Distributed efficient three-phase separation equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to distributed high-efficiency three-phase separation equipment which is used for treating industrial and domestic wastewater and kitchen waste, and is particularly suitable for a mixed medium containing grease, particulate matters and a water phase. The equipment comprises a pre-separation unit and a gravity separation unit, a medium is homogenized and decomposed through mechanical stirring and biological reaction technologies, and efficient separation is achieved through gravity separation. The pre-separation unit adopts microorganisms and mechanical stirring to help homogenize a medium and decompose the medium, and the gravity separation unit further utilizes a low-carbon technology to settle a particle-containing solution and separate grease and supernate, so that the quality of the oil, the supernate and bottom slag is improved respectively. The equipment is simple in structure, low in operation cost and convenient to maintain, is successfully applied to a kitchen waste treatment plant, and improves the treatment efficiency. The equipment is provided with an automatic control system, operation parameters are monitored and adjusted in real time, it is ensured that the separation effect is stable, and all resources are recycled and used.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of machinery, and relates to a distributed high-efficiency three-phase separation device, especially a three-phase separation device for oil, water and slag, and particularly to a vertical cylinder sedimentation type three-phase separation device, and specifically to a device for efficiently separating grease, particulate matter and water phase in a medium. The device is suitable for multiple fields such as industry, agriculture, urban sewage treatment, food processing, etc., and is particularly suitable for high-concentration sewage, and belongs to the field of environmental protection and resource recycling. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, sewage discharge is increasing, including industrial and domestic sewage. The separation of grease, solid impurities and water in wastewater treatment is becoming increasingly prominent. In the food processing, petrochemical, metal processing, pharmaceutical and other industries, wastewater usually contains a large amount of grease, suspended solids and other impurities. These high-concentration sewage is not only difficult to treat, but also will cause serious pollution to the environment if it is discharged directly without treatment, and will also affect the normal operation of sewage treatment facilities.

[0003] There are many different types of oil-water separators on the market today, which can be used in kitchens, restaurants, grease traps, wastewater and other application scenarios. At present, different technologies can be used to achieve three-phase separation, such as centrifugal separation, physical separation, sedimentation separation, etc. Centrifugal separation uses the centrifugal force generated by high-speed rotation to separate substances of different densities, making it easy for suspended matter in the solution to precipitate, thereby achieving separation. Although this technology has a short operation time, the disadvantage of centrifugal separation is that the equipment cost and operating cost are high. The power used when rotating at high speed is relatively large, and the control of operating conditions needs to be very precise. Temperature and speed will have a great impact on the separation effect. Physical separation is a combination of multiple physical methods such as impurity removal, demulsification, adsorption, and gravity technology. The upper layer collects oil and the lower layer collects water. The process steps are cumbersome and the space occupied is also large. In order to solve the power consumption and space problems, we chose sedimentation separation technology. This low-carbon method is suitable for the general direction of carbon reduction in today's society. With the integrated cylinder design, it simplifies operation and maintenance, and the space occupied is greatly reduced. It is suitable for various industrial and domestic sewage and kitchen waste treatment scenarios.

[0004] These existing separation equipments still have deficiencies in many aspects and cannot meet the needs of modern industrial and domestic sewage treatment. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to develop an efficient, stable and easy-to-maintain oil-water-slag three-phase separation equipment. Sedimentation separation is the simplest and least power-consuming method. It uses density difference and time to separate layers, so that the lighter oil floats to the highest layer. In addition, the suspended matter is heavier than water, so the suspended matter sinks to the lowest layer. The treatment process is not cumbersome. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems in the above-mentioned background technology, the present invention provides a distributed and efficient three-phase separation device, which utilizes gravity separation technology to efficiently separate oil, particulate matter and water phase in the medium, and has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and low maintenance cost.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a distributed and efficient three-phase separation device to separate oil, water and residue. The cylinder has two layers; the bottom layer is a pre-separation unit, equipped with a stirring paddle to homogenize and further decompose the liquid, and the general residence time is 2-6 days, after which it will overflow to the upper layer. The upper layer is a gravity separation unit, and the general residence time is 1-4 days.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] 1. Equipment composition

[0009] The oil-water-slag three-phase separation equipment of the present invention mainly comprises a pre-separation unit and a gravity separation unit; the discharge port of the pre-separation unit is connected with the feed port of the gravity separation unit; the pre-separation unit is provided with a feed port, a pH detection hole, a temperature detection hole, a sampling port, a stirring paddle, a manhole, a sand discharge port and a discharge port; the gravity separation unit is provided with an inclined plate, a mud scraper, a water-isolating trough, an M-shaped baffle, a feed port, an oil discharge port, a slag discharge port, a water outlet and a manhole. The stirring paddle is provided with a motor; the mud scraper is provided with a motor. The feed port of the pre-separation unit is provided with a feed valve, and the oil discharge port and the slag discharge port of the gravity separation unit are provided with a discharge valve. The flow rate of the slurry medium entering the pre-separation unit is controlled by the feed valve, and the discharge port controls the discharge time and discharge amount of oil and slag. By controlling the feed valve and the discharge valve, the residence time of the slurry, grease, particulate matter and water phase in the system is controlled, and then the entire system is upgraded to full automation.

[0010] The pre-separation unit uses mechanical stirring and biological reaction to homogenize and degrade the liquid, making the slurry easier to separate in the subsequent process; the gravity separation unit is used to separate oil, solid particles and separate the water phase in the form of supernatant.

[0011] 2. Working Principle

[0012] The medium will first be pumped to the pre-separation unit, where it will be homogenized and decomposed through mechanical stirring and biological reaction, and then overflow to the gravity separation unit for further separation. The waste oil will float on the upper layer of the medium, and the slag at the bottom will be scraped and pushed to the slag outlet.

[0013] Pre-separation unit: The pre-separation unit is set at the lower layer of the gravity separation unit. It uses mechanical stirring and biological reaction technology to homogenize the medium and further decompose it. The stirring paddle is driven by a motor to stir the medium, mix it with the microorganisms, and prevent the solid particles from settling. Because of the biological reaction involved, its acidity will change over time, so it is necessary to monitor the acidity change with a pH meter, so that the decomposition process can be monitored to adjust the activity of the microorganisms. During the decomposition of the pre-separation unit, the pH of the medium needs to be maintained between 3 and 7. The sampling port is used to take samples to analyze the composition of the medium. The medium will flow in continuously from the feed port at the bottom and stay there for 2 to 6 days. During this period, it is stirred to prevent precipitation from occurring. The purpose is to make the medium homogenized. The top of this unit is a hollow design. When the bottom continues to flow into the medium, the top will automatically overflow the decomposed medium. A manhole is configured for equipment maintenance and cleaning. In addition, due to the strong sealing of the equipment, odor leakage is prevented.

[0014] Gravity separation unit: The gravity separation unit is composed of multiple separation components, including: a small motor for driving a mud scraper; an inclined plate and an M-type baffle to make the sedimentation of the sludge more efficient; and a water separator to separate water and oil. Through the action of gravity, the grease in the medium floats up and the solid particles sink, thereby achieving efficient separation of grease, solid particles and water phase. The inclined plate is set at the bottom of the pre-separation unit to guide the precipitated solid particles to move toward the slag outlet. The mud scraper is driven by a motor to scrape the precipitated solid particles to the slag outlet. The oil separator is located at the top of the separation unit, and the density difference between oil and water is used to make the grease float to the water surface and flow into the oil outlet through the overflow weir. The M-type baffle is used to prevent solid particles from flowing out with water, thereby improving the efficiency of water-slag separation.

[0015] Discharge system: The separated oil is discharged regularly through a dedicated pipeline, the solid particles are collected at the bottom of the slag trough and cleaned regularly, and the liquid in the middle layer naturally overflows through the outlet after the medium settles.

[0016] Automatic control system: The equipment is equipped with an automatic control system, which monitors the separation effect in real time through sensors, calculates the discharge time and automatically adjusts it, and automatically adjusts the operating parameters of each unit as needed to ensure the efficient operation of the equipment and reduce manpower and operating costs. For example: the pH value of the pre-separation unit is monitored through a pH sensor, the amount of raw material reagents added is controlled, and the activity of microorganisms is adjusted. The operating time and frequency of the scraper are also controlled by the program.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] Efficient separation: Combining pre-separation and gravity separation technology to achieve efficient separation of oil, solid particles and water phase.

[0019] Convenient operation: The equipment has a simple structure and is easy to operate, suitable for various industrial and domestic sewage treatment scenarios. The equipment operates automatically, does not require additional labor, and reduces maintenance and operating costs.

[0020] Low maintenance cost: The equipment is reasonably designed and equipped with multiple maintenance ports, which is easy to clean and maintain, reducing downtime for maintenance and lowering operating costs.

[0021] Environmental protection and energy saving: The quality of treated water can be greatly improved to meet the requirements of subsequent treatment, reduce the overall treatment cost, and realize the recycling of resources.

[0022] In summary, the distributed high-efficiency three-phase separation equipment provided by the present invention solves the problems existing in the prior art and has significant social and economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The following drawings are only intended to illustrate and explain the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0025] Description of main component numbers:

[0026] 1. Pre-separation unit;

[0027] 11. Feed inlet;

[0028] 12. pH detection hole;

[0029] 13. Sampling port;

[0030] 14. Stirring paddle;

[0031] 15. Manhole;

[0032] 16. Sand discharge outlet;

[0033] 17. Discharge port;

[0034] 18. Stirring paddle motor;

[0035] 2. Gravity separation unit;

[0036] 21. Inclined plate;

[0037] 22. Mud scraping;

[0038] 23. Water trap;

[0039] 24. M-type baffle;

[0040] 25. Feed inlet;

[0041] 26. Oil drain port;

[0042] 27. Slag outlet;

[0043] 28. Water outlet;

[0044] 29. Manhole;

[0045] 30. Mud scraper motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention are now described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a distributed and efficient three-phase separation device for separating the medium. Equipment composition: The distributed and efficient three-phase separation device of the present invention mainly includes a pre-separation unit and a gravity separation unit. The pre-separation unit is provided with a feed port, a pH detection hole, a sampling port, a manhole, a sand discharge port and a discharge port. The gravity separation unit is provided with an inclined plate, a mud scraper, a water-isolating trough, an M-shaped baffle, a feed port, an oil discharge port, a slag discharge port, a water outlet and a manhole. The pre-separation unit uses mechanical stirring and biological reaction technology to homogenize and decompose the liquid, making the liquid easier to separate later; the gravity separation unit is used to separate grease, water phase and solid impurities.

[0048] Embodiment 1:

[0049] Equipment structure and configuration, the oil, water, slag three-phase separation equipment of the present invention is mainly composed of the following parts:

[0050] Pre-separation unit 1: The pre-separation unit 1 is arranged under the gravity separation unit 2, and includes a feed port 11, a pH detection hole 12, a sampling port 13, a stirring paddle 14, a manhole 15, a sand discharge port 16 and a discharge port 17. The stirring paddle 14 is provided with a stirring paddle motor 18. The medium is first physically stirred by the stirring paddle 14 to fuse the medium and the strains in the tank. By controlling the pH and temperature, the organic matter in the medium can be accelerated to decompose and decompose into smaller molecular structures more quickly. After an appropriate residence time, the medium will overflow the pre-separation unit 1 and flow into the gravity separation unit 2. Larger solid particles are removed by gravity sedimentation, and oil and water are further separated.

[0051] Discharge port 17: The discharge port 17 is connected to the medium source and communicates with the feed port 11 through the through pre-separation unit 1. The pump of the feed port 11 is equipped with a flow regulating device to control the flow of the medium entering the device to achieve the required residence time later.

[0052] Gravity separation unit 2: Gravity separation unit 2 is the core part, including an inclined plate 21, a mud scraper 22, a water isolation trough 23, an M-shaped baffle 24, a feed port 25, an oil discharge port 26, a slag discharge port 27, a water outlet 28 and a manhole 29.

[0053] Feed inlet 25: The feed inlet 25 is the discharge port 17 of the pre-separation unit. The discharge port 17 of the pre-separation unit 1 and the feed inlet 25 of the gravity separation unit 2 are directly connected to each other.

[0054] Inclined plate 21: After the medium enters the gravity separation unit 2, the heavier solid particles settle to the bottom under the action of gravity to form sludge. An inclined plate 21 is arranged at the bottom of the gravity separation unit 2 to increase the settling area and allow the lighter solid particles to settle further.

[0055] Mud scraper 22: Mud scraper 22 is provided with a mud scraper motor 30. Before discharging the mud residue, the mud scraper will start running for a period of time in advance, so that the mud originally adhered to the inclined plate of the equipment can be scraped off to the bottom, making it easier to discharge the mud residue.

[0056] Water separator 23 and M-shaped baffle 24: There is an inner wall plate inside the cylinder body to separate the medium and the supernatant that has been decomposed and precipitated, namely, water separator 23. The inner wall of water separator 23 is directly connected to the feed port of gravity separation unit 2. All the medium that has passed through pre-separation unit 1 will be put into the inner wall of gravity separation unit 2. After decomposition and precipitation, water will flow out from the bottom of the inner wall plate to the outside of the inner wall plate. The external M-shaped baffle 24 further separates water and slag.

[0057] Oil discharge port 26: The oil discharge port 26 is set at a lower position of the cylinder body. It needs to match the characteristics of floating oil. The height of the oil receiving port can be freely adjusted, even if the oil-water ratio is different, it can be perfectly matched. Due to the low density of grease, it floats to the water surface and is automatically discharged through the overflow device.

[0058] Slag outlet 27: The slag outlet 27 is coordinated with the operation time of the mud scraper 22 to allow the settled slag to be automatically discharged.

[0059] Water outlet 28: The water outlet 28 is higher than the oil outlet 26 and is connected to the outside of the water trap. The supernatant will be automatically discharged over time.

[0060] Manhole 29: It is arranged at the top of the cylinder body and can be used for visually monitoring the separation situation and used as a maintenance port.

[0061] Discharge system: The separated grease is discharged through a dedicated pipeline via the oil discharge port 26, the solid particles are collected in the slag collection tank and cleaned regularly, and the supernatant formed after treatment is discharged through the water outlet 28. The water outlet 28 is equipped with a flow valve to ensure the stable discharge of the treated supernatant.

[0062] Automatic control system: The equipment is equipped with an automatic control system, including a flow meter and temperature sensor at the front end of the equipment, and a pH probe on the equipment. The control system monitors various parameters in the separation process in real time, and automatically adjusts the equipment operating status and speed according to the nature of the treated sewage to ensure stable separation effect.

[0063] Embodiment 2:

[0064] After the pre-decomposition process in a certain food waste treatment device, food waste slurry will be produced, and the food waste slurry will be connected to this three-phase separation device, and its processing flow is as follows. The food waste slurry containing rich nutrients will first be subjected to ultrasound to break the wall of the food waste slurry so that the subsequent process can be more easily decomposed into finer molecules. Then it enters the feed port 11 of its three-phase separation device, and the mechanical stirring and microbial technology of the pre-separation unit 1 in the lower layer make it easier to separate the grease, water-soluble carbohydrates (supernatant) and protein-rich solids (bottom residue) in the food waste by using low-carbon sedimentation technology in the gravity separation unit 2 in the next part. In the application of food waste treatment, this three-phase separation equipment greatly improves the effect of subsequent food waste decomposition and anaerobic gas production. Generally, food waste treatment is handled by anaerobic digestion technology, but its disadvantage is that it occupies a large area and has a long residence time, which takes about thirty days; and the purity of the biogas produced is low, generally up to 60%. If the three-phase separation equipment is used as a pretreatment and the separated supernatant is then subjected to anaerobic fermentation, the residence time of subsequent anaerobic digestion can be greatly reduced to 7 days, and the purity of biogas can be increased to 80%.

Claims

1. A distributed high-efficiency three-phase separation device for separating grease, particulate matter and water phase in a medium, characterized in that: include: A pre-separation unit and a gravity separation unit, wherein the pre-separation unit comprises a feed port, a pH detection hole, a sampling port, a stirring paddle, a manhole, a sand discharge port and a discharge port; The gravity separation unit includes an inclined plate, a mud scraper, a water isolation trough, an M-shaped baffle, a feed port, an oil discharge port, a slag discharge port, a water outlet and a manhole; the discharge port of the pre-separation unit is connected to the feed port of the gravity separation unit; the stirring paddle and the mud scraper are respectively provided with motors.

2. The distributed high-efficiency three-phase separation equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The feed inlet of the pre-separation unit is provided with a feed valve, and the oil discharge port and the slag discharge port of the gravity separation unit are provided with discharge valves.

3. The distributed high-efficiency three-phase separation equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pre-separation unit uses mechanical stirring and biological reaction to homogenize and decompose the liquid; the gravity separation unit is used to separate grease, supernatant and particle-containing solution.

4. The distributed high-efficiency three-phase separation equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pre-separation unit has a feed inlet at the bottom and an overflow outlet at the top. The feed inlet continuously flows into the medium, and the overflow outlet automatically overflows the medium.

5. The distributed high-efficiency three-phase separation equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The gravity separation unit includes multiple separation components, which include an inclined plate, a mud scraper, a water barrier and an M-shaped baffle. The inclined plate is located at the lower part of the gravity separation unit, the mud scraper is located above the inclined plate, the water barrier and the M-shaped baffle are located at the upper part of the gravity separation unit, and the M-shaped baffle is located outside the water barrier.

6. The distributed high-efficiency three-phase separation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The equipment is equipped with an automatic control system, which monitors the separation effect in real time through sensors and automatically adjusts the operating parameters of each unit.

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