Air and gas distributor for carbon black reacting furnace

Abstract

The utility model relates to a carbon black reacting furnace air and gas distributor which comprises a first distributor body and at least two rows of second distributor bodies arranged in the first distributor body, the second distributor bodies are arranged in the axial direction of the first distributor body, and each row is provided with at least two second distributor bodies. Each row of second distributors are arranged around the section axis of the first distributor; the second distributor is shaped like a funnel, the first distributor is a straight cylinder, an air inlet in the tangential direction is formed in the first distributor, and a buffer space is reserved at the tail end of the first distributor. The multi-hole gas inlet and multi-section mixing mode is adopted to enlarge the contact area of air and fuel gas, so that the air and the fuel gas are uniformly mixed, combustion hot airflow is stabilized at the position of a central axis, the reaction state that the temperature of a hearth wall is low and the temperature of a central point is high is maintained, excess oxygen is reduced, temperature gradient distribution is more uniform, and raw oil cracking is more sufficient; the production of carbon black crystal nucleus is promoted, so that the yield and quality of raw oil are improved, and the oil consumption is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of carbon black production technology and specifically to an air and gas distributor for a carbon black reaction furnace. Background Art

[0002] In the process of carbon black production, in order to ensure the full combustion of the crude oil and improve the yield and quality of carbon black, an air-gas distributor needs to be installed in front of the combustion section of the reactor to fully mix the air and gas and burn them completely, thus providing sufficient reaction heat for the carbon black. The air-gas distributor used in the existing reactor is usually a single-hole centralized reactor. One of the air or gas enters the air-gas distributor along the axial inlet, and the other enters the air-gas distributor along the radial direction through the air inlet on the outer wall of the air-gas distributor. The contact area between the air and the gas in this air-gas distributor is limited, and the mixing is uneven, which causes the combustion hot air flow to deviate from the central axis, and the highest point of the flame combustion temperature deviates from the position where the crude oil is sprayed into the throat, resulting in high furnace wall temperature and low center point temperature, which affects the carbon black yield and quality. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an air and gas distributor for a carbon black reactor, which adopts a multi-hole air intake and multi-stage mixing method to expand the contact area between air and gas, so that the two are evenly mixed, stabilize the combustion hot air flow at the central axis, maintain a reaction state in which the furnace wall temperature is low and the center point temperature is high, reduce excess oxygen, increase the generation temperature of the carbon black reaction, make the temperature gradient distribution more uniform, crack the crude oil more fully, promote the production of carbon black crystal nuclei, thereby improving the crude oil yield and quality and reducing oil consumption.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is: an air and gas distributor for a carbon black reactor, comprising a first distributor and a second distributor arranged inside the first distributor, the second distributor being arranged along the axial direction of the first distributor and having at least two rows, each row being provided with at least two second distributors, and each row of second distributors being arranged around the cross-sectional axis of the first distributor; the second distributor comprising a first straight cylinder section, a tapered section and a second straight cylinder section connected in sequence, the diameter of the first straight cylinder section being greater than the diameter of the second straight cylinder section, and the end of the first straight cylinder section not connected to the tapered section being used as a first air inlet; the first distributor comprising a third straight cylinder section, the first straight cylinder section of the first row of second distributors being arranged close to one end of the third straight cylinder section, the other end of the third straight cylinder section being at a distance of 0.5 to 1 length of the second distributor from the second straight cylinder section of the last row, the outer wall of the third straight cylinder section corresponding to the first air inlet of the first straight cylinder section of each row of second distributors, and two upper and lower second air inlets being arranged along the tangent direction, and the two second air inlets being symmetrical about the cross-sectional axis center of the third straight cylinder section.

[0005] Furthermore, for two adjacent rows of second distributors, along the direction of airflow, the second straight-tube section of the front row of second distributors is connected to the first straight-tube section of the rear row of second distributors. Except for the first row of second distributors, the first straight-tube sections of the remaining second distributors are provided with connecting rings and cross-shaped connecting frames. One end of the connecting frame is connected to the inner wall of the first straight-tube section, and the other end is connected to the connecting ring.

[0006] Furthermore, at least one exhaust hole is arranged on the outer wall of the first straight tube section of the second distributor, and each exhaust hole is arranged around the cross-sectional axis of the first straight tube section.

[0007] Furthermore, for two adjacent rows of second air inlets, along the airflow direction, the second air inlets in the rear row are staggered with the second air inlets in the front row, and the staggered angle is 360 / N degrees, where N is the number of rows of the second distributor.

[0008] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0009] (1) The gas in the first distributor is mixed with the gas in the second distributor in sections by multiple rows of second distributors arranged around the cross-sectional axis of the first distributor, thereby increasing the contact area between air and gas and making the two mixed evenly; the second distributor is funnel-shaped, and the conical section can increase the gas flow rate in the second distributor. The connection between two adjacent rows of second distributors can form a Venturi effect, thereby accelerating the mixing speed of the gas in the first distributor and the second distributor at the connection, and promoting even mixing of the two;

[0010] (2) The outer wall of the third straight cylinder section is provided with a second air inlet in the tangential direction, which promotes the formation of swirl flow in the internal gas and increases the turbulence of the air flow, which can not only promote the mixing of air and gas, but also promote combustion and increase the reaction temperature of the crude oil. At the same time, it can also reduce the excess air coefficient and reduce the excess oxygen content in the flue gas produced by combustion; the second air inlets in two adjacent rows are arranged in a staggered manner, which can make the mixing of air and gas more uniform and form a more uniform and stable swirl flow;

[0011] (3) A certain distance is left between the last row of second distributors and the end of the third straight section of the reactor combustion section to form a buffer space, so that the gases discharged from each second distributor in the last row can be fully mixed to form a uniform airflow, thereby making the combustion hot airflow of the combustion section stable on the central axis, and the highest point of the flame combustion temperature is located at the position where the crude oil is injected into the throat, maintaining the reaction state of low furnace wall temperature and high center point temperature, reducing excess oxygen, making the temperature gradient distribution more uniform, and the crude oil cracking more fully, reducing the crude oil consumption, and improving the quality and yield of carbon black. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 It is a side schematic diagram of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second distributor in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the connection between two adjacent rows of second distributors in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0017] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1-first distributor, 2-second distributor, 3-first straight section, 4-tapered section, 5-second straight section, 6-first air inlet, 7-third straight section, 8-second air inlet, 9-air hole, 10-igniter, 11-baffle, 12-reserved hole, 13-mounting hole, 14-connecting frame, 15-connecting ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purpose, features and advantages of the utility model, the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the utility model, but the utility model can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and therefore, the utility model is not limited to the limitations of the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0019] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the usual meanings understood by persons of ordinary skill in the field described in this application. The words "first", "second" and similar terms used in this patent application specification and claims do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, words such as "one" or "an" do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the existence of at least one. Words such as "connected" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship also changes accordingly.

[0020] like Figure 1~Figure 4 As shown, an air and gas distributor for a carbon black reactor comprises a first distributor 1 and a second distributor 2 arranged inside the first distributor 1. Air and gas are introduced into the first distributor 1 and the second distributor 2 respectively. In an embodiment of the utility model, gas is introduced into the first distributor 1 and air is introduced into the second distributor 2. They can also be interchangeable in actual use, that is, air is introduced into the first distributor 1 and gas is introduced into the second distributor 2.

[0021] The second distributor 2 is arranged along the axial direction of the first distributor 1, and at least two rows are arranged, each row is provided with at least two second distributors 2, and each row of second distributors 2 is arranged around the cross-sectional axis of the first distributor 1, so as to divide the interior of the first distributor 1 into different mixing sections, and mix the gas of the first distributor 1 in sections. The second distributor 2 includes a first straight section 3, a tapered section 4, and a second straight section 5 connected in sequence, and is shaped like a funnel. The tapered section 4 can reduce the cross-section through which air flows, and increase the air flow speed; the diameter of the first straight section 3 is larger than the diameter of the second straight section 5, and the end of the first straight section 3 that is not connected to the tapered section 4 serves as the first air inlet 6. The first air inlet 6 of the second distributor 2 in the first row is used to introduce air, and the first air inlet 6 of the second distributor 2 in other rows is used to circulate air and gas.

[0022] The first distributor 1 includes a third straight section 7, the first straight section 3 of the first row of second distributors 2 is arranged near one end of the third straight section 7, and the other end of the third straight section 7 is 0.5 to 1 length of the second distributor 2 from the second straight section 5 of the last row of second distributors 2, forming a buffer space, so that the gases discharged from each second distributor 2 in the last row can be fully mixed to form a uniform airflow. The outer wall of the third straight section 7 corresponds to the first air inlet 6 of the first straight section 3 of each row of second distributors 2, and two upper and lower second air inlets 8 are arranged along the tangent direction. The second air inlet 8 is used to pass the gas, and the two second air inlets 8 are symmetrical about the cross-sectional axis center of the third straight section 7. The second air inlet 8 can promote the formation of swirl in the internal gas, increase the turbulence of the air flow, promote the mixing of air and gas, promote combustion, increase the reaction temperature of the crude oil, and reduce the excess air coefficient and the excess oxygen content in the flue gas produced by combustion.

[0023] In the embodiment of the utility model, for two adjacent rows of second distributors 2, along the forward direction of the airflow, the second straight section 5 of the first row of second distributors 2 is connected to the first straight section 3 of the second distributor 2 in the next row. Except for the first row of second distributors 2, the first straight sections 3 of the remaining second distributors 2 are provided with a connecting ring 15 and a cross-shaped connecting frame 14, one end of the connecting frame 14 is connected to the inner wall of the first straight section 3, and the other end is connected to the connecting ring 15. The connecting ring 15 is sleeved on the second straight section 5 of the first row of second distributors 2 and fixed, so that the connection of the two adjacent rows of second distributors 2 can be achieved. At the connection of the two rows of second distributors 2, since the cross section of the air is reduced when it flows through the second straight section 5 of the first row of second distributors 2, the flow rate is increased, so a Venturi effect is formed at the connection of the two rows of second distributors 2, which accelerates the mixing of air and gas.

[0024] For two adjacent rows of second air inlets 8, along the forward direction of the airflow, the second air inlets 8 in the rear row are staggered with the second air inlets 8 in the front row, and the staggered angle is 360 / N degrees, where N is the number of rows of the second distributor. The staggered second air inlets 8 can make the air and gas mix more evenly, forming a more uniform and stable swirl. In the embodiment of the utility model, the value of N is 3, and the staggered angle of the second air inlets 8 in the adjacent rows is 60 degrees.

[0025] In order to further increase the contact area between air and gas and promote uniform mixing of the two, at least one exhaust hole 9 is provided on the outer wall of the first straight section 3 of the second distributor 2, and each exhaust hole 9 is arranged around the cross-sectional axis of the first straight section 3. The gas in the first distributor 1 can enter the first straight section 3 of the second distributor 2 through the air hole 9 and mix with the air, so that the second distributor 2 is used more efficiently for air and gas mixing.

[0026] The working principle of the utility model is as follows:

[0027] The end of the third straight tube section 7 with a buffer space is connected to the combustion section of the reactor, and a baffle 11 is installed on the end of the third straight tube section 7 connected to the first straight tube section 3 of the first row of second distributors 2. The baffle 11 has a reserved hole 12 connected to the first straight tube section 3 of the first row of second distributors 2 and a mounting hole 13 for inserting the igniter 10. The igniter 10 passes through the third straight tube section 7 and extends into the combustion section of the reactor.

[0028] Air is introduced into the first air inlet 6, and fuel gas is introduced into the second air inlet 8. The air flows through the line as shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown by the solid arrows in the figure, the gas flows through the line as follows Figure 1As shown by the dotted line in . Since the second gas distributor is funnel-shaped, the flow rate will increase due to the reduction of the cross section at the conical section 4. Therefore, the Venturi effect will appear at the connection of the two rows of second distributors 2, that is, the flow rate of the second straight section 5 of the first row of second distributors 2 is greater than the flow rate of the first straight section 3 of the second distributor 2 in the second row. Since the greater the gas flow rate, the smaller the pressure, a negative pressure will be generated at the connection of the two rows of second distributors 2, thereby accelerating the gas flow rate in the third straight section 7, "sucking" the gas into the second distributor 2 in the second row, and promoting uniform mixing of the two. The contact area of ​​air and gas is increased by multiple rows of second distributors 2 for segmented mixing, forming a more uniform mixed gas flow. In addition to promoting the mixing of air and gas through the Venturi effect, the gas can also enter the first straight section 3 through the air holes 9 on the first straight section 3, mix with the air in the first straight section 3, and improve the utilization rate of the second distributor 2, especially the first row of second distributors 2.

[0029] The second air inlet 8 in the tangential direction can promote the formation of swirl in the internal gas and increase the turbulence of the air flow, which can not only promote the mixing of air and gas, but also promote combustion and increase the reaction temperature of the crude oil. At the same time, it can also reduce the excess air coefficient and reduce the excess oxygen content in the flue gas produced by combustion. The staggered arrangement of the second air inlets 8 in two adjacent rows can make the mixing of air and gas more uniform and form a more uniform and stable swirl.

[0030] After the gas discharged from the last row of the second distributor 2 enters the buffer space, the cross-section suddenly increases and the air flow velocity slows down, so that multiple streams of mixed gas evenly fill the buffer chamber, forming a uniform mixed airflow that enters the combustion chamber, so that the combustion hot airflow in the combustion section is stabilized on the central axis, and the highest point of the flame combustion temperature is located at the position where the crude oil is sprayed into the throat, maintaining a reaction state of low furnace wall temperature and high center point temperature, reducing excess oxygen, making the temperature gradient distribution more uniform, and the crude oil cracking more fully, reducing crude oil consumption, and improving carbon black quality and yield.

[0031] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, and is not intended to limit the utility model. For those skilled in the art, the utility model can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A carbon black reactor air and gas distributor, characterized in that: It includes a first distributor and a second distributor arranged inside the first distributor, the second distributor is arranged along the axial direction of the first distributor and is provided with at least two rows, each row is provided with at least two second distributors, and each row of second distributors is arranged around the cross-sectional axis of the first distributor; the second distributor includes a first straight tube section, a tapered section and a second straight tube section connected in sequence, the diameter of the first straight tube section is greater than the diameter of the second straight tube section, and the end of the first straight tube section not connected to the tapered section serves as a first air inlet; the first distributor includes a third straight tube section, the first straight tube section of the first row of second distributors is arranged close to one end of the third straight tube section, the other end of the third straight tube section is 0.5 to 1 length of the second distributor away from the second straight tube section of the last row, the outer wall of the third straight tube section corresponds to the first air inlet of the first straight tube section of each row of second distributors, and two upper and lower second air inlets are arranged along the tangent direction, and the two second air inlets are symmetrical about the cross-sectional axis of the third straight tube section.

2. The air and gas distributor for a carbon black reaction furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: For two adjacent rows of second distributors, along the direction of airflow, the second straight-tube section of the front row of second distributors is connected to the first straight-tube section of the back row of second distributors. Except for the first row of second distributors, the first straight-tube sections of the remaining second distributors are provided with connecting rings and cross-shaped connecting frames, one end of the connecting frame is connected to the inner wall of the first straight-tube section, and the other end is connected to the connecting ring.

3. The air and gas distributor for a carbon black reaction furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one exhaust hole is arranged on the outer wall of the first straight tube section of the second distributor, and each exhaust hole is arranged around the cross-sectional axis of the first straight tube section.

4. The air and gas distributor for a carbon black reaction furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: For two adjacent rows of second air inlets, along the airflow direction, the second air inlets in the rear row are staggered with the second air inlets in the front row, and the staggered angle is 360 / N degrees, where N is the number of rows of the second distributor.

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