Inverter type selection method of photovoltaic power generation system and related products

Abstract

The invention provides an inverter type selection method of a photovoltaic power generation system and a related product. The inverter type selection method of the photovoltaic power generation system comprises the following steps: acquiring a photovoltaic design scheme of the photovoltaic power generation system; determining electrical parameters of three groups of different types of inverters according to the electrical parameters, wherein the three groups of different types of inverters comprise a string type inverter, a centralized inverter and a micro inverter; determining the mechanical performance requirements of the three groups of different types of inverters according to the installation mode; selecting matched alternative equipment models of three different types of inverters from an inverter model selection library according to the electrical parameters and the mechanical performance requirements; generating three groups of alternative inverter type selection schemes according to the selected alternative equipment types of the three different types of inverters; and selecting a target inverter from the three groups of alternative inverter type selection schemes. The scheme provided by the invention is wide in application scene, and suitable inverter schemes can be provided for various photovoltaic design schemes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of photovoltaic design, and in particular to a method for selecting an inverter for a photovoltaic power generation system. Background Art

[0002] As a new type of clean energy, the photovoltaic industry has been supported and developed by countries around the world due to its clean and renewable characteristics. The photovoltaic industry has also become an emerging industry with national strategic significance in China. Distributed photovoltaic power generation has also become an important part of the photovoltaic industry due to its advantages of adapting to local conditions, power generation and grid connection nearby, and low transmission loss. For residents, especially rural residents with more abundant land and space resources, the combination of household distributed photovoltaic power generation and household energy storage is more advantageous.

[0003] Photovoltaic power generation systems use photovoltaic modules to convert solar radiation into photoelectricity, realizing the conversion of solar energy into electrical energy. However, since the converted current is direct current, and electricity users usually use alternating current, an inverter is required in photovoltaic power generation systems. The inverter converts direct current into alternating current that meets transmission requirements, and plays an extremely important role in photovoltaic power generation systems.

[0004] At present, there are three main types of inverters commonly used in photovoltaic power generation systems: string inverter, centralized inverter, and micro inverter. String inverter has the advantages of small size, small footprint, and easy installation. It can not only connect a single string to the system, but also connect multiple inverters to different MPPT (Maximum power point tracking) channels, so that it can output maximum power. When the light is weak, the inverter effect is best. The capacity of a single string inverter is low, so a large number of them are required when used, which increases the cost. The centralized inverter has the advantages of low cost, strong heat dissipation effect and high sealing degree, but because it cannot track the actual maximum power point, when it fails, it will seriously affect the power generation capacity. At the same time, the centralized inverter is large in size, occupies a large area, is inconvenient to transport, and is complex and time-consuming to install during construction. Micro inverters track the maximum power peak of one or more photovoltaic units (one-to-one, one-to-two, one-to-four, etc.) individually. The capacity of this type of inverter is generally below kW. It has the advantages of independent MPPT control for each component, improving overall efficiency in the case of shading or component performance differences, and minimizing safety hazards. Its disadvantages are high prices, only applicable to smaller projects, and small application scenarios.

[0005] However, most designers do not have a very good understanding of the performance of inverters, and often only choose from several alternative inverters according to design specifications. Inverters with too high performance are often selected, resulting in increased costs. In addition, if the performance of the selected inverter does not match the photovoltaic string, the power generation efficiency will decrease, and in severe cases, it will even shorten the service life of the equipment. Summary of the invention

[0006] An object of the present invention is to improve the design efficiency of photovoltaic power generation projects.

[0007] Another object of the present invention is to optimize the cable connection method in photovoltaic power generation projects and reduce costs.

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to improve the survey accuracy and precision of photovoltaic power generation projects and fully meet customer needs.

[0009] In particular, the present invention provides a method for selecting an inverter for a photovoltaic power generation system. The method comprises:

[0010] Obtaining a photovoltaic design plan for a photovoltaic power generation system, wherein the photovoltaic design plan is configured with electrical parameters and installation methods of photovoltaic units used in the photovoltaic power generation system;

[0011] Determine electrical parameters of three groups of different types of inverters according to the electrical parameters. The three groups of different types of inverters include: string inverter, centralized inverter, and micro inverter;

[0012] Determine the mechanical performance requirements of three different types of inverters according to the installation method;

[0013] Select three different types of inverter alternative equipment models from the inverter selection library according to electrical parameters and mechanical performance requirements;

[0014] Generate three groups of alternative inverter selection schemes according to the selected alternative equipment models of the three different types of inverters;

[0015] A target inverter is selected from three groups of alternative inverter selection schemes.

[0016] Optionally, the step of determining electrical parameters of three groups of inverters of different types according to electrical parameters includes:

[0017] The voltage levels of three groups of different types of inverters are determined according to the maximum open-circuit voltage of the photovoltaic unit;

[0018] According to the maximum power point tracking voltage range of the photovoltaic unit, the maximum power point tracking voltage ranges of three groups of inverters of different types are determined respectively;

[0019] The power ranges of three groups of different types of inverters are determined according to the power ranges of the photovoltaic units.

[0020] Optionally, the step of determining mechanical performance requirements of three groups of inverters of different types according to the installation method includes:

[0021] Determine the optional installation positions of three groups of different types of inverters according to the installation method of the photovoltaic unit;

[0022] The operating temperature ranges of three groups of different types of inverters are determined according to the installation environment of the photovoltaic unit.

[0023] Optionally, the step of generating three groups of candidate inverter selection schemes according to the selected candidate device models of three different types of inverters includes:

[0024] Determine the photovoltaic connection schemes between the inverter and the photovoltaic unit of the three alternative equipment models respectively. The photovoltaic connection schemes include the cable specifications, lengths, and routing methods from the inverter to the photovoltaic unit;

[0025] Determine the grid connection schemes for the inverters and grid access devices of the three alternative equipment models respectively. The grid connection schemes include the cable specifications, lengths, and routing methods from the inverter to the grid access device;

[0026] Three sets of alternative inverter selection schemes are generated based on the equipment models, quantities, photovoltaic connection schemes and grid connection schemes of three different types of inverters.

[0027] Optionally, after the step of generating three groups of candidate inverter selection schemes, the step further includes:

[0028] Obtain a construction evaluation criteria system for photovoltaic power generation projects, the evaluation criteria system includes multiple evaluation levels, and the bottom layer of the evaluation level is configured with multiple project construction influencing factors;

[0029] The lowest evaluation level is assigned values ​​according to the photovoltaic design scheme and three groups of alternative inverter selection schemes, and three groups of influencing factor relationships are obtained;

[0030] The three groups of influencing factor relationships are calculated respectively according to the factor weights corresponding to each project construction influencing factor, and multiple criterion parameters of the middle layer in the three groups of evaluation levels are obtained;

[0031] Comprehensively evaluate the three groups of multiple criterion parameters to obtain three groups of decision evaluation results; and

[0032] The step of selecting a target inverter from three groups of candidate inverter selection schemes includes: taking the best group of corresponding inverters in the three groups of decision evaluation results as the target inverter.

[0033] Optionally, the criteria of the middle layer include: equipment criteria;

[0034] The lower-level project construction influencing factors of the equipment criteria include: photovoltaic unit indicators, energy storage unit indicators, and electric energy conversion equipment indicators; the electric energy conversion equipment indicators are assigned values ​​based on three groups of alternative inverter selection schemes.

[0035] Optionally, the step of assigning values ​​to the lowest evaluation level according to the photovoltaic design scheme and the three groups of alternative inverter selection schemes includes:

[0036] Establish a set of evaluation object factors based on the construction evaluation criteria system;

[0037] Determine the level of the evaluation object according to the evaluation object factor set;

[0038] Obtaining quantitative indicators obtained by grading the lowest level of evaluation according to the level of the evaluation object;

[0039] Establish a fuzzy relationship matrix based on quantitative indicators.

[0040] Optionally, the step of calculating the relationship between the influencing factors according to the factor weight corresponding to each project construction influencing factor includes:

[0041] Obtain a factor weight vector pre-constructed for the project construction influencing factors, the factor weight vector having the factor weight corresponding to each project construction influencing factor as an element;

[0042] The fuzzy relationship matrix is ​​multiplied by the factor weight vector to obtain multiple criterion parameters of the middle layer.

[0043] Optionally, the step of obtaining a photovoltaic design solution includes:

[0044] Obtain basic information on the construction area of ​​the photovoltaic power generation project;

[0045] Control the drone to take photos of the construction area based on the basic information to obtain survey images;

[0046] Generate a 3D model of the construction area based on the survey images;

[0047] Analyze the three-dimensional model to obtain survey characteristic data of the photovoltaic panel laying area;

[0048] The photovoltaic panel laying area is simulated and designed according to the survey characteristic data to obtain one or more photovoltaic design solutions.

[0049] Optionally, the step of controlling the drone to photograph the construction area according to the basic information includes:

[0050] Control the drone to conduct initial survey and photography of the construction area to obtain the initial image;

[0051] Setting marker points on the initial image, dividing the initial image into objects based on the marker points, so as to at least determine the installation object and surrounding environment objects, and estimate the area and terrain characteristics of the installation object;

[0052] Design an aerial photography plan based on the area and terrain characteristics of the installation object. The aerial photography plan includes the flight parameters and shooting parameters of the drone.

[0053] Controlling the UAV to perform a first survey and photography around the installation object according to the aerial photography plan to obtain a survey image of the installation object;

[0054] Controlling the UAV to perform a second survey and shooting of the surrounding environment objects to obtain a survey image of the surrounding environment objects;

[0055] The survey image of the installation object and the survey image of the surrounding environment objects are spliced ​​to obtain a survey image of the construction area.

[0056] According to another aspect of the present invention, a computer program product is provided, comprising a computer program, which implements the steps of any of the above-mentioned methods for selecting an inverter for a photovoltaic power generation system when executed by a processor.

[0057] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which implements the steps of any of the above-mentioned methods for selecting an inverter for a photovoltaic power generation system when the computer program is executed by a processor.

[0058] According to another aspect of the present invention, a computer device is provided, which includes a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of any of the above-mentioned methods for selecting an inverter for a photovoltaic power generation system.

[0059] The inverter selection method for the photovoltaic power generation system of the present invention determines the electrical parameters and mechanical performance requirements of three groups of different types of inverters according to the photovoltaic design scheme of the photovoltaic power generation system, further selects matching alternative equipment models of three different types of inverters from the inverter selection library, and generates three groups of alternative inverter selection schemes; completes the selection of three main types of inverters, namely string inverters, centralized inverters, and micro inverters, and selects the optimal target inverter. The whole process is completed automatically, and the selected target inverter meets the needs of the owner of the photovoltaic power generation system, so that the photovoltaic power generation system can achieve a balance between cost, performance, and efficiency. The solution of the present invention is applicable to a wide range of scenarios, and can provide inverter solutions for various photovoltaic design schemes in a targeted manner, which reduces the requirements for designers and reduces the workload of designers.

[0060] Furthermore, the inverter selection method for the photovoltaic power generation system of the present invention optimizes the evaluation criteria system and the process of using the evaluation criteria system to make decision-making evaluations for photovoltaic power generation projects to be built, configures power conversion equipment indicators according to equipment criteria, assigns values ​​according to three groups of alternative inverter selection schemes, and uses inverter selection as part of the overall scheme evaluation of the photovoltaic power generation system, thereby optimizing the inverter selection process as a whole and ensuring that the inverter can meet the overall optimization needs of the photovoltaic power generation system.

[0061] Furthermore, the inverter selection method for the photovoltaic power generation system of the present invention uses a drone to photograph the design area and its surrounding environment. With the help of the drone's flexibility and low cost, it solves the problems of increased survey difficulty and inaccurate survey data caused by harsh on-site environment, automatically completes the generation of photovoltaic design plans, improves planning efficiency, and reduces the workload of surveyors.

[0062] Based on the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art will become more aware of the above and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0063] Hereinafter, some specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail in an exemplary and non-limiting manner with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the accompanying drawings indicate the same or similar components or parts. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the accompanying drawings:

[0064] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an inverter selection method for a photovoltaic power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 2 is a flow chart of determining electrical parameters of an inverter in a method for selecting an inverter for a photovoltaic power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 3 is a flow chart for determining the mechanical performance requirements of an inverter in a method for selecting an inverter for a photovoltaic power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 4 is a flow chart of generating an inverter selection scheme in an inverter selection method for a photovoltaic power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 5 is a flow chart for evaluating an inverter selection scheme in an inverter selection method for a photovoltaic power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 6is a flow chart for assigning values ​​to evaluation levels in a method for selecting an inverter for a photovoltaic power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 7 is a flow chart of a photovoltaic design scheme obtained in a method for selecting an inverter for a photovoltaic power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a process of aerial photography performed by a drone in a method for selecting an inverter for a photovoltaic power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0072] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of drone survey and design in an inverter selection method for a photovoltaic power generation system using an embodiment of the present invention;

[0073] Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of a computer program product according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0074] Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of a computer-readable storage medium according to an embodiment of the present invention; and

[0075] Fig.12 is a schematic block diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0076] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments of the present invention, and these embodiments are intended to explain the technical principles of the present invention, rather than to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments provided by the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0077] This embodiment first provides a method for selecting an inverter for a photovoltaic power generation system, and determines a target inverter in combination with the demand characteristics of a photovoltaic power generation project and a photovoltaic design solution, so that the photovoltaic power generation system as a whole has better performance.

[0078] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of an inverter selection method for a photovoltaic power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The inverter selection method for the photovoltaic power generation system may generally include:

[0079] Step S101, obtaining a photovoltaic design plan for a photovoltaic power generation system. The photovoltaic design plan is configured with electrical parameters and installation methods of the photovoltaic units used in the photovoltaic power generation system. The electrical parameters of the photovoltaic unit include: Monochromatic Incident Photon-to-Electron Conversion Efficiency (IPCE), optimal operating current, optimal operating voltage, short-circuit current, maximum open-circuit voltage, maximum system voltage, short-circuit current temperature coefficient, open-circuit voltage temperature coefficient, peak power temperature coefficient, etc.; the installation method of the photovoltaic unit includes: photovoltaic array arrangement method, fixing method, sun-facing direction tracking method, layout inclination angle, spacing, bracket structure, installation height, installation object type, etc.

[0080] Step S102, determining the electrical parameters of three groups of different types of inverters according to the electrical parameters, the three groups of different types of inverters include: string inverter, centralized inverter, micro inverter. The string inverter tracks the maximum power peak of several groups of photovoltaic strings separately, and then merges them into the AC power grid after inversion. The power of this type of inverter is relatively small, and it has the advantages of a large number of MPPTs, flexible component configuration, easy installation, high tracking accuracy, high power generation, and fast operation and maintenance, but it also has the disadvantages of slightly poor power generation quality and high cost. The centralized inverter aggregates the direct current generated by the photovoltaic components into a larger direct current power and then inverts it. The power of this type of inverter is relatively large, and it has the advantages of large output power, mature technology, high power quality, and low cost, but it also has the disadvantage of insufficient MPPT tracking accuracy, which will affect the efficiency and power generation of the entire photovoltaic power station when encountering cloudy, shaded or single string failure. The micro inverter tracks the maximum power peak of each photovoltaic module individually, and then connects the new energy power generation to the AC grid after inverter. It has the advantages of independent maximum power tracking and control of each module, improving overall efficiency in the event of shading or module performance differences, and minimizing safety hazards. Its disadvantages are high price and difficulty in maintenance after failure.

[0081] The above three types of inverters must all meet the requirements that the maximum access voltage is greater than the maximum open-circuit voltage of the connected photovoltaic device (unit, string, array), the maximum power point tracking voltage range can include the maximum power point tracking voltage range of the connected photovoltaic device, the maximum current is greater than the maximum current of the connected photovoltaic device, and the optimal power point is close to the optimal power point of the photovoltaic device.

[0082] Step S103, determining mechanical performance requirements of three groups of different types of inverters according to the installation method. The mechanical performance requirements of the inverter include: installation position requirements, cable length requirements, operating temperature requirements, and external size requirements.

[0083] Step S104, select three different types of inverter candidate equipment models from the inverter selection library according to the electrical parameters and mechanical performance requirements. In this embodiment, the information of the inverters that meet the selection requirements and have been tested can be collected in advance to obtain the electrical and mechanical parameters of the inverters, as well as the installation requirements, and the obtained data is processed and stored in the inverter selection library.

[0084] Step S105, generating three groups of candidate inverter selection schemes according to the selected candidate device models of the three different types of inverters. In some embodiments, due to the limitation of electrical requirements or mechanical requirements, it may not be possible to form all three groups of inverters, and one or two groups of candidate inverter selection schemes may be formed according to the situation.

[0085] Step S106: Select a target inverter from the three groups of candidate inverter selection schemes.

[0086] Figure 2 1 is a flow chart of determining the electrical parameters of the inverter in the inverter selection method of the photovoltaic power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The step of determining the electrical parameters of three groups of inverters of different types according to the electrical parameters may include:

[0087] Step S201, determining voltage levels of three groups of inverters of different types respectively according to the maximum open-circuit voltage of the photovoltaic unit;

[0088] Step S202, determining maximum power point tracking voltage ranges of three groups of inverters of different types respectively according to the maximum power point tracking voltage range of the photovoltaic unit;

[0089] Step S203 , determining power ranges of three groups of inverters of different types respectively according to the power ranges of the photovoltaic units.

[0090] Through the above process, one, two or three of the string inverter, centralized inverter and micro inverter whose electrical parameters meet the requirements can be obtained.

[0091] Figure 3 1 is a flow chart for determining the mechanical performance requirements of an inverter in a method for selecting an inverter for a photovoltaic power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The step of determining the electrical parameters of three groups of inverters of different types according to the electrical parameters may include:

[0092] Step S301, determine the optional installation positions of three groups of different types of inverters according to the installation method of the photovoltaic unit. For example, determine the layout space size and installation position of the inverter. For example, for a photovoltaic unit with a shorter bracket height, it is impossible to install the inverter on the back of the bracket, and for a photovoltaic unit installed on the ground, it is impossible to install the inverter in a wall-mounted manner.

[0093] Step S302, determining the operating temperature ranges of three groups of different types of inverters according to the installation environment of the photovoltaic unit. The operating range of the inverter needs to consider both the impact of high temperature on the inverter components and the impact of low temperature on the inverter components.

[0094] Through the above process, one, two or three of the string inverter, centralized inverter and micro inverter whose mechanical properties meet the requirements can be obtained.

[0095] Figure 4 The flowchart of generating an inverter selection scheme in an inverter selection method for a photovoltaic power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The steps of generating three groups of candidate inverter selection schemes according to the candidate device models of three different types of inverters selected may include:

[0096] Step S401 , respectively determining photovoltaic connection schemes between inverters and photovoltaic units of three candidate equipment models, wherein the photovoltaic connection schemes include cable specifications, lengths, and routing methods from the inverter to the photovoltaic unit.

[0097] Step S402, respectively determine the grid connection schemes of the inverters and the grid access devices of the three candidate equipment models, the grid connection schemes including the cable specifications, lengths, and routing methods from the inverter to the grid access device. The cost, routing methods, and laying requirements of cables of different specifications are all different. The photovoltaic connection scheme and the grid connection scheme are part of the inverter selection scheme.

[0098] Step S403 , generating three groups of candidate inverter selection schemes by combining the equipment models, quantities, photovoltaic connection schemes and grid connection schemes of three different types of inverters.

[0099] Figure 5 The flowchart of evaluating the inverter selection scheme in the inverter selection method of the photovoltaic power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention can also include the following steps after the step of generating three groups of candidate inverter selection schemes:

[0100] Step S501, obtaining a construction evaluation criterion system for a photovoltaic power generation project, wherein the evaluation criterion system includes multiple evaluation levels, and the bottom layer of the evaluation level is configured with multiple project construction influencing factors.

[0101] Step S502 , assigning values ​​to the bottom evaluation level according to the photovoltaic design scheme and the three groups of candidate inverter selection schemes to obtain three groups of influencing factor relationships.

[0102] Step S503, respectively calculating the three groups of influencing factor relationships according to the factor weights corresponding to each project construction influencing factor, and obtaining a plurality of criterion parameters of the middle layers in the three groups of evaluation levels.

[0103] Step S504, comprehensively evaluate the three groups of multiple criterion parameters to obtain three groups of decision evaluation results. And the step of selecting the target inverter from the three groups of candidate inverter selection schemes may also include:

[0104] Step S505: taking the inverter corresponding to the best one among the three groups of decision evaluation results as the target inverter.

[0105] Among them, the middle-layer criteria of the construction evaluation criteria system can include equipment criteria; the lower-level project construction influencing factors of the equipment criteria include: photovoltaic unit indicators, energy storage unit indicators, and power conversion equipment indicators; the power conversion equipment indicators are assigned values ​​based on three groups of alternative inverter selection schemes. In addition, the middle-layer criteria can also include: resource and environmental criteria, ownership criteria, income criteria, and risk criteria.

[0106] In some optional embodiments, the evaluation criterion system includes three evaluation levels. Table 1 shows the construction evaluation criterion system of the three evaluation levels for photovoltaic power generation system design evaluation application in this embodiment.

[0107] Table 1

[0108]

[0109] The construction assessment criteria system used in the scheme of this embodiment selects construction influencing factors based on the principles of scientific rationality, relative comprehensiveness, and feasibility. As shown in Table 1, the middle-layer criteria include: equipment criteria, resource and environmental criteria, ownership criteria, benefit criteria, and risk criteria. Among them, the lower-level project construction influencing factors of the equipment criteria include: photovoltaic unit indicators, energy storage unit indicators, and electric energy conversion equipment indicators; the lower-level project construction influencing factors of the resource and environmental criteria include: climate impacts and construction impacts; the lower-level project construction influencing factors of the ownership criteria include: electricity price impacts and adjacent impacts; the lower-level project construction influencing factors of the benefit criteria include: cost impacts and profit impacts; the lower-level project construction influencing factors of the risk criteria include: weather risks and building safety risks.

[0110] The photovoltaic unit index reflects the performance of the photovoltaic unit used in the photovoltaic power generation system, which may include the photoelectric conversion efficiency (IPCE). There will be differences in IPCE between different types of photovoltaic units (monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, etc.) and between different specifications of the same photovoltaic unit.

[0111] The energy storage unit index reflects the performance of the energy storage battery used in the photovoltaic power generation system, which may include battery energy density and battery attenuation value.

[0112] The indicators of power conversion equipment include the parameters, performance, installation and wiring requirements of the inverter of the photovoltaic power generation system and its connecting cables.

[0113] Climate impact reflects the situation of solar energy resources, which can include the average annual sunshine hours and the average annual solar radiation.

[0114] Construction impact reflects the convenience of construction, which may include building structure conditions, material transportation conditions, and the impact on people's living and work.

[0115] The impact of electricity prices directly affects the economic benefits of photovoltaic power generation systems, which may include grid-connected electricity prices, electricity prices, electricity price subsidies, and electricity price time periods.

[0116] Neighboring impacts reflect the rights and interests of stakeholders in the photovoltaic power generation system, which may include: the complexity of the property rights of the construction object, the degree of community support, the degree of support from neighboring units, etc.

[0117] Cost impact reflects the construction and operation costs of photovoltaic power generation systems, which may include capital costs, construction costs, operation and maintenance costs, etc.

[0118] Profit impact reflects the benefits of photovoltaic power generation systems, which can be economic benefits, social benefits, environmental benefits, etc.

[0119] Weather risk reflects the impact of extreme weather on photovoltaic power generation systems, which may include earthquake risk, strong wind risk, hail risk, etc.

[0120] Building safety risks reflect the risks of building load, water leakage and electric leakage, etc.

[0121] The above-mentioned evaluation criteria system includes multiple evaluation levels. The bottom layer of the evaluation level is configured with multiple project construction influencing factors. The evaluation criteria system comprehensively considers the overall design scheme decision evaluation including the inverter option scheme, thereby determining that the design scheme fully matches the needs of the construction owner, thereby greatly improving the satisfaction of the construction owner.

[0122] Figure 6 The flowchart of assigning values ​​to the evaluation level in the inverter selection method of the photovoltaic power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The step of assigning values ​​to the lowest evaluation level according to the photovoltaic design scheme and the three groups of alternative inverter selection schemes may include:

[0123] Step S601, establish an evaluation object factor set according to the construction evaluation criteria system. The evaluation object factor set can be n evaluation object factors from X1, X2, X3, ... to Xn for evaluation, which can be expressed as X = {X1, X2, X3, ..., Xn}, where n is the number of evaluation object factors.

[0124] Step S602, determining the evaluation object grade according to the evaluation object factor set. The evaluation object grade can be, for example, a grade description method of excellent, good, medium, poor, or none. It can be expressed as Y={Y1, Y2, Y3, ..., Ym}, where m is the number of evaluation object grades. The evaluation object grade can be described and scored by relevant experts, for example, an excellent score of 81-100, a good score of 61-80, a medium score of 41-60, a poor score of 21-40, and a no score of 0-20. The proportion of the above-mentioned grade description method can confirm the fuzzy relationship matrix corresponding to the evaluation object grade in the fuzzy evaluation.

[0125] For example, for climate impact, the annual average radiation G satisfies G ≥ 1750 kWh / m 2 In the case of G, it is rated as excellent; 1750kWh / m2>G≥1400kWh / m 2 In the case of 1400kWh / m 2 >G≥1050kWh / m 2 In the case of 2 >G, it is rated as poor.

[0126] Step S603, obtain the quantitative index obtained by grading the lowest evaluation level according to the evaluation object level. Each factor in the evaluation object factor set X has a corresponding relationship with each level in the evaluation object level Y. The corresponding relationship is recorded as Rn, and the corresponding relationship from X to Y is R = {R1, R2, R3, ..., Rn}.

[0127] Step S604: Establish a fuzzy relationship matrix based on the quantitative index. The fuzzy relationship matrix finally obtained can be identified as:

[0128]

[0129] Through the above process, qualitative indicators can be converted into quantifiable quantitative indicators.

[0130] And the step of calculating the relationship of the influencing factors according to the factor weight corresponding to each project construction influencing factor may include:

[0131] Step S605, obtaining a pre-constructed factor weight vector for the project construction influencing factors, wherein the factor weight vector has the factor weight corresponding to each project construction influencing factor as an element;

[0132] Step S606, performing a dot product calculation on the fuzzy relationship matrix and the factor weight vector to obtain a plurality of criterion parameters of the middle layer.

[0133] The process of constructing the factor weight vector may include: selecting any two project construction influencing factors from the construction influencing factors to judge their importance; forming a judgment matrix based on the results of the importance judgment; and performing a consistency check on the judgment matrix. One execution process of the step of performing a consistency check on the judgment matrix may include: calculating the maximum eigenvector of the judgment matrix; calculating the inconsistency index based on the maximum eigenvector; calculating the ratio of the inconsistency index to the preset random consistency index, and if the ratio is less than the preset threshold, the consistency check result is judged to be qualified; normalizing the judgment matrix with a qualified consistency check result to obtain the factor weight vector.

[0134] The judgment matrix is ​​generated by comparing the factors affecting the construction of two types of projects. The importance of factors can be determined by comparing and analyzing the degree of influence. Two factors xi and xj are randomly selected, and aij is used to represent the ratio of the importance of xi to xj to construct a judgment matrix. Assuming there is a judgment matrix A with n elements, then for each element Ai, there is a corresponding judgment value ai, which indicates the importance of the element relative to another element. The judgment matrix A can be represented as an n×n matrix, in which each row and column corresponds to an element, and the position (i, j) of each element indicates the importance of the element Ai relative to Aj. In some embodiments, the 9-scaling method is used to determine the weight of the indicator. The judgment matrix scale is generally represented by 1-9 and their reciprocals. The specific meanings of the numbers are shown in Table 2.

[0135] Table 2

[0136] Calibration definition 1 Factor i is equally important as factor j. 3 Compared with factor i, factor j is slightly more important than factor i. 5 Compared with factor i, factor j is more important than factor i. 7 Factor i is more important than factor j. 9 Factor i is equally important as factor j.

[0137] In Table 2, the larger the calibration score, the greater the importance of factor i relative to factor j. When taking values, 2, 4, 6, and 8 indicate that the importance is between the importance corresponding to the values ​​in the table. Correspondingly, if the calibration score of factor i relative to factor j is n, then the calibration score of factor j relative to factor i is 1 / n, that is, the importance represented by the reciprocal is opposite to that of the integer.

[0138] Then compare the indicators one by one, fill the importance results into the table below, and get the judgment matrix of the hierarchical analysis method. The judgment matrix can be expressed as:

[0139]

[0140] Among them, the element aij represents the relative importance of factor i and factor j.

[0141] The above importance assignment can be obtained by analyzing the previous data, or it can be scored by experts in related fields. After the judgment matrix is ​​constructed, a consistency test is required. After the judgment matrix is ​​constructed, a consistency test is required. Let λmax(A) be the maximum eigenvector in matrix A, then the inconsistency index CI can be set as: The meaning of CI is CI=0, A is completely consistent; the larger the CI, the more serious the inconsistency of A.

[0142] The random consistency index RI is set to a preset value. For an n-order judgment matrix, the setting of the RI value can be shown in Table 3.

[0143] Table 3

[0144] n 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 RI 0 0 0.58 0.9 1.12 1.24 1.32 1.41 1.45 1.49 1.51

[0145] Calculate the ratio of the inconsistency index to the preset random consistency index CR = CI / RI. When CR < 0.1, the judgment matrix is ​​judged to meet the consistency (the consistency test result is qualified); if not, the judgment matrix can be modified, and the importance of factors xi and xj can be re-set until the judgment matrix meets the consistency. The above preset ratio threshold of 0.1 can be adjusted according to the evaluation requirements.

[0146] After obtaining a judgment matrix with a qualified consistency test result, the judgment matrix is ​​normalized to obtain the final factor weight vector. The normalization process can be: first normalize the column vector of the matrix, that is, the sum of the values ​​of the elements in each column is 1 (the proportional relationship of each element remains unchanged), then sum each row and normalize again, that is, add up the elements of each row separately, take the accumulated sum as the value of each row, and then normalize so that the sum of the values ​​of each row is 1 (the proportional relationship of the elements in each row remains unchanged). The final factor weight vector is obtained.

[0147] Similarly, the comprehensive weight vector can also be constructed using the above process. First, by comparing the influence of the factors affecting the construction of each project, a judgment matrix is ​​constructed, and after a consistency check, a normalization process is performed to obtain a comprehensive weight vector. Since the construction process of the comprehensive weight vector is similar to the construction process of the factor weight vector, those skilled in the art can realize the construction of the comprehensive weight vector according to the construction method of the factor weight vector.

[0148] Table 4 shows example data of importance judgment of each criterion in the middle layer:

[0149] Table 4

[0150]

[0151] After normalization and a flower test, the weight vector of the weight factors of each criterion in the middle layer is finally obtained:

[0152] ω={1.7227, 0.2709, 2.4770, 0.7369, 0.2353} T

[0153] The above-mentioned weight factor weight vectors are only examples, and those skilled in the art can configure them accordingly according to the construction goals and needs of different projects. Similarly, those skilled in the art can set the weight factor weight vectors for the project construction influencing factors of each intermediate layer criterion accordingly. In combination with the model of the installation environment and the operating characteristics of the photovoltaic components, the design of the optimal photovoltaic power generation system can be determined according to different requirements. In some embodiments, the method of this embodiment can pre-configure a variety of weight factor weight vectors according to different construction requirements, such as the minimum configuration cost requirement, the maximum laying area requirement, the best photovoltaic conversion efficiency requirement, the best economic performance requirement, the minimum installation difficulty requirement, and other different weight vectors.

[0154] The process of comprehensively evaluating multiple criterion parameters can use the maximum membership method or the weighted average method. When the maximum membership method is used, the step of comprehensively evaluating multiple criterion parameters includes: taking the evaluation level with the largest statistical probability value among the multiple criterion parameters as the decision evaluation result; when the evaluation level is lower than the preset level, it is determined that the design scheme needs to be adjusted.

[0155] For three groups of alternative inverter selection schemes, three fuzzy comprehensive evaluation results S1, S2, and S3 can be generated, representing the string inverter selection scheme, the centralized inverter selection scheme, and the micro inverter selection scheme, respectively. For example, a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation result is: S1 = (0.4, 0.25, 0.15, 0.1, 0.1), where the evaluation level with the largest statistical probability value is excellent, and its maximum statistical probability value is 0.4. At this time, the decision evaluation result is considered to be excellent, and the design scheme evaluation is passed as a whole; S2 = (0.10, 0.20, 0.50, 0.1, 0.1), where the evaluation level with the largest statistical probability value is good, and its maximum statistical probability value is 0.40. At this time, the decision evaluation result is considered to be good. S3 = (0.10, 0.40, 0.30, 0.1, 0.1), where the evaluation level with the largest statistical probability value is medium, and its maximum statistical probability value is 0.50. At this time, the decision evaluation result is considered to be medium. In this case, the string inverter selection scheme can be preferred.

[0156] For example, a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation result is: S1 = (0.4, 0.25, 0.15, 0.1, 0.1), S2 = (0.5, 0.3, 0.1, 0.05, 0.05), S3 = (0.6, 0.2, 0.1, 0.05, 0.05). At this time, the evaluation levels of the three fuzzy comprehensive evaluation results with the largest statistical probability values ​​are all excellent. The micro-inverter corresponding to S31 with the largest excellent statistical probability value can be selected as the target inverter.

[0157] In some special cases, if none of the three fuzzy comprehensive evaluation results S1, S2, and S3 are excellent, other design factors of the photovoltaic design scheme can be adjusted, and the inverter can be reselected, and the above selection and evaluation process can be repeated until the optimal solution is obtained.

[0158] The photovoltaic design scheme in the method of this embodiment can be automatically generated through drone survey. Figure 7 1 is a flow chart of a photovoltaic design scheme obtained in a method for selecting an inverter for a photovoltaic power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The steps of obtaining the photovoltaic design scheme may include:

[0159] Step S701, obtain the basic information of the construction area of ​​the photovoltaic power generation project. The basic information may include: location information, terrain information, and grid access equipment information. The location information includes the geographical coordinates (latitude and longitude) of the construction area, the address of the administrative area (administrative divisions, road numbers), and the distance to surrounding markers. The terrain information includes the altitude, slope and slope direction (the degree of inclination and inclination direction of the ground), the type of foundation layout (roof, wall, ground, other supports), landform type, and infrastructure information (foundation surface flatness, foundation surface covering type) of the construction area. The grid access equipment information includes the capacity of the access transformer, the model of the junction cabinet, etc.

[0160] The step of obtaining the position information and terrain information may include: reading the position information and terrain information from the position of the construction area selected in the preset map. The map may be a digital map, which is obtained by digitally processing geographic information using computer technology, and in addition to graphics, may also include relevant data such as terrain data, vector data, and description information. In actual application, the method of this embodiment may determine the position of the construction area on the digital map through the selection operation of the surveyor on the map or according to the input selection information, and read the corresponding position information and terrain information. The position information and terrain information are used as positioning information for surveying on the one hand, and can also be used as basic data for surveying on the other hand.

[0161] The step of obtaining the information of the equipment connected to the grid includes: sending a query request to the grid management device according to the location information, and obtaining the information of the equipment connected to the grid in response to the query request from the grid management device. The grid management device can find the corresponding equipment information connected to the grid according to the grid deployment data of the construction area. The equipment information connected to the grid can be used to limit the technical indicators and economic indicators of the photovoltaic system, such as providing the capacity limit parameters of the photovoltaic system, the consumable cost of the photovoltaic equipment connected to the grid (cable specifications and quantity, transformer and PCS expansion cost, etc.), and the grid's restriction conditions for absorbing microgrid power transmission (whether to operate reverse transmission to the grid, and the grid electricity price).

[0162] Step S702: Control the drone to take photos of the construction area according to the basic information to obtain a survey image. The survey image can be multiple images at different angles, reflecting the conditions of the construction area at different angles.

[0163] Step S703: Generate a three-dimensional model of the construction area based on the survey image.

[0164] Step S704: Analyze the three-dimensional model to obtain survey feature data of the photovoltaic panel laying area. The survey feature data may include: shape, area, inclination, orientation, height, etc. of the photovoltaic panel laying area.

[0165] Step S705, performing simulation design on the photovoltaic panel laying area according to the survey characteristic data to obtain one or more photovoltaic design solutions.

[0166] The above process uses drones to take pictures of the construction area to obtain survey images. With the help of the drone's flexibility and low cost, the field survey results can be obtained quickly and efficiently. A three-dimensional model of the construction area is further generated based on the survey image; the three-dimensional model is analyzed to obtain the survey feature data of the photovoltaic panel laying area. The survey process is fast and efficient, reducing the workload of survey personnel and solving the problems of increased survey difficulty and inaccurate survey data caused by the harsh on-site environment.

[0167] The photovoltaic design schemes obtained can be used as the basis for the above decision-making evaluation. The design schemes include the project construction influencing factors required for the evaluation.

[0168] Figure 8 The flowchart of the method for selecting an inverter for a photovoltaic power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

[0169] Step S801, control the drone to perform initial survey and photography of the construction area to obtain an initial image. The initial survey and photography can be performed using the drone's default cruise mode. For example, the drone photographs the construction area at a certain height in a preset scanning photography mode (such as reciprocating along a straight line). The initial image obtained is used to gain a general understanding of the construction area.

[0170] Step S802, set marker points for the initial image, and divide the initial image into objects based on the marker points to at least determine the installation object and the surrounding environment objects, and estimate the regional area and terrain characteristics of the installation object. The marker points can be obtained by analyzing the initial image, for example, by finding obvious marker points using pixel threshold segmentation, edge detection, regional growth clustering, machine learning model classification, etc. The marker points may include points such as demarcation points, edge points, feature intensity change points, cluster centers or representative points. In addition to the installation objects (installation roofs, installation walls, idle ground, etc.), the objects obtained by object division may also include the basic objects of the installation objects (installed building objects, walls, supports, etc.). The estimated regional area and terrain characteristics of the installation object are used for the formulation of the aerial photography plan, not the final survey results.

[0171] Step S803, design an aerial photography plan according to the area and terrain characteristics of the installation object. The aerial photography plan includes the flight parameters and shooting parameters of the drone. The flight parameters may include calculating the navigation altitude, speed, route length, flight time and other data. To ensure the accuracy of the measurement, the same target position can be photographed from at least three directions. The aerial photography plan requires that the captured images have a certain degree of overlap to facilitate subsequent stitching. The aerial photography plan can shoot in multiple directions and at multiple heights for the installation object.

[0172] Step S804, control the drone to perform a first survey and shooting around the installation object according to the aerial photography plan to obtain a survey image of the installation object. The shooting point can be arranged in an open, unobstructed location with a large shooting range. After the first survey and shooting is completed, the shooting quality of the survey image (such as clarity, overlap, occlusion status, etc.) can be checked. If an image that does not meet the requirements appears, repeat the shooting. The survey image of the installation object may include images taken from multiple directions and multiple heights from multiple shooting points.

[0173] Step S805, control the drone to perform a second survey and photography of the surrounding environment objects to obtain a survey image of the surrounding environment objects. The second survey and photography photographs the periphery of the installation object to obtain an image reflecting the overall state of the construction area.

[0174] Step S806, stitching the survey image of the installation object and the survey image of the surrounding environment object to obtain the survey image of the construction area. An optional survey image stitching method includes: performing angle matching on the survey image of the installation object and the survey image of the surrounding environment object to find multiple pairs of matching images; performing grayscale histogram equalization processing and geometric distortion elimination on the multiple pairs of matching images to obtain multiple groups of images to be stitched; extracting feature information from the multiple groups of images to be stitched, stitching and fusing the images according to the feature information, and obtaining multi-angle survey images of the construction area.

[0175] Angle matching can be done by searching for images with similar shooting directions and shooting ranges through the flight records of drones. The matching images found have similar angles, which can reduce the image calculations (including image translation, scaling, and twisting) in the stitching process and improve processing efficiency. Grayscale histogram equalization and geometric distortion elimination can eliminate the problems caused by geometric distortion and color brightness differences in image processing.

[0176] Feature information is extracted from multiple groups of images to be spliced, and an image transformation model can be established based on the matched features, and finally transformation mapping is performed. The transformation mapping of the method of this embodiment first uses point, line and angle features to estimate the homography matrix of the global transformation, and pre-aligns the spliced ​​images; then the image is gridded, and the grid deformation is constrained by the energy function to achieve grid refinement alignment. Since the shooting angle is matched in advance, the complexity of the image transformation model can be reduced. The image alignment process can use a feature-based image registration method. Alignment is performed by adding feature line segments and feature points of the shooting angle, which greatly reduces the amount of calculation. For example, the scale-invariant feature transformation algorithm (ScaleInvariant Feature Transform, referred to as SIFT) can be used to determine the feature points of the image and the angle information of the feature points; for example, the line segment detector (LSD) can be used to extract the straight line characteristics of the image.

[0177] Image stitching and fusion are performed based on feature information to convert each pixel of the transformed image into the same image, and then the image fusion method is used to perform pixel fusion on the transition area of ​​the stitched image to optimize the image stitching quality.

[0178] The survey images of the construction area obtained in the above steps reflect the characteristics of the installation object and the surrounding environment objects from different angles. Compared with the prior art in which surveyors manually set up markers and aerial photography points for the construction area, the method of this embodiment uses three aerial photography to complete the entire survey task, designs the aerial photography plan with the help of the initial images obtained by the initial survey, and automatically completes the aerial photography task, which has a higher accuracy rate and reduces the dependence on the operation of the surveyors.

[0179] The step of generating a three-dimensional model of the construction area according to the survey image may include: discretizing the survey image using set grid points to generate point cloud data of the construction area. One discretization method is: discretizing using three-dimensional space grid points, and then sampling a point in each grid point, each small grid contains a number of points, and taking the point closest to the center point of the grid as a discrete sampling point. Use the point cloud data to construct a surface to obtain a surface model. After processing, the data captured by the drone can obtain sufficient point cloud data. Through surface construction, a surface model in the form of a point cloud can be obtained. Perform object recognition on the survey image to determine the object boundary. The results of object recognition include: installation objects (installation roofs, installation walls, idle ground, etc.), basic objects of installation objects (installed building objects, walls, supports, etc.), surrounding environment objects, etc. Compare the object boundary with the surface model and perform contour segmentation on the surface model. Perform object entity processing on the surface model after contour segmentation to obtain contour surfaces of multiple objects. Collect color and pattern features of multiple objects in the survey image. The appearance of the contour surfaces of multiple objects is processed according to the color and pattern characteristics to obtain a three-dimensional model of the construction area. The data of the three-dimensional model is counted to obtain the data information of the three-dimensional model, and attribute information is assigned to multiple objects of the three-dimensional model. The data information of the three-dimensional model includes: coordinates, elevation data, area, length, height, slope, direction, etc., which can be read from the three-dimensional model.

[0180] The final three-dimensional model of the construction area is similar to the actual visual state of the construction area, which is convenient for the owners of the photovoltaic system to intuitively understand the situation of the construction area. By performing data statistics on the three-dimensional model, the data information of the three-dimensional model can be obtained, thereby conveniently assigning values ​​to the lowest evaluation level, obtaining the relationship between influencing factors, and conducting subsequent decision-making evaluations.

[0181] When the drone survey automatically designs multiple schemes, after evaluating the multiple design schemes, the design scheme with the best evaluation result can be selected. Another way is to eliminate unqualified design schemes, and the owner or relevant personnel of the construction unit will select from the qualified design schemes and give the final decision to the owner and relevant personnel.

[0182] If the drone survey automatically designs a single design plan, if the design plan passes the evaluation, it is confirmed that the design plan is feasible; if the design plan passes the evaluation, some design data can be manually modified and re-evaluated.

[0183] Fig. 9The system architecture diagram of the unmanned aerial vehicle survey and design in the inverter selection method of the photovoltaic power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. The system may include: an unmanned aerial vehicle 10, a wireless communication device 20, a data processing device 30, and an interactive terminal 40.

[0184] The drone 10 may include: a flight control system, a positioning system, an aerial photography system, and a measurement system. The flight control system is used to adjust the flight attitude (including altitude, speed, and direction) of the drone, and the positioning system is used to obtain the location information of the drone 10, which may use positioning devices such as GPS and Beidou. The aerial photography system is used to photograph the target during flight. In order to realize the functions of the method of this embodiment, the aerial photography system uses a camera with adjustable focal length and shooting parameters that meet the design requirements. The measurement system is used to record the flight process of the drone 10 and collect status data such as flight altitude, flight attitude, and shooting parameters.

[0185] The drone 10 exchanges data with the data processing device 30 through the wireless communication device 20, and transmits its own flight data and the data of the airborne equipment (positioning system, aerial photography system, and measurement system) to the data processing device 30. The data processing device 30 collects and processes the data provided by the drone 10 to complete the flight control of the drone 10. With the characteristics of the drone's flexibility and low cost, it completes the functions that cannot be achieved by traditional manual surveys, greatly improving the processing efficiency.

[0186] The wireless communication device 20 can select a communication method according to actual communication conditions, such as 5G, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, etc. The interactive terminal 40 is data-connected to the drone 10 and the data processing device 30, respectively, and can display the interface generated by the drone 10 and the data processing device 30, and serve as an interactive device with survey and design personnel to provide manual instructions to the drone 10 and the data processing device 30, and adjust the operating status and processing results of the drone 10 and the data processing device 30. The interactive terminal 40 may include a personal computer, a smart phone, a tablet computer, or other dedicated electronic client devices with a survey application installed.

[0187] This embodiment also provides a computer program product 112, a computer readable storage medium 113, and a computer device 114.

[0188] The computer program product 112 includes a computer program 111, which implements the steps of any of the above-mentioned methods for selecting an inverter for a photovoltaic power generation system when the computer program 111 is executed by the processor 310. The computer readable storage medium 113 stores the above-mentioned computer program 111, which implements the steps of any of the above-mentioned methods for selecting an inverter for a photovoltaic power generation system when the computer program 111 is executed by the processor 310. The computer device 114 may include a memory 320, a processor 310, and a computer program 111 stored in the memory 320 and running on the processor 310.

[0189] The computer program 111 used to perform the operations of the present invention can be assembly instructions, instruction set architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions, machine-related instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, state setting data, configuration data of an integrated circuit, or source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages ​​and procedural programming languages.

[0190] The computer program 111 may be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a separate software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In the latter case, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer via any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider). In some embodiments, in order to perform various aspects of the present invention, electronic circuits including, for example, programmable logic circuits, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or programmable logic arrays (PLAs) may execute computer-readable program instructions by utilizing state information of the computer-readable program instructions to personalize the electronic circuits.

[0191] In the description of this embodiment, the computer program product 112 is a related product including the computer program 111 .

[0192] For the purposes of the description of this embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium 113 is a tangible device capable of retaining and storing the computer program 111, which may be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transmit the program 111 for use with or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, device or apparatus. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable storage medium 113 include the following: a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a static random access memory (SRAM), a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), a digital versatile disk (DVD), a memory stick, a floppy disk, a mechanical encoding device, and any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0193] At this point, those skilled in the art should recognize that, although multiple exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described in detail herein, many other variations or modifications that conform to the principles of the present invention can still be directly determined or derived based on the content disclosed in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should be understood and recognized as covering all these other variations or modifications.

Claims

1. A method for selecting an inverter for a photovoltaic power generation system, characterized in that include: Obtaining a photovoltaic design scheme for the photovoltaic power generation system, wherein the photovoltaic design scheme is configured with electrical parameters and installation methods of photovoltaic units used in the photovoltaic power generation system; Determining electrical parameters of three groups of inverters of different types according to the electrical parameters, the three groups of inverters of different types including: string inverter, centralized inverter, micro inverter; Determine the mechanical performance requirements of three groups of different types of inverters according to the installation method; Selecting three different types of inverter candidate equipment models that match from an inverter selection library according to the electrical parameters and the mechanical performance requirements; Generating three groups of candidate inverter selection schemes according to the selected candidate device models of the three different types of inverters; A target inverter is selected from three groups of alternative inverter selection schemes.

2. The inverter selection method for a photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, wherein: The step of determining the electrical parameters of three groups of inverters of different types according to the electrical parameters comprises: Determining voltage levels of three groups of inverters of different types respectively according to the maximum open-circuit voltage of the photovoltaic unit; Determining maximum power point tracking voltage ranges of three groups of inverters of different types respectively according to the maximum power point tracking voltage range of the photovoltaic unit; The power ranges of three groups of inverters of different types are determined respectively according to the power ranges of the photovoltaic units.

3. The inverter selection method for a photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, wherein: The step of determining the mechanical performance requirements of three groups of inverters of different types according to the installation method comprises: Determining optional installation positions of three groups of inverters of different types respectively according to the installation methods of the photovoltaic units; The operating temperature ranges of three groups of inverters of different types are determined respectively according to the installation environment of the photovoltaic unit.

4. The inverter selection method for a photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 1, wherein: The step of generating three groups of candidate inverter selection schemes according to the selected candidate device models of the three different types of inverters includes: Determine photovoltaic connection schemes between the inverters of the three candidate equipment models and the photovoltaic units respectively, wherein the photovoltaic connection schemes include cable specifications, lengths, and routing methods from the inverter to the photovoltaic units; Determine the grid connection schemes of the inverters of the three candidate equipment models and the grid access equipment respectively, wherein the grid connection schemes include the cable specifications, lengths, and routing methods from the inverter to the grid access equipment; The three groups of candidate inverter selection schemes are generated by comprehensively considering the equipment models and quantities of the three different types of inverters as well as the photovoltaic connection scheme and the grid connection scheme.

5. The inverter selection method for a photovoltaic power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: After the step of generating three groups of candidate inverter selection schemes, the method further includes: Acquire a construction evaluation criteria system for a photovoltaic power generation project, wherein the evaluation criteria system includes multiple evaluation levels, and the bottom layer of the evaluation level is configured with multiple project construction influencing factors; Assigning values ​​to the bottom evaluation level according to the photovoltaic design scheme and the three groups of candidate inverter selection schemes to obtain three groups of influencing factor relationships; The three groups of influencing factor relationships are calculated respectively according to the factor weights corresponding to each of the project construction influencing factors to obtain a plurality of criterion parameters of the middle layers in the three groups of evaluation levels; Comprehensively evaluating the three groups of multiple criterion parameters to obtain three groups of decision evaluation results; and The step of selecting a target inverter from three groups of candidate inverter selection schemes includes: taking the best group of corresponding inverters in the three groups of decision evaluation results as the target inverter.

6. The inverter selection method for a photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 5, wherein: The criteria of the middle layer include: equipment criteria; The lower-level project construction influencing factors of the equipment criteria include: photovoltaic unit indicators, energy storage unit indicators, and electric energy conversion equipment indicators; the electric energy conversion equipment indicators are assigned values ​​according to the three groups of alternative inverter selection schemes.

7. The inverter selection method for a photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 6, wherein: The step of assigning a value to the bottom evaluation level according to the photovoltaic design scheme and the three groups of candidate inverter selection schemes includes: Establishing an evaluation object factor set according to the construction evaluation criteria system; Determining the level of the evaluation object according to the evaluation object factor set; Obtaining quantitative indicators obtained by grading the bottom evaluation level according to the level of the evaluation object; A fuzzy relationship matrix is ​​established according to the quantitative indicators.

8. The inverter selection method for a photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 7, wherein: The step of calculating the relationship between the influencing factors according to the factor weight corresponding to each of the project construction influencing factors comprises: Obtaining a factor weight vector pre-constructed for the project construction influencing factor, wherein the factor weight vector has the factor weight corresponding to each of the project construction influencing factors as an element; The fuzzy relationship matrix is ​​multiplied by the factor weight vector to obtain a plurality of criterion parameters of the middle layer.

9. The inverter selection method for a photovoltaic power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: The step of obtaining the photovoltaic design solution comprises: Obtaining basic information about the construction area of ​​the photovoltaic power generation project; Controlling the drone to photograph the construction area according to the basic information to obtain a survey image; generating a three-dimensional model of the construction area according to the survey image; Analyzing the three-dimensional model to obtain survey characteristic data of the photovoltaic panel laying area; The photovoltaic panel laying area is simulated and designed according to the survey feature data to obtain one or more photovoltaic design solutions.

10. The inverter selection method for a photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 9, wherein: The step of controlling the drone to photograph the construction area according to the basic information includes: Controlling the UAV to perform initial survey and photography of the construction area to obtain an initial image; Setting marker points on the initial image, and dividing the initial image into objects based on the marker points to at least determine the installation object and surrounding environment objects, and estimating the area and terrain characteristics of the installation object; Designing an aerial photography plan according to the area and terrain characteristics of the installation object, wherein the aerial photography plan includes flight parameters and shooting parameters of the drone; Controlling the unmanned aerial vehicle to perform a first survey and photography around the installation object according to the aerial photography plan to obtain a survey image of the installation object; Controlling the UAV to perform a second survey and photography of the surrounding environment object to obtain a survey image of the surrounding environment object; The survey image of the installation object and the survey image of the surrounding environment object are spliced ​​to obtain a survey image of the construction area.

11. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the inverter selection method for a photovoltaic power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 10 are implemented.

12. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the inverter selection method for a photovoltaic power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 10 are implemented.

13. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory, characterized in that: The processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the inverter selection method for a photovoltaic power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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