Photovoltaic module

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and provides a photovoltaic module, which comprises a battery body having a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other; the thin grids are located on the first surface, extend in the first direction and are arranged in the second direction, each thin grid comprises a plurality of heightening parts and a thin grid body connected with the heightening parts, and in the direction perpendicular to the first surface, the ratio of the height of the heightening parts to the height of the thin grid bodies is 1.5-20. The photovoltaic module provided by the embodiment of the utility model is at least beneficial to improving the efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic module. Background Art

[0002] Solar cells are devices that directly convert light energy into electrical energy through the photoelectric effect or photochemical effect. Single solar cells cannot generate electricity directly for use as a power source. To use them as a power source, several single cells must be connected in series or in parallel and tightly packaged into a module. Solar cell modules (also called solar panels) are the core and most important part of a solar power generation system. The function of a solar cell module is to convert solar energy into electrical energy, either by storing it in a battery or by driving a load.

[0003] The cells are very fragile, and generally, adhesive films and covers are required on the upper and lower surfaces of the battery module to protect the cells. The cover is generally photovoltaic glass, which cannot be directly attached to the cells, and adhesive films are required in the middle to act as a bond. The connection between cells usually requires interconnection bars for collecting current. Conventional interconnection bars need to be welded to alloy the interconnection bars with the grid lines. Usually, the shading and conductivity between the main grid and the auxiliary grid are balanced to improve the cell efficiency and the efficiency of the cell, but there are still many factors that affect the efficiency of photovoltaic modules. Utility Model Content

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a photovoltaic module, which is at least beneficial to improving the efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0005] According to some embodiments of the present application, on the one hand, the embodiments of the present application provide a photovoltaic component, including: a battery body, the battery body having a first surface and a second surface relative to each other; a plurality of fine grids located on the first surface, the fine grids extending along a first direction and arranged along a second direction, the fine grids including a plurality of elevated portions and a fine grid body connecting the elevated portions, and in a direction perpendicular to the first surface, a ratio of a height of the elevated portion to a height of the fine grid body is 1.5 to 20.

[0006] In some embodiments, in a direction perpendicular to the first surface, a height of the elevated portion is 30 μm to 60 μm.

[0007] In some embodiments, along the first direction, the height of the elevated portion relative to the first surface first increases and then decreases.

[0008] In some embodiments, along the second direction, the width of the elevated portion is greater than or equal to the width of the fine gate body.

[0009] In some embodiments, along the second direction, the elevated portions of the plurality of fine grids are aligned; the photovoltaic component further comprises: a plurality of interconnecting strips located on the first surface, the interconnecting strips extending along the second direction and arranged along the first direction, and along the second direction, the interconnecting strips connect the elevated portions of the plurality of fine grids.

[0010] In some embodiments, the fine grids include positive fine grids and negative fine grids, and the positive fine grids and the negative fine grids are alternately arranged along the second direction; the interconnection bars include positive interconnection bars and negative interconnection bars, and along the second direction, the positive interconnection bars are electrically in contact with the elevated portions corresponding to the plurality of positive fine grids, and the negative interconnection bars are electrically in contact with the elevated portions corresponding to the plurality of negative fine grids, and the photovoltaic module also includes: a plurality of insulating layers located on the first surface, the insulating layers covering the surface of the fine grids, the insulating layers located between the positive interconnection bars and the negative fine grids, and the insulating layers are also located between the negative interconnection bars and the positive fine grids.

[0011] In some embodiments, in a direction perpendicular to the first surface, a height of the elevated portion is higher than or flush with an overall height of the insulating layer and the fine gate body.

[0012] In some embodiments, along the first direction, the width of the elevated portion is greater than or equal to the width of the interconnection strip.

[0013] In some embodiments, along the first direction, the width of the elevated portion is greater than or equal to 2 mm.

[0014] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module further includes: an encapsulation layer, the encapsulation layer covers the surface of the battery body; and a cover plate, the cover plate covers the surface of the encapsulation layer away from the battery body.

[0015] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application has at least the following advantages:

[0016] In the photovoltaic module provided by the embodiment of the present application, the first surface of the battery body has a plurality of fine grids, and the fine grids can absorb carriers in the battery body, wherein, along the extension direction of the fine grid, the fine grid includes a plurality of heightened portions and a fine grid body connected to the heightened portions, and along the direction perpendicular to the first surface, the height of the heightened portion is higher than the height of the fine grid body, so that when a main grid or an interconnection bar is arranged on the surface of the battery body, the heightened portion can be in electrical contact with the main grid or the interconnection bar, so as to avoid the problem that the fine grid cannot be electrically connected to the interconnection bar due to the small size of the fine grid as a whole. Since the height of the heightened portion of the fine grid is relatively high and the height of the fine grid body of the fine grid is relatively low, it can be avoided that the fine grid blocks sunlight due to the high height of the fine grid as a whole, and it is beneficial to keep the battery body having a relatively high light absorption area while keeping the fine grid electrically connected to the main grid or the interconnection bar, thereby facilitating the improvement of the light absorption efficiency of the photovoltaic module. In addition, the ratio of the height of the raised portion to the height of the fine grid body is 1.5 to 20, which can avoid the problem of missing fine grids due to excessive height difference between the raised portion and the fine grid body, which is beneficial to improving the yield of photovoltaic modules. At the same time, it can also avoid the blocking of sunlight due to the height of the raised portion being too high, thereby improving the light absorption efficiency of photovoltaic modules. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] One or more embodiments are exemplarily illustrated by the pictures in the corresponding drawings. These exemplified descriptions do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the pictures in the drawings do not constitute a scale limitation. In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the traditional technology, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 A top view corresponding to a first surface of a battery body provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the first cross-sectional structure along the AA1 direction;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the second cross-sectional structure along the AA1 direction;

[0021] Figure 4 A partially enlarged top view of a fine grid provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the third cross-sectional structure along the AA1 direction;

[0023] Figure 6 A top view corresponding to a first surface of another battery body provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the BB1 ​​direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] Analysis shows that in photovoltaic technology, the positive and negative electrodes of two adjacent cells are usually connected to form a cell string through an interconnection bar, and then the cell string is arranged in a certain way for circuit connection, and then packaged with packaging materials to form a photovoltaic module. Usually, the fine grids on the cell are first connected through the main grid, and then the main grid and the interconnection bar are welded to achieve the connection between adjacent cells; or, the fine grids on adjacent cells can be directly electrically connected through the interconnection bar to form a busbar-free structure, reduce the laying of the main grid line, and reduce the manufacturing cost of the cell.

[0026] However, to prevent the fine grid from blocking light, the size of the fine grid is usually small, which can easily lead to the main grid or welding ribbon being unable to contact the fine grid, resulting in the problem that the carriers on the fine grid cannot be collected, causing the efficiency of the photovoltaic module to decrease.

[0027] In the photovoltaic module provided by the embodiment of the present application, the first surface of the battery body has a plurality of fine grids, and the fine grids can absorb carriers in the battery body, wherein, along the extension direction of the fine grid, the fine grid includes a plurality of heightened portions and a fine grid body connected to the heightened portions, and along the direction perpendicular to the first surface, the height of the heightened portion is higher than the height of the fine grid body, so that when a main grid or an interconnection bar is arranged on the surface of the battery body, the heightened portion can be in electrical contact with the main grid or the interconnection bar, so as to avoid the problem that the fine grid cannot be electrically connected to the interconnection bar due to the small size of the fine grid as a whole. Since the height of the heightened portion of the fine grid is relatively high and the height of the fine grid body of the fine grid is relatively low, it can be avoided that the fine grid blocks sunlight due to the high height of the fine grid as a whole, and it is beneficial to keep the battery body having a relatively high light absorption area while keeping the fine grid electrically connected to the main grid or the interconnection bar, thereby facilitating the improvement of the light absorption efficiency of the photovoltaic module. In addition, the ratio of the height of the raised portion to the height of the fine grid body is 1.5 to 20, which can avoid the problem of missing fine grids due to excessive height difference between the raised portion and the fine grid body, which is beneficial to improving the yield of photovoltaic modules. At the same time, it can also avoid the blocking of sunlight due to the height of the raised portion being too high, thereby improving the light absorption efficiency of photovoltaic modules.

[0028] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0029] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0030] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0031] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0032] In the accompanying drawings corresponding to the embodiments of the present application, the thickness and area of ​​the layer are magnified for better understanding and ease of description. When describing a component (such as a layer, film, region or substrate) on another component or on the surface of another component, the component can be "directly" located on the surface of another component, or there can be a third component between the two components. On the contrary, when describing a component on the surface of another component or when another component is formed or provided on the surface of a component, it means that there is no third component between the two components. In addition, when describing a component as "substantially" formed on another component, it means that the component is not formed on the entire surface (or front surface) of the other component, nor is it formed on a partial edge of the entire surface.

[0033] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, when a component "includes" another component, unless otherwise specified, other components are not excluded, and other components may be further included. In addition, when a component such as a layer, film, region, or plate is referred to as being "on / located on" another component, it may be "directly on" the other component (i.e., located on the surface of the other component with no other components between them), or another component may exist in between. In addition, when a component such as a layer, film, region, or plate is "directly located on" another component, or when a component such as a layer, film, region, or plate is located on the surface of another component, it means that no other components are located in between.

[0034] The terms used in the description of the various embodiments described herein are only used to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to be limiting. As used in the description of the various embodiments described and in the appended claims, "component" is also intended to include the plural form unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Among them, components include components such as layers, films, regions, or plates.

[0035] The following will describe the various embodiments of the present application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in the various embodiments of the present application, many technical details are provided in order to enable the reader to better understand the present application. However, even without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments, the technical solution claimed in the present application can be implemented.

[0036] Figure 1 A top view corresponding to a first surface of a battery body provided in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the first cross-sectional structure along direction AA1.

[0037] According to some embodiments of the present application, on the one hand, a photovoltaic module is provided, and the photovoltaic module includes: Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a battery body 100 and a plurality of fine grids 200, the battery body 100 having a first surface 101 and a second surface 102 opposite to each other, the plurality of fine grids 200 being located on the first surface 101 of the battery body 100, the fine grids 200 extending along a first direction X and arranged along a second direction Y, the fine grids 200 comprising a plurality of heightened portions 201 and a fine grid body 202 connected to the heightened portions 201, and in a direction perpendicular to the first surface 101, a ratio of a height H1 of the heightened portion 201 to a height H2 of the fine grid body 202 is 1.5 to 20.

[0038] In the photovoltaic module provided in the embodiment of the present application, the first surface 101 of the battery body 100 has a plurality of fine grids 200, and the fine grids 200 can absorb carriers in the battery body 100, wherein, along the extension direction of the fine grid 200, the fine grid 200 includes a plurality of elevated portions 201 and a fine grid body 202 connected to the elevated portions 201, and along the direction perpendicular to the first surface 101, the height H1 of the elevated portion 201 is higher than the height H2 of the fine grid body 202, so that when a main grid or an interconnecting bar is arranged on the surface of the battery body 100, the elevated portion 201 can be in electrical contact with the main grid or the interconnecting bar, so as to avoid the problem that the fine grid 200 cannot be electrically connected to the interconnecting bar due to the small size of the entire fine grid 200. Since the height of the heightened portion 201 of the fine grid 200 is relatively high, and the height of the fine grid body 202 of the fine grid 200 is relatively low, it is possible to avoid the fine grid 200 blocking sunlight due to the overall high height, and it is beneficial to keep the battery body 100 with a relatively high light absorption area while maintaining the fine grid 200 being electrically connected to the main grid or the interconnection bar, thereby facilitating the improvement of the light absorption efficiency of the photovoltaic module. In addition, the ratio of the height H1 of the heightened portion 201 to the height H2 of the fine grid body 202 is 1.5 to 20, which can avoid the problem of easy missing of the fine grid 200 due to the excessive height difference between the heightened portion 201 and the fine grid body 202, which is beneficial to improving the yield of the photovoltaic module, and at the same time, it can also avoid the height H1 of the heightened portion 201 being too high to block sunlight, thereby improving the light absorption efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0039] In some embodiments, the ratio of the height H1 of the elevated portion 201 to the height H2 of the fine gate body 202 may be 1.5-2, 2-5, 5-9, 9-12, 12-16, 16-18, or 18-20.

[0040] In some embodiments, in the direction perpendicular to the first surface 101, the height H1 of the elevated portion 201 may be 30 μm to 60 μm, for example, the height H1 of the elevated portion 201 may be 30 μm to 34 μm, 34 μm to 41 μm, 41 μm to 45 μm, 45 μm to 56 μm or 56 μm to 60 μm. It is understood that the height of the elevated portion 201 is increased relative to the fine grid body 202 to facilitate the fine grid 200 to be in electrical contact with the interconnection bar through the elevated portion 201, however, the height H1 of the elevated portion 201 still needs to be within an appropriate range to avoid the problem of the elevated portion 201 blocking sunlight, thereby facilitating the photovoltaic module to maintain good light absorption efficiency.

[0041] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the second cross-sectional structure along direction AA1.

[0042] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3, along the first direction X, the height of the heightened portion 201 relative to the first surface 101 increases first and then decreases. In this way, along the length direction of the fine grid 200, the height of the heightened portion 201 transitions smoothly, which is beneficial to the printing of the fine grid 200, avoids the problem of uneven printing of the fine grid 200 due to the sudden change in the height of the heightened portion 201, and improves the yield rate of the photovoltaic module.

[0043] exist Figure 3 In the embodiment, the cross section of the heightened portion 201 is a semicircular shape. In some embodiments, the cross section of the heightened portion may also be a trapezoid, so as to form a trend that the height of the heightened portion relative to the first surface increases first and then decreases.

[0044] Figure 4 A partially enlarged top view of a fine grid provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0045] In some embodiments, reference Figure 4 , along the second direction Y, the width of the heightened portion 201 is greater than or equal to the width of the fine grid body 202. When the fine grids 200 are connected through the interconnection bar, the interconnection bar covers the surface of the heightened portion 201. Setting the width of the heightened portion 201 to be greater than the width of the fine grid body 202 can help increase the contact area between the interconnection bar and the heightened portion 201, thereby improving the welding stability between the heightened portion 201 and the interconnection bar, and further helping to improve the electrical transmission efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0046] In some embodiments, in conjunction with reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 , along the second direction Y, the heightened portions 210 of the plurality of fine grids 200 are aligned. The photovoltaic module also includes: a plurality of interconnection bars 300 located on the first surface 101, the interconnection bars 300 extend along the second direction Y and are arranged along the first direction X, and along the second direction Y, the interconnection bars 300 connect the heightened portions 201 of the plurality of fine grids 200. The heightened portions 201 can reduce the gap between the interconnection bars 300 and the fine grids 200, and the top surface of the heightened portions 201 is in full electrical contact with the interconnection bars 300, which can avoid the problem of disconnection between the interconnection bars 300 and the fine grids 200 due to the size difference. In addition, by directly electrically contacting the heightened portions 201 of the plurality of fine grids 200 through the interconnection bars 300, a main grid-free structure can be formed, which reduces the laying of main grid lines and reduces the manufacturing cost of the cell; the design without main grids can also shorten the carrier transport path and reduce the series resistance, thereby increasing the front light receiving area and improving the module power.

[0047] In some embodiments, the interconnection bar 300 may be directly welded to the elevated portion 201 of the fine grid 200 using a welding process.

[0048] In some embodiments, the interconnection bar 300 may be a low melting point solder strip, so that the temperature of the lamination process can be used to promote the melting of the interconnection bar 300, thereby forming a metallized alloy between the interconnection bar 300 and the elevated portion 201 of the fine grid 200 to achieve welding.

[0049] It should be noted that in the drawings provided in this embodiment, the cross-section of the interconnection bar 300 is taken as a circular shape, which does not constitute a limitation on the cross-sectional shape of the interconnection bar 300. In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the interconnection bar 300 can also be an ellipse, rectangle, trapezoid or other polygon.

[0050] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the third cross-sectional structure along direction AA1.

[0051] In some embodiments, reference Figure 5 , the second surface 102 of the battery body 100 also has a plurality of fine grids 200, wherein the fine grids 200 located on the first surface 101 of the battery body 100 are first fine grids 210, and the fine grids 200 located on the second surface 102 of the battery body 100 are second fine grids 220, and the first fine grids 210 and the second fine grids 220 have different polarities. Correspondingly, the second surface 102 of the battery body 100 may also have a plurality of interconnection bars 300, wherein the interconnection bars 300 located on the first surface 101 of the battery body 100 are first interconnection bars 301, and the interconnection bars 300 located on the second surface 102 of the battery body 100 are second interconnection bars 302, the first interconnection bars 301 are in electrical contact with the heightened portions 201 of the plurality of first fine grids 210, and the second interconnection bars 302 are in electrical contact with the heightened portions 201 of the plurality of second fine grids 220. As such, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery body 100 are respectively located on the first surface 101 and the second surface 102 of the battery body 100 .

[0052] Among them, the battery body 100 can be one of a PERC battery (Passivated Emitter and Rear Cell), a PERT battery (Passivated Emitter and Rear Totally-diffused cell), a TOPCon battery (Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact), and a HIT / HJT battery (Heterojunction Technology).

[0053] Figure 6 A top view corresponding to a first surface of another battery body provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the BB1 ​​direction.

[0054] In some embodiments, in conjunction with reference Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the fine grid 200 may include a positive fine grid 230 and a negative fine grid 240, and the positive fine grid 230 and the negative fine grid 240 are alternately arranged along the second direction Y. Correspondingly, the interconnection bar 300 may include a positive interconnection bar 303 and a negative interconnection bar 304, and along the second direction Y, the positive interconnection bar 303 is in electrical contact with the elevated portions 201 corresponding to the plurality of positive fine grids 230, and the negative interconnection bar 304 is in electrical contact with the elevated portions 201 corresponding to the plurality of negative fine grids 240. The photovoltaic module may also include: a plurality of insulating layers 400 located on the first surface 101, the insulating layers 400 cover the surface of the fine grid 200, the insulating layers 400 are located between the positive interconnection bar 303 and the negative fine grid 240, and the insulating layers 400 are also located between the negative interconnection bar 304 and the positive fine grid 230.

[0055] exist Figure 6 In the embodiment, taking the negative electrode fine grid 240 as an example, the heightened portion 201 of the negative electrode fine grid 240 is in electrical contact with the negative electrode interconnection bar 304 of the corresponding polarity, and the positive electrode interconnection bar 303 located on the fine grid body 202 of the negative electrode fine grid 240 is insulated from the negative electrode fine grid 240 by the insulating layer 400, thereby avoiding the problem of short circuit between the positive electrode interconnection bar 303 and the negative electrode fine grid 240. In this way, the battery body 100 forms a main grid-free structure of a BC battery (Back Contact).

[0056] In some embodiments, the insulating layer 400 can be an insulating glue. In this way, the insulating layer 400 can not only isolate the positive electrode interconnection bar 303 from the negative electrode fine grid 240 and isolate the negative electrode interconnection bar 304 from the positive electrode fine grid 230, but also fix the positive electrode interconnection bar 303 and the negative electrode interconnection bar 304 on the first surface 101 of the battery body 100 to improve the stability of the relative position of the interconnection bar 300 on the first surface 101 of the battery body 100.

[0057] In some embodiments, in a direction perpendicular to the first surface 101, the height of the elevated portion 201 is higher than or flush with the overall height of the insulating layer 400 and the fine grid body 202. It is understandable that in the second direction Y, an insulating layer 400 located on the fine grid body 202 corresponding to the negative fine grid 204 is provided between the elevated portions 201 corresponding to adjacent positive fine grids 203. When the height of the elevated portion 201 is higher than or flush with the overall height of the insulating layer 400 and the fine grid body 202, the elevated portion 201 can be facilitated to contact with the interconnection bar 300, thereby avoiding the problem that the interconnection bar 300 cannot be electrically contacted with the elevated portion 201 after the insulating layer 400 raises the interconnection bar 300.

[0058] It should be noted that the height of the elevated portion 201 refers to the distance between the highest point of the elevated portion 201 away from the top surface of the battery body 101 and the first surface 101, with the first surface 101 as the reference surface. The overall height of the insulating layer 400 and the fine grid body 202 refers to the distance between the highest point of the insulating layer 400 away from the top surface of the fine grid body 202 and the first surface 101, when the insulating layer 400 covers the fine grid body 202, with the first surface 101 as the reference surface. The height of the elevated portion 201 is higher than or flush with the overall height of the insulating layer 400 and the fine grid body 202, and refers to the relationship between the highest point of the top surface of the elevated portion 201 and the highest point of the top surface of the insulating layer 400, with the first surface 101 as the reference surface.

[0059] In some embodiments, along the first direction X, the width of the heightened portion 201 is greater than or equal to the width of the interconnection bar 300. It is understandable that the top surface of the heightened portion 201 is in electrical contact with the interconnection bar 300. When the width of the heightened portion 201 is greater than or equal to the width of the interconnection bar 300, it is beneficial to increase the contact area between the interconnection bar 300 and the heightened portion 201, reduce the contact resistance between the interconnection bar 300 and the heightened portion 201, and improve the electrical transmission efficiency and power of the photovoltaic module.

[0060] In some embodiments, along the first direction X, the width of the elevated portion 201 is greater than or equal to 2 mm. For example, the width of the elevated portion 201 may be 2 mm, 2.3 mm, 2.5 mm, 2.6 mm, 3 mm, 3.5 mm or 4 mm.

[0061] In some embodiments, the battery body 100 can also be a monocrystalline silicon solar cell, a polycrystalline silicon solar cell, an amorphous silicon solar cell or a multi-compound solar cell. The multi-compound solar cell can specifically be a cadmium sulfide solar cell, a gallium arsenide solar cell, a copper indium selenide solar cell or a perovskite solar cell.

[0062] In some embodiments, the battery body may include a first passivation layer, a substrate, and a second passivation layer stacked in sequence, the surface of the first passivation layer away from the substrate being the first surface, the surface of the second passivation layer away from the substrate being the second surface, and the fine grid may penetrate the first passivation layer and electrically contact the substrate. The substrate is used to receive incident light and generate photogenerated carriers, the fine grid is used to collect photogenerated carriers, and the first passivation layer and the second passivation layer may prevent oxidation or corrosion of the substrate surface to improve the stability and life of the battery body.

[0063] In some embodiments, the material of the first passivation layer may include at least one of aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, or silicon oxynitride. The first passivation layer may be a single-layer structure or a stacked-layer structure, for example, the single-layer structure may be a single-layer aluminum oxide film layer, a single-layer silicon oxide film layer, a single-layer silicon nitride film layer, or a single-layer silicon oxynitride film layer; the stacked-layer structure may be composed of at least two film layers stacked among an aluminum oxide film layer, a silicon oxide film layer, a silicon nitride film layer, or a silicon oxynitride film layer.

[0064] In some embodiments, the material of the second passivation layer may include at least one of aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, or silicon oxynitride. The second passivation layer may be a single-layer structure or a stacked-layer structure, for example, the single-layer structure may be a single-layer aluminum oxide film layer, a single-layer silicon oxide film layer, a single-layer silicon nitride film layer, or a single-layer silicon oxynitride film layer; the stacked-layer structure may be composed of at least two film layers stacked among an aluminum oxide film layer, a silicon oxide film layer, a silicon nitride film layer, or a silicon oxynitride film layer.

[0065] In some embodiments, when both the first surface and the second surface of the battery body have fine grids, the fine grid located on the first surface of the battery body is a first fine grid, and the fine grid located on the second surface of the battery body is a second fine grid, wherein the first fine grid penetrates the first passivation layer and is in electrical contact with the substrate, and the second fine grid penetrates the second passivation layer and is in electrical contact with the substrate.

[0066] In some embodiments, the substrate may have an emitter, and the emitter may be located on the surface of the substrate adjacent to the first passivation layer and in contact with the first passivation layer, or the emitter may be located on the surface of the substrate adjacent to the second passivation layer and in contact with the second passivation layer. The doping element type of the emitter is opposite to the doping element type in the substrate. For example, if the doping element in the substrate is a P-type doping element, the doping element in the emitter is an N-type doping element; if the doping element in the substrate is an N-type doping element, the doping element in the emitter is a P-type doping element, thus forming a PN junction with the substrate. The PN junction can receive incident light irradiated to the surface of the substrate and generate electron-hole pairs. For example, when the substrate is an N-type substrate, the separated electrons move into the substrate, and the separated holes move into the emitter, thus forming a current.

[0067] In some embodiments, the substrate may be an N-type semiconductor substrate or a P-type semiconductor substrate. The N-type semiconductor substrate is doped with an N-type doping element, which may be any one of the V-group elements such as phosphorus (P), bismuth (Bi), antimony (Sb), or arsenic (As). The P-type semiconductor substrate is doped with a P-type element, which may be any one of the III-group elements such as boron (B), aluminum (Al), gallium (Ga), or indium (In).

[0068] In some embodiments, the material of the substrate may be at least one of single crystal silicon, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, or microcrystalline silicon.

[0069] In some embodiments, at least one side surface of the substrate may have a velvet structure, such as a pyramid-structured velvet. In this way, the velvet structure can enhance the substrate's absorption utilization rate of incident light, thereby facilitating the improvement of the light conversion efficiency of the cell. If the solar cell is a single-sided cell, the velvet surface can be formed only on one side of the substrate, and the other side surface of the substrate can be a polished surface, that is, the polished surface of the substrate is flatter than the velvet surface. It should be noted that for single-sided cells, velvet can also be formed on both sides of the substrate. If the solar cell is a double-sided cell, velvet can be formed on both sides of the substrate.

[0070] In some embodiments, the cell body may further include a tunneling layer located on the surface of the substrate and a doped conductive layer located on the surface of the tunneling layer, wherein the tunneling layer is located on the side surface of the substrate away from the emitter, and the doped conductive layer is located on the surface of the tunneling layer away from the substrate. The tunneling layer and the doped conductive layer are used to form a passivation contact structure, and the tunneling layer can play a chemical passivation effect. Due to the presence of interface state defects on the substrate surface, the tunneling layer can saturate the dangling bonds on the substrate surface, reduce the defect state density on the substrate surface, and reduce the recombination center on the substrate surface to reduce the carrier recombination rate, so that the interface state density on the substrate surface is relatively large. The increase in the interface state density will promote the recombination of photogenerated carriers, increase the fill factor, short-circuit current and open-circuit voltage of the solar cell, so as to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell; the doped conductive layer can have a field passivation effect, and the doped conductive layer can form an electrostatic field, so that the minority carriers escape from the interface, reduce the concentration of the minority carriers, so that the carrier recombination rate at the substrate interface is relatively low, and the open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current and fill factor of the solar cell are increased, so as to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

[0071] The material of the tunneling layer may include at least one of silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, silicon carbide, or magnesium fluoride.

[0072] The material of the doped conductive layer can be at least one of amorphous silicon, polycrystalline silicon or silicon carbide. The doped conductive layer has the same doping element as the substrate. If the doping element type of the substrate is P-type, the doping element type in the doped conductive layer is also P-type; if the doping element type of the substrate is N-type, the doping element type in the doped conductive layer is also N-type.

[0073] In some embodiments, when the fine grid on the first surface of the battery body includes a positive electrode fine grid and a negative electrode fine grid, that is, when the battery body is a back-contact battery, the positive electrode fine grid and the negative electrode fine grid both penetrate the first passivation layer and contact the substrate, wherein a positive electrode doping region and a negative electrode doping region are also spaced apart between the substrate and the first passivation layer, and the type of doping elements in the positive electrode doping region is different from the type of doping elements in the negative electrode doping region, the positive electrode fine grid penetrates the first passivation layer and is in electrical contact with the positive electrode doping region, and the negative electrode fine grid penetrates the first passivation layer and is in electrical contact with the negative electrode doping region.

[0074] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module further includes: an encapsulation layer, the encapsulation layer covers the surface of the battery body; and a cover plate, the cover plate covers the surface of the encapsulation layer away from the battery body.

[0075] In some embodiments, the material of the encapsulation layer may be an organic encapsulation film such as ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) film, polyethylene octene elastomer (POE) film or polyvinyl butyral (PVB) film.

[0076] In some embodiments, the cover plate may be a glass cover plate, a plastic cover plate or the like with light-transmitting function. In some embodiments, the surface of the cover plate facing the encapsulation layer may be a concave-convex surface, thereby increasing the utilization rate of the incident light.

[0077] In the photovoltaic module provided in the embodiment of the present application, the first surface 101 of the battery body 100 has a plurality of fine grids 200, and the fine grids 200 can absorb carriers in the battery body 100, wherein, along the extension direction of the fine grid 200, the fine grid 200 includes a plurality of elevated portions 201 and a fine grid body 202 connected to the elevated portions 201, and along the direction perpendicular to the first surface 101, the height H1 of the elevated portion 201 is higher than the height H2 of the fine grid body 202, so that when a main grid or an interconnecting bar is arranged on the surface of the battery body 100, the elevated portion 201 can be in electrical contact with the main grid or the interconnecting bar, so as to avoid the problem that the fine grid 200 cannot be electrically connected to the interconnecting bar due to the small size of the entire fine grid 200. Since the height of the heightened portion 201 of the fine grid 200 is relatively high, and the height of the fine grid body 202 of the fine grid 200 is relatively low, it is possible to avoid the fine grid 200 blocking sunlight due to the overall high height, and it is beneficial to keep the battery body 100 with a relatively high light absorption area while maintaining the fine grid 200 being electrically connected to the main grid or the interconnection bar, thereby facilitating the improvement of the light absorption efficiency of the photovoltaic module. In addition, the ratio of the height H1 of the heightened portion 201 to the height H2 of the fine grid body 202 is 1.5 to 20, which can avoid the problem of easy missing of the fine grid 200 due to the excessive height difference between the heightened portion 201 and the fine grid body 202, which is beneficial to improving the yield of the photovoltaic module, and at the same time, it can also avoid the height H1 of the heightened portion 201 being too high to block sunlight, thereby improving the light absorption efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0078] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above-mentioned embodiments are specific examples for implementing the present application, and in practical applications, various changes may be made to the embodiments in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Any person skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and therefore the scope of protection of the present application shall be subject to the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: include: A battery body having a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other; A plurality of fine grids are located on the first surface, the fine grids extend along a first direction and are arranged along a second direction, the fine grids include a plurality of elevated portions and a fine grid body connected to the elevated portions, and in a direction perpendicular to the first surface, a ratio of a height of the elevated portions to a height of the fine grid body is 1.5 to 20.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: In a direction perpendicular to the first surface, the height of the elevated portion is 30 μm to 60 μm.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the first direction, the height of the elevated portion relative to the first surface first increases and then decreases.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the second direction, the width of the elevated portion is greater than or equal to the width of the fine gate body.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the second direction, the elevated portions of the plurality of fine grids are aligned and arranged; the photovoltaic assembly further comprises: A plurality of interconnection bars are located on the first surface, the interconnection bars extend along the second direction and are arranged along the first direction, and along the second direction, the interconnection bars connect the elevated portions of a plurality of the fine grids.

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fine grids include positive fine grids and negative fine grids, and the positive fine grids and the negative fine grids are alternately arranged along the second direction; the interconnection bars include positive interconnection bars and negative interconnection bars, and along the second direction, the positive interconnection bars are in electrical contact with the elevated portions corresponding to the plurality of positive fine grids, and the negative interconnection bars are in electrical contact with the elevated portions corresponding to the plurality of negative fine grids, and the photovoltaic module further includes: A plurality of insulating layers are located on the first surface, wherein the insulating layers cover the surface of the fine grid, the insulating layers are located between the positive electrode interconnection bar and the negative electrode fine grid, and the insulating layers are also located between the negative electrode interconnection bar and the positive electrode fine grid.

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that: In a direction perpendicular to the first surface, a height of the elevated portion is higher than or flush with an overall height of the insulating layer and the fine gate body.

8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 5, characterized in that: Along the first direction, the width of the heightened portion is greater than or equal to the width of the interconnection strip.

9. The photovoltaic module according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the first direction, the width of the elevated portion is greater than or equal to 2 mm.

10. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: An encapsulation layer, the encapsulation layer covers the surface of the battery body; A cover plate covers a surface of the packaging layer away from the battery body.

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