Fast-response piezoelectric high-voltage sensor of pulse wind tunnel and assembly and installation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of pulse wind tunnel tests, and discloses a fast-response piezoelectric high-voltage sensor of a pulse wind tunnel and an assembly and installation method thereof. The outer layer of the sensor comprises a shell, an upper pressure-bearing seat and a lower pressure-bearing seat which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, a diaphragm is clamped at the top end, a force transmission block, an upper crystal plate, a conductive disc, a lower crystal plate, an insulating tube, an upper insulating seat and a lower insulating seat are sequentially arranged in an inner cavity from top to bottom, and a lead of the conductive disc penetrates through a central through hole of the sensor and is connected to the top of a contact pin. The assembling method comprises the steps of welding conductive disc leads; and the upper pressure-bearing seat, the lower pressure-bearing seat, the conductive disc, the lower crystal plate, the force transmission block, the upper crystal plate, the inner sleeve, the shell, the upper pressure-bearing seat, the lower pressure-bearing seat and the contact pin are sequentially assembled. The mounting method comprises the steps of machining external threads; installing a metal sealing ring; and installing and fixing the fast-response piezoelectric high-voltage sensor. The sensor is fast in response time, high in sensitivity, high in measurement precision, wide in working pressure range and small in environmental influence; the assembly method and the installation method are simple and reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of pulse wind tunnel tests, and in particular relates to a fast-response piezoelectric high-voltage sensor for a pulse wind tunnel and an assembly and installation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Piezoelectric materials have a positive piezoelectric effect. Under the action of external force, the upper and lower surfaces of the piezoelectric material generate equal and opposite charges, and the amount of charge is proportional to the size of the external force. Piezoelectric pressure sensors use piezoelectric materials as conversion elements. Piezoelectric pressure sensors have the characteristics of high sensitivity, good linearity, and fast response, and are usually used for dynamic pressure measurement.

[0003] Pulse wind tunnel is a ground simulation test equipment that is crucial for the development of ultra-high-speed aircraft. The flow field parameters of pulse wind tunnel operation need to be calculated by measuring the step-type stagnation pressure generated by the low-pressure section of the shock tube. At present, the stagnation pressure of existing pulse wind tunnels is generally in the range of 20MPa~50MPa, and the effective test time of pulse wind tunnels is usually within a dozen milliseconds. Therefore, it is more suitable to use piezoelectric pressure sensors to measure the stagnation pressure. However, how to accurately measure this step-type high-dynamic high pressure has become the focus and difficulty of the development of piezoelectric pressure sensors.

[0004] Currently, there is an urgent need to develop a fast-response piezoelectric high-voltage sensor for a pulse wind tunnel and an assembly and installation method thereof. Summary of the invention

[0005] One technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a fast-response piezoelectric high-voltage sensor for a pulse wind tunnel. Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an assembly method for a fast-response piezoelectric high-voltage sensor for a pulse wind tunnel. Still another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an installation method for a fast-response piezoelectric high-voltage sensor for a pulse wind tunnel, so as to fill the gaps in the prior art.

[0006] The main body of the fast-response piezoelectric high-voltage sensor for the pulse wind tunnel of the present invention is an upper pressure-bearing seat of the present invention and a lower pressure-bearing seat of the present invention which are set up and down; the upper pressure-bearing seat of the present invention and the lower pressure-bearing seat of the present invention are matched and installed through the lower step of the upper pressure-bearing seat of the present invention; on the central axis of the upper pressure-bearing seat of the present invention and the lower pressure-bearing seat of the present invention, an insulating tube of the present invention, an upper insulating seat of the present invention and a lower insulating seat of the present invention are arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the insulating tube of the present invention, the upper insulating seat of the present invention and the lower insulating seat of the present invention are provided with a central through hole which passes through from top to bottom; The insulating tube of the present invention extends upward from the upper insulating seat of the present invention, and the extending height is the same as the thickness of the lower crystal sheet of the present invention; the lower crystal sheet of the present invention is mounted on the insulating tube of the present invention; and the conductive disk of the present invention, the upper crystal sheet of the present invention and the force transmission block of the present invention are stacked in sequence from bottom to top above the lower crystal sheet of the present invention; The inner sleeve of the present invention is sequentially mounted on the outer surfaces of the force transmission block of the present invention, the upper crystal sheet of the present invention, the conductive disk of the present invention and the lower crystal sheet of the present invention from top to bottom, and the lower end of the inner sleeve of the present invention falls on the top step of the upper pressure-bearing seat of the present invention; the outer sleeve of the present invention is mounted on the outer surface of the inner sleeve of the present invention from top to bottom, and the lower end surface of the outer sleeve of the present invention falls on the middle step of the upper pressure-bearing seat of the present invention; the upper end surface of the outer sleeve of the present invention is inserted into the diaphragm of the present invention, and the lower surface of the diaphragm of the present invention contacts the upper surface of the force transmission block of the present invention; the pin of the present invention is inserted into the central through hole of the lower insulating seat of the present invention from bottom to top; The conductive disk of the present invention is welded with leads, which are connected to the top of the pin of the present invention through the central through hole of the insulating tube of the present invention, the upper insulating seat of the present invention and the lower insulating seat of the present invention; the leads of the conductive disk of the present invention are fixed at the central through hole of the upper insulating seat of the present invention by insulating colloid; The contact edges of each component are fixed by welding.

[0007] Furthermore, the materials of the diaphragm of the present invention, the force transmission block of the present invention, the conductive disk of the present invention, the inner sleeve of the present invention, the outer shell of the present invention, the upper pressure-bearing seat of the present invention and the lower pressure-bearing seat of the present invention are all 17-4 stainless steel.

[0008] Furthermore, the material of the upper crystal piece of the present invention and the lower crystal piece of the present invention are both quartz piezoelectric crystals.

[0009] Furthermore, the material of the lead wire is pure silver; the material of the pin of the present invention is H62 brass.

[0010] The assembly method of the fast-response piezoelectric high-pressure sensor for a pulse wind tunnel of the present invention comprises the following steps: S11. Welding conductive plate leads of the present invention; Adjust the process parameters of the laser welding machine, and use the laser welding machine to weld the lead wire to the center position of the lower surface of the conductive disk of the present invention; S12. Assemble the upper pressure bearing seat of the present invention and the lower pressure bearing seat of the present invention; Insert a section of the insulating tube of the present invention into the inner hole at the top of the upper pressure bearing seat of the present invention from top to bottom, and the insulating tube of the present invention extends out of the inner hole at the top, and the height of the extension is the same as the thickness of the lower crystal sheet of the present invention; The upper insulating seat of the present invention is inserted into the inner hole at the bottom of the upper pressure-bearing seat of the present invention from bottom to top, and the lower end surface of the insulating tube of the present invention is connected with the upper end surface of the upper insulating seat of the present invention; The lower insulating seat of the present invention is installed in the inner hole of the lower pressure-bearing seat of the present invention, so that the upper end surface of the lower insulating seat of the present invention is connected with the lower end surface of the upper insulating seat of the present invention, and the lower end surface of the lower insulating seat of the present invention is flush with the lower end surface of the lower pressure-bearing seat of the present invention, ensuring that the central through holes inside the upper pressure-bearing seat of the present invention and the lower pressure-bearing seat of the present invention are electrically insulated from the adjacent crystal or metal; S13. Assembling the conductive disk of the present invention and the lower crystal sheet of the present invention; The lower crystal sheet of the present invention is sleeved on the upper end of the insulating tube of the present invention through the central hole; The conductive plate of the present invention is placed above the lower crystal plate of the present invention, and the lead wire welded on the conductive plate of the present invention passes through the central through hole inside the insulating tube of the present invention, the upper pressure bearing seat of the present invention, and the lower pressure bearing seat of the present invention; Fill the central through hole of the upper insulating seat with insulating colloid, and after heating and standing to solidify, fix the lead wire in the central through hole of the upper insulating seat to prevent the lead wire from falling off from the conductive disk of the present invention due to subsequent assembly actions; S14. Assembling the force transmission block of the present invention and the upper crystal sheet of the present invention; The upper crystal sheet and the force transmission block are sequentially installed on the conductive disk, and all the assembled parts are ensured to be coaxial, and then the upper crystal sheet, the conductive disk and the lower crystal sheet are tightly wound with insulating tape; S15. Assembling the inner sleeve of the present invention; The inner sleeve of the present invention is sequentially sleeved over the force transmission block of the present invention, the upper crystal sheet of the present invention, the conductive disk of the present invention and the lower crystal sheet of the present invention from top to bottom; the lower end of the inner sleeve of the present invention falls on the top step of the upper pressure-bearing seat of the present invention, and the upper end face of the inner sleeve of the present invention is flush with the upper end face of the force transmission block of the present invention; the upper edge of the inner sleeve of the present invention is welded and fixed to the upper end face of the force transmission block of the present invention by a laser welding machine, and the lower edge of the inner sleeve of the present invention is welded and fixed to the top step of the upper pressure-bearing seat of the present invention, and the packaging is completed; S16. Assembling the housing of the present invention; The outer surface of the inner sleeve of the present invention is polished and smooth, and the outer sleeve of the present invention is sleeved on the outer surface of the inner sleeve of the present invention from top to bottom, and the lower end surface of the outer sleeve of the present invention falls on the middle step of the upper pressure bearing seat of the present invention; The diaphragm of the present invention is inserted into the upper end surface of the housing of the present invention, so that the lower surface of the diaphragm of the present invention contacts the upper surface of the force transmission block of the present invention; the lower edge of the housing of the present invention is welded and fixed to the upper pressure bearing seat of the present invention, and the diaphragm of the present invention is welded and fixed to the upper edge of the housing of the present invention, and the packaging is completed; S17. Assemble the upper pressure bearing seat of the present invention and the lower pressure bearing seat of the present invention; Assemble the lower pressure-bearing seat of the present invention, which has been assembled with the lower insulating seat of the present invention, and the upper pressure-bearing seat of the present invention through the lower step of the upper pressure-bearing seat of the present invention; pass the lead wire through the central through hole of the lower pressure-bearing seat of the present invention; and weld and fix the contact edges of the upper pressure-bearing seat of the present invention and the lower pressure-bearing seat of the present invention; S18. Assembling the pin of the present invention, completing the assembly of the fast-response piezoelectric high-voltage sensor; The end of the lead wire is wound into the groove at the top of the plug pin of the present invention to ensure reliable connection between the lead wire and the plug pin of the present invention; then the plug pin of the present invention is inserted from bottom to top into the central through hole of the lower insulating seat of the present invention, and the assembly of the fast response piezoelectric high-voltage sensor is completed.

[0011] Furthermore, the insulating tape, the insulating tube of the present invention, the upper insulating seat of the present invention and the lower insulating seat of the present invention are all made of polytetrafluoroethylene; the insulating colloid is made of epoxy resin curing glue.

[0012] The method for installing a fast-response piezoelectric high-voltage sensor for a pulse wind tunnel of the present invention includes installing the fast-response piezoelectric high-voltage sensor in an existing through hole of a pulse wind tunnel pipe wall and matching a dedicated metal sealing ring and a clamping bolt, and includes the following steps: S21. Processing external thread; The clamping bolt of the present invention is processed with an external thread matching the internal thread on the through hole of the pulse wind tunnel pipe wall; S22. Install the metal sealing ring of the present invention; The present invention installs a metal sealing ring on the step in the through hole of the pulse wind tunnel wall; S23. Install a fast-response piezoelectric high-voltage sensor; The diaphragm of the fast response piezoelectric high-pressure sensor of the present invention is directed toward the inner cavity of the pulse wind tunnel tube wall and inserted into the through hole of the pulse wind tunnel tube wall; S24. Fixed fast response piezoelectric high voltage sensor; Insert the clamping bolt of the present invention into the through hole of the pulse wind tunnel tube wall, tighten the clamping bolt of the present invention, and drive the fast-response piezoelectric high-voltage sensor to clamp the metal sealing ring of the present invention by squeezing the lower pressure-bearing seat of the present invention through the bottom of the clamping bolt until the diaphragm of the present invention is flush with the inner cavity of the pulse wind tunnel tube wall, and the installation of the fast-response piezoelectric high-voltage sensor is completed.

[0013] Furthermore, the material of the metal sealing ring of the present invention is H62 brass, and the material of the clamping bolt of the present invention is 17-4 stainless steel.

[0014] In short, the outer layer of the fast-response piezoelectric high-pressure sensor for the pulse wind tunnel of the present invention is a shell, an upper pressure-bearing seat and a lower pressure-bearing seat connected in sequence from top to bottom through a step end face; a diaphragm is mounted on the top; the inner cavity is composed of a force transmission block, an upper crystal sheet, a conductive disk, a lower crystal sheet, an insulating tube, an upper insulating seat and a lower insulating seat from top to bottom, and the lead of the conductive disk passes through a pin from a central through hole.

[0015] The fast-response piezoelectric high-voltage sensor for the pulse wind tunnel of the present invention has a simple mechanical structure and low production cost. It also has the characteristics of fast response time, high sensitivity, high measurement accuracy, wide working pressure range, and little environmental influence. It can meet the needs of general enterprises and institutions for dynamic high-voltage measurement in scientific research and production. The assembly method is simple, and the installation method can be promoted and implemented only through the adaptive design of the clamping bolt structure, and has good economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1aIt is a structural schematic diagram (cross-sectional view) of a fast-response piezoelectric high-pressure sensor for a pulse wind tunnel of the present invention; Figure 1b It is a structural schematic diagram (stereoscopic diagram) of a fast-response piezoelectric high-pressure sensor for a pulse wind tunnel of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a diaphragm in a fast-response piezoelectric high-pressure sensor of a pulse wind tunnel of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a force transmission block in a fast-response piezoelectric high-pressure sensor of a pulse wind tunnel of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the upper crystal piece in the fast response piezoelectric high-pressure sensor of the pulse wind tunnel of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a conductive disk in a fast-response piezoelectric high-voltage sensor of a pulse wind tunnel of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the lower crystal piece in the fast response piezoelectric high-pressure sensor of the pulse wind tunnel of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the inner sleeve in the fast response piezoelectric high pressure sensor of the pulse wind tunnel of the present invention; Figure 8a A schematic diagram (cross-sectional view) of a housing in a fast-response piezoelectric high-pressure sensor for a pulse wind tunnel of the present invention; Figure 8b A schematic diagram (stereoscopic diagram) of a housing in a fast-response piezoelectric high-pressure sensor for a pulse wind tunnel of the present invention; Figure 9a It is a schematic diagram (cross-sectional view) of an upper pressure bearing seat in a fast-response piezoelectric high-pressure sensor for a pulse wind tunnel of the present invention; Figure 9b It is a schematic diagram (stereoscopic diagram) of an upper pressure bearing seat in a fast-response piezoelectric high-pressure sensor for a pulse wind tunnel of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of an upper insulating seat in a fast-response piezoelectric high-voltage sensor for a pulse wind tunnel of the present invention; Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the lower insulating seat in the fast-response piezoelectric high-voltage sensor of the pulse wind tunnel of the present invention; Fig.12a A schematic diagram (cross-sectional view) of the pins in the fast-response piezoelectric high-voltage sensor of the pulse wind tunnel of the present invention; Figure 12b A schematic diagram (stereoscopic diagram) of a pin in a fast-response piezoelectric high-voltage sensor for a pulse wind tunnel of the present invention; Fig.13a It is a schematic diagram (cross-sectional view) of a lower pressure bearing seat in a fast-response piezoelectric high-pressure sensor for a pulse wind tunnel of the present invention; Fig.13bIt is a schematic diagram (stereoscopic diagram) of the lower pressure bearing seat in the fast response piezoelectric high pressure sensor of the pulse wind tunnel of the present invention; Fig.14 The working curve of the fast response piezoelectric high-pressure sensor of the pulse wind tunnel of the present invention; Fig.15a It is the time domain response signal curve (measured value) of the fast response piezoelectric high-pressure sensor of the pulse wind tunnel of the present invention; Fig.15b It is the time domain response signal curve (measurement value baseline) of the fast response piezoelectric high pressure sensor of the pulse wind tunnel of the present invention; Fig.16a A schematic diagram (cross-sectional view) of a metal sealing ring used in assembling a fast-response piezoelectric high-pressure sensor for a pulse wind tunnel of the present invention; Fig.16b A schematic diagram (stereoscopic diagram) of a metal sealing ring used in assembling a fast-response piezoelectric high-pressure sensor for a pulse wind tunnel of the present invention; Fig.17a A schematic diagram (cross-sectional view) of a clamping bolt used when assembling a fast-response piezoelectric high-pressure sensor for a pulse wind tunnel of the present invention; Fig.17b A schematic diagram (stereoscopic diagram) of a clamping bolt used when assembling a fast-response piezoelectric high-pressure sensor for a pulse wind tunnel of the present invention; Fig.18 This is a schematic diagram of assembling the fast-response piezoelectric high-pressure sensor for the pulse wind tunnel of the present invention.

[0017] In the figure, 1. diaphragm; 2. force transmission block; 3. upper crystal plate; 4. conductive disk; 5. lower crystal plate; 6. insulating tube; 7. inner sleeve; 8. outer shell; 9. upper pressure-bearing seat; 10. upper insulating seat; 11. lower insulating seat; 12. pin; 13. lower pressure-bearing seat; 14. metal sealing ring; 15. clamping bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] Embodiment: The fast response piezoelectric high-pressure sensor of the pulse wind tunnel of this embodiment is used for measuring the pressure in the pulse wind tunnel chamber.

[0020] like Figure 1a~Figure 1b , Figure 2~Figure 7 , Figure 8a~Figure 8b , Figure 9a~Figure 9b , Figure 10~Figure 11 , Figure 12a~Figure 12b , Figure 13a~Figure 13bAs shown, the main body of the fast-response piezoelectric high-pressure sensor for the pulse wind tunnel of this embodiment is an upper pressure-bearing seat 9 and a lower pressure-bearing seat 13 which are set up and down; the upper pressure-bearing seat 9 and the lower pressure-bearing seat 13 are matched and installed through the lower step of the upper pressure-bearing seat 9; on the central axis of the upper pressure-bearing seat 9 and the lower pressure-bearing seat 13, an insulating tube 6, an upper insulating seat 10 and a lower insulating seat 11 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the insulating tube 6, the upper insulating seat 10 and the lower insulating seat 11 are provided with a central through hole which passes through from top to bottom; The insulating tube 6 extends upward from the upper insulating seat 10, and the height of the extension is the same as the thickness of the lower crystal sheet 5; the lower crystal sheet 5 is sleeved on the insulating tube 6; above the lower crystal sheet 5, the conductive plate 4, the upper crystal sheet 3 and the force transmission block 2 are stacked in sequence from bottom to top; The inner sleeve 7 is sequentially mounted on the outside of the force transmission block 2, the upper crystal sheet 3, the conductive disk 4 and the lower crystal sheet 5 from top to bottom, and the lower end of the inner sleeve 7 falls on the top step of the upper pressure-bearing seat 9; the outer shell 8 is mounted on the outside of the inner sleeve 7 from top to bottom, and the lower end surface of the outer shell 8 falls on the middle step of the upper pressure-bearing seat 9; the upper end surface of the outer shell 8 is inserted into the diaphragm 1, and the lower surface of the diaphragm 1 contacts the upper surface of the force transmission block 2; the pin 12 is inserted into the central through hole of the lower insulating seat 11 from bottom to top; Lead wires are welded on the conductive disk 4, and the lead wires are connected to the top of the pin 12 through the central through hole of the insulating tube 6, the upper insulating seat 10 and the lower insulating seat 11; the lead wires of the conductive disk 4 are fixed at the central through hole of the upper insulating seat 10 by insulating colloid; The contact edges of each component are fixed by welding.

[0021] Furthermore, the materials of the diaphragm 1, the force transmission block 2, the conductive disk 4, the inner sleeve 7, the outer shell 8, the upper pressure-bearing seat 9 and the lower pressure-bearing seat 13 are all 17-4 stainless steel.

[0022] Furthermore, the upper crystal plate 3 and the lower crystal plate 5 are both made of quartz piezoelectric crystal.

[0023] Furthermore, the material of the lead wire is pure silver; the material of the pin 12 is H62 brass.

[0024] The assembly method of the fast response piezoelectric high-pressure sensor for the pulse wind tunnel of this embodiment comprises the following steps: S11. Welding the conductive plate 4 leads; Adjust the process parameters of the laser welding machine, and use the laser welding machine to weld the lead wire to the center position of the lower surface of the conductive disk 4; S12. Assemble the upper pressure bearing seat 9 and the lower pressure bearing seat 13; Insert a section of insulating tube 6 from top to bottom into the inner hole at the top of the upper pressure bearing seat 9, and the insulating tube 6 extends out of the inner hole at the top, and the height of the extension is the same as the thickness of the lower crystal sheet 5; Insert the upper insulating seat 10 from bottom to top into the inner hole at the bottom of the upper pressure bearing seat 9, and the lower end surface of the insulating tube 6 is connected to the upper end surface of the upper insulating seat 10; The lower insulating seat 11 is installed in the inner hole of the lower pressure-bearing seat 13, so that the upper end surface of the lower insulating seat 11 is connected with the lower end surface of the upper insulating seat 10, and the lower end surface of the lower insulating seat 11 is flush with the lower end surface of the lower pressure-bearing seat 13, ensuring that the central through hole inside the upper pressure-bearing seat 9 and the lower pressure-bearing seat 13 is electrically insulated from the adjacent crystal or metal; S13. Assembling the conductive disk 4 and the lower crystal plate 5; Put the lower crystal plate 5 on the upper end of the insulating tube 6 through the center hole; The conductive plate 4 is placed above the lower crystal plate 5, and the lead wire welded on the conductive plate 4 passes through the central through hole inside the insulating tube 6, the upper pressure bearing seat 9 and the lower pressure bearing seat 13; Fill the central through hole of the upper insulating seat 10 with insulating colloid, heat and solidify it, and then fix the lead wire in the central through hole of the upper insulating seat 10 to prevent the lead wire from falling off the conductive plate 4 due to subsequent assembly actions; S14. Assemble the force transmission block 2 and the upper crystal sheet 3; Install the upper crystal sheet 3 and the force transmission block 2 on the conductive plate 4 in sequence, and ensure that all the assembled parts are coaxial, and then use insulating tape to wrap the upper crystal sheet 3, the conductive plate 4 and the lower crystal sheet 5 tightly; S15. Assemble the inner sleeve 7; The inner sleeve 7 is sequentially sleeved over the force transmission block 2, the upper crystal sheet 3, the conductive disk 4 and the lower crystal sheet 5 from top to bottom; the lower end of the inner sleeve 7 falls on the top step of the upper pressure-bearing seat 9, and the upper end surface of the inner sleeve 7 is flush with the upper end surface of the force transmission block 2; the upper edge of the inner sleeve 7 is welded and fixed to the upper end surface of the force transmission block 2 by a laser welding machine, and the lower edge of the inner sleeve 7 is welded and fixed to the top step of the upper pressure-bearing seat 9 to complete the packaging; S16. Assembling the housing 8; The outer surface of the inner sleeve 7 is polished and smooth, and the outer shell 8 is sleeved on the outer surface of the inner sleeve 7 from top to bottom, and the lower end surface of the outer shell 8 falls on the middle step of the upper pressure bearing seat 9; Insert the diaphragm 1 into the upper end surface of the housing 8 so that the lower surface of the diaphragm 1 contacts the upper surface of the force transmission block 2; use a laser welding machine to weld and fix the lower edge of the housing 8 to the upper pressure bearing seat 9, and weld and fix the diaphragm 1 to the upper edge of the housing 8 to complete the packaging; S17. Assemble the upper pressure bearing seat 9 and the lower pressure bearing seat 13; Assemble the lower pressure-bearing seat 13, which has been assembled with the lower insulating seat 11, and the upper pressure-bearing seat 9 through the lower step of the upper pressure-bearing seat 9; pass the lead wire through the central through hole of the lower pressure-bearing seat 13; and weld and fix the contact edges of the upper pressure-bearing seat 9 and the lower pressure-bearing seat 13; S18. Assemble pin 12 to complete the assembly of the fast response piezoelectric high-voltage sensor; Wrap the end of the lead wire in the groove at the top of the pin 12 to ensure that the lead wire and the pin 12 are reliably connected; then insert the pin 12 from bottom to top into the central through hole of the lower insulating seat 11, and the assembly of the fast response piezoelectric high-voltage sensor is completed.

[0025] Furthermore, the insulating tape, the insulating tube 6, the upper insulating seat 10 and the lower insulating seat 11 are all made of polytetrafluoroethylene; and the insulating colloid is made of epoxy resin curing glue.

[0026] The installation method of the fast response piezoelectric high-pressure sensor of the pulse wind tunnel of this embodiment is to install the fast response piezoelectric high-pressure sensor in the existing through hole of the pulse wind tunnel pipe wall, and match the dedicated metal sealing ring 14 and the clamping bolt 15, including the following steps: S21. Processing external thread; In such Fig.17a , Fig.17b The clamping bolt 15 shown is processed with an external thread matching the internal thread on the through hole of the pulse wind tunnel wall; S22. Install the metal sealing ring 14; Install the following on the step inside the through hole of the pulse wind tunnel wall: Fig.16a , Fig.16b The metal sealing ring 14 shown; S23. Install a fast-response piezoelectric high-voltage sensor; The diaphragm 1 of the fast response piezoelectric high-voltage sensor is placed toward the inner cavity of the pulse wind tunnel tube wall and inserted into the through hole of the pulse wind tunnel tube wall; S24. Fixed fast response piezoelectric high voltage sensor; like Fig.18 As shown, insert the clamping bolt 15 into the through hole of the pulse wind tunnel tube wall, tighten the clamping bolt 15, and squeeze the lower pressure seat 13 through the bottom of the clamping bolt to drive the fast response piezoelectric high-pressure sensor to compress the metal sealing ring 14 until the diaphragm 1 is flush with the inner cavity of the pulse wind tunnel tube wall, and the fast response piezoelectric high-pressure sensor is installed.

[0027] Furthermore, the material of the metal sealing ring 14 is H62 brass, and the material of the clamping bolt 15 is 17-4 stainless steel.

[0028] After the static calibration test of the first-class standard piston pressure gauge (refer to GB / T 15478-2015), the fast response piezoelectric high-pressure sensor of the pulse wind tunnel of this embodiment is obtained as follows Fig.14 The sensor working curve shown has a voltage sensitivity of 65~85mV / MPa in the pressure range of 0~60MPa and a non-linearity of ≤1%.

[0029] After a dynamic calibration test of a small calibration shock tube (refer to GB / T 15478-2015), the fast response piezoelectric high-pressure sensor of the pulse wind tunnel of this embodiment is obtained as follows Fig.15a , Fig.15b The time domain response curve of the sensor shown has a rise time of ≤2μs, which can quickly respond to step dynamic pressure and obtain sufficient time domain voltage (pressure) signal data within the effective test time.

[0030] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and implementation modes. For those familiar with the art, without departing from the principles of the present invention, all features disclosed in the present invention, or steps in all methods or processes disclosed, except for mutually exclusive features and / or steps, can be combined in any way. The present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. Fast response piezoelectric high-pressure sensor for pulse wind tunnel, characterized in that: The main body of the fast-response piezoelectric high-voltage sensor is an upper pressure-bearing seat (9) and a lower pressure-bearing seat (13) which are mounted in a set manner; the upper pressure-bearing seat (9) and the lower pressure-bearing seat (13) are matched and installed through the lower step of the upper pressure-bearing seat (9); an insulating tube (6), an upper insulating seat (10) and a lower insulating seat (11) are arranged in sequence from top to bottom on the central axis of the upper pressure-bearing seat (9) and the lower pressure-bearing seat (13); the insulating tube (6), the upper insulating seat (10) and the lower insulating seat (11) are provided with a central through hole which passes through the upper and lower parts; The insulating tube (6) extends upward from the upper insulating seat (10), and the height of the extension is the same as the thickness of the lower crystal plate (5); the lower crystal plate (5) is sleeved on the insulating tube (6); and the conductive plate (4), the upper crystal plate (3) and the force transmission block (2) are stacked in sequence from bottom to top above the lower crystal plate (5); The inner sleeve (7) is sequentially mounted on the outside of the force transmission block (2), the upper crystal plate (3), the conductive disk (4) and the lower crystal plate (5) from top to bottom, and the lower end of the inner sleeve (7) falls on the top step of the upper pressure-bearing seat (9); the outer sleeve (8) is mounted on the outside of the inner sleeve (7) from top to bottom, and the lower end surface of the outer sleeve (8) falls on the middle step of the upper pressure-bearing seat (9); the upper end surface of the outer sleeve (8) is inserted into the diaphragm (1), and the lower surface of the diaphragm (1) contacts the upper surface of the force transmission block (2); the pin (12) is inserted into the central through hole of the lower insulating seat (11) from bottom to top; A lead wire is welded on the conductive disk (4), and the lead wire is connected to the top of the pin (12) through the central through hole of the insulating tube (6), the upper insulating seat (10) and the lower insulating seat (11); the lead wire of the conductive disk (4) is fixed at the central through hole of the upper insulating seat (10) by an insulating colloid; The contact edges of each component are fixed by welding.

2. The fast response piezoelectric high-pressure sensor for a pulse wind tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diaphragm (1), the force transmission block (2), the conductive disk (4), the inner sleeve (7), the outer shell (8), the upper pressure-bearing seat (9) and the lower pressure-bearing seat (13) are all made of 17-4 stainless steel.

3. The fast response piezoelectric high-pressure sensor for a pulse wind tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper crystal plate (3) and the lower crystal plate (5) are both made of quartz piezoelectric crystal.

4. The fast response piezoelectric high pressure sensor for a pulse wind tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the lead wire is pure silver; the material of the pin (12) is H62 brass.

5. A method for assembling a fast-response piezoelectric high-voltage sensor for a pulse wind tunnel, which is used for the fast-response piezoelectric high-voltage sensor for a pulse wind tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The assembly method comprises the following steps: S11. Welding the conductive plate (4) leads; Adjusting the process parameters of the laser welding machine, and using the laser welding machine to weld the lead wire to the center position of the lower surface of the conductive disk (4); S12. Assemble the upper pressure bearing seat (9) and the lower pressure bearing seat (13); Insert a section of insulating tube (6) from top to bottom into the inner hole at the top of the upper pressure bearing seat (9), the insulating tube (6) extending out of the inner hole at the top, the extending height being the same as the thickness of the lower crystal sheet (5); An upper insulating seat (10) is inserted from bottom to top into the inner hole at the bottom of the upper pressure-bearing seat (9), and the lower end surface of the insulating tube (6) is connected to the upper end surface of the upper insulating seat (10); The lower insulating seat (11) is installed in the inner hole of the lower pressure-bearing seat (13), so that the upper end surface of the lower insulating seat (11) is connected to the lower end surface of the upper insulating seat (10), and the lower end surface of the lower insulating seat (11) is flush with the lower end surface of the lower pressure-bearing seat (13), thereby ensuring that the central through holes inside the upper pressure-bearing seat (9) and the lower pressure-bearing seat (13) are electrically insulated from the adjacent crystal or metal; S13. Assembling the conductive disk (4) and the lower crystal plate (5); The lower crystal plate (5) is placed on the upper end of the insulating tube (6) through the center hole; The conductive plate (4) is placed above the lower crystal plate (5), and the lead wire welded on the conductive plate (4) passes through the central through hole inside the insulating tube (6), the upper pressure bearing seat (9) and the lower pressure bearing seat (13); Fill the central through hole of the upper insulating seat (10) with insulating colloid, heat and allow to solidify, and then fix the lead wire in the central through hole of the upper insulating seat (10) to prevent the lead wire from falling off the conductive disk (4) during subsequent assembly; S14. Assembling the force transmission block (2) and the upper crystal sheet (3); Install the upper crystal plate (3) and the force transmission block (2) on the conductive plate (4) in sequence, and ensure that all the assembled parts are aligned with the central axis, and then use insulating tape to wrap the upper crystal plate (3), the conductive plate (4) and the lower crystal plate (5) tightly; S15. Assembling the inner sleeve (7); The inner sleeve (7) is sequentially sleeved over the force transmission block (2), the upper crystal plate (3), the conductive disk (4) and the lower crystal plate (5) from top to bottom; the lower end of the inner sleeve (7) falls on the top step of the upper pressure-bearing seat (9), and the upper end surface of the inner sleeve (7) is flush with the upper end surface of the force transmission block (2); the upper edge of the inner sleeve (7) is welded and fixed to the upper end surface of the force transmission block (2) by a laser welding machine, and the lower edge of the inner sleeve (7) is welded and fixed to the top step of the upper pressure-bearing seat (9), thereby completing the packaging; S16. Assemble the housing (8); The outer surface of the inner sleeve (7) is polished and smoothed, and the outer sleeve (8) is sleeved on the outer surface of the inner sleeve (7) from top to bottom, so that the lower end surface of the outer sleeve (8) falls on the middle step of the upper pressure bearing seat (9); The diaphragm (1) is inserted into the upper end surface of the housing (8) so that the lower surface of the diaphragm (1) contacts the upper surface of the force transmission block (2); a laser welding machine is used to weld and fix the lower edge of the housing (8) to the upper pressure bearing seat (9) and the diaphragm (1) to the upper edge of the housing (8) to complete the packaging; S17. Assemble the upper pressure bearing seat (9) and the lower pressure bearing seat (13); Assemble the lower pressure-bearing seat (13) to which the lower insulating seat (11) has been assembled with the upper pressure-bearing seat (9) through the lower step of the upper pressure-bearing seat (9); pass the lead wire through the central through hole of the lower pressure-bearing seat (13); and weld and fix the contact edges of the upper pressure-bearing seat (9) and the lower pressure-bearing seat (13); S18. Assemble the pin (12) to complete the assembly of the fast response piezoelectric high-voltage sensor; The end of the lead wire is wrapped around the groove at the top of the pin (12) to ensure that the lead wire and the pin (12) are reliably connected; the pin (12) is then inserted from bottom to top into the central through hole of the lower insulating seat (11), and the assembly of the fast response piezoelectric high-voltage sensor is completed.

6. The method for assembling the fast response piezoelectric high pressure sensor for the pulse wind tunnel according to claim 5, characterized in that: The insulating tape, the insulating tube (6), the upper insulating seat (10) and the lower insulating seat (11) are all made of polytetrafluoroethylene; the insulating colloid is made of epoxy resin curing glue.

7. A method for installing a fast-response piezoelectric high-voltage sensor for a pulse wind tunnel, which is used for the fast-response piezoelectric high-voltage sensor for a pulse wind tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The installation method comprises installing a fast-response piezoelectric high-pressure sensor in an existing through hole of a pulse wind tunnel pipe wall and matching a dedicated metal sealing ring (14) and a clamping bolt (15), and comprises the following steps: S21. Processing external thread; An external thread matching the internal thread on the through hole on the wall of the pulse wind tunnel is machined on the clamping bolt (15); S22. Install the metal sealing ring (14); Installing a metal sealing ring (14) on the step in the through hole of the pulse wind tunnel wall; S23. Install a fast-response piezoelectric high-voltage sensor; The diaphragm (1) of the fast response piezoelectric high-pressure sensor is placed toward the inner cavity of the pulse wind tunnel tube wall and inserted into the through hole of the pulse wind tunnel tube wall; S24. Fixed fast response piezoelectric high voltage sensor; Insert the clamping bolt (15) into the through hole of the pulse wind tunnel tube wall, tighten the clamping bolt (15), and drive the fast response piezoelectric high-pressure sensor to compress the metal sealing ring (14) by squeezing the lower pressure seat (13) through the bottom of the clamping bolt until the diaphragm (1) is flush with the inner cavity of the pulse wind tunnel tube wall, and the installation of the fast response piezoelectric high-pressure sensor is completed.

8. The method for installing a fast-response piezoelectric high-pressure sensor for a pulse wind tunnel according to claim 7, characterized in that: The material of the metal sealing ring (14) is H62 brass, and the material of the clamping bolt (15) is 17-4 stainless steel.

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