Roller with retainer
By designing a retainer with an outer diameter side column, an inclined column and an inner diameter side column, the existing rollers have been solved inadequate strength and poor lubricity under the influence of centrifugal force, and higher durability and lubricity are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411126637.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2023-08-22
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-16
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-25
AI Technical Summary
When the rollers with retainers face relative position changes caused by factors such as centrifugal force, the strength is insufficient and the lubricity is poor, resulting in low durability.
A roller with a retainer is designed, and the retainer is composed of an outer diameter side column portion, an inclined column portion and an inner diameter side column portion. When the outer diameter of the roller becomes coplanar with the outer diameter of the ring part, the roller comes into contact with the outer diameter side column part and the inner diameter side column part; when the outer diameter protrudes, it only comes into contact with the outer diameter side column part, thereby dissipating the load and reducing the torque load.
Through the design of both contact and unilateral contact, the durability of the retainer is improved, excessive external force is prevented from affecting the retainer, and good lubricity is maintained.
Smart Images
Figure CN119508360A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to a roller with a retainer. Background Art
[0002] For example, the planetary gears of an automatic transmission in an automobile, the connecting rods of an internal combustion engine, etc., the bearings that rotate and revolve at the same time and are subjected to high acceleration exert a large centrifugal force on their retainers. Therefore, the retainers are required to have particularly high strength and lubricity.
[0003] For example, in the following Patent Document 1, in a so-called M-type cage in which a column portion connected to a pair of annular portions arranged in an axial direction is composed of an outer diameter side column portion, an inclined column portion, and an inner diameter side column portion, a recess is formed near the outer diameter of the inner diameter side column portion corresponding to the roller pitch circle, so that the roller does not contact the inner diameter side column portion, thereby preventing an excessive external force from the roller from acting on the cage (paragraphs 0030 to 0034 of Patent Document 1, see Figures 1 to 5 wait).
[0004] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent No. 4581542
[0005] In the structure of Patent Document 1, the roller and the inner diameter side column portion corresponding to the roller pitch circle are not in contact with each other, but in fact, there is a gap between the retainer and the outer ring (gear inner diameter) and the shaft body, and the retainer can move by the amount of the gap. Therefore, even if the roller and the inner diameter side column portion are not in contact only on the roller pitch circle, the strength is not sufficient.
[0006] For example, in a structure such as a planetary reducer where the oscillation caused by the rotation of the bearing and the revolution of the planetary mechanism is large, the load area and the direction of the centrifugal force change over time, so the relationship between the roller and the retainer does not always remain on the pitch circle. In addition, the centrifugal force is the largest in the part orthogonal to the direction in which the centrifugal force is generated, and the retainer moves in the direction of the centrifugal force and contacts the inner diameter of the gear, causing the retainer to deform elliptically, thereby moving the inner diameter side column portion radially outward from the roller pitch circle, so there is a concern that the inner claw formed on the inner diameter side column portion will contact the roller.
[0007] In the structure disclosed in Patent Document 1, the rollers are guided by the outer diameter side column portions and the inclined column portions. However, due to the shape, the rollers come into contact with the inclined column portions, thereby clogging the oil passages. This may deteriorate lubricity.
[0008] In addition, the retainer described in Patent Document 1 is formed into a concave shape so that the roller does not contact the inner diameter side column portion, but the concave shape is formed by a fracture surface accompanying punching from the inner diameter side. Although this forming method has high productivity, it is difficult to manage the shape of the fracture surface, and there is a concern that the desired concave amount cannot be ensured. In particular, there is a case where the concave shape after forming is different between a new mold and a mold before replacement. Summary of the invention
[0009] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a roller with a cage which can prevent an excessive external force from acting on the cage when the relative position between the cage and the roller is changed by centrifugal force or the like and improve the durability thereof.
[0010] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a roller with a retainer, comprising: a retainer having a pair of annular portions arranged in an axial direction, and a plurality of column portions connecting the pair of annular portions to each other in the axial direction; and a plurality of rollers, which are retained between the column portions adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction, the column portions having: a pair of outer diameter side column portions connected to the annular portions and extending toward the axial inside, a pair of The inclined column portion and the inner diameter side column portion connecting the inner ends of the pair of inclined column portions to each other, the circumferential width of the inclined column portion is narrower than the circumferential width of the outer diameter side column portion and the inner diameter side column portion, and when the outer diameter of the roller becomes coplanar with the outer diameter of the annular portion when the retainer and the plurality of rollers are rotated, the roller contacts both the outer diameter side column portion and the inner diameter side column portion, and when the outer diameter of the roller protrudes from the outer diameter of the annular portion, the roller contacts only the outer diameter side column portion.
[0011] According to this, when the outer diameter of the roller is coplanar with the outer diameter of the annular portion, the roller is supported by both the outer diameter side column portion and the inner diameter side column portion, so even if a large load is applied, the load is dispersed to the two columns, thereby improving the durability of the retainer. In addition, when the outer diameter of the roller protrudes from the outer diameter of the annular portion, the contact portion with the roller only contacts the outer diameter side column portion close to the annular portion, which can reduce the moment load between the annular portion and the contact portion, thereby improving the durability of the retainer in the same manner as described above.
[0012] In the above structure, it is preferable that an inclined surface is formed on the outer diameter side of the inner diameter side column portion, the inclined surface has a radial width of not less than 1% and not more than 50% of the radial width of the inner diameter side column portion, and the circumferential width of the inner diameter side column portion decreases from the inner diameter side toward the outer diameter side. Accordingly, compared with a case where the inclined surface is not formed, the inner claw formed on the inner diameter side column portion is less likely to contact the roller, and thus the necessity of displacing the inner diameter side column portion to the inner diameter side to prevent the contact is reduced. In the case where the radial width is narrower than 1%, the effect of the inclined surface cannot be obtained, and in the case where it is wider than 50%, there is a possibility that the contact state between the inner diameter side column portion and the roller when the outer diameter of the annular portion and the outer diameter of the roller become coplanar may be hindered, so it is preferably within the above range.
[0013] In all the above structures, a recessed portion having a smaller circumferential width than that on both sides thereof can be formed in the axial center of the inner diameter side column portion. Accordingly, the contact position between the inner diameter side column portion and the roller is displaced from the axial overall position of the inner diameter side column portion to the axial sides closer to the annular portion, so that the moment load can be alleviated when the roller contacts the inner diameter side column portion, thereby improving the durability of the retainer in the same manner as described above.
[0014] In all the above structures, the above-mentioned inclined column portion can be configured such that the inclination angle of the above-mentioned inclined column portion relative to the axial direction when viewed from the circumferential direction is within a range of 45 degrees to 70 degrees. According to this, the contact portion between the inner diameter side column portion and the roller is located axially outside the inner diameter side column portion, which can reduce the moment load between the annular portion and the contact portion, thereby improving the durability of the retainer in the same manner as described above. In the case where the above-mentioned inclination angle is smaller than 45 degrees, the axial distance between the annular portion and the contact portion becomes larger, so that the moment load is likely to increase. In the case where the inclination angle exceeds 70 degrees, there is a possibility that the support of the roller becomes unstable, so it is preferably within the above-mentioned range.
[0015] In the present invention, a roller with a retainer can be provided, wherein the column portion of the retainer is composed of an outer diameter side column portion, an inclined column portion and an inner diameter side column portion. When the outer diameter of the roller is coplanar with the outer diameter of the annular portion, the roller is in contact with both the outer diameter side column portion and the inner diameter side column portion to disperse the load to the two column portions. When the outer diameter of the roller protrudes from the outer diameter of the annular portion, the roller is in contact with only the outer diameter side column portion, and the moment load between the contact portion of the annular portion and the roller is reduced, thereby improving the durability of the retainer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of an embodiment of a roller with a cage according to the present invention.
[0017] Figure 2 It is along Figure 1 Cross-sectional view along line II-II.
[0018] Figure 3 It is along Figure 1 Cross-sectional view along line III-III.
[0019] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the main part of the roller with a retainer is shown. Figure 4 (a) is the state where the outer diameter of the annular portion and the outer diameter of the roller are coplanar. Figure 4 (b) is a state where the outer diameter of the roller protrudes from the outer diameter of the annular portion.
[0020] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the main part of the first modified example of the roller with a retainer shown in FIG. Figure 5 (a) is the state where the outer diameter of the annular portion and the outer diameter of the roller are coplanar. Figure 5 (b) is a state where the outer diameter of the roller protrudes from the outer diameter of the annular portion.
[0021] Figure 6 Observed from the radial outside Figure 1 FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a main part of a second modified example of a roller with a cage.
[0022] Figure 7 It is along Figure 6 Cross-sectional view along line VII-VII.
[0023] Figure 8 Yes means Figure 6 A cross-sectional view showing a modification of the second modified example shown.
[0024] Description of Reference Numerals
[0025] 2...annular portion; 3...column portion; 4...retainer; 5...roller; 6...column portion on the outer diameter side; 7...inclined column portion; 8...column portion on the inner diameter side; 11...inclined surface; 12...recessed portion; T...radial width (of the inner diameter side column portion); t...radial width (of the inclined surface); α...inclination angle (of the inclined column portion). DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] based on Figures 1 to 4 (a) and (b) illustrate an embodiment of the roller 1 with a retainer involved in the present invention. In the following description, the direction along the rotation axis of the roller 1 with a retainer is referred to as the axial direction, the direction orthogonal to the above-mentioned rotation axis is referred to as the radial direction, and the direction along the arc centered on the above-mentioned rotation axis is referred to as the circumferential direction.
[0027] like Figure 1 as well as Figure 2As shown in the figure, the roller 1 with a retainer includes: a retainer 4 having a pair of annular portions 2 arranged in an axial direction and a plurality of column portions 3 connecting the pair of annular portions 2 to each other in the axial direction; and a plurality of rollers 5 retained between the circumferentially adjacent column portions 3. In the drawings shown below, the rollers 5 are depicted by single-dot chain imaginary lines, so that the shape of the retainer 4 retaining the rollers 5 can be easily seen.
[0028] like Figure 3 As shown, the retainer 4 is a so-called M-type retainer in which the annular portion 2 and the columnar portion 3 form an M shape when viewed in the circumferential direction, and its outer diameter surface is guided by, for example, the inner surface of the gear of the planetary mechanism (not shown), and a shaft body (not shown) is provided on the inner diameter side of the retainer 4. The columnar portion 3 has: a pair of outer diameter side columnar portions 6 respectively connected to the outer peripheral edge portions of the pair of annular portions 2 and extending axially inward, a pair of inclined columnar portions 7 connected to the inner end portions of the outer diameter side columnar portions 6 and extending axially inward while being inclined radially inward, and an inner diameter side columnar portion 8 connecting the inner ends of the pair of inclined columnar portions 7 to each other. As shown Figure 2 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 1 , the circumferential width of the inclined column portion 7 is narrower than the circumferential widths of the outer diameter side column portion 6 and the inner diameter side column portion 8 .
[0029] An inclined surface 9 is formed at the inner diameter side end of the outer diameter side column portion 6, and the circumferential width of the outer diameter side column portion 6 decreases toward the inner diameter side. The inclined surface 9 functions as an outer claw (hereinafter, the same reference numeral as the inclined surface 9 is appropriately marked) that contacts the roller 5. In addition, the outer diameter side end of the inner diameter side column portion 8 becomes an edge 10, and the edge 10 functions as an inner claw (hereinafter, the same reference numeral as the edge 10 is appropriately marked) that can contact the roller 5.
[0030] For example, when the planetary mechanism rotates, the retainer 4 of the roller 1 with a retainer provided in the planetary mechanism will rotate around the shaft provided on the inner diameter side of the retainer 4 while revolving around the sun gear, and will deform into an elliptical shape due to the centrifugal force accompanying the revolution. At this time, the radial positional relationship between the retainer 4 and the roller 5 changes with time. For example, when the retainer 4 is displaced to the outer diameter side and pressed against the inner surface of the gear of the planetary mechanism, the outer diameter of the roller 5 becomes coplanar with the outer diameter of the annular portion 2, so that Figure 4 As shown in (a), on one side in the circumferential direction, the roller 5 is in contact with both the outer claw 9 of the outer diameter side column 6 and the inner claw 10 of the inner diameter side column 8. In addition, when the retainer 4 moves toward the inner diameter side and leaves the inner surface of the gear of the planetary mechanism, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown in (b), the outer diameter of the roller 5 protrudes from the outer diameter of the annular portion 2, so that the roller 5 is in contact with only the outer claws 9 of the outer diameter side column portion 6 on one side in the circumferential direction.
[0031] The contact state between the roller 5 and the inner claw 10 of the inner diameter side column portion 8 is related to the radial position of the inner diameter side column portion 8. By displacing the inner diameter side column portion 8 toward the inner diameter side within a range that does not affect the guiding method of the retainer 4 (in this embodiment, the outer diameter surface of the retainer 4 is guided by the inner surface of the gear, etc.), it is possible to adjust the roller 5 to a state in which the inner claw 10 is less likely to contact.
[0032] like Figure 3 As shown in FIG. 1 , the inclination angle α of the inclined column portion 7 relative to the axial direction when viewed from the circumferential direction is approximately 60 degrees. The inclination angle α can be appropriately determined, but is preferably within the range of 45 degrees to 70 degrees.
[0033] The retainer 4 can be manufactured cheaply by punching a cold-rolled steel sheet of JIS-SPC, JIS-S15C, JIS-SCM415, JIS-SCM420 or the like to form a pocket for accommodating the roller 5, cutting it into a predetermined length, and welding the ends while bending it into a circular ring. Alternatively, the cold-rolled steel sheet can be subjected to a press-drawing process to form a circular ring, and the pocket can be punched out. Alternatively, the circular ring can be formed by turning, and the pocket can be punched out.
[0034] In the roller 1 with the retainer described above, when the outer diameter of the roller 5 is coplanar with the outer diameter of the annular portion 2, the roller 5 contacts both the outer claw 9 of the outer diameter side column portion 6 and the inner claw 10 of the inner diameter side column portion 8, so that the roller 5 is supported by both the outer diameter side column portion 6 and the inner diameter side column portion 8. Therefore, even if a large load is applied, the load is dispersed to the two columns 6 and 8. In addition, when the outer diameter of the roller 5 protrudes from the outer diameter of the annular portion 2, the roller 5 contacts only the outer claw 9 of the outer diameter side column portion 6, so the contact portion with the roller 5 contacts only the outer diameter side column portion 6 close to the annular portion 2, which can reduce the moment load between the annular portion 2 and the contact portion. Therefore, the durability of the retainer 4 can be improved at all times.
[0035] Furthermore, the above-mentioned roller 1 with a retainer is configured such that the circumferential width of the inclined column portion 7 is narrower than the circumferential widths of the outer diameter side column portion 6 and the inner diameter side column portion 8, so that a gap is reliably ensured between the roller 5 in contact with the outer diameter side column portion 6 and the inner diameter side column portion 8 and the inclined column portion 7. Therefore, good lubricity inside the retainer 4 can be ensured, and wear of the inclined column portion 7 can be prevented.
[0036] In addition, the roller 1 with a retainer described above is configured so that the inclination angle α of the inclined column portion 7 relative to the axial direction when viewed from the circumferential direction is about 60 degrees within a range of 45 degrees to 70 degrees, so that the contact portion between the inner diameter side column portion 8 and the roller 5 is located axially outside the inner diameter side column portion 8, and the moment load between the annular portion 2 and the contact portion is reduced. Therefore, the durability of the retainer 4 can be improved.
[0037] The first variation of the roller 1 with a retainer described above is as follows: Figure 5 The basic structure of the retainer 4 involved in the first variant is the same as Figure 4 The structures shown in (a) and (b) are common, but the inner diameter side column portion 8 is formed with an inclined surface 11 whose circumferential width decreases from the inner diameter side toward the outer diameter side, and the inclined surface 11 functions as the inner claw 10 mentioned above. In this first modified example, the inclined surface 11 has a radial width t of about 40% of the radial width T of the inner diameter side column portion 8. The radial width t can be appropriately determined, but is preferably within a range of 1% to 50% of the radial width T of the inner diameter side column portion 8.
[0038] The inclined surface 11 is preferably formed by a surface extrusion process using a die. By using a die, the shape of the inclined surface 11 can be formed with high precision. If the angle β of the inclined surface 11 relative to the radial direction is 30 degrees, it is good in terms of manufacturing such as processability and functions such as the contact state between the roller 5 and the inclined surface 11.
[0039] Furthermore, the roller 1 with a retainer according to the first modified example is configured such that the inclined surface 11 is formed on the inner diameter side column portion 8 . Therefore, the inner diameter side column portion 8 is not lowered to the inner diameter side, and the contact between the roller 5 and the inner diameter side column portion 8 can be reduced.
[0040] The second variation of the above-mentioned roller 1 with a retainer is as follows: Figures 6 to 8 The basic structure of the retainer 4 involved in the second variant is the same as Figure 4 The structures shown in (a) and (b) are the same, but the difference is that a concave portion 12 with a smaller circumferential width than the two sides is formed in the axial center of the inner diameter side column portion 8. In addition, the inclined column portion 7 viewed from the circumferential direction is Figure 7 The inclination angle α1 of the holder 4 shown is about 60 degrees. Figure 8 The illustrated retainer 4 has an inclination angle α2 of approximately 45 degrees. When the inclination angle α1 is approximately 60 degrees, the inclined column portion 7 viewed from the circumferential direction stands up more steeply than when the inclination angle α2 is approximately 45 degrees, and the claw-to-claw distance a between the outer diameter side column portion 6 and the inner diameter side column portion 8 when the inclination angle α1 is approximately 60 degrees is shorter than the claw-to-claw distance b when the inclination angle α2 is approximately 45 degrees (a<b).
[0041] The roller 1 with a retainer according to the second modified example is configured such that a recess 12 is formed in the axial center of the inner diameter side column portion 8, so that the contact position between the inner diameter side column portion 8 and the roller 5 is displaced from the axial entirety of the inner diameter side column portion 8 to the axial sides closer to the annular portion 2. Therefore, the moment load can be relieved when the roller 5 contacts the inner diameter side column portion 8, and the durability of the retainer 4 can be improved. In addition, the inclination angle α (α1, α2) of the inclined column portion 7 is set to 60 degrees or 45 degrees, so that the contact portion between the inner diameter side column portion 8 and the roller 5 is located axially outside the inner diameter side column portion 8, and the moment load between the annular portion 2 and the contact portion can be further reduced, and the effect of improving the durability of the retainer 4 can be further improved. The inclination angle α is preferably appropriately changed within a range of 45 degrees or more and 70 degrees or less in consideration of the moment load acting on the retainer 4.
[0042] The roller 1 with a cage described above can be independently incorporated into a housing, but can also be applied to various roller bearings such as a shell-type needle roller bearing, for example.
[0043] The embodiments disclosed this time should be considered to be illustrative in all respects and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is indicated by the claims rather than the above description, and is intended to include all modifications within the meaning and scope equivalent to the claims.
Claims
1. A roller with a retainer, characterized in that: have: A retainer (4) comprising a pair of annular portions (2) arranged in an axial direction, and a plurality of columnar portions (3) connecting the pair of annular portions (2) to each other in the axial direction; and a plurality of rollers (5), wherein the plurality of rollers (5) are held between the column portions (3) adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction, The column portion (3) comprises: a pair of outer diameter side column portions (6) connected to the annular portion (2) and extending axially inward, a pair of inclined column portions (7) connected to the inner ends of the outer diameter side column portions (6) and extending axially inward while being inclined radially inward, and an inner diameter side column portion (8) connecting the inner ends of the pair of inclined column portions (7). The circumferential width of the inclined column portion (7) is narrower than the circumferential widths of the outer diameter side column portion (6) and the inner diameter side column portion (8). When the retainer (4) and the plurality of rollers (5) are rotating, when the outer diameter of the roller (5) becomes coplanar with the outer diameter of the annular portion (2), the roller (5) contacts both the outer diameter side column portion (6) and the inner diameter side column portion (8), and when the outer diameter of the roller (5) protrudes from the outer diameter of the annular portion (2), the roller (5) contacts only the outer diameter side column portion (6).
2. The roller with a retainer according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inclined surface (11) is formed on the outer diameter side of the inner diameter side column portion (8), and the inclined surface (11) has a radial width (t) that is not less than 1% and not more than 50% of the radial width (T) of the inner diameter side column portion (8), and the circumferential width of the inner diameter side column portion (8) decreases from the inner diameter side toward the outer diameter side.
3. The roller with a retainer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A recessed portion (12) having a smaller circumferential width than that on both sides thereof is formed at the axial center of the inner diameter side column portion (8).
4. The roller with a cage according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The inclination angle (α) of the inclined columnar portion (7) relative to the axial direction when viewed from the circumferential direction is within a range of 45 degrees to 70 degrees.