Preparation method of zirconium dioxide dispersion strengthened copper alloy

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of metal-based composite materials, and relates to a preparation method of zirconium dioxide dispersion strengthened copper alloy, which comprises the following steps of: 1, smelting copper into molten copper; 2, molten copper is poured into a tundish, and nanoscale zirconium dioxide powder is placed in the sealed tundish; 3, atomizing molten copper and nanoscale zirconium dioxide powder, and spraying the atomized molten copper and nanoscale zirconium dioxide powder onto a deposition disc to form a blank; and 4, the blank is subjected to hot extrusion and cold drawing, and a finished product is prepared. According to the preparation method, liquid metal atomization and ZrO2 powder atomization are uniformly combined by adopting a spray forming method, so that a blank with a rapid solidification structure characteristic is prepared; the method has the characteristics of near net shape forming, structure refinement, short technological process, low cost, high deposition efficiency, high alloy component and the like, and solves the technical problems that oxide dispersion distribution is not uniform, dispersed phase grains are large in size and easy to agglomerate, the production process is complex, the production cost is relatively high, large blanks cannot be prepared, and the shapes and sizes of the blanks are limited.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of metal matrix composite materials, and in particular relates to a method for preparing a zirconium dioxide dispersion-strengthened copper alloy. Background Art

[0002] Copper and copper-based materials have good electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance and excellent mechanical properties, and are widely used in aerospace, high-speed rail, integrated circuits and other fields. However, copper-based materials have low strength, poor heat resistance, and low softening resistance due to the limitations of the materials. With the rapid development of industry, higher requirements are placed on the electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, wear resistance and service life of copper-based materials. In recent years, more and more high-performance copper alloys have been studied, among which oxide dispersion-strengthened copper alloys have received widespread attention due to their excellent processing properties.

[0003] Dispersion-strengthened copper alloys are formed by adding nano-scale oxides, such as zirconium dioxide (ZrO2), to a copper matrix to form a dispersed phase, so that the material has both the high electrical conductivity of copper and the strength and structural stability after dispersion strengthening. ZrO2, as a dispersion-strengthened phase, improves the strength and hardness of copper-based materials by hindering dislocation movement. At the same time, ZrO2 has high hardness and melting point, and is suitable for parts with high mechanical strength and wear resistance. The methods currently used to prepare dispersion-strengthened copper alloys are powder metallurgy, internal oxidation, chemical deposition, etc. These methods have problems such as complex process flow, long production cycle and high cost. Therefore, there is a need for a dispersion-strengthened copper alloy process that can solve the problems of large dispersed phase grains and easy agglomeration, reduce production costs, simplify process flow and production cycle. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a method for preparing a zirconium dioxide dispersion-strengthened copper alloy to prepare a high-performance metal-based composite material. The specific technical scheme is as follows:

[0005] A method for preparing a zirconium dioxide dispersion strengthened copper alloy comprises the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Smelting copper to obtain molten copper water, with a vacuum degree of -0.1 MPa and a smelting temperature of 1100-1200°C;

[0007] Step 2: Pour the molten copper into the tundish, and place the nano-scale zirconium dioxide powder in the sealed tundish;

[0008] Step 3: evacuate the spray chamber, use inert gas to atomize the copper water and nano-scale zirconium dioxide powder respectively, and spray the atomized particles onto the deposition plate to form a blank;

[0009] Step 4: hot extrude the deposited blank, and then cold draw the hot-extruded blank to prepare a finished product.

[0010] The present invention adopts a spray forming method to prepare a ZrO2 dispersion strengthened copper alloy, and uniformly combines liquid metal atomization with ZrO2 powder atomization to prepare a blank with rapid solidification structure characteristics; due to the short deposition time and under the protection of an inert gas, the prepared blank has fewer defects and contamination, thereby improving the subsequent hot working forming.

[0011] Furthermore, in step 1, the mass fraction of copper is greater than or equal to 99.99%.

[0012] Furthermore, in step 2, the particle size of the nano-scale zirconium oxide powder is 10 to 20 nm.

[0013] Furthermore, in step 3, the vacuum degree of the injection chamber is 0.5-0.8 MPa, and the inert gas is nitrogen with a purity greater than or equal to 99%.

[0014] Furthermore, in step 3, the nozzles for atomizing the molten copper and the nano-scale zirconium dioxide powder have the same diameter and are relatively positioned, the atomization pressure is 1.0-2.5 MPa, the nozzle diameter is 4-10 mm, and the spraying distance is 100-300 mm.

[0015] The present invention reasonably controls parameters such as atomization pressure and spray distance, so that the prepared blank has better dispersion distribution effect and higher alloy performance.

[0016] Furthermore, in step 3, the lifting speed of the deposition plate is 130 to 180 mm / min, and the rotation speed is 10 to 25 r / min.

[0017] Furthermore, in step 4, the deposited blank is hot extruded at 750-900° C., and the cold drawing deformation is 12-28%.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] The present invention adopts the method of spray forming to prepare ZrO2 dispersion strengthened copper alloy, which has the characteristics of near-net forming, refined structure, short process flow, low cost, high deposition efficiency and high alloy composition, and solves the technical problems of uneven oxide dispersion distribution, large dispersed phase grain size, easy agglomeration, complex production process, high production cost, inability to prepare large blanks, and restrictions on shape and size. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the preparation process of the zirconium dioxide dispersion strengthened copper alloy of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with embodiments. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0022] Embodiment 1:

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for preparing a zirconium dioxide dispersion strengthened copper alloy comprises the following steps:

[0024] (1) Electrolytic copper (mass fraction 99.99%) is melted in a vacuum melting furnace with a vacuum degree of -0.1 MPa, a melting temperature of 1150°C, and a power of 850 kW;

[0025] (2) Pour the molten copper into the tundish, and place nano-scale zirconium oxide powder with a particle size of 15 nm in the sealed tundish;

[0026] (3) The spray chamber is evacuated to a vacuum degree of 0.5 MPa, and 99% pure nitrogen is used to atomize the copper water and zirconium dioxide powder respectively, and the atomized particles are sprayed onto the deposition plate through nozzles located opposite to each other. The atomization pressure is 1.0 MPa and the nozzle diameter is 4 mm.

[0027] (4) The rotation and lifting speed of the deposition plate are controlled by an electronic control system, the spraying distance is 150 mm (i.e., the distance between the nozzle and the deposition plate is 150 mm), the lifting speed is 130 mm / min, and the rotation speed is 10 r / min;

[0028] (5) The deposited blank is hot extruded at 750° C. The extruded blank is cold drawn to prepare a finished product, and the drawing deformation is 15%.

[0029] Embodiment 2:

[0030] A method for preparing a zirconium dioxide dispersion strengthened copper alloy comprises the following steps:

[0031] (1) Electrolytic copper (mass fraction 99.99%) is melted in a vacuum melting furnace with a vacuum degree of -0.1 MPa, a melting temperature of 1150°C, and a power of 850 kW;

[0032] (2) pouring the molten copper into the tundish, and placing nano-scale zirconium oxide powder with a particle size of 15 nm in the sealed tundish;

[0033] (3) The spray chamber is evacuated to a vacuum degree of 0.5 MPa, and 99% pure nitrogen is used to atomize the copper water and zirconium dioxide powder respectively, and the atomized particles are sprayed onto the deposition plate through nozzles located opposite to each other. The atomization pressure is 1.0 MPa and the nozzle diameter is 6 mm.

[0034] (4) The rotation and lifting speed of the deposition disk are controlled by the electronic control system, the spraying distance is 150 mm, the lifting speed is 130 mm / min, and the rotation speed is 10 r / min;

[0035] (5) The deposited blank is hot extruded at 750° C. The extruded blank is cold drawn to prepare a finished product, and the drawing deformation is 15%.

[0036] Embodiment 3:

[0037] A spray forming technology is used to prepare zirconium dioxide dispersion strengthened copper alloy, comprising the following steps:

[0038] (1) Electrolytic copper (mass fraction 99.99%) is melted in a vacuum melting furnace with a vacuum degree of -0.1 MPa, a melting temperature of 1150°C, and a power of 850 kW;

[0039] (2) pouring the molten copper into the tundish, and placing nano-scale zirconium oxide powder with a particle size of 15 nm in the sealed tundish;

[0040] (3) The spray chamber is evacuated to a vacuum degree of 0.5 MPa, and 99% pure nitrogen is used to atomize the copper water and zirconium dioxide powder respectively, and the atomized particles are sprayed onto the deposition plate through nozzles located opposite to each other. The atomization pressure is 1.0 MPa and the nozzle diameter is 8 mm.

[0041] (4) The rotation and lifting speed of the deposition disk are controlled by the electronic control system, the spraying distance is 200 mm, the lifting speed is 130 mm / min, and the rotation speed is 10 r / min;

[0042] (5) The deposited blank is hot extruded at 750° C. The extruded blank is cold drawn to prepare a finished product, and the drawing deformation is 15%.

[0043] Embodiment 4:

[0044] A spray forming technology is used to prepare zirconium dioxide dispersion strengthened copper alloy, comprising the following steps:

[0045] (1) Electrolytic copper (mass fraction 99.99%) is melted in a vacuum melting furnace with a vacuum degree of -0.1 MPa, a melting temperature of 1150°C, and a power of 850 kW;

[0046] (2) pouring the molten copper into the tundish, and placing nano-scale zirconium oxide powder with a particle size of 15 nm in the sealed tundish;

[0047] (3) The spray chamber is evacuated to a vacuum degree of 0.5 MPa, and 99% pure nitrogen is used to atomize the copper water and zirconium dioxide powder respectively, and the atomized particles are sprayed onto the deposition plate through nozzles located opposite to each other. The atomization pressure is 1.0 MPa and the nozzle diameter is 8 mm.

[0048] (4) The rotation and lifting speed of the deposition plate are controlled by an electronic control system, with a spray distance of 300 mm, a lifting speed of 130 mm / min, and a rotation speed of 10 r / min;

[0049] (5) The deposited blank is hot extruded at 750° C. The extruded blank is cold drawn to prepare a finished product, and the drawing deformation is 15%.

[0050] The properties of the finished zirconium dioxide dispersion strengthened copper alloy in the example were tested, see Table 1.

[0051] Table 1 Performance test results of zirconium dioxide dispersion strengthened copper alloy finished products in the embodiment

[0052]

[0053] It can be seen from the data in Table 1 that the ZrO2 reinforced dispersed copper alloy prepared by spray forming in the present invention is a high-performance metal-based composite material, which can be widely used in the fields of high wear resistance and high conductivity, such as integrated circuit lead frames, resistance welding electrodes and crystallizers, etc. In addition, the ZrO2 dispersion distribution is uneven, the dispersed phase grain size is small, the process flow is short, the cost is low, and large blanks can be prepared.

[0054] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a zirconium dioxide dispersion strengthened copper alloy, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Smelting copper to obtain molten copper water, with a vacuum degree of -0.1 MPa and a smelting temperature of 1100-1200°C; Step 2: Pour the molten copper into the tundish, and place the nano-scale zirconium dioxide powder in the sealed tundish; Step 3: evacuate the spray chamber, use inert gas to atomize the copper water and nano-scale zirconium dioxide powder respectively, and spray the atomized particles onto the deposition plate to form a blank; Step 4: hot extrude the deposited blank, and then cold draw the hot-extruded blank to prepare a finished product.

2. The method for preparing zirconium dioxide dispersion strengthened copper alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 1, the mass fraction of copper is greater than or equal to 99.99%.

3. The method for preparing zirconium dioxide dispersion strengthened copper alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 2, the particle size of the nano-scale zirconium oxide powder is 10 to 20 nm.

4. The method for preparing zirconium dioxide dispersion strengthened copper alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, the vacuum degree of the injection chamber is 0.5-0.8 MPa, and the inert gas is nitrogen with a purity greater than or equal to 99%.

5. The method for preparing zirconium dioxide dispersion strengthened copper alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, the nozzles for atomizing the copper water and the nano-scale zirconium dioxide powder have the same diameter and are relatively located, the atomization pressure is 1.0-2.5 MPa, the nozzle diameter is 4-10 mm, and the spraying distance is 100-300 mm.

6. The method for preparing zirconium dioxide dispersion strengthened copper alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, the lifting speed of the deposition plate is 130-180 mm / min, and the rotation speed is 10-25 r / min.

7. The method for preparing zirconium dioxide dispersion strengthened copper alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 4, the deposited blank is hot extruded at 750-900° C., and the cold drawing deformation is 12-28%.

Images