Preparation method of degradable antibacterial fiber

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of antibacterial degradable fibers. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding chitosan and citric acid into a polyethylene glycol solution, and uniformly stirring to obtain an antibacterial polyvinyl alcohol solution; the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing polylactic acid, chitosan, super-antibacterial polyvinyl alcohol 1, a compatilizer polyvinyl alcohol grafted modified poly-L-lactic acid and polycaprolactone, an antioxidant and a lubricant in a high-speed mixer to obtain a material 1; adding the material 1 into a parallel double-screw extruder from a main feeding hole, and granulating to obtain a granular material 2; performing vacuum drying on the material 2 to obtain a material 3; and putting the material 3 into a screw type spinning machine for melt spinning to obtain the antibacterial degradable fiber. The antibacterial functional components chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol are well combined with a water-soluble degradable fiber base material, so that good functionality, spinnability and mechanical strength are achieved at the same time. The prepared material has the characteristics of high antibacterial property, wide antibacterial spectrum, low cost, environment friendliness and the like, and has a good market application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of fiber materials, and in particular to a method for preparing degradable antibacterial fiber. Background Art

[0002] Degradable fibers are made of degradable polymers and can be completely degraded by organisms in nature or light conditions. The commonly used degradable polymers are polylactic acid (PLA), polybutylene adipate / terephthalate (PBAT), cellulose (CE), chitosan (CS), polycaprolactone (PCL), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), polybutylene succinate (PBS), etc.

[0003] Polyvinyl alcohol is a water-soluble, fully biodegradable polymer formed by the alcoholysis of polyvinyl acetate. Its main molecular chain is a carbon chain. Due to the presence of a large number of hydroxyl groups, it has strong polarity and will form a large number of intermolecular and intramolecular hydrogen bonds. It has good hygroscopicity and good spinnability, but poor mechanical properties. It needs to be compounded with other materials to prepare fiber materials that meet the needs of use.

[0004] Chitosan is a product of the natural polysaccharide chitin with some acetyl groups removed. It has multiple physiological functions such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, non-toxicity, antibacterial, anti-cancer, lipid-lowering, and immune-enhancing.

[0005] The present invention firstly provides a method for preparing antibacterial degradable fibers, and then well combines antibacterial functional components chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol with a water-soluble degradable fiber substrate to simultaneously achieve good functionality, spinnability and mechanical strength. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention aims to provide a method for preparing antibacterial and degradable fibers.

[0007] The object of the present invention is achieved through the following scheme: a method for preparing antibacterial and degradable fibers, the specific steps of the method are: 1) Add a certain amount of chitosan and citric acid to the polyethylene glycol solution and stir evenly to obtain an antibacterial polyvinyl alcohol solution; 2) 30-50 parts of polylactic acid, 10-20 parts of chitosan, 10-20 parts of super antibacterial polyvinyl alcohol, 5-15 parts of poly(L-lactic acid) grafted with compatibilizer polyvinyl alcohol, 10-20 parts of polycaprolactone, 0.4-0.6 parts of antioxidant and 0.4-0.6 parts of lubricant were mixed in a high-speed mixer for 20-30 minutes at a speed of 300-500 rpm to obtain material 1; 3) Material 1 is added into a parallel twin-screw extruder from a main feed port for granulation, the barrel temperature is 170-195°C, the screw speed is 200-300 rpm, water ring pelletizing is adopted, and cyclone separation and drying are performed to obtain granular material 2; 4) Place material 2 in a vacuum drying oven, control the drying temperature to 80-95°C, the drying time to 8-12 h, and control the moisture content to less than 160 ppm to obtain material 3; 5) placing material 3 into a screw spinning machine for melt spinning, controlling the melt temperature to 198-202°C, the spinneret aspect ratio to 2.50-2.65, and the spinning speed to 500-1200 m / min, to obtain antibacterial and degradable fibers.

[0008] Preferably, in step 1), the mass ratio of chitosan to citric acid is 10:1 to 2:1.

[0009] The present invention combines the antibacterial functional components chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol with the water-soluble degradable fiber substrate to achieve good functionality, spinnability and mechanical strength at the same time. The prepared material has the characteristics of strong antibacterial performance, broad antibacterial spectrum, low cost, green and environmental protection, and has good market application prospects. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0010] The embodiments are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed implementation methods and specific operation processes are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0011] Example 1 An antibacterial and degradable fiber is prepared according to the following steps: 1) Add chitosan and citric acid into the polyethylene glycol solution in a ratio of 10:1, stir evenly, and obtain an antibacterial polyvinyl alcohol solution; 2) 40 parts of polylactic acid, 15 parts of chitosan, 15 parts of polyvinyl alcohol modified with ultra-fine nano silver wires having super antibacterial properties, 10 parts of poly (L-lactic acid) grafted with polyvinyl alcohol as a compatibilizer and 10 parts of polycaprolactone, 0.5 parts of an antioxidant and 0.5 parts of a lubricant were mixed in a high-speed mixer for 25 minutes at a speed of 400 rpm to obtain material 1; 3) Material 1 was added into a parallel twin-screw extruder from the main feed port for granulation, the barrel temperature was 180 °C, the screw speed was 240 rpm, water ring pelletizing was adopted, and cyclone separation and drying were performed to obtain granular material 2; 4) Place material 2 in a vacuum drying oven, control the drying temperature to 85 °C, the drying time to 10 h, and control the moisture content to less than 160 ppm to obtain material 3; 5) placing material 3 into a screw spinning machine for melt spinning, controlling the melt temperature at 200°C, the spinneret aspect ratio at 2.60, and the spinning speed at 800 m / min to obtain antibacterial and degradable fibers.

[0012] The antibacterial and degradable fiber prepared in this embodiment has an antibacterial rate of 99.7% against Escherichia coli and 99.5% against Staphylococcus aureus, and has excellent antibacterial properties.

[0013] Example 2 An antibacterial and degradable fiber is prepared according to the following steps: 1) adding chitosan and citric acid into the polyethylene glycol solution in a ratio of 5:1, stirring evenly to obtain an antibacterial polyvinyl alcohol solution; 2) 30 parts of polylactic acid, 10 parts of chitosan, 10 parts of antibacterial polyvinyl alcohol, 5 parts of poly(L-lactic acid) grafted with polyvinyl alcohol as a compatibilizer, 10 parts of polycaprolactone, 0.4 parts of an antioxidant and 0.4 parts of a lubricant were mixed in a high-speed mixer for 20 min at a speed of 300 rpm to obtain material 1; 3) Material 1 was added into a parallel twin-screw extruder from the main feed port for granulation, the barrel temperature was 170°C, the screw speed was 200 rpm, water ring pelletization was adopted, and cyclone separation and drying were performed to obtain granular material 2; 4) placing material 2 in a vacuum drying oven, controlling the drying temperature to 80°C, the drying time to 8 h, and controlling the moisture content to less than 160 ppm, to obtain material 3; 5) placing material 3 into a screw spinning machine for melt spinning, controlling the melt temperature to 198°C, the spinneret aspect ratio to 2.50, and the spinning speed to 500 m / min, to obtain an antibacterial and degradable fiber.

[0014] The antibacterial and degradable fiber prepared in this embodiment has an antibacterial rate of 99.9% against Escherichia coli and 99.8% against Staphylococcus aureus, and has excellent antibacterial properties.

[0015] Example 3 An antibacterial and degradable fiber is prepared according to the following steps: 1) adding chitosan and citric acid into the polyethylene glycol solution in a ratio of 4:1, stirring evenly to obtain an antibacterial polyvinyl alcohol solution; 2) 50 parts of polylactic acid, 20 parts of chitosan, 20 parts of ultrafine nano silver wire modified polyvinyl alcohol, 15 parts of poly (L-lactic acid) grafted with compatibilizer polyvinyl alcohol, 20 parts of polycaprolactone, 0.6 parts of antioxidant and 0.6 parts of lubricant were mixed in a high-speed mixer for 30 min at a speed of 500 rpm to obtain material 1; 3) Material 1 was added into a parallel twin-screw extruder from the main feed port for granulation, the barrel temperature was 195° C., the screw speed was 300 rpm, water ring pelletization was adopted, and cyclone separation and drying were performed to obtain granular material 2; 4) placing material 2 in a vacuum drying oven, controlling the drying temperature to 95°C, the drying time to 12 h, and controlling the moisture content to less than 160 ppm, to obtain material 3; 5) placing material 3 into a screw spinning machine for melt spinning, controlling the melt temperature to 202°C, the spinneret aspect ratio to 2.65, and the spinning speed to 1200 m / min, to obtain an antibacterial and degradable fiber.

[0016] The antibacterial and degradable fiber prepared in this embodiment has an antibacterial rate of 99.4% against Escherichia coli and 99.5% against Staphylococcus aureus, and has excellent antibacterial properties.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an antibacterial and degradable fiber, characterized in that The specific steps of this method are: 1) Add a certain amount of chitosan and citric acid to the polyethylene glycol solution and stir evenly to obtain an antibacterial polyvinyl alcohol solution; 2) 30-50 parts of polylactic acid, 10-20 parts of chitosan, 10-20 parts of super antibacterial polyvinyl alcohol, 5-15 parts of poly(L-lactic acid) grafted with compatibilizer polyvinyl alcohol, 10-20 parts of polycaprolactone, 0.4-0.6 parts of antioxidant and 0.4-0.6 parts of lubricant were mixed in a high-speed mixer for 20-30 minutes at a speed of 300-500 rpm to obtain material 1; 3) Material 1 is added into a parallel twin-screw extruder from a main feed port for granulation, the barrel temperature is 170-195°C, the screw speed is 200-300 rpm, water ring pelletizing is adopted, and cyclone separation and drying are performed to obtain granular material 2; 4) Place material 2 in a vacuum drying oven, control the drying temperature to 80-95°C, the drying time to 8-12 h, and control the moisture content to less than 160 ppm to obtain material 3; 5) placing material 3 into a screw spinning machine for melt spinning, controlling the melt temperature to 198-202°C, the spinneret aspect ratio to 2.50-2.65, and the spinning speed to 500-1200 m / min, to obtain antibacterial and degradable fibers.

2. The method for preparing the antibacterial and degradable fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that In step 1), the mass ratio of chitosan to citric acid is 10:1-2:

1.

3. The method for preparing the antibacterial and degradable fiber according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Prepare as follows: 1) Add chitosan and citric acid into the polyethylene glycol solution in a ratio of 10:1, stir evenly, and obtain an antibacterial polyvinyl alcohol solution; 2) 40 parts of polylactic acid, 15 parts of chitosan, 15 parts of polyvinyl alcohol modified with ultra-fine nano silver wires having super antibacterial properties, 10 parts of poly (L-lactic acid) grafted with polyvinyl alcohol as a compatibilizer and 10 parts of polycaprolactone, 0.5 parts of an antioxidant and 0.5 parts of a lubricant were mixed in a high-speed mixer for 25 minutes at a speed of 400 rpm to obtain material 1; 3) Material 1 was added into a parallel twin-screw extruder from the main feed port for granulation, the barrel temperature was 180 °C, the screw speed was 240 rpm, water ring pelletizing was adopted, and cyclone separation and drying were performed to obtain granular material 2; 4) Place material 2 in a vacuum drying oven, control the drying temperature to 85 °C, the drying time to 10 h, and control the moisture content to less than 160 ppm to obtain material 3; 5) placing material 3 into a screw spinning machine for melt spinning, controlling the melt temperature at 200°C, the spinneret aspect ratio at 2.60, and the spinning speed at 800 m / min, to obtain antibacterial and degradable fiber ultrafine nano silver wire water-soluble antibacterial and degradable fiber.

4. The method for preparing the antibacterial and degradable fiber according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Prepare as follows: 1) Add chitosan and citric acid into the polyethylene glycol solution in a ratio of 5:1, stir evenly, and obtain an antibacterial polyvinyl alcohol solution; 2) 30 parts of polylactic acid, 10 parts of chitosan, 10 parts of antibacterial polyvinyl alcohol, 5 parts of poly(L-lactic acid) grafted with polyvinyl alcohol as a compatibilizer, 10 parts of polycaprolactone, 0.4 parts of an antioxidant and 0.4 parts of a lubricant were mixed in a high-speed mixer for 20 min at a speed of 300 rpm to obtain material 1; 3) Material 1 was added into a parallel twin-screw extruder from the main feed port for granulation, the barrel temperature was 170°C, the screw speed was 200 rpm, water ring pelletizing was adopted, and cyclone separation and drying were performed to obtain granular material 2; 4) Place material 2 in a vacuum drying oven, control the drying temperature to 80 °C, the drying time to 8 h, and control the moisture content to less than 160 ppm to obtain material 3; 5) Material 3 was placed into a screw spinning machine for melt spinning, the melt temperature was controlled at 198 °C, the spinneret aspect ratio was controlled at 2.50, and the spinning speed was 500 m / min, to obtain ultrafine nano silver wire water-soluble antibacterial and degradable fibers.

5. The method for preparing the antibacterial and degradable fiber according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Prepare as follows: 1) Add chitosan and citric acid into the polyethylene glycol solution in a ratio of 4:1, stir evenly, and obtain an antibacterial polyvinyl alcohol solution; 2) 50 parts of polylactic acid, 20 parts of chitosan, 20 parts of ultrafine nano silver wire modified polyvinyl alcohol, 15 parts of poly (L-lactic acid) grafted with polyvinyl alcohol as a compatibilizer, 20 parts of polycaprolactone, 0.6 parts of an antioxidant and 0.6 parts of a lubricant were mixed in a high-speed mixer for 30 minutes at a speed of 500 rpm to obtain material 1; 3) Material 1 was added into a parallel twin-screw extruder from the main feed port for granulation, the barrel temperature was 195°C, the screw speed was 300 rpm, water ring pelletizing was adopted, and cyclone separation and drying were performed to obtain granular material 2; 4) Place material 2 in a vacuum drying oven, control the drying temperature to 95 °C, the drying time to 12 h, and control the moisture content to less than 160 ppm to obtain material 3; 5) placing material 3 into a screw spinning machine for melt spinning, controlling the melt temperature at 202 °C, the spinneret aspect ratio at 2.65, and the spinning speed at 1200 m / min to obtain antibacterial and degradable fibers.