High-strength and wear-resistant titanium alloy composite material as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of material science and engineering, and particularly relates to a high-strength and wear-resistant titanium alloy composite material, a preparation method and application, and the preparation method of the high-strength and wear-resistant titanium alloy composite material comprises the following steps that S1, titanium alloy powder, ceramic particles, fibers and nanosheets are mixed according to a preset proportion to obtain mixed powder, and the mixed powder is mixed with the ceramic particles, the fibers and the nanosheets; pressing and forming the mixed powder material; s2, the pressed and formed material obtained in the step S1 is subjected to high-temperature sintering, hot isostatic pressing treatment and heat treatment, and the titanium alloy composite multi-dimensional and multi-scale reinforced composite material is obtained; according to the preparation method, the comprehensive performance of the material is greatly improved through the multi-dimensional synergistic effect of the reinforced phase. Due to the simple and efficient preparation process, the method has good feasibility in industrial production, and meanwhile, the method has a wide application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of material science and engineering, and specifically relates to a high-strength, wear-resistant titanium alloy composite material, a preparation method and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Titanium alloy materials are widely used in high-tech fields such as aerospace, automotive industry, medical equipment and energy equipment due to their high specific strength, good corrosion resistance and excellent biocompatibility. However, with the development of industrial technology, the mechanical properties of traditional titanium alloys under extreme conditions (such as high temperature, high load, strong friction, etc.) are insufficient. Titanium alloys are prone to creep and wear in high temperature and high stress environments, resulting in a shortened service life.

[0003] In order to overcome the above technical difficulties, a series of enhanced titanium alloy composite materials have been developed in recent years, in which the mechanical properties are improved by introducing reinforcing phase materials (such as particles, fibers or nanostructures) into the titanium alloy matrix. Although the traditional single reinforcing particles can improve the hardness and wear resistance of titanium alloys, their comprehensive performance in complex stress environments is still limited. To this end, the present invention proposes a titanium alloy composite material, which significantly improves the overall mechanical properties, thermal stability and creep resistance of the material by introducing reinforcing phase materials such as multi-dimensional and multi-scale particles, fibers, nanosheets, etc. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for preparing a high-strength, wear-resistant titanium alloy composite material, comprising the following steps:

[0005] S1: mixing titanium alloy powder with ceramic particles, fibers, and nanosheets in a predetermined ratio to obtain a mixed powder, and pressing the mixed powder material into a shape;

[0006] S2: The pressed material obtained in S1 is subjected to high temperature sintering, hot isostatic pressing, and heat treatment to obtain a high-strength, wear-resistant titanium alloy composite material.

[0007] Furthermore, the ceramic particles described in S1 are any one of silicon carbide, boron nitride, aluminum oxide or zirconium oxide, the fibers are any one of carbon fibers, aluminum silicate fibers, and silicon carbide fibers, and the nanosheets are any one of graphene, boron nitride nanosheets, and molybdenum disulfide nanosheets.

[0008] Furthermore, the weight ratio of the titanium alloy powder to the ceramic particles, fibers, and nanosheets described in S1 is 65-92:5-20:2-10:1-5.

[0009] Furthermore, the particle size of the ceramic particles described in S1 is 0.1 microns to 10 microns, the volume fraction of the ceramic particles is 5% to 20%, the diameter of the fiber is 1 to 10 microns, the length is 100 microns to 300 microns, the volume fraction of the fiber is 2% to 10%, the thickness of the nanosheet is 1-5 nanometers, and the addition amount is 1% to 5%.

[0010] Furthermore, the mixing process in S1 is any one of mechanical stirring, ultrasonic dispersion, and ball milling.

[0011] Furthermore, the pressing molding described in S1 is any one of cold pressing, hot pressing and isostatic pressing.

[0012] Furthermore, the high temperature sintering temperature in S2 is 1200°C to 1500°C.

[0013] Furthermore, the heat treatment in S2 is any one of quenching, annealing and aging treatment.

[0014] A high-strength, wear-resistant titanium alloy composite material.

[0015] The invention discloses an application of a high-strength, wear-resistant titanium alloy composite material, wherein the titanium alloy composite material is used in the preparation of aviation engines, high-temperature turbine blades, engine parts, exhaust systems and brake parts.

[0016] Beneficial Effects

[0017] (1) The titanium alloy composite multi-dimensional and multi-scale reinforced composite material provided by the present invention significantly improves the hardness, wear resistance and tensile strength of the composite material through the synergistic effect of the multi-dimensional and multi-scale reinforcing phase, while maintaining good ductility and toughness. The introduction of nanosheets and ceramic particles significantly improves the mechanical properties and creep resistance of the material in a high temperature environment, making it suitable for applications under extreme working conditions. The composite material is suitable for aerospace, automotive industry, energy equipment and other fields, and is particularly suitable for high temperature, high pressure and strong friction application scenarios.

[0018] (2) Through the application of a titanium alloy composite multi-dimensional and multi-scale reinforced composite material provided by the present invention, the present invention can be used to manufacture components such as aircraft engines and high-temperature turbine blades. It has excellent high temperature resistance and fatigue resistance, and is suitable for manufacturing engine components, exhaust systems and brake components to improve vehicle performance and service life. It can also be used for high-temperature and high-pressure components in nuclear power plants and oil drilling equipment to enhance the durability and stability of the equipment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with embodiments 1 to 3 of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solution of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a high-strength, wear-resistant titanium alloy composite material. First, a multi-scale, multi-dimensional reinforcement phase (including particles, fibers and nanosheets) is prepared, and the reinforcement phase material should have good purity and size uniformity. Then, by mixing the titanium alloy powder with the multi-dimensional and multi-scale reinforcement material, mechanical stirring, ultrasonic dispersion or ball milling method is adopted to ensure that the different reinforcement phase materials are evenly distributed in the matrix; the mixed powder material is obtained, and it is pressed and formed by cold pressing, hot pressing or isostatic pressing; the pressed material is sintered at high temperature in a vacuum or inert atmosphere to ensure the close combination between the matrix material and the reinforcement phase. Subsequently, hot isostatic pressing (HIP) treatment is carried out to further improve the density and mechanical properties of the material; finally, heat treatment (such as quenching, annealing or aging treatment) is performed to optimize its microstructure. By controlling the heat treatment process, the hardness, creep resistance and toughness of the material can be further improved.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] S1: Ti-6Al-4V is used as a titanium alloy matrix, 0.2 μm silicon carbide (SiC), carbon fiber with a diameter of 5 μm and a length of 100 μm, and graphene with a thickness of 2 nm and a lateral size of 2 μm are added, and mechanical stirring and mixing are performed to obtain a mixed powder material, which is then pressed and formed by cold pressing;

[0023] S2: The pressed material obtained in S1 is subjected to high-temperature sintering in a vacuum or inert atmosphere at a sintering temperature of 1300°C, followed by hot isostatic pressing (HIP) treatment, and then quenching to optimize its microstructure; by controlling the heat treatment process, the hardness, creep resistance and toughness of the material can be further improved to obtain a high-strength, wear-resistant titanium alloy composite material.

[0024] Example 2

[0025] S1: Ti-6Al-4V is used as a titanium alloy matrix, 10 μm silicon carbide (SiC), carbon fiber with a diameter of 5 μm and a length of 200 μm, and graphene with a thickness of 3 nm and a lateral size of 3 μm are added, and mechanical stirring and mixing are performed to obtain a mixed powder material, which is then pressed and formed by cold pressing;

[0026] S2: The pressed material obtained in S1 is subjected to high-temperature sintering in a vacuum or inert atmosphere at a sintering temperature of 1500°C, followed by hot isostatic pressing (HIP) treatment, and then quenching to optimize its microstructure; by controlling the heat treatment process, the hardness, creep resistance and toughness of the material can be further improved to obtain a high-strength, wear-resistant titanium alloy composite material.

[0027] Example 3

[0028] S1: Ti-6Al-4V is used as a titanium alloy matrix, 5 μm silicon carbide (SiC), carbon fiber with a diameter of 5 μm and a length of 300 μm, and graphene with a thickness of 3 nm and a lateral size of 4 μm are added, and mechanical stirring and mixing are performed to obtain a mixed powder material, which is then pressed and formed by cold pressing;

[0029] S2: The pressed material obtained in S1 is subjected to high temperature sintering in a vacuum or inert atmosphere at a sintering temperature of 1200°C, followed by hot isostatic pressing (HIP) treatment, and then quenching to optimize its microstructure; by controlling the heat treatment process, the hardness, creep resistance and toughness of the material can be further improved to obtain a high-strength, wear-resistant titanium alloy composite material.

[0030] For the product obtained in the embodiment, firstly, microstructure analysis is carried out, and the microstructure of the composite material is analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM), and the distribution uniformity and interface bonding strength of the multidimensional multi-scale reinforcement phase in the matrix are confirmed. The ideal microstructure should be a uniformly distributed reinforcement phase material, and there is no obvious pore or interface crack. Then mechanical property test is carried out, and the material is subjected to mechanical property tests such as tension, compression, bending, hardness, etc., to evaluate the strength, toughness and wear resistance of the material. The introduction of multi-scale reinforcement phase should significantly improve the comprehensive mechanical properties of the composite material. High temperature performance test is carried out, and the stability and creep resistance of the material under high temperature environment are evaluated by tests such as high temperature stretching and high temperature creep. The addition of nanosheets helps to significantly improve the mechanical properties and stability of the material at high temperature. And wear resistance test, the wear resistance of the material is evaluated by friction and wear test. The introduction of multidimensional reinforcement phase (especially ceramic particles) should effectively improve the wear resistance of the material and extend the service life of the material.

[0031] The present invention adds ceramic particles, fibers and nanosheets, wherein the ceramic particles increase the dislocation density of the titanium alloy matrix, effectively hindering crack propagation and slip, thereby improving the hardness and wear resistance of the material; the introduction of fibers significantly improves the tensile strength and fracture toughness of the material by bridging cracks and increasing stress transfer paths; the two-dimensional nanosheet structure improves the creep resistance of the material by hindering grain boundary slip and dislocation movement, and exhibits excellent thermal stability, especially in high temperature environments.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a high-strength, wear-resistant titanium alloy composite material, characterized in that: The following steps are included. S1: mixing titanium alloy powder with ceramic particles, fibers, and nanosheets to obtain a mixed powder, and pressing the mixed powder material into a shape; S2: The pressed material obtained in S1 is subjected to high temperature sintering, hot isostatic pressing, and heat treatment to obtain a high-strength, wear-resistant titanium alloy composite material.

2. The method for preparing a high-strength, wear-resistant titanium alloy composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ceramic particles described in S1 are any one of silicon carbide, boron nitride, aluminum oxide or zirconium oxide, the fibers are any one of carbon fibers, aluminum silicate fibers and silicon carbide fibers, and the nanosheets are any one of graphene, boron nitride nanosheets and molybdenum disulfide nanosheets.

3. The method for preparing a high-strength, wear-resistant titanium alloy composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weight ratio of the titanium alloy powder to the ceramic particles, fibers, and nanosheets described in S1 is 65-92:5-20:2-10:1-5.

4. The method for preparing a high-strength, wear-resistant titanium alloy composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the ceramic particles described in S1 is 0.1 micron to 10 microns, the volume fraction of the ceramic particles is 5% to 20%, the diameter of the fiber is 1 to 10 microns, the length is 100 microns to 300 microns, the volume fraction of the fiber is 2% to 10%, the thickness of the nanosheet is 1-5 nanometers, and the addition amount is 1% to 5%.

5. The method for preparing a high-strength, wear-resistant titanium alloy composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixing process in S1 is any one of mechanical stirring, ultrasonic dispersion, and ball milling.

6. The method for preparing a high-strength, wear-resistant titanium alloy composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The press molding described in S1 may be any of cold pressing, hot pressing and isostatic pressing.

7. The method for preparing a high-strength, wear-resistant titanium alloy composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature of the high temperature sintering in S2 is 1200°C to 1500°C.

8. The method for preparing a high-strength, wear-resistant titanium alloy composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat treatment in S2 is any one of quenching, annealing, and aging treatment.

9. A high-strength, wear-resistant titanium alloy composite material obtained according to the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The use of a high-strength, wear-resistant titanium alloy composite material according to claim 9, characterized in that: The titanium alloy composite material is used in the preparation of aviation engines, high-temperature turbine blades, engine parts, exhaust systems and brake parts.