Automatic encoder positioning device applied to bridge crane

Abstract

The utility model discloses an automatic encoder positioning device applied to a bridge crane. The automatic encoder positioning device comprises a motor, a speed limiting assembly and a braking assembly, an encoder is fixedly mounted at the right end of the motor, the right end of an output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected with the left end of a rotating shaft of the encoder, a brake box is fixedly connected to the left side face of the motor, and the left end of the output shaft penetrates through side mounting holes formed in the middles of the left side wall and the right side wall of the brake box and extends to the outside of the left side of the brake box; the speed limiting assembly is fixedly connected to the outer arc face of the output shaft and fixedly connected with the right ends of the front inner wall and the rear inner wall of the brake box. The brake assembly is arranged at the left end of the outer cambered surface of the output shaft, and the brake assembly is matched with the left side wall of the brake box; the automatic encoder positioning device applied to the bridge crane has the advantages that the positioning is accurate, the braking effect is good, the operation safety of the bridge crane is ensured, and the failure rate is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of automatic distance detection and control of bridge cranes, in particular to an automatic encoder positioning device applied to bridge cranes. Background Art

[0002] A bridge crane is a type of crane. It is a large-scale lifting equipment that runs across the working area. It is widely used in the machinery industry and consists of the longitudinal movement of the trolley, the lateral movement of the car, and the lifting movement of the lifting mechanism. The travel and stop of its three major mechanisms are controlled by travel switches or cam switches. For example, when the trolley reaches the end point, the limit rod on the trolley will contact the travel switch fixed on the track, and the normally open or normally closed contact of the travel switch will be activated, and the signal will be transmitted to the PLC, thereby forcibly stopping the trolley. Even if the driver moves the operating lever, the bridge crane cannot be moved to ensure the safe distance of the bridge crane. However, the stopping of the three major mechanisms of the bridge crane is limited by the installation position of the travel switch. If the bridge crane travels too fast, the bridge crane will continue to travel 2-3 meters under the push of inertia. When the bridge crane leaves the travel position of the travel switch, the switch contacts return to their original position. At this time, the travel switch fails and the safe operation of the bridge crane cannot be guaranteed. The travel switch of the bridge crane trolley is generally installed on the bridge crane track, which is located at an unprotected high altitude, with a small maintenance space and forced posture for personnel, making maintenance very inconvenient. Therefore, we propose an encoder automatic positioning device for use on bridge cranes to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the existing defects and provide an encoder automatic positioning device used on a bridge crane, which has accurate positioning and good braking effect, ensures the safe operation of the bridge crane, reduces the failure rate, and can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: an encoder automatic positioning device applied to a bridge crane, comprising a motor, a speed limiting component and a brake component;

[0005] Motor: An encoder is fixedly installed on the right end of the motor, the right end of the output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to the left end of the rotating shaft of the encoder, the left side of the motor is fixedly connected to the brake box, the left end of the output shaft passes through the mounting holes provided in the middle of the left and right side walls of the brake box respectively, and the left end of the output shaft extends to the left side of the brake box;

[0006] Speed ​​limiting assembly: fixedly connected to the outer arc surface of the output shaft, the speed limiting assembly is fixedly connected to the right ends of the front and rear inner walls of the brake box respectively;

[0007] Braking assembly: arranged at the left end of the outer arc surface of the output shaft, the braking assembly is arranged in cooperation with the left side wall of the brake box;

[0008] Among them: it also includes a PLC controller and a human-machine interface, the input end of the PLC controller is electrically connected to an external power supply, the PLC controller and the human-machine interface are bidirectionally electrically connected, the output end of the encoder is electrically connected to the input end of the PLC controller, and the input end of the motor is electrically connected to the output end of the PLC controller. By slowing down the trolley of the bridge crane in advance to reduce its movement inertia, the positioning is accurate, the braking effect is good, the operation safety of the bridge crane is guaranteed, and the failure rate is reduced.

[0009] Furthermore, the encoder is an absolute value encoder, which can keep recording the current position of the output shaft when power is off to avoid data loss.

[0010] Furthermore, the speed limiting component includes an electric push rod, an arc-shaped friction plate and a friction disk. There are two electric push rods and they are respectively fixedly connected to the right ends of the front and rear inner walls of the brake box. The push rod ends of the two electric push rods are provided with arc-shaped friction plates. The friction disk is fixedly connected to the outer arc surface of the output shaft. The inner arc surfaces of the two arc-shaped friction plates are in friction contact with the outer arc surface of the friction disk. The input end of the electric push rod is electrically connected to the output end of the PLC controller. When the motor approaches the limit position of the movement of the bridge crane, the rotation speed of the output shaft is limited to avoid excessive movement speed.

[0011] Furthermore, the speed limiting component also includes telescopic rods, which are four in number and are symmetrically arranged at the right ends of the front and rear inner walls of the brake box. The relative inner ends of the two longitudinally corresponding telescopic rods are respectively fixedly connected to the outer arc surfaces of adjacent arc-shaped friction plates, thereby providing limited support for the arc-shaped friction plates and improving the stability of the arc-shaped friction plates.

[0012] Furthermore, the brake assembly includes a brake disc, a support rod, a brake disc, a mounting disc, a spring and an annular electromagnet, the brake disc is arranged at the left end of the outer arc surface of the output shaft, there are four support rods and the annular array is slidably connected to the left side wall of the brake box, the support rods are respectively slidably connected to the inner walls of the sockets correspondingly arranged inside the mounting disc, the brake disc is respectively fixedly connected to the right side ends of the four support rods, the right side surface of the brake disc is matched with the left side surface of the brake disc, the outer arc surfaces of the support rods are all sleeved with springs, and the springs are all located between the right side surface of the mounting disc and the left side surface of the brake disc, an annular electromagnet is provided in the middle of the right side surface of the mounting disc, the annular electromagnet is matched with the brake disc, the input end of the annular electromagnet is electrically connected to the output end of the PLC controller, the output shaft passes through the through holes set in the middle of the brake disc and the mounting disc respectively, and the output shaft is precisely positioned through friction contact between the brake disc and the brake disc.

[0013] Furthermore, the right side of the brake disc is evenly provided with wear-resistant particles to increase friction.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a T-threaded barrel and a locking nut, wherein the T-threaded barrel is threadedly connected to the middle part of the left side plate of the brake box, the right end of the T-threaded barrel is rotatably connected to the inside of the mounting plate, the outer arc surface of the output shaft is rotatably connected to the inner arc surface of the T-threaded barrel, the locking nut is threadedly connected to the left end of the T-threaded barrel, the right side surface of the locking nut is in contact with the left side surface of the brake box, so as to adjust the pressure of the spring on the brake disc.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are: the encoder automatic positioning device applied to the bridge crane has the following advantages:

[0016] When the output shaft of the motor controlled by the PLC controller rotates, the photoelectric sensor in the encoder detects the corresponding changes in the number of grating lines and converts these changes into electrical signals. These electrical signals are then decoded into a set of binary codes or Gray codes and sent to the PLC controller. The PLC controller determines the actual position of the encoder's rotating shaft, thereby determining the position of the motor. The two approach positions and limit positions of the encoder are set inside the PLC controller through the human-machine interface, and the position information is stored in the internal non-volatile memory. When the position of the encoder corresponds to one of the approach positions, the PLC controller controls the electric push rods to work, and the two electric push rods push the corresponding arc-shaped friction plates to contact the friction disk, increasing the speed. The friction force of the friction disc is increased, thereby limiting the rotation speed of the output shaft and reducing the travel speed of the bridge crane trolley. When the position of the encoder corresponds to one of the limit positions, the PLC controller controls the annular electromagnet and the motor to cut off the power. After the annular electromagnet is powered off, it loses its magnetism and no longer adsorbs the brake disc. The brake disc moves to the right under the thrust of the spring and frictionally contacts the left side of the brake disc to brake the brake disc, and then brakes the bridge crane trolley through the output shaft, thereby effectively avoiding the positioning failure caused by excessive inertia of the bridge crane trolley during movement. By slowing down the bridge crane trolley in advance to reduce its movement inertia, the positioning is accurate and the braking effect is good, which ensures the safe operation of the bridge crane and reduces the failure rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the partial cross-section structure of the utility model from the front;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the left-side cross-sectional structure of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the brake disc of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the electrical connection structure of the utility model.

[0022] In the figure: 1 motor, 101 output shaft, 2 encoder, 3 brake box, 4 speed limit assembly, 41 electric push rod, 42 arc friction plate, 43 friction disc, 44 telescopic rod, 5 brake assembly, 51 brake disc, 52 support rod, 53 brake disc, 531 wear-resistant particles, 54 mounting disc, 55 spring, 56 annular electromagnet, 6 T-type threaded cylinder, 7 locking nut, 8 PLC controller, 9 human-machine interface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0024] See also Figure 1-5 , This embodiment provides a technical solution: an encoder automatic positioning device used in a bridge crane, comprising a motor 1, a speed limiting component 4 and a brake component 5;

[0025] Motor 1: The right end of the motor 1 is fixedly mounted with an encoder 2, which is an absolute encoder that can keep recording the current position of the output shaft 101 when the power is off to avoid data loss. The right end of the output shaft 101 of the motor 1 is fixedly connected to the left end of the rotating shaft of the encoder 2, and the left side of the motor 1 is fixedly connected with a brake box 3. The left end of the output shaft 101 passes through the mounting holes set in the middle of the left and right side walls of the brake box 3, and the left end of the output shaft 101 extends to the left side of the brake box 3.

[0026] Speed ​​limiting component 4: fixedly connected to the outer arc surface of the output shaft 101, the speed limiting component 4 is respectively fixedly connected to the right ends of the front and rear inner walls of the brake box 3, and the speed limiting component 4 includes an electric push rod 41, an arc-shaped friction plate 42 and a friction disk 43. There are two electric push rods 41, which are respectively fixedly connected to the right ends of the front and rear inner walls of the brake box 3. The push rod ends of the two electric push rods 41 are both provided with arc-shaped friction plates 42. The friction disk 43 is fixedly connected to the outer arc surface of the output shaft 101. The inner arc surfaces of the two arc-shaped friction plates 42 are in friction contact with the outer arc surface of the friction disk 43. When the position of the encoder 2 corresponds to one of the close positions, the electric push rod is controlled 41 works, the two electric push rods 41 respectively push the corresponding arc-shaped friction plate 42 to contact the friction disk 43, increase the friction force of the friction disk 43, and then limit the rotation speed of the output shaft 101, reduce the travel speed of the bridge crane trolley, and avoid moving too fast. The speed limiting component 4 also includes a telescopic rod 44. There are four telescopic rods 44 and they are symmetrically arranged at the right ends of the front and rear inner walls of the brake box 3. The relatively inner ends of the two corresponding telescopic rods 44 in the longitudinal direction are respectively fixedly connected to the outer arc surfaces of the adjacent arc-shaped friction plates 42. The telescopic rods 44 limit the support of the arc-shaped friction plates 42 to improve the stability of the arc-shaped friction plates 42.

[0027] Brake assembly 5: arranged at the left end of the outer arc surface of the output shaft 101, the brake assembly 5 is matched with the left side wall of the brake box 3, the brake assembly 5 includes a brake disc 51, a support rod 52, a brake disc 53, a mounting disc 54, a spring 55 and an annular electromagnet 56, the brake disc 51 is arranged at the left end of the outer arc surface of the output shaft 101, there are four support rods 52 and the annular array is slidably connected to the left side wall of the brake box 3, the support rods 52 are respectively slidably connected to the inner walls of the sockets correspondingly arranged inside the mounting disc 54, the brake disc 53 is respectively fixedly connected to the right end heads of the four support rods 52, the right side surface of the brake disc 53 is matched with the left side surface of the brake disc 51, the outer arc surface of the support rod 52 is sleeved with a spring 55, the spring 55 is located between the right side surface of the mounting disc 54 and the left side surface of the brake disc 53, and the middle part of the right side surface of the mounting disc 54 is provided with an annular electromagnet The magnet 56 and the annular electromagnet 56 are arranged in cooperation with the brake disc 53, and the output shaft 101 passes through the through holes set in the middle of the brake disc 53 and the mounting disc 54 respectively. The output shaft 101 is precisely positioned through the friction contact between the brake disc 51 and the brake disc 53. The right side of the brake disc 53 is evenly provided with wear-resistant particles 531 to increase the friction force. When the position of the encoder 2 corresponds to one of the extreme positions, the annular electromagnet 56 and the motor 1 are controlled to be powered off. After the annular electromagnet 56 is powered off, it loses its magnetism and no longer attracts the brake disc 53. The brake disc 53 moves to the right under the thrust of the spring 55 and frictionally contacts with the left side of the brake disc 51 to brake the brake disc 51, and then the trolley of the bridge crane is braked through the output shaft 101, thereby effectively avoiding the positioning failure caused by the excessive inertia of the trolley of the bridge crane during movement.

[0028] Among them: it also includes a PLC controller 8 and a human-machine interface 9, the input end of the PLC controller 8 is electrically connected to an external power supply, the PLC controller 8 and the human-machine interface 9 are bidirectionally electrically connected, the output end of the encoder 2 is electrically connected to the input end of the PLC controller 8, the input end of the motor 1 is electrically connected to the output end of the PLC controller 8, the input end of the electric push rod 41 is electrically connected to the output end of the PLC controller 8, and the input end of the annular electromagnet 56 is electrically connected to the output end of the PLC controller 8.

[0029] Wherein: it also includes a T-threaded barrel 6 and a locking nut 7, the T-threaded barrel 6 is threadedly connected to the middle part of the left side plate of the brake box 3, the right end of the T-threaded barrel 6 is rotatably connected to the inside of the mounting plate 54, the outer arc surface of the output shaft 101 is rotatably connected to the inner arc surface of the T-threaded barrel 6, the locking nut 7 is threadedly connected to the left end of the T-threaded barrel 6, the right side surface of the locking nut 7 contacts the left side surface of the brake box 3, the locking nut 7 is separated from the left side surface of the brake box 3 by rotating the locking nut 7 counterclockwise with a wrench, and then the T-threaded barrel 6 is rotated to move the T-threaded barrel 6 to the right relative to the left side plate of the brake box 3, and the T-threaded barrel 6 is pushed by the mounting plate 54 to move to the right under the guidance of the support rod 52, and since the position of the brake disc 51 is fixed, the spring 55 is compressed, thereby increasing the friction force of the brake disc 53 on the brake disc 51 to ensure the braking effect.

[0030] The working principle of an encoder automatic positioning device applied to a bridge crane provided by the utility model is as follows:

[0031] The motor 1 and the brake box 3 are fixedly installed on the trolley of the bridge crane. The PLC controller 8 controls the motor 1 to work to move the trolley of the bridge crane. In the initial state, the PLC controller 8 controls the annular electromagnet 56 to be energized. The annular electromagnet 56 is energized and has magnetism and adsorbs the brake disc 53. The brake disc 53 and the brake disc 51 are in a separated state, and the output shaft 101 can rotate freely. The PLC controller 8 controls the output shaft 101 of the motor 1 to rotate. The photoelectric sensor in the encoder 2 will detect the corresponding changes in the number of grating lines and convert these changes into electrical signals. These electrical signals will then be decoded into a set of binary The encoder 2 is sent to the PLC controller 8 by the encoder code or Gray code, and the PLC controller 8 determines the actual position of the rotating shaft of the encoder 2, thereby determining the position of the motor 1. The two approach positions and the limit position of the encoder 2 are respectively set in the PLC controller 8 through the human-machine interface 9, and the position information is stored in the internal non-volatile memory. When the position of the encoder 2 corresponds to one of the approach positions, the PLC controller 8 controls the electric push rod 41 to work, and the two electric push rods 41 respectively push the corresponding arc-shaped friction plate 42 to contact the friction disk 43, thereby increasing the friction force of the friction disk 43, and then limiting the rotation speed of the output shaft 101. The brake disc 53 is moved to the right under the thrust of the spring 55 and is in frictional contact with the left side of the brake disc 51, braking the brake disc 51, and then braking the trolley of the bridge crane through the output shaft 101, thereby effectively avoiding the positioning failure caused by excessive inertia of the trolley of the bridge crane during movement. After long-term use, the durable The abrasive particles 531 will wear out and the braking effect on the brake disc 51 will be weakened. At this time, use a wrench to rotate the locking nut 7 counterclockwise to separate the locking nut 7 from the left side of the brake box 3, and then rotate the T-threaded cylinder 6 to move the T-threaded cylinder 6 to the right relative to the left side plate of the brake box 3. The T-threaded cylinder 6 pushes the mounting plate 54 to move to the right under the guidance of the support rod 52. Since the position of the brake disc 51 is fixed, the spring 55 is compressed, thereby increasing the friction force of the brake disc 53 on the brake disc 51 to ensure the braking effect. Then rotate the locking nut 7 in the opposite direction, and the locking nut 7 cooperates with the left side of the brake box 3 to lock and fix the T-threaded cylinder 6.

[0032] It is worth noting that the electric push rod 41, annular electromagnet 56, human-machine interface 9, motor 1, encoder 2 and PLC controller 8 disclosed in the above embodiments can be freely configured according to the actual application scenario, and the PLC controller 8 controls the operation of the electric push rod 41, annular electromagnet 56, human-machine interface 9, motor 1, encoder 2 using methods commonly used in the prior art.

[0033] The above are only embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An encoder automatic positioning device used in a bridge crane, characterized in that: It comprises a motor (1), a speed limiting component (4) and a brake component (5); The motor (1) has an encoder (2) fixedly mounted on its right end, the right end of the output shaft (101) of the motor (1) is fixedly connected to the left end of the rotating shaft of the encoder (2), the left side of the motor (1) is fixedly connected to the brake box (3), the left end of the output shaft (101) passes through mounting holes respectively arranged in the middle of the left and right side walls of the brake box (3), and the left end of the output shaft (101) extends to the left side of the brake box (3); A speed limiting component (4): fixedly connected to the outer arc surface of the output shaft (101), the speed limiting component (4) being fixedly connected to the right ends of the front and rear inner walls of the brake box (3) respectively; Braking assembly (5): arranged at the left end of the outer arc surface of the output shaft (101), the braking assembly (5) being arranged in cooperation with the left side wall of the brake box (3); The invention further comprises a PLC controller (8) and a human-machine interface (9), wherein the input end of the PLC controller (8) is electrically connected to an external power supply, the PLC controller (8) and the human-machine interface (9) are bidirectionally electrically connected, the output end of the encoder (2) is electrically connected to the input end of the PLC controller (8), and the input end of the motor (1) is electrically connected to the output end of the PLC controller (8).

2. The encoder automatic positioning device used in a bridge crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The encoder (2) is an absolute value encoder.

3. The encoder automatic positioning device used in a bridge crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The speed limiting assembly (4) comprises an electric push rod (41), an arc-shaped friction plate (42) and a friction disk (43); the electric push rod (41) has two parts and is respectively fixedly connected to the right ends of the front and rear inner walls of the brake box (3); the push rod ends of the two electric push rods (41) are both provided with an arc-shaped friction plate (42); the friction disk (43) is fixedly connected to the outer arc surface of the output shaft (101); the inner arc surfaces of the two arc-shaped friction plates (42) are in friction contact with the outer arc surface of the friction disk (43); and the input end of the electric push rod (41) is electrically connected to the output end of the PLC controller (8).

4. The automatic encoder positioning device used in a bridge crane according to claim 3, characterized in that: The speed limiting assembly (4) further comprises telescopic rods (44), wherein there are four telescopic rods (44) which are symmetrically arranged at the right ends of the front and rear inner walls of the brake box (3), and the opposite inner end heads of two longitudinally corresponding telescopic rods (44) are respectively fixedly connected to the outer arc surfaces of adjacent arc-shaped friction plates (42).

5. The encoder automatic positioning device used in a bridge crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brake assembly (5) comprises a brake disc (51), a support rod (52), a brake disc (53), a mounting disc (54), a spring (55) and an annular electromagnet (56); the brake disc (51) is arranged at the left end of the outer arc surface of the output shaft (101); the support rods (52) are provided in four annular arrays and are slidably connected to the left side wall of the brake box (3); the support rods (52) are respectively slidably connected to the inner walls of the corresponding sockets arranged inside the mounting disc (54); the brake disc (53) is respectively fixedly connected to the right side ends of the four support rods (52); the right side of the brake disc (53) The support rod (52) is provided with a spring (55) on its outer arc surface, and the spring (55) is located between the right side surface of the mounting plate (54) and the left side surface of the brake disc (53). An annular electromagnet (56) is provided in the middle of the right side surface of the mounting plate (54), and the annular electromagnet (56) is provided in cooperation with the brake disc (53). The input end of the annular electromagnet (56) is electrically connected to the output end of the PLC controller (8), and the output shaft (101) passes through the through holes provided in the middle of the brake disc (53) and the mounting plate (54), respectively.

6. The encoder automatic positioning device used in a bridge crane according to claim 5, characterized in that: The right side surface of the brake disc (53) is evenly provided with wear-resistant particles (531).

7. The encoder automatic positioning device used in a bridge crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a T-shaped threaded barrel (6) and a locking nut (7), wherein the T-shaped threaded barrel (6) is threadedly connected to the middle part of the left side plate of the brake box (3), the right end of the T-shaped threaded barrel (6) is rotatably connected to the inside of the mounting plate (54), the outer arc surface of the output shaft (101) is rotatably connected to the inner arc surface of the T-shaped threaded barrel (6), and the locking nut (7) is threadedly connected to the left end of the T-shaped threaded barrel (6), and the right side surface of the locking nut (7) is in contact with the left side surface of the brake box (3).

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