Deep ring groove milling cutter
By designing the complex structure of the deep ring groove milling cutter, including spiral chip drain and cooling runner, the problem of insufficient cooling and chip drain performance of the deep ring groove milling cutter in the prior art is solved, and efficient and stable processing of the deep ring groove is achieved and increase the strength of the knife body.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420138851.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-01-18
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-13
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-01-18
AI Technical Summary
The existing ring groove milling cutters are insufficiently cooled and chip removal are not smooth when processing deep ring grooves, resulting in excessive cutting force, unreliable cutting structure, easy to break, and cannot meet the processing requirements of deep ring grooves.
A deep ring groove milling cutter is designed, including two blades and a complex cooling runner structure, spiral chip drain and processing give way notch, ensuring that the coolant reaches the processing position, improving cooling and chip drain performance, and reducing the tool body's burden. Cutting force enhances the strength of the tool body.
It realizes efficient and stable processing of deep ring grooves, improves cooling and chip removal performance, reduces processing difficulty, prevents tool body from breaking, and meets the processing requirements of deep ring grooves.
Smart Images
Figure CN222154048U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to a mechanical tool, in particular to a deep annular groove milling cutter. Background Art
[0002] Deep ring grooves rarely appear on various parts, so they are not taken seriously and are difficult to process. Conventional ring groove milling cutters can only process shallow ring grooves. Since the machine tool cooling water pipe is used to flush water to the parts for cooling, deep ring grooves will cause poor chip removal and insufficient cooling. In addition, the number of inserts installed in ordinary ring groove milling cutters is large. Processing deep ring grooves will cause the cutter body structure to be unstable and easy to break due to the large number of cutting edges and excessive cutting force. Processing deep ring grooves must ensure sufficient cooling, timely chip removal, and control of the cutting force on the cutter body. There must be no tool jamming, otherwise the tool will easily break and the product will be scrapped. Based on such problems, it is necessary to innovate the structural design of ring groove milling cutters: it must be able to process stably and efficiently, and can also remove chips in time and provide sufficient cooling to meet the processing requirements of such products.
[0003] CN218745105U discloses a special milling cutter assembly for milling cylindrical tables and circular annular grooves, comprising a cutter shaft, a cutter bar, an adjusting block and a cutter head. The cutter shaft is fixedly connected to a CNC machine tool spindle, a groove is opened in the center of the cutter shaft, a locking cutter groove is opened in a ring array on the inner wall of the groove, a cutter bar is clamped in the locking cutter groove, an adjusting block is clamped between the cutter bar and the locking cutter groove, and the cutter shaft, the adjusting block and the cutter bar are locked and positioned by a locking screw, and all the lower ends of the cutter bars are provided with a limiting groove, and the cutter head is limited and locked in the limiting groove by a screw. The special milling cutter assembly uses a center groove method to leave a processing space for processing a cylinder or a circular annular groove, and all the cutter heads only need to implement milling processing once for the margin of the outer space of the circle, and each milling can also complete the processing of the circular annular groove. This type of tool is used to directly implement single-pass linear milling, and a cylindrical structure is formed once. If the width of the cutter head is equal to the width of the circular annular groove, the circular annular groove structure can also be formed once, thereby improving the roundness and radial runout accuracy. Undoubtedly, the technical solution disclosed in the above patent document is a beneficial attempt in the relevant technical field. However, when processing deep annular grooves, the cooling and chip removal performance of the special milling cutter assembly cannot meet the processing requirements. Utility Model Content
[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a deep ring groove milling cutter, which can perform efficient and stable processing and can also improve the cooling performance and chip removal performance.
[0005] A deep annular groove milling cutter in the utility model comprises a cutter body and two blades, wherein the cutter body comprises a mounting shaft, a barrel seat and a sleeve connected in sequence from top to bottom, a downwardly opening clearance cavity is arranged inside the sleeve, two spiral chip removal grooves for connecting the clearance cavity with the outside are arranged on the sleeve, and a blade is respectively arranged at the lower opening of the two spiral chip removal grooves, wherein one blade radially extends inwardly into the clearance cavity and protrudes axially downward from the sleeve, and the other blade protrudes radially outwardly from the sleeve and protrudes axially downward from the sleeve; a cooling channel is arranged inside the cutter body, the inlet of the cooling channel is located on the mounting shaft, and the outlet of the cooling channel faces the blade.
[0006] Furthermore, a machined clearance notch is provided at the lower opening of the spiral chip flute, and the machined clearance notch and the blade are respectively located on two different sides of the spiral chip flute.
[0007] Furthermore, the two spiral chip removal grooves are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the sleeve.
[0008] Furthermore, the cooling channel includes a first axial channel, a radial channel, two second axial channels and two oblique channels; the upper end of the first axial channel is connected to the outside to form an inlet of the cooling channel; the lower end of the first axial channel is connected to the middle of the radial channel, the radial channel penetrates along the radial direction of the cylinder seat, and the two ends of the radial channel are respectively blocked by plugs; the upper ends of the two second axial channels are connected to the radial channel, the lower ends of the two second axial channels are respectively exposed from one of the processed clearance notches and connected to the outside, and the lower ends of the two second axial channels are respectively blocked by plugs; the head ends of the two oblique channels are respectively connected to one of the second axial channels, and the ends of the two oblique channels are respectively facing the blade to form an outlet of the cooling channel.
[0009] Furthermore, the extension lines of the central axes of the two oblique flow channels pass through one of the blades respectively.
[0010] Furthermore, the inner wall and the outer wall of the sleeve are both in the shape of a truncated cone, the generatrix of the inner wall of the sleeve is an oblique line gradually approaching the central axis of the sleeve from top to bottom, and the generatrix of the outer wall of the sleeve is an oblique line gradually away from the central axis of the sleeve from top to bottom.
[0011] Furthermore, an angle γ between a generatrix of an inner wall of the sleeve and a central axis of the sleeve is 0.8°-1.2°, and an angle β between a generatrix of an outer wall of the sleeve and a central axis of the sleeve is 0.4°-0.6°.
[0012] Furthermore, the lower end surface of the sleeve is divided into two discontinuous inclined surfaces by two spiral chip removal grooves, and the angle α between the inclined surfaces and the horizontal plane is 4°-6°.
[0013] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
[0014] (1) The utility model can process the bottom wall, inner ring side wall and outer ring side wall of the deep annular groove by reasonably setting the positions of the two blades. It is not necessary to process a large number of installation structures for installing the blades on the cutter body, which can ensure the overall strength of the cutter body, prevent tool vibration and cutter body breakage during processing, and ensure that the deep annular groove milling cutter can process efficiently and stably. During the processing, since the two spiral chip removal grooves are radially connected, the two spiral chip removal grooves open downward and extend upward to the upper part of the sleeve, the chip removal performance is greatly improved. In addition, the coolant can be sprayed toward the blade through the cooling flow channels in the cutter body, ensuring that the coolant can directly reach the processing position of the deep annular groove, improving the cooling performance, and the chip removal performance can be further improved by relying on the flow of coolant.
[0015] (2) The utility model reduces the processing difficulty of the deep annular groove milling cutter by setting a processing clearance gap and rationally designing the structure of the cooling channel;
[0016] (3) The utility model ensures that there is enough clearance between the inner ring of the deep annular groove and the inner wall of the sleeve by making the inner wall and the outer wall of the sleeve both present a truncated cone side surface, thereby preventing the shaft body formed by the inner ring of the deep annular groove from interfering with the cutter body, and ensures that there is enough clearance between the outer ring of the deep annular groove and the outer wall of the sleeve, thereby preventing the outer ring of the deep annular groove from interfering with the cutter body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and beneficial effects of the utility model clearer, the utility model is described with the following drawings:
[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model (the dotted line represents the cooling channel);
[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model (the dotted line represents the invisible outline of the entity due to occlusion);
[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;
[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model (the blade in the perspective extends radially inward into the clearance cavity and protrudes axially downward from the sleeve);
[0022] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model (the blade in the perspective is protruding outwardly from the sleeve radially and protruding downwardly from the sleeve axially);
[0023] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the utility model (the cutting position is located at the spiral chip groove);
[0024] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the utility model (the cut position is located at the second axial flow channel);
[0025] Figure 8 This is the deep ring groove after machining.
[0026] The following are marked in the accompanying drawings:
[0027] 1- tool body, 11- mounting shaft, 12- cartridge seat, 13- sleeve, 14- clearance cavity, 15- spiral chip removal groove, 16- cooling flow channel, 161- first axial flow channel, 162- radial flow channel, 163- second axial flow channel, 164- oblique flow channel, 17- plug, 18- machining clearance notch, 19- inclined surface;
[0028] 2-Blade;
[0029] 31-inner ring side wall, 32-bottom wall, 33-outer ring side wall. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0030] The technical solution of the utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0031] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, a deep annular groove milling cutter in this embodiment includes a cutter body 1 and two blades 2. The cutter body 1 includes a mounting shaft 11, a cartridge seat 12 and a sleeve 13 connected in sequence from top to bottom. A downwardly opening clearance cavity 14 is provided inside the sleeve 13. Two spiral chip removal grooves 15 for connecting the clearance cavity 14 with the outside are provided on the sleeve 13. One blade 2 is respectively installed at the lower opening of the two spiral chip removal grooves 15. Figure 4 As shown, one of the blades 2 extends radially inwardly into the clearance cavity 14 and protrudes axially downward from the sleeve 13, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, the other blade 2 protrudes radially outward from the sleeve 13 and axially downward from the sleeve 13; Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, a cooling channel 16 is provided inside the cutter body 1 , the inlet of the cooling channel 16 is located on the mounting shaft 11 , and the outlet of the cooling channel 16 faces the blade 2 .
[0032] like Figure 8As shown, after the deep annular groove is processed, the inner ring of the deep annular groove will form a shaft body. When processing the deep annular groove, the mounting shaft 11 is used to connect with the machine tool, and the clearance cavity 14 inside the sleeve 13 can prevent the shaft body from interfering with the cutter body 1 during the processing. Figure 4 As shown, one of the blades 2 extends radially inward into the clearance cavity 14 and protrudes axially downward from the sleeve 13. The portion of the blade 2 protruding axially downward is a bottom wall cutting edge, which can be used to process the bottom wall 32 of the deep annular groove. The portion of the blade 2 extending radially inward into the clearance cavity 14 is an inner ring side wall cutting edge, which can be used to process the inner ring side wall 31 of the deep annular groove. Figure 5 As shown, the other blade 2 protrudes radially outward from the sleeve 13 and axially downward from the sleeve 13. The portion of the blade 2 protruding axially downward is a bottom wall cutting edge, which can be used to process the bottom wall 32 of the deep annular groove. Figure 5 The distance between the inner side of the bottom wall cutting edge of the middle blade and the central axis of the sleeve is smaller than that of the other blade 2 (referring to Figure 4 The distance between the outer side of the bottom wall cutting edge of the middle blade and the central axis of the sleeve is such that the movement tracks of the bottom wall cutting edges of the two blades 2 partially overlap when rotating, ensuring that the bottom wall cutting edges of the two blades 2 can process the bottom wall 32 of the deep annular groove. The portion of the blade 2 protruding radially outward from the sleeve 13 is the outer ring side wall cutting edge, which can be used to process the outer ring side wall 33 of the deep annular groove. The two blades 2 can complete the processing of the deep annular groove, and there is no need to process a lot of structures for installing the blades 2 on the cutter body 1, which can ensure the cutter body 1. The overall strength of the body 1 is improved to prevent the tool from vibrating during processing and the tool body 1 from breaking, thereby ensuring that the deep annular groove milling cutter can be processed efficiently and stably; during the processing, since the two spiral chip grooves 15 are radially connected, the two spiral chip grooves 15 open downward and extend upward to the upper part of the sleeve 13, the chip removal performance is greatly improved. In addition, the coolant can be sprayed to the blade 2 through the cooling channels 16 in the tool body 1, ensuring that the coolant can directly reach the processing position of the deep annular groove, thereby improving the cooling performance, and the chip removal performance can be further improved by relying on the flow of coolant.
[0033] like Figure 4-Figure 5As shown, in this embodiment, a machining clearance notch 18 is also provided at the lower opening of the spiral chip flute 15, and the machining clearance notch 18 and the blade 2 are respectively located on different sides of the spiral chip flute 15. A mounting structure for mounting the blade 2 is provided at the lower opening of the spiral chip flute 15, and the mounting structure can be a groove matching the blade 2 by milling at the lower opening of the spiral chip flute 15, and then a threaded hole is machined in the groove, and the blade 2 is mounted on the groove by screws, so that the blade 2 is mounted to the lower opening of the spiral chip flute 15. Since the sleeve 13 is a cylindrical structure, the machining of the above-mentioned groove and threaded hole will be difficult due to the obstruction of the sleeve 13, so a machining clearance notch 18 is provided on the other side of the spiral chip flute 15 relative to the blade 2, and the machining clearance notch 18 can allow the tool to pass when machining the above-mentioned groove and threaded hole, thereby reducing the machining difficulty of the deep annular groove milling cutter.
[0034] In this embodiment, the two spiral chip removal grooves 15 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the sleeve 13 .
[0035] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, the cooling channel 16 includes a first axial channel 161, a radial channel 162, two second axial channels 163 and two oblique channels 164; the upper end of the first axial channel 161 is connected to the outside to form the inlet of the cooling channel 16; the lower end of the first axial channel 161 is connected to the middle of the radial channel 162, the radial channel 162 passes through the radial direction of the cartridge seat 12, and the two ends of the radial channel 162 are respectively sealed by plugs 17. The upper ends of the two second axial flow channels 163 are connected to the radial flow channel 162, the lower ends of the two second axial flow channels 163 are exposed from one of the machining clearance notches 18 and connected to the outside, and the lower ends of the two second axial flow channels 163 are blocked by plugs 17; the head ends of the two oblique flow channels 164 are connected to one of the second axial flow channels 163, and the ends of the two oblique flow channels 164 are respectively facing the blade 2 to form the outlet of the cooling flow channel 16. Specifically, the outlets of the two oblique flow channels 164 are located above the machining clearance notches 18 corresponding to the spiral chip removal groove 15, facing the blade 2.
[0036] The plug 17 can be a screw plug, which is connected to the flow channel through the screw plug and sealed by Loctite glue. The cooling flow channel 16 is divided into multiple sections. When processing the cooling flow channel 16, the first axial flow channel 161 is drilled axially downward from the middle of the mounting shaft 11, and then the radial flow channel 162 is drilled radially on the cylinder seat 12, and then two second axial flow channels 163 are drilled axially upward from the processing clearance notch 18, and then two oblique flow channels 164 are processed, and finally the radial flow channel 162 is blocked by the first plug 17 and the second axial flow channel 163 is blocked by the second plug 17. The coolant enters the first axial flow channel 161, and then is divided into two second axial flow channels 163 through the radial flow channel 162, and finally is ejected from two oblique flow channels 164 and sprayed toward the blade 2. The first axial flow channel 161, the radial flow channel 162 and the second axial flow channel 163 are all long and straight flow channels with simple shapes and easy processing, which can further reduce the processing difficulty of the deep annular groove milling cutter.
[0037] In this embodiment, the extension lines of the central axes of the two oblique flow channels 164 pass through one of the blades 2 respectively, so as to ensure that the coolant can be sprayed out from the two oblique flow channels 164 and sprayed toward the blade 2.
[0038] like Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, the inner wall and the outer wall of the sleeve 13 are both in the shape of a truncated cone side surface, the generatrix of the inner wall of the sleeve 13 is an oblique line gradually approaching the central axis of the sleeve 13 from top to bottom, and the generatrix of the outer wall of the sleeve 13 is an oblique line gradually away from the central axis of the sleeve 13 from top to bottom. The generatrix of the inner wall of the sleeve 13 is an oblique line that gradually approaches the central axis of the sleeve 13 from top to bottom, which means that the inner diameter of the inner wall of the sleeve 13 decreases from top to bottom, that is, the inner diameter of the clearance cavity 14 decreases from top to bottom. In the process of the deep annular groove milling cutter feeding downward to process the deep annular groove, after the shaft body formed by the inner ring of the deep annular groove enters the clearance cavity 14, there can be enough gap between the inner ring side wall 31 of the deep annular groove and the inner wall of the sleeve 13 to prevent the inner ring side wall 31 of the deep annular groove from interfering with the tool body 1; the generatrix of the outer wall of the sleeve 13 is an oblique line that gradually moves away from the central axis of the sleeve 13 from top to bottom, which means that the outer diameter of the outer wall of the sleeve 13 increases from top to bottom. In the process of the deep annular groove milling cutter feeding downward to process the deep annular groove, there can be enough gap between the outer ring side wall 33 of the deep annular groove and the outer wall of the sleeve 13 to prevent the outer ring side wall 33 of the deep annular groove from interfering with the tool body 1. In addition, the sleeve 13 is formed in a shape of being thin at the top and thick at the bottom, and the thickness is larger at the position where the blade 2 is installed, so as to ensure that the blade body 1 has sufficient strength. It is worth noting that the central axis of the sleeve 13 is collinear with the central axis of the blade body 1.
[0039] like Figure 7As shown, in this embodiment, the angle γ between the generatrix of the inner wall of the sleeve 13 and the central axis of the sleeve 13 is 0.8°-1.2°, and the angle γ is preferably 1°; the angle β between the generatrix of the outer wall of the sleeve 13 and the central axis of the sleeve 13 is 0.4°-0.6°, and the angle β is preferably 0.5°.
[0040] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, the lower end surface of the sleeve 13 is divided into two discontinuous inclined surfaces 19 by two spiral chip grooves 15, and the angle α between the inclined surface 19 and the horizontal plane is 4°-6°, and the angle α is preferably 5°. The horizontal plane refers to a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the sleeve 13. The lower end surface of the sleeve 13 is divided into two discontinuous inclined surfaces 19 by two spiral chip grooves 15, and each inclined surface 19 is higher on the side close to the blade 2 than on the side close to the machining clearance notch 18, so as to ensure that the blade 2 protrudes downward from the sleeve 13, and the tool jam failure rate can be reduced.
[0041] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that the technical solution of the utility model can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution of the utility model, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the utility model.
Claims
1. A deep annular groove milling cutter, comprising a cutter body (1) and two blades (2), characterized in that: The tool body (1) comprises a mounting shaft (11), a cartridge seat (12) and a sleeve (13) which are connected in sequence from top to bottom; a downwardly opening clearance cavity (14) is arranged inside the sleeve (13); two spiral chip removal grooves (15) are arranged on the sleeve (13) for connecting the clearance cavity (14) with the outside; a blade (2) is respectively arranged at the lower opening of the two spiral chip removal grooves (15); one of the blades (2) extends radially inward into the clearance cavity (14) and protrudes axially downward from the sleeve (13); the other blade (2) protrudes radially outward from the sleeve (13) and protrudes axially downward from the sleeve (13); a cooling channel (16) is arranged inside the tool body (1); an inlet of the cooling channel (16) is located on the mounting shaft (11), and an outlet of the cooling channel (16) faces the blade (2).
2. The deep annular groove milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: A machined clearance notch (18) is also provided at the lower opening of the spiral chip removal groove (15), and the machined clearance notch (18) and the blade (2) are respectively located on two different sides of the spiral chip removal groove (15).
3. The deep annular groove milling cutter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two spiral chip removal grooves (15) are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the sleeve (13).
4. The deep annular groove milling cutter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cooling channel (16) comprises a first axial channel (161), a radial channel (162), two second axial channels (163) and two oblique channels (164); the upper end of the first axial channel (161) is in communication with the outside to form an inlet of the cooling channel (16); the lower end of the first axial channel (161) is in communication with the middle of the radial channel (162); the radial channel (162) penetrates the cylinder seat (12) in the radial direction, and both ends of the radial channel (162) are blocked by plugs (17); The upper ends of the two second axial flow channels (163) are connected to the radial flow channel (162); the lower ends of the two second axial flow channels (163) are respectively exposed from one of the machined clearance notches (18) and are connected to the outside; the lower ends of the two second axial flow channels (163) are respectively blocked by plugs (17); the head ends of the two oblique flow channels (164) are respectively connected to one of the second axial flow channels (163); the ends of the two oblique flow channels (164) are respectively directed toward the blade (2) to form an outlet of the cooling flow channel (16).
5. The deep annular groove milling cutter according to claim 4, characterized in that: The extension lines of the central axes of the two oblique flow channels (164) respectively pass through one of the blades (2).
6. The deep annular groove milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall and the outer wall of the sleeve (13) are both in the shape of a truncated cone side surface, the generatrix of the inner wall of the sleeve (13) is an oblique line that gradually approaches the central axis of the sleeve (13) from top to bottom, and the generatrix of the outer wall of the sleeve (13) is an oblique line that gradually moves away from the central axis of the sleeve (13) from top to bottom.
7. The deep annular groove milling cutter according to claim 6, characterized in that: An angle γ between a generatrix of an inner wall of the sleeve (13) and a central axis of the sleeve (13) is 0.8°-1.2°, and an angle β between a generatrix of an outer wall of the sleeve (13) and the central axis of the sleeve (13) is 0.4°-0.6°.
8. The deep annular groove milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end surface of the sleeve (13) is divided into two discontinuous inclined surfaces (19) by two spiral chip removal grooves (15); the angle α between the inclined surfaces (19) and the horizontal plane is 4°-6°.