Oversized reserved hole mold hanging tool and construction method
By using a hanging mold system of arched I-shaped steel and wire rope, combined with arch reinforcement steel and reinforcement tools, the problem of traditional construction methods being difficult to support the over-large holes is solved, and the safety and efficiency of construction is improved, and it is suitable for the pouring of over-large holes.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411829959.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-28
AI Technical Summary
Traditional hole construction methods are difficult to meet the construction requirements of super-large reserved holes, increasing construction difficulty and safety risks, and affecting the quality and progress of the project.
A hanging mold system composed of arched I-shaped steel and wire rope, combined with arched reinforcement steel and reinforcement tools, can achieve effective support and uniform dispersion of the formwork through the cooperation of the wire rope and telescopic column.
It improves the safety, efficiency and project quality of construction, and is suitable for the casting of hanging molds at super-large holes. There is no need to set up an ultra-elevated body or foundation treatment, simplifying the construction process.
Smart Images
Figure CN119531596A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hole construction, and in particular to a hanging formwork tool for an extra-large reserved hole and a construction method. Background Art
[0002] In the field of construction, especially in the later pouring process of reserved openings in concrete slabs, traditional construction methods have some limitations. For openings with smaller sizes, a hanging formwork method is usually used, while for openings with larger sizes, a support frame is required. However, when the opening size is particularly large, and the height from the lower layer is high or there is a lack of a stable foundation below, the traditional hanging formwork and support frame construction methods are difficult to meet the construction requirements. This not only increases the difficulty of construction, but may also lead to construction safety issues and affect the quality and progress of the project. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a hanging formwork tool and construction method suitable for super-large reserved openings to improve construction efficiency and safety. Summary of the invention
[0003] In view of the above-mentioned defects and problems, the present invention provides a tool and a construction method for hanging formwork for an extra-large reserved hole. Through its unique design and construction process, it effectively solves the problem of difficulty in supporting the formwork during casting construction of an extra-large reserved hole, thereby improving the safety, efficiency and engineering quality of the construction.
[0004] The solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a tool and construction method for hanging formwork for an extra-large reserved opening, comprising an arched I-beam and a steel wire rope, bottom plates are horizontally welded at both ends of the arched I-beam, and connecting steel plates are welded at the bottoms of both sides of the arched I-beam, a plurality of holes with equal horizontal spacing are reserved on the arched I-beam and the connecting steel plate, the upper end of the steel wire rope is fixed to the arched I-beam through the reserved holes on the arched I-beam, and the lower end passes through the holes of the connecting steel plate, a covering formwork and a steel pipe hanger are horizontally arranged below the opening, a wooden square is vertically arranged above the steel pipe hanger for supporting the covering formwork, the lower end of the steel wire rope passes through the covering formwork and is fixed to the steel pipe hanger, and the steel wire rope hangs the steel pipe hanger and the covering formwork horizontally at the opening; It also includes arched reinforcement steel and a reinforcement tool. The two ends of the arched reinforcement steel are movably inserted into the reserved slots on both sides of the hole, so that the arched reinforcement steel is supported at the hole. The reinforcement tool is movably sleeved on the central steel wire rope, including a telescopic column supported on the covering template. A pressure block is welded on the side wall of the telescopic column. The arched reinforcement steel is fixed by the pressure block. When the telescopic column contracts, the arched reinforcement steel can be pressed by the pressure block to change from a straight line to an arc structure. A driving member for driving the telescopic column to contract is arranged at the upper end of the telescopic column.
[0005] Furthermore, the driving part includes a supporting sleeve and two sliding sleeves which are slidably mounted on the central steel wire rope, and the upper and lower sliding sleeves are symmetrically arranged, the upper sliding sleeve is fixed to the connecting steel plate by a fixing part, and the lower sliding sleeve is overlapped on the upper end of the telescopic column; a pressure bolt is mounted on the supporting sleeve perpendicular to the steel wire rope rotation sleeve, a nut is threadedly mounted on the pressure bolt, and the nut and the sliding sleeve are hinged by a movable push rod; rotating the pressure bolt can drive the nut to move inward, and the lower sliding sleeve is pushed downward by the movable push rod, thereby pushing the telescopic column to contract, so that the pressure block drives the arched reinforcement steel to bend downward.
[0006] Furthermore, the fixing member is a height-limiting bolt fixed to the upper end of the upper sliding sleeve, a fixing hole is opened on the connecting steel plate, and the height-limiting bolt passes through the fixing hole of the connecting steel plate and is fixed to the connecting steel plate through a nut.
[0007] Furthermore, a buttress is fixed to the upper end of the telescopic column, the lower sliding sleeve is overlapped on the buttress, and the buttress is always higher than the casting surface of the hole.
[0008] Furthermore, a steel wire through hole is reserved on the central axis of the reinforcement tool, and the steel wire rope passes through the steel wire through the reinforcement tool.
[0009] Furthermore, the reinforcement tool can be arranged on a plurality of steel wire ropes, and the reinforcement tool is symmetrically arranged with the central steel wire rope as the axis of symmetry.
[0010] A construction method for a super-large reserved hole hanging formwork tool comprises the following steps: 1) Pre-process the arched I-beam, bottom plate, steel wire rope, connecting steel plate, and cladding formwork, and support the arched I-beam above the opening through the bottom plate; 2) Pass the lower end of the wire rope through the reserved hole of the steel pipe hanger and fix it firmly with a rope clamp; 3) Arrange the wood in a direction perpendicular to the steel pipe hanger, and then place the covering template flat on top of the wood and flush with the bottom of the opening; 4) Install the reinforcement tool on the middle wire rope, and pass all the wire ropes through the reserved holes of the arched I-beam, and fix them firmly with rope clamps; 5) Place an arched reinforcement steel at the opening, and insert both ends of the arched reinforcement steel into the steel wire through hole; 6) Fix the reinforcement tool at the specified height of the wire rope through the height-limiting bolts and nuts, then screw the pressure bolts to drive the nuts to move inward, push the lower sliding sleeve downward through the movable push rod, drive the telescopic rod of the telescopic column to retract, and then drive the arched reinforcement steel to be pressed down through the pressure block, pressing the arched reinforcement steel from a straight state to an arc state; 7) Pour concrete at the opening. After the concrete solidifies, cut off the exposed steel wire rope, remove the arched I-beam, covering formwork, wooden planks, steel pipe hangers and reinforcement tools, and bury the arched reinforcement steel and telescopic columns in the concrete.
[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by using the hanging formwork system composed of arched I-beams and steel wire ropes, effective support can be provided for the formwork, loads can be effectively dispersed and transferred, and when the height below the opening is high or the bearing capacity is insufficient, the formwork can be reinforced without erecting a super-high frame or performing foundation treatment, which can effectively save construction time and is suitable for the hanging formwork pouring work of super-large openings, and the construction method is simple and easy to install and disassemble, thereby improving construction efficiency; By setting up arched reinforcement steel and reinforcement tools, during pouring, the reinforcement steel can be changed from straight to arched and pre-buried in the concrete through the reinforcement tools. The arched structure can transfer the external load to the support point through the arc, making the structure more evenly stressed and improving the load-bearing and compressive resistance of the opening. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] Figure 1 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the top view structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the application reinforcement tool of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a front view cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 3 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the telescopic column of the present invention.
[0013] In the figure: 1. Arched I-beam; 2. Bottom plate; 3. Steel wire rope; 4. Connecting steel plate; 5. Covering formwork; 6. Wooden square; 7. Steel pipe hanger; 8. Arched reinforcement steel; 9. Reinforcement tool; 91. Telescopic column; 92. Pressure block; 93. Abutment; 94. Sliding sleeve; 95. Support sleeve; 96. Pressure bolt; 97. Nut; 98. Height limiting bolt; 99. Movable push rod; 910. Nut; 10. Wire through hole; 11. Reserved slot hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0014] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0015] See also Figure 1-6 The present invention provides a technical solution for a large reserved hole hanging formwork tool and a construction method: Embodiment 1: according to Figure 1and Figure 2 As shown, the supporting tools for the hanging formwork include an arched I-beam 1, a steel wire rope 3, a connecting steel plate 4, a cladding formwork 5, a wooden square 6 and a steel pipe hanger 7. The arched I-beam 1 is made of 14# I-beam, which is processed into an arch shape by the factory. Bottom plates 2 are horizontally welded at both ends of the arched I-beam 1. The bottom plates 2 are made of 400×800×20mm steel plates. Connecting steel plates 4 are welded at the bottom of both sides of the arched I-beam 1 as the reinforcing arc chord of the arched I-beam 1. During construction, the bottom plates 2 are supported on both sides of the opening so that the arched I-beam 1 is supported directly above the opening. A plurality of horizontally equidistant holes are reserved on the arched I-beam 1 and the connecting steel plate 4 for inserting and fixing the steel wire rope 3. The steel wire rope 3 is a steel wire rope with a diameter of 18mm. The upper end is fixed to the arched I-beam through the reserved holes on the arched I-beam 1 and is firmly fixed with a rope buckle. The lower end is fixed to the arched I-beam 1 through the reserved holes on the arched I-beam 1 and is firmly fixed with a rope buckle. It hangs down through the hole connecting the steel plate 4; a covering formwork 5 and a steel pipe hanger 7 are horizontally arranged below the opening. The covering formwork 5 adopts a 14mm thick covering panel to support cast-in-place concrete, and is supported by a wooden square 6 and a steel pipe hanger 7 below. The steel pipe hanger 7 adopts a steel pipe with a diameter of 48mm and a wall thickness of 3.0mm, and is suspended and fixed by a steel wire rope. The lower end of the steel wire rope 3 passes through the covering formwork 5 and is fixed to the steel pipe hanger 7 by a rope buckle. Multiple steel wire ropes 3 hang the steel pipe hanger 7 horizontally at the opening. A wooden square 6 is vertically arranged above the steel pipe hanger 7. The cross-section of the wooden square 6 is 40mm×80mm, which is used to support the covering formwork 5 so that the covering formwork 5 is close to the upper wall inside the opening.
[0016] By using arched I-beams 1 and steel wire ropes 3 to hoist and support the covering formwork 5, it is suitable for hanging formwork casting work in super-large openings, and the arched structure can transfer the external load to the supporting point through the arc. This transfer method makes the structure more evenly stressed, reduces the stress concentration phenomenon of the structure, and thus improves the supporting performance of the hanging formwork tool.
[0017] The method for using the hanging formwork tool provided in this embodiment to cast-in-place construction to reserve a hole is as follows: 1) Pre-process the corresponding arched I-beam 1, bottom plate 2, steel wire rope 3, connecting steel plate 4, and cladding template 5, and support the arched I-beam 1 above the opening through the bottom plate 2; 2) Pass the lower end of the wire rope 3 through the reserved hole of the steel pipe hanger 7 and fix it firmly with a rope clamp; 3) Arrange the wooden squares 6 in a direction perpendicular to the steel pipe hanger 7, and then place the covering template 5 flat on the wooden squares 6 and flush with the bottom of the opening; 4) Pass the upper end of the steel wire rope 3 through the covering template 5 and the connecting steel plate 4, and through the reserved hole of the arched I-beam 1, and fix it firmly with a rope clamp; 5) Pour concrete at the opening. After pouring, cut off the exposed steel wire rope 3, and remove the arched I-beam 1, covering formwork 5, wooden square 6 and steel pipe hanger 7.
[0018] Embodiment 2: Based on the first embodiment, the same points as the first embodiment will not be described in detail. The differences are as follows: Since the opening is cast as a plane structure, when the plane structure is subjected to external loads, the force is often concentrated on a certain part of the structure, causing the part to bear greater pressure. Therefore, in order to improve the bearing capacity of the opening, an arched auxiliary structure can be added at the casting position of the opening. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, it includes an arched reinforcement steel 8 and a reinforcement tool 9. A reserved slot 11 is reserved by symmetrically opening holes on both side walls of the hole. The two ends of the arched reinforcement steel 8 are inserted into the reserved slot 11, so that the arched reinforcement steel 8 is supported at the hole. The reinforcement tool 9 is movably sleeved on the central steel wire rope 3, including a longitudinally arranged telescopic column 91. The bottom end of the telescopic column 91 is supported on the covering template 5. A pressure block 92 is welded on the side wall of the telescopic column 91. The arched reinforcement steel 8 is located on both sides of the telescopic column 91 and can be pressed down and fixed by the pressure block 92. When the telescopic rod of the telescopic column 91 is retracted downward, the arched reinforcement steel 8 can be pressed by the pressure block 92 to change from a straight line to an arc structure. A driving member for driving the telescopic column 91 to retract is provided at the upper end of the telescopic column 91.
[0019] The driving member includes a support sleeve 95 and a sliding sleeve 94. Both the sliding sleeve 94 and the support sleeve 95 are slidably mounted on the middle wire rope 3, and the upper and lower sliding sleeves 94 are symmetrically arranged relative to the support sleeve 95. The upper sliding sleeve 94 is fixed to the connecting steel plate 4 through a fixing member. A stop 93 is installed at the upper end of the telescopic column 91, and the lower sliding sleeve 94 overlaps the upper surface of the stop 93. A pressure bolt 96 is mounted on the support sleeve 95 perpendicular to the rotation of the wire rope 3, and a threaded sleeve is mounted on the pressure bolt 96. The nut 97 is hinged to the upper and lower sleeves 94 through a movable push rod 99. When the pressure bolt 96 is turned, the nut 97 can be driven to move inward under the effect of the thread, and then the upper and lower sleeves 94 are thrusted in the opposite direction through the movable push rod 99. Since the upper sleeve 94 is fixed, the movable push rod 99 can only push the lower sleeve 94 to move downward, thereby pushing the telescopic rod of the telescopic column 91 to contract, so that the pressure block 92 drives the arched reinforcement steel 8 to press down. And after the telescopic column is contracted to the lowest point, the platform is still higher than the casting surface, thereby ensuring that the sleeve will not be buried by concrete and that the sleeve can be removed smoothly. A steel wire through hole 10 is reserved on the central axis of the telescopic column 91, the sleeve 94 and the support sleeve 95. The steel wire rope 3 passes through the steel wire through hole 10 to penetrate the reinforcement tool 9 and hoist the steel pipe hanger 7.
[0020] The fixing part is a height limiting bolt 98 fixed to the upper end of the upper sliding sleeve 94. A wire through hole 10 is reserved in the center of the height limiting bolt 98 for the steel wire 3 to pass through. A fixing hole is opened on the connecting steel plate 4. The height limiting bolt 98 passes through the fixing hole of the connecting steel plate 4 and is fixed to the connecting steel plate 4 through a nut 910. The height limiting bolt 98 is fixed to the connecting steel plate 4 through the nut 910, and then the upper sliding sleeve 94 is fixed to the designated position of the steel wire 3. In order to improve the bending effect of the arched reinforcing steel 8, a reinforcing tool 9 can be set on multiple steel wires 3, and the reinforcing tool 9 is symmetrically set with the middle steel wire 3 as the symmetry axis, and by adjusting the position of the height limiting bolt 98 on the connecting steel plate 4, the overall height of the reinforcing tool 9 can be adjusted, so that the reinforcing tool 9 can adjust the bending angle of the arched reinforcing steel 8 according to the actual processing conditions.
[0021] After pouring is completed, the arched reinforcement steel 8 is buried in the concrete. Due to its arc shape, the arched reinforcement steel 8 can form an internal pressure distribution when subjected to force. This pressure distribution can have a certain resistance to external loads, making the pressure on the entire hole more uniform.
[0022] The method for using the hanging formwork tool provided in this embodiment to cast-in-place construction to reserve a hole is as follows: 1) Pre-process the corresponding arched I-beam 1, bottom plate 2, steel wire rope 3, connecting steel plate 4, and cladding template 5, and support the arched I-beam 1 above the opening through the bottom plate 2; 2) Pass the lower end of the wire rope 3 through the reserved hole of the steel pipe hanger 7 and fix it firmly with a rope clamp; 3) Arrange the wooden squares 6 in a direction perpendicular to the steel pipe hanger 7, and then place the covering template 5 flat on the wooden squares 6 and flush with the bottom of the opening; 4) Install the reinforcement tool 9 on the middle wire rope 3, and pass all the wire ropes 3 through the reserved holes of the arched I-beam 1, and fix them firmly with rope clamps; 5) Place an arched reinforcement steel 8 at the hole, and insert both ends of the arched reinforcement steel 8 into the steel wire through hole 10; 6) Fix the reinforcement tool 9 at the specified height of the steel wire rope 3 through the height-limiting bolt 98 and the nut 910, then screw the pressure bolt 96 to drive the nut 97 to move inward, push the lower sliding sleeve 94 downward through the movable push rod 99, drive the telescopic rod of the telescopic column 91 to retract, and then drive the arched reinforcement steel 8 to be pressed downward through the pressing block 92, and press the arched reinforcement steel 8 from a straight state to an arc state; 7) Pour concrete at the opening. After the concrete solidifies, cut off the exposed steel wire rope 3, and remove the arched I-beam 1, covering formwork 5, wooden square 6, steel pipe hanger 7 and reinforcement tools 9.
[0023] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A tool for hanging formwork for an extra-large reserved hole, characterized in that: It comprises an arched I-beam (1) and a steel wire rope (3), wherein bottom plates (2) are horizontally welded at both ends of the arched I-beam (1), and connecting steel plates (4) are welded at the bottoms of both sides of the arched I-beam (1), and a plurality of holes with equal horizontal spacing are reserved on the arched I-beam (1) and the connecting steel plate (4), the upper end of the steel wire rope (3) is fixed to the arched I-beam (1) through the reserved holes on the arched I-beam (1), and the lower end passes through the holes of the connecting steel plate (4), a covering template (5) and a steel pipe hanger (7) are horizontally arranged below the opening, a wooden square (6) is vertically arranged above the steel pipe hanger (7) for supporting the covering template (5), the lower end of the steel wire rope (3) passes through the covering template (5) and is fixed to the steel pipe hanger (7), and the steel wire rope (3) hangs the steel pipe hanger (7) and the covering template (5) horizontally at the opening; It also includes an arched reinforcing steel (8) and a reinforcing tool (9), wherein the two ends of the arched reinforcing steel (8) are movably inserted into the reserved slots (11) on both sides of the hole opening so that the arched reinforcing steel (8) is supported at the hole opening, and the reinforcing tool (9) is movably sleeved on the central steel wire rope (3), and includes a telescopic column (91) supported on the covering template (5), a pressing block (92) is welded to the side wall of the telescopic column (91), and the arched reinforcing steel (8) is clamped and fixed by the pressing block (92). When the telescopic column (91) is retracted, the arched reinforcing steel (8) can be pressed by the pressing block (92) to change from a straight line to an arc structure, and a driving member for driving the telescopic column (91) to retract is arranged at the upper end of the telescopic column (91).
2. The super large reserved hole hanging mold tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving member comprises a support sleeve (95) and two slide sleeves (94) which are slidably mounted on the central steel wire rope (3), and the upper and lower slide sleeves are symmetrically arranged, the upper slide sleeve is fixed to the connecting steel plate (4) through a fixing member, and the lower slide sleeve is overlapped on the upper end of the telescopic column (91); a pressure bolt (96) is rotatably mounted on the support sleeve (95) perpendicular to the steel wire rope (3), a nut (97) is threadedly mounted on the pressure bolt (96), and the nut (97) and the slide sleeve are hinged through a movable push rod (99); the pressure bolt (96) is rotated to drive the nut (97) to move inward, and the lower slide sleeve (94) is pushed downward by the movable push rod (99), thereby pushing the telescopic column (91) to contract, so that the pressure block (92) drives the arched reinforcement steel (8) to be pressed downward and bent.
3. The super large reserved hole hanging mold tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixing member is a height limiting bolt (98) fixed to the upper end of the upper sliding sleeve. A fixing hole is provided on the connecting steel plate (4). The height limiting bolt (98) passes through the fixing hole of the connecting steel plate (4) and is fixed to the connecting steel plate (4) through a nut (910).
4. The super large reserved hole hanging mold tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: A stopper (93) is fixed to the upper end of the telescopic column (91), and a lower sliding sleeve is overlapped on the stopper (93), and the stopper (93) is always higher than the casting surface of the hole.
5. The super large reserved hole hanging mold tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A steel wire through hole (10) is reserved on the central axis of the reinforcement tool (9), and the steel wire rope (3) passes through the steel wire through hole (10) and penetrates the reinforcement tool (9).
6. The super large reserved hole hanging mold tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reinforcement tool (9) can be arranged on a plurality of steel wire ropes (3), and the reinforcement tool (9) is symmetrically arranged with the central steel wire rope (3) as a symmetry axis.
7. A construction method based on the super-large reserved hole hanging formwork tool according to claims 1-6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) The arched I-beam (1), the bottom plate (2), the steel wire rope (3), the connecting steel plate (4), and the covering template (5) are pre-processed, and the arched I-beam (1) is supported above the opening through the bottom plate (2); 2) Pass the lower end of the steel wire rope (3) through the reserved hole of the steel pipe hanger (7) and secure it firmly with a rope clamp; 3) Arrange the wood (6) in a direction perpendicular to the steel pipe hanger (7), and then place the covering template (5) flat on top of the wood (6) and flush with the bottom of the hole; 4) Insert the reinforcement tool (9) onto the middle steel wire rope (3), and pass all the steel wire ropes (3) through the reserved holes of the arched I-beam (1), and secure them firmly with rope clamps; 5) Place an arched reinforcement steel (8) at the hole, and insert both ends of the arched reinforcement steel (8) into the steel wire through hole (10); 6) The reinforcing tool (9) is fixed at a specified height of the steel wire rope (3) by means of a height limiting bolt (98) and a nut (910), and then the pressure bolt (96) is screwed to drive the nut (97) to move inward, and the lower sliding sleeve (94) is pushed downward by the movable push rod (99), thereby driving the telescopic rod of the telescopic column (91) to be retracted, and then the arched reinforcing steel (8) is driven downward by the pressing block (92), thereby pressing the arched reinforcing steel (8) from a straight state to an arc state; 7) Concrete is poured at the opening. After the concrete solidifies, the exposed steel wire rope (3) is cut off, and the arched I-beam (1), the covering formwork (5), the wooden square (6), the steel pipe hanger (7) and the reinforcement tool (9) are removed. The arched reinforcement steel (8) and the telescopic column (91) are buried in the concrete.