Synchronizer gear sleeve heat treatment tool
Through the design of the split-swell double-layer mold, the problems of low production efficiency and short mold life in the heat treatment of synchronizer gear sleeves are solved, and efficient and stable gear production and long mold life are achieved, avoiding wear and tear during mold release and Parts collapsed.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420654835.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-01
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-17
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-04-01
AI Technical Summary
During the heat treatment process, the synchronizer gear sleeve has problems such as low production efficiency, low product qualification rate and short mold life, especially due to mold release wear and part tooth collapse caused by fixed molds.
Using a double-layer pressing and quenching mold, including a central column, top pressure sleeve, dilator, split body, limit ring, screw and spring, through the modular mandrel design and automatic centering correction function, the mold is automatically removed. Mod and stable control internal spline accuracy.
Improve production efficiency, extend mold life, avoid hard friction during mold release and sharp corners of parts, ensuring the end surface planarity of the tooth sleeve and the accuracy of the inner spline.
Smart Images
Figure CN222182370U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of heat treatment, and in particular relates to a heat treatment tool for a synchronizer gear sleeve. Background Art
[0002] The synchronizer gear sleeve is a thin-walled and easily deformable part with an effective wall thickness of only 6mm. It also has internal splines and fork grooves. In addition, the part has very high requirements for the accuracy of the internal splines and the flatness of the end faces. The conventional carburizing and quenching process has problems such as uneven shrinkage of the internal splines and warping of the end faces, and auxiliary processes such as rounding are required, and the qualified rate of parts is less than 50%. The industry also uses the press quenching process, but the press quenching mold is mostly fixed, and this fixed mold is usually produced in one piece, which is inefficient. In addition, the fixed press quenching mold, the gear sleeve parts and the mold use interference fit, and the deformation of the gear sleeve is limited by the size of the fixed mandrel. After the press quenching is completed, the gear sleeve is locked on the mold mandrel, and the mandrel needs to be pulled out of the gear sleeve by hydraulic pressure. This demoulding method will cause certain wear on both the parts and the mold, and the mandrel size wears quickly, and the overall life is low; in addition, the demoulding process may also cause the parts to be scrapped due to the sharp corners of the parts.
[0003] The Chinese invention patent with publication number CN113462861A discloses an expansion type press quenching die for thin-walled parts, including an expansion body with variable radial dimensions, a limiter for limiting the radial displacement of the expansion body, an extrusion member for extruding the expansion body in radial expansion, and a top pressure ring and a bottom support ring for respectively extruding the upper and lower end surfaces of the top part; the expansion body includes a part mounting portion and a connecting portion, the part mounting portion is a hollow column structure as a whole, the outer contour of the part mounting portion matches the shape of the inner wall of the part, and the inner wall surface of the part mounting portion is provided with an inverted cone surface; a plurality of first connecting holes are provided on the connecting portion along the circumferential direction; the expansion body is formed by splicing a plurality of expansion blocks in sequence along the circumferential direction, and each expansion block is provided with at least one first connecting hole; the press quenching die (tooling) of the utility model adopts a split expansion body structure, so that the die has automatic centering and alignment, the demoulding process does not cause wear to the parts and the die, and the die has a long service life; one die can press quench two parts at a time, and the production efficiency is high.
[0004] The utility model patent with publication number CN 220166238 U discloses a mandrel and a press quenching device for press quenching a synchronizer gear sleeve. The press quenching device includes a press quenching upper die, a synchronizer gear sleeve, a mandrel and a press quenching lower die; the press quenching lower die is fixed on the workbench of a press quenching machine, the mandrel is connected to the piston connecting rod at the bottom of the machine by bolts, and the movement of the piston rod can make the mandrel move up and down in the lower die guide groove to realize demolding of the part after press quenching, the press quenching upper die is connected and fixed to the driving structure at the top of the press quenching machine, the press quenching upper die and the mandrel are coaxially arranged, and the cooling oil circuit of the base is connected to the cooling oil tank through a pipeline. The press quenching device solves the problem that burrs affect the verticality of the synchronizer gear sleeve by arranging an axially extending air avoidance groove on the mandrel. In addition, since the air avoidance groove is designed along the axial direction, after the synchronizer gear sleeve is press quenched, its internal spline as a whole is tightly fitted with the positioning shaft, and the force is balanced during demolding, which solves the problem of part popping caused by stress imbalance during demolding of the existing mandrel. Utility Model Content
[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of low production efficiency, low qualified rate of finished products and short service life of a synchronizer gear sleeve heat treatment, the utility model proposes a synchronizer gear sleeve heat treatment tool.
[0006] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems is:
[0007] A synchronizer gear sleeve heat treatment tool comprises a top pressure sleeve, an expander, a split expansion body, a bottom support seat, a limit ring, a screw rod, a center column, a spring and a bolt.
[0008] The upper part of the center column matches the machine tool, and the lower part of the center column is located in the top pressure sleeve, which is connected to the machine tool. The top pressure sleeve and the bottom support seat are respectively located on the upper end face and the lower end face of the gear sleeve, and the expansion body is located on the inner side of the gear sleeve; the top pressure sleeve is used to transmit the outer ring pressure of the press quenching machine tool, and the bottom support seat is used to support the lower end face of the gear sleeve.
[0009] The expansion body is located in the stop ring, and the expansion body and the stop ring are connected by springs and bolts. The expansion body and the stop ring connected together are located in the expander, and the expansion body fits the expander. The expansion body is installed in the groove of the bottom support seat and fixedly connected by a screw.
[0010] In the above heat treatment tooling, the upper end of the split expansion body is chamfered, the outside is a cylinder, and the inner cavity is an inverted truncated cone structure. The cylinder contacts the minor diameter of the gear sleeve spline, and the outer diameter of the cylinder is smaller than the minor diameter of the gear sleeve spline. The height of the contact area between the split expansion body and the gear sleeve is greater than the sum of the heights of the two gear sleeves, and the split expansion body is composed of 6 evenly distributed blocks.
[0011] In the above-mentioned heat treatment tooling, the chamfer of the upper end of the expansion body is 20°~40°×2mm~4mm.
[0012] In the above heat treatment tooling, the outer diameter of the cylindrical part of the expansion body is 5 to 15 ten-thousandths smaller than the minor diameter of the gear sleeve spline.
[0013] In the above heat treatment tool, the height of the contact area between the expansion body and the gear sleeve is 3% to 10% greater than the sum of the heights of the two gear sleeves.
[0014] In the above heat treatment tooling, the cone angle of the inverted frustum of the inner cavity of the expansion body is 40° to 50°.
[0015] In the above heat treatment tooling, the degree of fit between the expansion body and the expander is 90% to 98%.
[0016] In the above-mentioned heat treatment tooling, the top pressure sleeve and the bottom support seat are provided with 35 U-shaped grooves, and each U-shaped groove has a width of 6 mm and a height of 8 mm.
[0017] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
[0018] A synchronizer gear sleeve heat treatment tooling takes into account the specific size requirements and structural characteristics of the product, adopts a double-layer expansion type press quenching die, breaks through the bottleneck of one existing die for press quenching one part at a time, and changes the existing fixed-size mandrel die structure to achieve one die for press quenching two parts at a time. It has high production efficiency and stable production process. In addition, the split expansion body structure is adopted, so that the die has the characteristics of automatic centering and automatic demoulding. The demoulding process does not cause wear to the parts and the die, and the die has a long service life.
[0019] A synchronizer gear sleeve heat treatment tooling adopts a split expansion double-layer mold to produce two gear sleeves at a time, doubling the production efficiency;
[0020] A synchronizer gear sleeve heat treatment tooling designs the core shaft into a modular expansion structure, divides the expansion body into 6 pieces, and equips the lower end of the expansion body with a limit ring. The expansion body and the limit ring are connected by springs and bolts. After the expansion body is fully expanded, it finally fits with the limit ring to reach the expected set size of the mold, and then uses the pressure transmitted by the center column to realize the expansion and contraction of the mold, thereby achieving stable control of the internal spline accuracy.
[0021] A synchronizer gear sleeve heat treatment tooling, the expansion and contraction of the mold is achieved by the pressure transmitted by the center column of the expansion body. Before press quenching, two parts are placed in the expansion body stably, and automatic alignment is achieved during the expansion of the expansion block; after press quenching, the expansion block shrinks, and the parts and the expansion body maintain a certain gap, and are easily separated from the expansion body, avoiding hard friction between the gear sleeve and the expansion body due to interference fit during the demoulding process, thereby increasing the life of the mold and avoiding the breakage of sharp corners of the parts.
[0022] A synchronizer gear sleeve heat treatment tool uses a top pressure sleeve and a bottom support seat to fix the end face of the gear sleeve to ensure that the end face runout of the gear sleeve is within 0.03mm. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the heat treatment tooling and gear sleeve structure of the embodiment of the utility model;
[0024] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the heat treatment tooling of the embodiment of the utility model;
[0025] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the heat treatment tooling and gear sleeve of the embodiment of the utility model;
[0026] Figure 4 This is a top view of the expansion body of the embodiment of the utility model;
[0027] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the expansion body of an embodiment of the utility model.
[0028] Figure numerals: 1. top pressure sleeve, 2. expander, 3. expansion body, 4. bottom support seat, 5. limit ring, 6. screw, 7. gear sleeve, 8. center column, 9. spring, 10. bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0029] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0030] Embodiment 1
[0031] A synchronizer gear sleeve heat treatment tool, that is, a mold, which adopts a new split expansion body double-layer mold. 1) The utility model realizes the production of two gear sleeves at a time with one mold, and the production efficiency is doubled. 2) The mandrel is designed into a modular expansion structure, and the split expansion body is evenly divided into 6 pieces. The lower end of the split expansion body is equipped with a limit ring. The split expansion body is connected to the limit ring by a spring and a bolt. After the split expansion body is fully expanded, it finally fits with the limit ring to reach the expected set size of the mold, and then the expansion and contraction of the mold is realized by the pressure transmitted by the center column, and the internal spline precision is stably controlled. 3) The split expansion body realizes the expansion and contraction of the mold through the pressure transmitted by the center column. Before press quenching, the two parts are smoothly placed in the split expansion body, and automatic alignment is achieved during the expansion process of the expansion block; after press quenching, the expansion block shrinks, and the parts and the split expansion body maintain a certain gap, and are easily separated from the split expansion body, avoiding the hard friction caused by the interference fit between the gear sleeve and the split expansion body during the demolding process, thereby improving the life of the mold and avoiding the sharp corner tooth collapse of the parts. 4) The utility model uses a top pressure sleeve and a bottom support seat to fix the end face of the gear sleeve, ensuring that the end face runout of the gear sleeve is within 0.03 mm.
[0032] Figure 1 This is the design assembly drawing of this mold. Figure 2This is the mold explosion diagram. Figure 3 It is an exploded view of the mold and the gear sleeve. The press quenching mold consists of a center column 8, a top pressure sleeve 1, an expander 2, 6 expansion bodies 3, a limit ring 5, a bottom support seat 4, a fixing screw 6, a spring 9, a bolt 10, a screw, etc.
[0033] Considering that the utility model is to realize the production of two gear sleeves at a time, the expander 2, the sub-expanding body 3, the limit ring 5, the spring and the bolt form an expansion type structure mold sub-expanding body. Figure 4 , Figure 5 The following is a schematic diagram of the expansion body. The expansion body is designed to be cylindrical on the outside and an inverted frustum structure on the inside: 1) The cylindrical part is the area that fully contacts the minor diameter of the part. Compared with the minor diameter of the inner spline of the part, the outer circle size is 5 to 15 ten-thousandths smaller than the minor diameter of the part, ensuring that the size of the spline inside the gear sleeve meets the requirements during the expansion process; 2) The effective height of the contact area between the expansion body and the part is defined as the sum of the heights of the two gear sleeve parts plus 3 to 10%, ensuring that the expansion body can fully contact the part in the working state; 3) The inner cavity The frustum is designed with a cone angle of 40-50°, and the expansion body is evenly cut into 6 blocks. At the same time, the fit between the expander and the expansion body must reach 90%-98%. This angle and fit requirement can ensure that the pressure applied by the center column to the top of the expander can be evenly decomposed to each expansion body block, ensuring that the expansion body expands outward steadily and consistently. At the same time, each expansion body block is kept perpendicular to the horizontal plane to avoid uneven force on the upper and lower parts of the block and tilting, resulting in the inability to ensure the roundness and flatness of the two parts are consistent. The expansion body is evenly cut into 6 blocks. During the force process, the 6 expansion body blocks move outward evenly and finally fit fully with the gear sleeve, thereby achieving the effect of controlling the size of the gear sleeve parts. After expansion, there is a gap of 2-6mm between the expansion bodies to ensure the orderly flow of quenching oil and ensure the cooling effect and overall uniformity of the gear sleeve quenching process. The six expansion bodies are connected to the limit ring as a whole through springs and bolts. The spring can realize the orderly expansion and retraction of the expansion block in the horizontal direction. The limit ring plays a connecting role and limits the travel range of the expansion body.
[0034] To ensure that the parts can be placed in and out of the mold smoothly and accurately, 1) The upper end of the split expansion body is provided with a chamfer of 20-40°×2-4mm, which plays a guiding role when placing and removing the gear sleeve, making it convenient for the parts to be placed in the split expansion body smoothly. 2) When the split expansion body is in a free state without force, the overall size is slightly smaller than the minor diameter of the part, and the part and the split expansion body are intermittently matched, which is convenient for the placement and removal of the parts.
[0035] The top pressure sleeve 1 and the bottom support seat 4 act on the upper and lower end faces of the gear sleeve 7 respectively to prevent the end face of the gear sleeve from warping and deformation; the top pressure sleeve 1 is used to transmit the outer ring pressure of the press quenching machine to prevent the upper end face from warping and deformation; the bottom support seat 4 is used to support the lower end face of the gear sleeve 7, and the two together limit the irregular deformation of the outer cylindrical end face of the part. The press quenching process fits the end face to ensure the flatness of the part. The bottom support seat 4 also serves to connect the press quenching machine and support other parts of the mold. The other two rings are respectively provided with 35 U-shaped grooves with a width of 6mm and a height of 8mm to ensure smooth oil flow during the press quenching process, ensure the cooling effect of the end face of the part and the uniformity of the overall cooling, and avoid the occurrence of soft spots on the end face.
[0036] The assembly process of the press quenching mold is as follows: (1) install the bottom support seat 4 to the lower end of the press quenching machine according to the general assembly drawing, and ensure free rotation; (2) place the expansion body 3 in the limit ring 5 in sequence according to the serial number, and connect them into one body through the spring 9 and bolt 10, then put in the expander 2, and ensure that the expansion block expands and contracts evenly and stably by applying pressure on the upper end of the expander; (3) install the expansion body as a whole to the groove part of the bottom support seat and fix it with a screw; (4) install the center column 8 on the machine tool, and place the workpiece and the top pressure sleeve 1 according to the general assembly drawing; (5) send the entire mold into the machine tool, and use bolts to connect the top pressure sleeve 1 to the machine tool; (6) withdraw the mold and remove the workpiece, thus completing the connection process between the entire mold and the machine tool.
[0037] Based on the utility model, one set of molds can produce two gear sleeves at a time, the quality of the gear sleeve parts is stable, the mold life is long, and the utility model is also suitable for gear ring parts.
Claims
1. A heat treatment tool for synchronizer gear sleeve, It is characterized in that It comprises a top pressure sleeve (1), an expander (2), an expansion body (3), a bottom support seat (4), a limit ring (5), a screw rod (6), a center column (8), a spring (9), and a bolt (10); The upper part of the center column (8) matches the machine tool, and the lower part of the center column (8) is located in the top pressure sleeve (1), and the top pressure sleeve (1) is connected to the machine tool; the top pressure sleeve (1) and the bottom support seat (4) are respectively located on the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the gear sleeve (7), and the expansion body (3) is located on the inner side of the gear sleeve (7); the top pressure sleeve (1) is used to transmit the outer ring pressure of the press quenching machine tool, and the bottom support seat (4) is used to support the lower end surface of the gear sleeve (7); The expanding body (3) is located in the limit ring (5), and the expanding body (3) and the limit ring (5) are connected by a spring (9) and a bolt (10). The connected expanding body (3) and the limit ring (5) are located in the expander (2), and the expanding body (3) fits the expander (2); the expanding body (3) is installed in the groove of the bottom support seat (4) and is fixedly connected by a screw (6).
2. The heat treatment tool according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The upper end of the split expandable body (3) is chamfered, the outside is a cylinder, and the inner cavity is an inverted truncated cone structure; the cylinder is in contact with the spline minor diameter of the gear sleeve (7), and the outer diameter of the cylinder is smaller than the spline minor diameter of the gear sleeve (7); the height of the contact area between the split expandable body (3) and the gear sleeve (7) is greater than the sum of the heights of the two gear sleeves, and the split expandable body (3) is composed of 6 evenly distributed blocks.
3. The heat treatment tool according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The chamfer of the upper end of the expansion body is 20° to 40°×2mm to 4mm.
4. The heat treatment tool according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The outer diameter of the cylindrical body of the expansion body (3) is 5 to 15 ten-thousandths smaller than the minor diameter of the spline of the gear sleeve (7).
5. The heat treatment tool according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The height of the contact area between the expansion body (3) and the gear sleeve (7) is 3% to 10% greater than the sum of the heights of the two gear sleeves.
6. The heat treatment tool according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The inverted frustum cone angle of the inner cavity of the expansion body (3) is 40° to 50°.
7. The heat treatment tool according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The degree of fit between the expandable body (3) and the dilator (2) is 90% to 98%.
8. The heat treatment tool according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The limiting ring (5) is provided with 35 U-shaped grooves, each of which has a width of 6 mm and a height of 8 mm.