has the advantage of high safety in use.

[0041] In addition, the heat exchanger 4 of the thermoelectric conversion system is integrated into the core container 1, which not only ensures the efficiency of heat conduction, but also helps to reduce the volume of the heat exchanger 4 to a certain extent, which helps to simplify the reactor scheme.

[0042] At the same time, the fuel element 2, the heat pipe 3 and the thermoelectric conversion system are all arranged in a liquid heat-conducting medium, and all of them are heat conduction between liquid and solid. It also avoids the problem of air gaps that are easily generated in the solid core heat pipe 3 (if the solid fuel and the heat pipe 3 are in direct contact, it is a solid-solid contact, and there must be air gaps. The air in the air gap will inevitably lead to a decrease in the overall heat transfer performance) affecting the heat conduction. The heat transfer coefficient between liquid and solid is about more than ten W / mK, which is more than ten or even hundreds of times that of air (air gap). The integrated reactor device 100 avoids the generation of air gaps because of the liquid-solid heat conduction. As a result, the heat exchange efficiency between the integrated coolant system and the thermoelectric conversion system is further improved.

[0043] Moreover, the heat exchanger 4 arranged in the core container 1 exchanges heat with the heat pipe 3. Structurally, this also solves the risk of leakage of the integrated coolant system caused by directly passing the heat pipe 3 through the core container 1 for heat exchange, because the heat exchanger 4 can be passed through the core container 1 only in the extension direction of the heat exchanger 4, and the passing area is small, so it is relatively easy to seal, which effectively prevents the leakage of the liquid heat transfer medium.

[0044] Therefore, the integrated reactor device 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention has the advantages of high heat exchange efficiency, good compactness and good sealing.

[0045] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, there are multiple fuel elements 2, and multiple heat pipes 3 are evenly distributed outside each fuel element 2.

[0046] The integrated reactor device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention is provided with a plurality of fuel elements 2. The increase in the number of fuel elements 2 means that there is more margin to absorb neutrons, which helps to prevent overheating or other accidents, and can extend the operating time of the reactor before refueling is required, thereby generating higher thermal power output.

[0047] In addition, a plurality of heat pipes 3 are evenly distributed outside each fuel element 2, which can improve the heat exchange between the heat pipes 3 and the fuel element 2. The heat pipes 3 can even out the temperature of the fuel rod surface and avoid local overheating. Therefore, the fuel element 2 is prevented from being damaged and the service life of the fuel rod is extended.

[0048] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the integrated reactor device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention also includes a baffle 5, which includes an upper baffle 51, a cylinder 52 and a lower baffle 53. The upper baffle 51 and the lower baffle 53 are respectively sealed on both sides of the cylinder 52 along its axial direction. At least one of the upper baffle 51 and the lower baffle 53 is provided with a limiting groove, and the end of the fuel element 2 is installed in the limiting groove. The hot end of the heat pipe 3 is arranged in the cylinder 52, and the heat pipe 3 passes through the cylinder 52 and is outside the cylinder 52.

[0049] The integrated reactor device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention can improve the stability of the fuel element 2 in the core container 1 by installing the end of the fuel element 2 in the limiting groove through the spacer 5. Therefore, the integrated reactor device 100 has the advantage of good reliability in use.

[0050] Optionally, the material of the heat pipe 3 can be the same as that of the barrier 5, so as to improve the firmness of the connection between the heat pipe 3 and the barrier 5 (for example, welding or integral molding). Thus, the integrated reactor device 100 has the advantages of high processing convenience and good structural reliability.

[0051] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the integrated reactor device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention also includes a reflection layer, which is arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder 52 along its circumference. A plurality of reactivity control devices 6 are arranged in the reflection layer to control the reactivity of the reactor. The plurality of reactivity control devices 6 are arranged outside the cylinder 52 at intervals along the circumference of the cylinder 52.

[0052] The integrated reactor device 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention can control the reactivity of the reactor by providing a control drum, and thus does not need to provide a control rod driving mechanism.

[0053] Optionally, the reactivity control device may be a core control drum 6 .

[0054] Optionally, the reflective layer material may be made of metallic beryllium, the periphery of the reflective layer may be made of boron-containing water for neutron shielding, and a lead layer may be made on the periphery to shield gamma rays, thereby improving the safety performance of the reactor system.

[0055] The heat pipe 3 is filled with one of metallic sodium, metallic potassium, sodium-potassium alloy and metallic cesium (eg, 400° C.-800° C., for example, the boiling point of sodium is 759° C.).

[0056] The liquid heat conducting medium may be one of metal lead, lead-bismuth alloy and lead-lithium alloy (eg 1200-1800° C., such as the boiling point of lead 1745° C.) The liquid heat conducting medium is metal lead or metal lead-bismuth, which has good fluidity and low viscosity.

[0057] The working fluid inside the heat pipe 3 and the liquid metal substrate outside are different working fluids. The working fluid inside the heat pipe 3 must be able to undergo phase change under corresponding temperature conditions (such as 400-800°C, such as the boiling point of sodium 759°C) to achieve the start-up conditions of the heat pipe 3 and a higher heat transfer efficiency. The liquid metal outside needs to have a higher boiling point (such as 1200-1800°C, such as the boiling point of lead 1745°C) to ensure safety.

[0058] The integrated reactor device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention also includes a turbulent insulation component 7. The heat pipe 3 includes an evaporation section 31, an insulation section 32 and a condensation section 33 which are arranged in sequence. The evaporation section 31 forms the hot end of the heat pipe 3, and the condensation section 33 forms the cold end of the heat pipe 3. The turbulent insulation component 7 is arranged outside or around the insulation section 32.

[0059] The integrated reactor device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention can increase the flow resistance by providing the turbulent heat insulating member 7, so as to achieve a better insulation effect. In addition, the turbulent heat insulating member 7 can also turbulent the flow of the liquid heat conducting medium, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency and uniformity of the liquid heat conducting medium, and while ensuring the normal operation of the heat pipe 3, it helps to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the components inside the core container 1.

[0060] The flow-turbulating heat-insulating member 7 is a plurality of fins arranged in a stacked manner, and the plurality of fins are arranged at intervals and staggered along the extension direction of the heat pipe 3 to form a labyrinth flow channel; or, the fins are provided with a plurality of flow channel holes, and the plurality of flow channel holes are arranged at intervals and staggered along the extension direction of the heat pipe to form a porous flow channel. Therefore, the flow-turbulating heat-insulating member 7 of this structure has the advantages of good flow-turbulating effect, large flow resistance and good heat-insulating effect.

[0061] The heat pipe 3 is cylindrical, the fuel element 2 is a fuel rod, the core container 1 is vertically arranged, the length direction of the heat pipe 3 is consistent with the setting direction of the core container 1 (it can be understood that the heat pipe 3 is also placed vertically), the diameter of the fuel rod is 7-27cm; the height of the fuel rod is 0.8m-2.4m; the diameter of the heat pipe 3 is 10-40cm; the height of the evaporation section 31 is 0.8-2.4m, the height of the heat pipe 3 is 1-4m, the ratio of the height of the evaporation section 31 to the heat pipe 3 is 0.3-0.7, and the height ratios of the evaporation section 31, the insulation section 32 and the condensation section 33 are 0.5:0.2:0.3 respectively.

[0062] The integrated reactor device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention places the heat pipe 3 vertically, and the phase change medium inside it will work simultaneously under the action of gravity and capillary force. When the heat pipe 3 is working, the evaporation section 31 is heated, and the heat is conducted from the tube wall to the liquid wick, so that the liquid working medium in the capillary wick of the liquid wick evaporates and vaporizes. Under the action of a small pressure difference, the steam flows through the insulation section 32 and reaches the condensation section 33, where it is liquefied and releases heat. The liquefied liquid flows back to the evaporation section 31 due to the capillary force generated by the porous structure in the liquid wick for the next cycle, which is beneficial to the reflux of the liquid in the condensation section 33, and the internal circulation of the heat pipe 3 is established faster and more stably, which helps to further improve the heat exchange efficiency of the internal devices of the core container 1.

[0063] In addition, by limiting the length of the evaporation section 31 of the heat pipe 3 and the length of the condensation section 33 and the actual length of the heat exchange between the fuel rod and the heat pipe 3, the problem of low heat exchange efficiency caused by setting the length too large or too small is avoided. Because the temperature difference between the two ends of the heat pipe 3 will also affect the starting temperature, if the temperature difference between the two ends is large enough, even if the temperature of the heating end is not high, it may cause the heat pipe 3 to start. Therefore, by reasonably setting the length of the heat pipe 3, it is helpful to reduce the starting temperature of the heat pipe 3 and miniaturize the design of the core container 1.

[0064] The heat pipe 3 includes a plurality of single pipes arranged in parallel, the heat exchanger 4 includes a plurality of spiral pipes or a printed circuit heat exchanger 4, each single pipe is surrounded by a plurality of spiral pipes, and each single pipe is surrounded by a plurality of spiral pipes. Thus, the integrated reactor device 100 has the advantage of high heat exchange efficiency.

[0065] The power generation device of the nuclear reactor of the embodiment of the present invention comprises a steam-electric conversion device and an integrated reactor device 100 according to any one of the above items, and the heat exchanger 4 exchanges heat with the steam-electric conversion device to convert the latent heat of the medium of the thermoelectric conversion system into electrical energy.

[0066] The power generation device of the nuclear reactor according to the embodiment of the present invention has the advantages of high heat exchange efficiency, good compactness and good sealing.

[0067] The steam-electric conversion device includes a turbine, a main compressor, a recompressor, a low-temperature regenerator, a high-temperature regenerator, a cooler and a generator. The cold end of the heat exchanger 4 is connected to the cold fluid outlet of the high-temperature regenerator, the hot end of the heat exchanger 4 is connected to the air inlet of the turbine, the turbine is connected to the generator, and the air outlet of the turbine is connected to the hot fluid inlet of the high-temperature regenerator; the hot fluid outlet of the low-temperature regenerator is connected to the cooler inlet and the recompressor inlet, the cooler outlet is connected to the main compressor inlet, the main compressor outlet is connected to the cold fluid inlet of the low-temperature regenerator, and the outlet of the recompressor and the cold fluid outlet of the low-temperature regenerator are connected to the cold fluid inlet of the high-temperature regenerator.

[0068] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0069] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0070] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0071] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0072] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0073] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated reactor device, characterized in that: include: A core container, wherein the core container is filled with a liquid heat-conducting medium; A fuel element and a heat pipe, wherein the fuel element and the heat pipe are arranged in the core container and immersed in the liquid heat-conducting medium, the heat pipe has a hot end and a cold end, the heat pipe has a phase-change medium, the boiling point of the phase-change medium is lower than the boiling point of the liquid heat-conducting medium, and the fuel element is arranged near the hot end of the heat pipe to form an integrated coolant system; A thermoelectric conversion system, the thermoelectric conversion system comprising a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger being immersed in the liquid heat-conducting medium in the core container, and the heat exchanger being arranged close to the cold end of the heat pipe so that the heat exchanger can perform multiple heat exchanges with the liquid heat-conducting medium and the heat pipe.

2. The integrated reactor device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple fuel elements, and the heat pipes include multiple single tubes that are spaced apart from each other. The single tubes are arranged in parallel along the height direction of the core container, and multiple single tubes are evenly distributed outside each fuel element.

3. The integrated reactor device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a baffle, which includes an upper baffle, a cylinder and a lower baffle, the upper baffle and the lower baffle respectively cover the two sides of the cylinder along its axial direction, at least one of the upper baffle and the lower baffle is provided with a limiting groove, the end of the fuel element is installed in the limiting groove, the hot end of the heat pipe is arranged in the cylinder, and the heat pipe passes through the cylinder and out of the cylinder.

4. The integrated reactor device according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a reflection layer, which is arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder along its circumference. A plurality of reactivity control devices are arranged in the reflection layer to control the reactivity of the reactor. The plurality of reactivity control devices are arranged outside the cylinder at intervals along the circumference of the cylinder.

5. The integrated reactor device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat pipe is filled with one of metallic sodium, metallic potassium, sodium-potassium alloy and metallic cesium; and / or the liquid heat-conducting medium is one of metallic lead, lead-bismuth alloy and lead-lithium alloy.

6. The integrated reactor device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a turbulent insulation component. The heat pipe includes an evaporation section, an insulation section and a condensation section arranged in sequence. The evaporation section forms the hot end of the heat pipe, the condensation section forms the cold end of the heat pipe, and the turbulent insulation component is arranged on or around the insulation section.

7. The integrated reactor device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The heat pipe is cylindrical, the fuel element is a fuel rod, the core container is vertically arranged, the length direction of the heat pipe is consistent with the setting direction of the core container, the diameter of the fuel rod is 7cm-27cm; the height of the fuel rod is 0.8m-2.4m; the diameter of the heat pipe is 10cm-40cm; the height of the evaporation section is 0.8m-2.4m, the height of the heat pipe is 1m-4m, the ratio of the evaporation section to the heat pipe height is 0.3-0.7, and the height ratios of the evaporation section, the insulation section and the condensation section are 0.5:0.2:0.3 respectively.

8. The integrated reactor device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The spoiler heat insulation member is a plurality of fins arranged in a stacked manner, and the plurality of fins are arranged in a staggered manner at intervals along the extension direction of the heat pipe to form a labyrinth flow channel; or, the fin is provided with a plurality of flow channel holes, and the plurality of flow channel holes are arranged in a staggered manner at intervals along the extension direction of the heat pipe to form a multi-hole flow channel; And / or, the heat pipe includes a plurality of single tubes arranged in parallel, the heat exchanger includes a plurality of sections of spiral tubes or a printed circuit heat exchanger, and each of the single tubes is surrounded by a plurality of sections of the spiral tubes.

9. A power generation device for a nuclear reactor, characterized in that: It comprises a steam-electric conversion device and an integrated reactor device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the heat exchanger exchanges heat with the steam-electric conversion device to convert latent heat of a medium of a thermoelectric conversion system into electrical energy.

10. The power generation device of a nuclear reactor according to claim 9, characterized in that: The steam-electric conversion device includes a turbine, a main compressor, a recompressor, a low-temperature regenerator, a high-temperature regenerator, a cooler and a generator. The cold end of the heat exchanger is connected to the cold fluid outlet of the high-temperature regenerator, the hot end of the heat exchanger is connected to the air inlet of the turbine, the turbine is connected to the generator, and the air outlet of the turbine is connected to the hot fluid inlet of the high-temperature regenerator; the hot fluid outlet of the low-temperature regenerator is connected to the inlet of the cooler and the inlet of the recompressor, the cooler outlet is connected to the inlet of the main compressor, the main compressor outlet is connected to the cold fluid inlet of the low-temperature regenerator, and the outlet of the recompressor and the cold fluid outlet of the low-temperature regenerator are connected to the cold fluid inlet of the high-temperature regenerator.

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