Compression mechanism hydraulic system of garbage collection vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a compression mechanism hydraulic system of a garbage collection vehicle and a working method of the compression mechanism hydraulic system in the field of hydraulic systems, which comprises a push plate oil cylinder, a scraper oil cylinder and a sliding plate oil cylinder, and a compression valve block, a back pressure valve block and a plurality of reversing valves are arranged corresponding to the push plate oil cylinder, the scraper oil cylinder and the sliding plate oil cylinder. The hydraulic oil tank supplies oil to the push plate oil cylinder, the scraper oil cylinder and the sliding plate oil cylinder through the duplex hydraulic pump, the reversing valves, the compression valve block and the back pressure valve block. The garbage compression device can improve the garbage compression rate and compression efficiency, plays a role in protecting the compression mechanism, and is convenient for personnel to maintain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of hydraulic systems, and particularly relates to a hydraulic system of a compression mechanism of a garbage collection vehicle and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the existing technology, as people pay more and more attention to environmental protection, there are more efficient and reliable requirements for the collection, transportation and treatment of domestic waste. Various sanitation equipment has also emerged. As a domestic waste collection and transportation vehicle, the rear-loading garbage collection truck is used in more and more occasions. The rear-loading collection truck itself has the function of garbage collection and compression, which can ensure a certain garbage compression ratio and make full use of the garbage box. There will be no secondary pollution such as garbage falling and sewage dripping during transportation. It is the main equipment for the front-end collection of domestic waste in the community.

[0003] The main mechanism of the garbage collection truck is the garbage conveying and compression system composed of a scraper, a slide plate and a push plate mechanism. The scraper mechanism scrapes the garbage, and the slide plate mechanism drives the garbage to move into the box. The push plate and the scraper plate compress the scraped garbage together. With the same box volume, a high compression ratio can load more garbage at one time, improving the utilization rate of the box volume. The operation of the compression mechanism is mainly realized by the oil cylinder, which is controlled by the hydraulic control system. There are many ways to realize the compression function. Most of the existing hydraulic control systems are driven by a single pump, controlled by a solenoid valve, and then cooperate with a position sensor to realize the entire action. Therefore, a good control system is the guarantee to ensure the smooth realization of the compression function. When the hydraulic control system of the current garbage collection truck controls the scraper, slide plate and push plate mechanism, the efficiency and reliability of the compression cycle are low. Therefore, how to improve the efficiency and reliability of the compression cycle, as the most important indicator for measuring a garbage collection truck, is an urgent problem to be solved, and this solution proposes a solution. Utility Model Content

[0004] One of the purposes of the utility model is to provide a hydraulic system for a compression mechanism of a garbage collection vehicle, which can improve the garbage compression rate and compression efficiency, protect the compression mechanism, and facilitate maintenance by personnel.

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is achieved as follows: a compression mechanism hydraulic system of a garbage collection truck, including a push plate cylinder, a scraper cylinder and a skateboard cylinder, and compression valve blocks, back pressure valve blocks and a plurality of reversing valves are arranged corresponding to the push plate cylinder, the scraper cylinder and the skateboard cylinder. The hydraulic oil tank supplies oil to the push plate cylinder, the scraper cylinder and the skateboard cylinder through a double hydraulic pump, each reversing valve, the compression valve block and the back pressure valve block.

[0006] In order to facilitate the reversing of the oil circuit, four reversing valves are provided, and the structure of reversing valve one and reversing valve four is the same. The middle positions of reversing valve one and reversing valve four are respectively provided with A, B, P, and T oil ports. The structure of reversing valve two and reversing valve three is the same. The middle positions of reversing valve two and reversing valve three are respectively provided with A, B, P, and T oil ports.

[0007] As a further improvement of the utility model, the double hydraulic pump includes a pump 1 and a pump 2, the hydraulic oil tank is connected to the inlet of the pump 1 and the pump 2 respectively through two connecting pipelines, the outlets of the pump 1 and the pump 2 are connected to the P oil ports of the reversing valve 1 and the reversing valve 4 respectively through the oil pipeline 1 and the oil pipeline 2, the T oil port of the reversing valve 4 is connected to one end of the return oil filter through the oil pipeline 3, the other end of the return oil filter is connected to the hydraulic oil tank, the T oil port of the reversing valve 1 is connected to the side of the oil pipeline 3 through the oil pipeline 4, and a connecting pipeline is provided between the oil pipeline 4 and the side of the oil pipeline 1 1. A relief valve 1 is provided on the connecting pipeline 1, a connecting pipeline 2 is provided between the sides of the oil pipeline 2 and the oil pipeline 3, a relief valve 2 is provided on the connecting pipeline 2, the P oil ports of the reversing valve 3 and the reversing valve 2 are connected to the A oil port of the reversing valve 1, the T oil ports of the reversing valve 3 and the reversing valve 2 are connected to the connecting port of the connecting pipeline 2 and the oil pipeline 3, the compression valve block is provided with the A and B oil ports for oil inlet and the A1, B1, A21, B21, A22 and B22 oil ports for oil outlet, the A and B oil ports of the compression valve block are respectively connected to the A and B oil ports are connected, the side of the connecting pipeline between the A oil port of the compression valve block and the A oil port of the reversing valve four is connected to the oil pipeline five, the other end of the oil pipeline five is connected to the B oil port of the reversing valve one, and a one-way valve is arranged on the oil pipeline five. The A1 and B1 oil ports of the compression valve block are respectively connected to the rodless chamber and the rod chamber of the scraper cylinder, the A21 and B21 oil ports of the compression valve block are respectively connected to the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the slide cylinder through the oil pipeline six and the oil pipeline seven, and the A22 and B22 oil ports of the compression valve block are respectively connected to the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the other slide cylinder. cavity, the A oil port of the reversing valve three is connected to the side of the oil pipeline six, the oil port B of the reversing valve three is connected to the side of the oil pipeline seven through the oil pipeline eight, the A oil port of the reversing valve two is connected to the rod cavity of the push plate cylinder, the B oil port of the reversing valve two is connected to the rodless cavity of the push plate cylinder through the oil pipeline nine, the back pressure valve block is respectively provided with P, T and PIL oil ports, the P oil port of the back pressure valve block is connected to the side of the oil pipeline nine through the oil pipeline ten, the T oil port of the back pressure valve block is connected to the hydraulic oil tank, and the PIL hydraulic control oil port of the back pressure valve block is connected to the side of the oil pipeline eight.

[0008] As a further improvement of the utility model, two scraper oil cylinders are provided, and the two scraper oil cylinders drive the scraper mechanism more stably.

[0009] As a further improvement of the utility model, a relief valve three, a back pressure valve one and a hydraulically controlled pilot valve are respectively provided inside the back pressure valve block, the inlet of the relief valve three is connected to the P oil port of the back pressure valve block, the outlet of the relief valve three is connected to the inlet of the back pressure valve one, the outlet of the back pressure valve one is connected to the T oil port of the back pressure valve block, the spring chamber of the relief valve three is connected to the inlet of the hydraulically controlled pilot valve, the outlet of the hydraulically controlled pilot valve is connected to the T oil port of the back pressure valve block, and the hydraulically controlled flow channel of the hydraulically controlled pilot valve is connected to the PIL hydraulically controlled oil port of the back pressure valve block.

[0010] As a further improvement of the utility model, the side surface of the oil pipeline ten is connected to the inlet of the safety valve one, the outlet of the safety valve one is connected to the inlet of the one-way throttle valve, the outlet of the one-way throttle valve is connected to the hydraulic oil tank, the side surface of the connecting pipeline between the inlet of the one-way throttle valve and the outlet of the safety valve one is connected to the pressure transmitter, the connecting port on the side surface of the oil pipeline ten and the oil pipeline nine is also connected to the A oil port of the unloading valve, and the B oil port of the unloading valve is connected to the hydraulic oil tank.

[0011] As a further improvement of the utility model, a plurality of inner channels are provided inside the compression valve block, the A and A1 oil ports of the compression valve block are connected through an inner channel one, a one-way balancing valve two is provided on the inner channel one, the B and B1 oil ports of the compression valve block are connected through the inner channel two, the A21 and A22 oil ports of the compression valve block are connected through the inner channel three, the B21 and B22 oil ports of the compression valve block are connected through the inner channel four, the inner channel three is cross-connected with the inner channel two, the sides of the inner channel one and the inner channel two are connected through the inner channel five, a safety valve two is provided on the inner channel five, the side of the inner channel one is connected with the side of the inner channel four through the inner channel six, a sequence valve and a one-way balancing valve one are provided on the inner channel six in sequence, the pilot control oil circuit of the one-way balancing valve two is connected to the side of the inner channel two, the pilot control oil circuit of the one-way balancing valve one is connected to the side of the pilot control oil circuit of the one-way balancing valve two, and the side of the inner channel one is also connected to a pressure switch.

[0012] The hydraulic system of the compression mechanism of the garbage collection vehicle of the utility model mainly consists of a double hydraulic pump, a push plate cylinder, a slide plate cylinder, a scraper cylinder, a reversing valve, a back pressure valve, a safety valve, a sequence valve and connecting pipelines.

[0013] The double pump is equipped with pump 1 and pump 2 to provide power to the push plate cylinder and the scraper plate cylinder respectively, and can also realize confluence to provide a large flow to the scraper plate. The reversing valve 1 and reversing valve 4 can realize the no-load start of the double pump, thereby ensuring the flexible no-load start of the motor. At the same time, by switching the reversing valve 1, pump 1 can supply oil to the push plate cylinder separately or merge with pump 2 through the one-way valve to supply oil to the scraper plate at the same time.

[0014] The rodless chamber of the push plate cylinder is provided with a back-pressure valve, and the pilot control port of the back-pressure valve is connected to the rodless chamber of the skateboard cylinder to take the oil pressure of the rodless chamber. When the skateboard cylinder drives the garbage to move upward into the box, since the reversing valve 2 is not electrically in the middle position, the push plate cylinder is in a locked state, and the upward garbage is continuously compressed under the action of the front and rear skateboards and the push plate. When compressed to a certain density, the oil pressure in the rodless chamber of the skateboard cylinder rises, and the pressure transmitted to the pilot control port of the back-pressure valve of the push plate cylinder also rises accordingly. When the pressure rises to the spring that opens the left end of the pilot valve, the valve core moves to the left, the back-pressure valve is opened, and the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber of the push plate flows back to the oil tank through the back-pressure valve, and the push plate begins to retract. The back-pressure valve is integrated with an overflow valve as the back pressure when the push plate retracts to prevent uneven speed and vibration when the push plate retracts. At this time, the garbage in the scraper plate is compressed and moves upward, and the garbage loading is completed.

[0015] An unloading valve is provided in the push plate rodless cavity for unloaded pressure relief of the push plate rodless cavity, thereby realizing rapid retraction of the push plate cylinder.

[0016] When the pressure relief valve is opened, the hydraulic oil in the piston rod of the push plate is released, and the hydraulic oil in the piston rod of the push plate is retracted.

[0017] The compression valve block is provided with oil inlets A and B, and oil outlets A1, B1, A21, B21, A22, and B22. A1 and B1 are connected to the scraper cylinder, and A1, B1, A21, B21, A22, and B22 are respectively connected to the slide cylinder. The compression valve block is provided with a one-way balancing valve No. 2, which is used to provide back pressure when the scraper cylinder retracts. At this time, the scraper mechanism is opened, which can ensure that when it is opened, especially when the two pumps merge, the movement is smooth and there is no stall. An integrated sequence valve is used to realize the scraper closing when collecting materials, and the sequential action of the slide plate moving up and compressing. An integrated one-way balance valve is used to realize the scraper mechanism in the preparation stage of scraping garbage. The scraper mechanism is opened, and then the slide plate mechanism slides down to above the filler hopper of the collection vehicle to complete the preparation work of scraping garbage. An integrated safety valve 2 is used to protect the scraper mechanism. When the scraper mechanism is closed, if the amount of garbage is too large at this time, the scraper closing force is too large, which will cause the scraper mechanism structural parts to deform or be damaged. Setting the safety valve 2 can limit the scraper closing force in time.

[0018] A reversing valve 3 is provided for when the compression mechanism fails and it is necessary to enter the box for maintenance. At this time, we always hope to be able to retract the scraper plate mechanism to the front end of the box for easy maintenance. This system connects a reversing valve to the A21 and B21 oil ports of the compression valve block to add an emergency control circuit. When the scraper plate mechanism fails, the reversing valve 3 is controlled separately to open the scraper plate mechanism and move the plate mechanism up and return to the initial position. The middle position function of the reversing valve 3 is O-type, and the middle position has an oil locking function, so it does not affect the normal use of the compression valve block.

[0019] The second purpose of the utility model is to provide a working method of the hydraulic system of the compression mechanism of a garbage collection truck, which can improve the garbage compression rate and compression efficiency, protect the compression mechanism, and facilitate maintenance by personnel.

[0020] The purpose of the utility model is achieved as follows: a working method of a hydraulic system of a compression mechanism of a garbage collection vehicle, comprising the following steps:

[0021] Compression preparation stage: When the collection vehicle collects garbage, after the garbage in the stuffer hopper is full, the piston rod of the push plate cylinder is started and extended to the position, and the hydraulic pump 1 and the hydraulic pump 2 are controlled to merge and enter the compression valve block from port B. The high-pressure oil directly enters the rod chamber of the scraper cylinder through the BB1 ​​flow channel, and enters the rod chamber of the slide plate cylinder through A21 and A22 of the compression valve block. At the same time, the pressure oil enters the pilot control chamber of the one-way balance valve 1 and the one-way balance valve 2. The oil in the rodless chamber of the scraper cylinder reaches the one-way balance valve 2 through port A1, and the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber of the slide plate cylinder is discharged through B21 and When the pressure at port B22 reaches the one-way balancing valve 1, and the pressure rises to 35 bar, since the opening setting pressure of the one-way balancing valve 1 is greater than the opening setting pressure of the one-way balancing valve 2, the pressure oil first opens the one-way balancing valve 2, and the scraper oil rodless chamber returns oil first, and the scraper moves to open first. When the scraper is fully opened, the system pressure continues to rise to 50 bar, and the one-way balancing valve 1 is pushed by the pilot pressure oil, the valve core moves to the left and opens, the piston rod of the slide cylinder begins to retract, and the slide mechanism moves down to the top of the stuffer hopper, completing the preparation work before scraping and collecting garbage;

[0022] Compression stage: When scraping garbage, after the two pumps merge, the reversing valve controls the high-pressure oil to enter the compression valve block from port A through the one-way valve in the one-way balance valve 2 to port A1, and then enter the rodless chamber of the scraper cylinder. The rod chamber of the scraper cylinder returns oil through port B1 and returns to the oil tank through flow channel B1B. The scraper cylinder extends, and the scraper mechanism starts to scrape garbage. After the scraper moves in place, the pressure rises. The pressure at port A1 rises by 100 bar. The pressure oil reaches the sequence valve and enters the control oil channel on the left side of the sequence valve, pushing the sequence valve core to move to the right. The sequence valve opens, and the high-pressure oil passes through the sequence valve and enters the B21B22 oil channel of the compression valve block through the one-way valve in the one-way balance valve 1. Then it enters the rodless chamber of the skateboard cylinder, and the skateboard cylinder extends. When the piston rod of the skateboard cylinder extends, the garbage is compressed, and the skateboard moves up with the scraper. As the upward distance increases, the garbage compression density increases, and the pressure in the skateboard cylinder increases. The pressure switch senses pressure P1, P1 The pressure is 130bar, and then it is switched to the large pump for oil supply, the large pump is pump one, and it enters the pressurization stage. After that, the pressure continues to rise to P2, P2 is 220bar, and it is switched to the small pump for oil supply, the small pump is pump two, and it enters the strong pressure stage until the compression is in place to realize garbage loading; in this process, the oil pressure in the rodless cavity of the slide plate is transmitted to the pilot port of the back pressure valve of the rodless cavity of the push plate cylinder. After the garbage is compressed to a certain density, the pressure in the rodless cavity of the slide plate rises. At this density, the oil pressure reaches the set pressure of 140bar of the hydraulic pilot valve in the back pressure valve, which pushes the hydraulic pilot valve to move, and the overflow valve in the back pressure valve opens, and the hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity of the push plate cylinder will enter the back pressure valve, and at the same time, the back pressure valve one hydraulic oil returns to the oil tank to make the push plate retreat smoothly; until the pressure in the rodless cavity of the slide plate cylinder drops to less than the set pressure of the hydraulic pilot valve of the back pressure valve, the back pressure valve is closed again, the push plate mechanism stops retreating, and the garbage is compressed and loaded into the box;

[0023] Unloading garbage: When the garbage is full, the collection truck will transport it to the garbage transfer station for secondary processing, or directly transport it to the garbage treatment plant for processing; after arriving at the treatment plant, start the hydraulic pump to first open the filler and lift it into place, control the reversing valve hydraulic oil to enter the rodless chamber of the push plate cylinder, the piston rod of the push plate cylinder extends, and the push plate pushes the garbage in the box outward to complete the unloading; then the reversing valve switches the high-pressure oil into the rod chamber of the push plate cylinder, and at the same time opens the unloading valve, the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber of the push plate directly returns to the oil tank, and the push plate quickly retreats into place to complete the unloading.

[0024] As a further improvement of the utility model, when the scraper plate mechanism or related hydraulic system components fail and need maintenance, the small pump is started to supply oil, and the reversing valve is controlled to switch to the right position, the hydraulic oil enters the rod chamber of the scraper cylinder, and the scraper opens. Then the reversing valve is switched to the left position, and the high-pressure oil enters the rodless chamber of the skateboard cylinder, and the skateboard moves upward, so that the scraper and skateboard mechanism move upward to the initial position, and the workers begin to enter the box for maintenance.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: 1. The system can realize that the large pump supplies oil to the compression mechanism alone, the small pump supplies oil to the compression mechanism alone, and the two pumps merge to supply oil to the compression mechanism, thereby adjusting the speed of the compression cycle. When the compression mechanism is unloaded and descending, the speed can be accelerated. In the upward compression process, the compression resistance in the first half is small, which can increase the compression speed, and the compression resistance in the second half is large, which can reduce the speed and increase the compression force, thereby improving the compression rate and compression efficiency. 2. The system is provided with a compression valve block, an integrated sequence valve, a one-way balance valve, and a relief valve to realize the cycle of the compression mechanism to realize the scraper opening-slide board downward preparation-scraper closing-slide board upward compression, thereby realizing automatic cycle compression. At the same time, it plays the role of a protection mechanism for possible overload conditions. 3. The system is provided with an emergency maintenance operation function. By setting up a control circuit, the scraper board mechanism can be operated separately. When a fault occurs and needs to be repaired, the scraper board is operated to open and then the slide board moves up, releasing garbage and making room for maintenance personnel to enter the box for maintenance. 4. This system is equipped with safety protection and fault alarm functions for the push plate cylinder. When a system failure causes the push plate mechanism to be unable to return normally, in order to protect the push plate mechanism from damage, a safety valve is provided to ensure that the push plate can retreat when the pressure is too high, and an alarm is sounded in time to prompt the staff to carry out maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic system of the utility model.

[0027] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of .

[0028] Figure 3 It is the structural schematic diagram of the reversing valve three.

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of .

[0030] Figure 5 It is the structural diagram of the back pressure valve block.

[0031] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the compression valve block.

[0032] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the compression mechanism of the garbage collection truck.

[0033] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the compression mechanism of the garbage collection truck.

[0034] Among them, 1 double hydraulic pump, 1a pump one, 1b pump two, 2 overflow valve one, 3 reversing valve one, 4 check valve, 5 reversing valve two, 6 reversing valve three, 7 unloading valve, 8 push plate cylinder, 8a push plate, 9 back pressure valve block, 91 hydraulic pilot valve, 92 overflow valve three, 93 back pressure valve one, 94 hydraulic flow channel, 10 safety valve one, 11 one-way throttle valve, 12 pressure transmitter, 13 scraper cylinder, 13a scraper, 14 compression valve block, 1401 safety valve two, 1402 one-way balance valve one, 1403 sequence valve, 1404 one-way balance valve two, 1405 pressure Switch, 15 skateboard cylinder, 15a skateboard, 16 reversing valve four, 17 relief valve two, 18 return oil filter, 19 hydraulic oil tank, 20 oil pipeline one, 21 oil pipeline two, 22 oil pipeline three, 23 oil pipeline four, 24 connecting pipeline one, 25 connecting pipeline two, 26 oil pipeline five, 27 oil pipeline six, 28 oil pipeline seven, 29 oil pipeline eight, 30 oil pipeline nine, 31 oil pipeline ten, 32 inner channel one, 33 inner channel two, 34 inner channel three, 35 inner channel four, 36 inner channel five, 37 inner channel six, 38 pilot control oil circuit, 39 filler hopper. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] like Figure 1-8 As shown, a hydraulic system of a compression mechanism of a garbage collection truck includes a push plate cylinder 8, a scraper cylinder 13 and a skateboard cylinder 15. Compression valve blocks 14, back pressure valve blocks 9 and a plurality of reversing valves are provided corresponding to the push plate cylinder 8, the scraper cylinder 13 and the skateboard cylinder 15. The hydraulic oil tank 19 supplies oil to the push plate cylinder 8, the scraper cylinder 13 and the skateboard cylinder 15 through the double hydraulic pump 1, the reversing valves, the compression valve block 14 and the back pressure valve block 9.

[0036] In order to facilitate the reversing of the oil circuit, four reversing valves are provided, and the reversing valve 1 3 and the reversing valve 4 16 have the same structure, and the middle positions of the reversing valve 1 3 and the reversing valve 4 16 are respectively provided with A, B, P, and T oil ports, and the reversing valve 2 5 and the reversing valve 3 6 have the same structure, and the middle positions of the reversing valve 2 5 and the reversing valve 3 6 are respectively provided with A, B, P, and T oil ports.

[0037] The double hydraulic pump 1 includes a pump 1a and a pump 2 1b, a hydraulic oil tank 19 is connected to the inlet of the pump 1a and the pump 2 1b respectively through two connecting pipelines, and the outlets of the pump 1a and the pump 2 1b are connected to the P oil ports of the reversing valve 13 and the reversing valve 4 16 through the oil pipeline 1 20 and the oil pipeline 2 21 respectively, the T oil port of the reversing valve 4 16 is connected to one end of the return oil filter 18 through the oil pipeline 3 22, and the other end of the return oil filter 18 is connected to the hydraulic oil tank 19, the T oil port of the reversing valve 13 is connected to the side of the oil pipeline 3 22 through the oil pipeline 4 23, and a connecting pipeline is provided between the oil pipeline 4 23 and the side of the oil pipeline 1 20 A relief valve 1 is provided on the connecting pipeline 1 24, a connecting pipeline 25 is provided between the sides of the oil pipeline 2 21 and the oil pipeline 3 22, a relief valve 2 is provided on the connecting pipeline 25, the P oil ports of the reversing valve 3 6 and the reversing valve 2 5 are both connected to the A oil port of the reversing valve 1 3, the T oil ports of the reversing valve 3 6 and the reversing valve 2 5 are both connected to the connecting port of the connecting pipeline 2 25 and the oil pipeline 3 22, the compression valve block 14 is provided with oil inlet ports A and B and oil outlet ports A1, B1, A21, B21, A22 and B22, the oil ports A and B of the compression valve block 14 are respectively connected to the reversing valve 4 1 6, the oil ports A and B of the compression valve block 14 are connected, the oil port A of the compression valve block 14 and the oil port A of the reversing valve 4 16 are connected to the oil pipeline 5 26 on the side of the connecting pipeline, the other end of the oil pipeline 5 26 is connected to the oil port B of the reversing valve 1 3, and a one-way valve 4 is provided on the oil pipeline 5 26. The oil ports A1 and B1 of the compression valve block 14 are respectively connected to the rodless chamber and the rod chamber of the scraper cylinder 13, the oil ports A21 and B21 of the compression valve block 14 are respectively connected to the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the slide plate cylinder 15 through the oil pipeline 6 27 and the oil pipeline 7 28, and the oil ports A22 and B22 of the compression valve block 14 are respectively connected to the rod chamber of another slide plate cylinder 15. The oil port A of the reversing valve three 6 is connected to the side of the oil pipeline six 27, the oil port B of the reversing valve three 6 is connected to the side of the oil pipeline seven 28 via the oil pipeline eight 29, the oil port A of the reversing valve two 5 is connected to the rod chamber of the push plate cylinder 8, the oil port B of the reversing valve two 5 is connected to the rodless chamber of the push plate cylinder 8 via the oil pipeline nine 30, and the back pressure valve block 9 is respectively provided with P, T and PIL oil ports, the P oil port of the back pressure valve block 9 is connected to the side of the oil pipeline nine 30 via the oil pipeline ten 31, the T oil port of the back pressure valve block 9 is connected to the hydraulic oil tank 19, and the hydraulic control oil port PIL of the back pressure valve block 9 is connected to the side of the oil pipeline eight 29.

[0038] There are two scraper oil cylinders 13. Two scraper oil cylinders 13 drive the scraper mechanism more steadily.

[0039] A relief valve three 92, a back pressure valve one 93 and a hydraulically controlled pilot valve 91 are respectively provided inside the back pressure valve block 9. The inlet of the relief valve three 92 is connected to the P oil port of the back pressure valve block 9, the outlet of the relief valve three 92 is connected to the inlet of the back pressure valve one 93, the outlet of the back pressure valve one 93 is connected to the T oil port of the back pressure valve block 9, the spring chamber of the relief valve three 92 is connected to the inlet of the hydraulically controlled pilot valve 91, the outlet of the hydraulically controlled pilot valve 91 is connected to the T oil port of the back pressure valve block 9, and the hydraulically controlled flow channel 94 of the hydraulically controlled pilot valve 91 is connected to the hydraulically controlled oil port PIL of the back pressure valve block 9.

[0040] The side of the oil pipeline 10 31 is connected to the inlet of the safety valve 10, the outlet of the safety valve 10 is connected to the inlet of the one-way throttle valve 11, the outlet of the one-way throttle valve 11 is connected to the hydraulic oil tank 19, the side of the connecting pipeline between the inlet of the one-way throttle valve 11 and the outlet of the safety valve 10 is connected to the pressure transmitter 12, the connecting port on the side of the oil pipeline 10 31 and the oil pipeline 9 30 is also connected to the A oil port of the unloading valve 7, and the B oil port of the unloading valve 7 is connected to the hydraulic oil tank 19.

[0041] The compression valve block 14 is provided with a plurality of inner channels. The oil ports A and A1 of the compression valve block 14 are connected through an inner channel 1 32. A one-way balance valve 2 1404 is provided on the inner channel 1 32. The oil ports B and B1 of the compression valve block 14 are connected through an inner channel 2 33. The oil ports A21 and A22 of the compression valve block 14 are connected through an inner channel 3 34. The oil ports B21 and B22 of the compression valve block 14 are connected through an inner channel 4 35. The inner channel 3 34 is cross-connected with the inner channel 2 33. The sides of the inner channel 1 32 and the inner channel 2 33 are connected through the inner channel 5 3 6 are interconnected, a safety valve 2 1401 is provided on the inner channel 5 36, the side of the inner channel 1 32 is connected with the side of the inner channel 4 35 through the inner channel 6 37, a sequence valve 1403 and a one-way balancing valve 1 1402 are provided on the inner channel 6 37 in sequence, the pilot control oil circuit 38 of the one-way balancing valve 2 1404 is connected to the side of the inner channel 2 33, the pilot control oil circuit 38 of the one-way balancing valve 1 1402 is connected to the side of the pilot control oil circuit 38 of the one-way balancing valve 2 1404, and a pressure switch 1405 is also connected to the side of the inner channel 1 32.

[0042] The compression mechanism of the garbage collection vehicle comprises a scraper 13a, a slide plate 15a and a push plate 8a mechanism, and the scraper cylinder, the slide plate cylinder and the push plate cylinder drive the scraper, the slide plate and the push plate mechanism respectively.

[0043] A working method of a compression mechanism hydraulic system of a garbage collection vehicle comprises the following steps:

[0044] Compression preparation stage: When the collection vehicle collects garbage, after the garbage in the stuffer hopper 39 is full, the piston rod of the push plate cylinder 8 is started and extended to the position, and the hydraulic pump 1a and the hydraulic pump 2 1b are controlled to merge and enter the compression valve block 14 from the B port. The high-pressure oil directly enters the rod chamber of the scraper cylinder 13 through the BB1 ​​flow channel, and enters the rod chamber of the slide plate cylinder 15 through A21 and A22 of the compression valve block 14. At the same time, the pressure oil enters the pilot control chamber of the check valve 41 and the check valve 42. The oil in the rodless chamber of the scraper cylinder 13 reaches the one-way balance valve 2 1404 through the A1 port, and the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber of the slide plate cylinder 15 is discharged through the B21 When the pressure reaches the one-way balancing valve 1 through the B22 port, and the pressure rises to 35 bar, since the opening setting pressure of the one-way balancing valve 1402 is greater than the opening setting pressure of the one-way balancing valve 2 1404, the pressure oil first opens the one-way balancing valve 2 1404, and the scraper oil rodless chamber returns oil first, and the scraper moves to open first. When the scraper is fully opened, the system pressure continues to rise to 50 bar, and the one-way balancing valve 1 1402 is pushed by the pilot pressure oil, and the valve core moves to the left to open, the piston rod of the slide cylinder 15 begins to retract, and the slide mechanism moves down to the top of the stuffer hopper, completing the preparation work before scraping and collecting garbage;

[0045] Compression stage: When scraping garbage, after the two pumps merge, the reversing valve controls the high-pressure oil to enter the compression valve block 14 from port A, through the one-way valve 4 in the one-way balance valve 1404 to port A1, and then enter the rodless chamber of the scraper cylinder 13. The rod chamber of the scraper cylinder 13 returns oil through port B1 and returns to the oil tank through flow channel B1B. The scraper cylinder 13 extends, and the scraper mechanism starts to scrape garbage. After the scraper moves in place, the pressure rises, and the pressure at port A1 rises by 100 bar. The pressure oil reaches the sequence valve 1403 and enters the sequence valve 1 The left side control oil channel of 403 pushes the valve core of sequence valve 1403 to move rightward, and sequence valve 1403 opens. After passing through sequence valve 1403, high-pressure oil enters B21B22 oil channel of compression valve block 14 through the one-way valve in one-way balance valve 1402, and then enters rodless cavity of slide cylinder 15. Slide cylinder 15 extends. When the piston rod of slide cylinder 15 extends, garbage is compressed. The slide moves up with the scraper. As the upward moving distance increases, the garbage compression density increases, and the pressure in slide cylinder 15 increases. , the pressure switch 1405 senses the pressure P1, P1 is 130bar, then it switches to the large pump to supply oil, the large pump is pump one, and enters the pressurization stage, and then the pressure continues to rise to P2, P2 is 220bar, and it switches to the small pump to supply oil, the small pump is pump two, and enters the strong pressure stage until it is compressed in place to achieve garbage loading; in this process, the oil pressure in the rodless cavity of the slide plate is transmitted to the pilot port of the back pressure valve of the rodless cavity of the push plate cylinder 8. After the garbage is compressed to a certain density, the pressure in the rodless cavity of the slide plate rises At this density, the oil pressure reaches the set pressure of 140 bar of the hydraulic pilot valve 91 in the back pressure valve, pushing the hydraulic pilot valve 91 to move, the overflow valve in the back pressure valve opens, and the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber of the push plate cylinder 8 enters the back pressure valve, and at the same time, the hydraulic oil of the back pressure valve 93 returns to the oil tank to make the push plate retreat smoothly; until the rodless chamber pressure of the slide plate cylinder 15 drops to less than the set pressure of the hydraulic pilot valve 91 of the back pressure valve, the back pressure valve closes again, the push plate mechanism stops retreating, and the garbage is compressed and loaded into the box;

[0046] Unloading garbage: When the garbage is full, the collection truck will transport it to the garbage transfer station for secondary processing, or directly transport it to the garbage treatment plant for processing; after arriving at the treatment plant, start the hydraulic pump to first open the filler and lift it into place, control the reversing valve hydraulic oil to enter the rodless chamber of the push plate cylinder, the piston rod of the push plate cylinder 8 extends, and the push plate pushes the garbage in the box outward to complete the unloading; then the reversing valve switches the high-pressure oil into the rod chamber of the push plate cylinder 8, and at the same time opens the unloading valve 7, the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber of the push plate directly returns to the oil tank, and the push plate quickly retreats into place to complete the unloading.

[0047] The fault emergency operation of this system is as follows: when the scraper plate mechanism or related hydraulic system components fail and need maintenance, start the small pump to supply oil, control the reversing valve three 6 to switch to the right position, the hydraulic oil enters the rod chamber of the scraper cylinder 13, and the scraper opens. Then switch the reversing valve to the left position, high-pressure oil enters the rodless chamber of the skateboard cylinder 15, and the skateboard moves upward, so that the scraper plate mechanism moves upward to the initial position, and the worker begins to enter the box for maintenance.

[0048] The advantages of the utility model are as follows: 1. The system can realize the oil supply of a large pump alone, a small pump alone, and a double pump combined oil supply, so that the compression mechanism can adjust the running speed in time according to the load size, realize rapid descent, and realize rapid-compression-strong pressure matching in the process of compressing garbage, fast running with no load or light load, and slow running with heavy load, which not only ensures the compression density of garbage, but also improves the compression operation time and the efficiency of the compression cycle. 2. The system can realize the automatic cycle of scraper opening-slide board downward preparation-scraper closing-slide board upward compression by providing a compression valve block 14. The action switching is automatically realized by the built-in related pressure valve, which saves the complex configuration of related hydraulic control and position sensor control. The system is simple and reliable in action, which simplifies the control logic and cost of the mechanism, saves the installation of pipelines and lines, and is convenient for maintenance. 3. The system is equipped with an emergency control system. When the compression mechanism fails and needs maintenance, the compression mechanism can be manually controlled to act alone to reset the scraper board mechanism to the initial position to free up space for maintenance. 4. This system has safety protection and fault alarm functions for the push plate oil cylinder 8. When the push plate mechanism or hydraulic system fails during the compression process, the push plate can retreat in time to prevent excessive pressure from damaging the push plate mechanism, and promptly alarm to notify the staff for maintenance. 5. This system has a protective function for the scraper mechanism. When the scraper encounters a lot of garbage, it can limit the maximum closing force of the scraper mechanism to protect the scraper mechanism from deformation or damage.

[0049] The present utility model is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. On the basis of the technical solution disclosed in the present utility model, technicians in this field can make some substitutions and deformations to some technical features therein according to the disclosed technical content without creative labor, and these substitutions and deformations are all within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A hydraulic system for a compression mechanism of a garbage collection truck, comprising a push plate cylinder, a scraper cylinder and a slide plate cylinder, characterized in that: Corresponding to the push plate cylinder, scraper cylinder and skateboard cylinder, a compression valve block, a back pressure valve block and a plurality of reversing valves are arranged. The hydraulic oil tank supplies oil to the push plate cylinder, scraper cylinder and skateboard cylinder through a double hydraulic pump, various reversing valves, a compression valve block and a back pressure valve block. There are four reversing valves, and the reversing valve one and the reversing valve four have the same structure. The middle positions of the reversing valve one and the reversing valve four are respectively provided with A, B, P, and T oil ports, and the reversing valve two and the reversing valve three have the same structure. The middle positions of the reversing valve two and the reversing valve three are respectively provided with A, B, P, and T oil ports.

2. A compression mechanism hydraulic system for a garbage collection vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The double hydraulic pump comprises a pump 1 and a pump 2, the hydraulic oil tank is connected to the inlet of the pump 1 and the pump 2 respectively through two connecting pipelines, the outlets of the pump 1 and the pump 2 are connected to the P oil ports of the reversing valve 1 and the reversing valve 4 respectively through the oil pipeline 1 and the oil pipeline 2, the T oil port of the reversing valve 4 is connected to one end of the return oil filter through the oil pipeline 3, the other end of the return oil filter is connected to the hydraulic oil tank, the T oil port of the reversing valve 1 is connected to the side of the oil pipeline 3 through the oil pipeline 4, a connecting pipeline 1 is provided between the oil pipeline 4 and the side of the oil pipeline 1, and a connecting pipeline 1 is provided A connecting pipeline 2 is provided between the side of the overflow valve 1, the oil pipeline 2 and the oil pipeline 3, and the connecting pipeline 2 is provided with the overflow valve 2. The P oil ports of the reversing valve 3 and the reversing valve 2 are connected to the A oil port of the reversing valve 1, and the T oil ports of the reversing valve 3 and the reversing valve 2 are connected to the connecting port of the connecting pipeline 2 and the oil pipeline 3. The compression valve block is provided with the A and B oil ports for oil inlet and the A1, B1, A21, B21, A22 and B22 oil ports for oil outlet. The A and B oil ports of the compression valve block are respectively connected to the A and B oil ports of the reversing valve 4. The side of the connecting pipeline between the A oil port of the compression valve block and the A oil port of the reversing valve four is connected with the oil pipeline five, the other end of the oil pipeline five is connected with the B oil port of the reversing valve one, and a one-way valve is arranged on the oil pipeline five. The A1 and B1 oil ports of the compression valve block are respectively connected to the rodless chamber and the rod chamber of the scraper cylinder, the A21 and B21 oil ports of the compression valve block are respectively connected to the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the slide cylinder through the oil pipeline six and the oil pipeline seven, and the A22 and B22 oil ports of the compression valve block are respectively connected to the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the other slide cylinder. The A oil port of the reversing valve three is connected to the side of the oil pipeline six, the B oil port of the reversing valve three is connected to the side of the oil pipeline seven via the oil pipeline eight, the A oil port of the reversing valve two is connected to the rod chamber of the push plate cylinder, the B oil port of the reversing valve two is connected to the rodless chamber of the push plate cylinder via the oil pipeline nine, and the back pressure valve block is respectively provided with P, T and PIL oil ports, the P oil port of the back pressure valve block is connected to the side of the oil pipeline nine via the oil pipeline ten, the T oil port of the back pressure valve block is connected to the hydraulic oil tank, and the PIL hydraulic control oil port of the back pressure valve block is connected to the side of the oil pipeline eight.

3. A compression mechanism hydraulic system for a garbage collection vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The scraper oil cylinders are provided with two.

4. A compression mechanism hydraulic system for a garbage collection vehicle according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: A relief valve three, a back pressure valve one and a hydraulically controlled pilot valve are respectively provided inside the back pressure valve block, the inlet of the relief valve three is connected to the P oil port of the back pressure valve block, the outlet of the relief valve three is connected to the inlet of the back pressure valve one, the outlet of the back pressure valve one is connected to the T oil port of the back pressure valve block, the spring chamber of the relief valve three is connected to the inlet of the hydraulically controlled pilot valve, the outlet of the hydraulically controlled pilot valve is connected to the T oil port of the back pressure valve block, and the hydraulically controlled flow channel of the hydraulically controlled pilot valve is connected to the PIL hydraulically controlled oil port of the back pressure valve block.

5. A compression mechanism hydraulic system for a garbage collection vehicle according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The side surface of the oil pipeline ten is connected to the inlet of the safety valve one, the outlet of the safety valve one is connected to the inlet of the one-way throttle valve, the outlet of the one-way throttle valve is connected to the hydraulic oil tank, the side surface of the connecting pipeline between the inlet of the one-way throttle valve and the outlet of the safety valve one is connected to the pressure transmitter, the connecting port on the side surface of the oil pipeline ten and the oil pipeline nine is also connected to the A oil port of the unloading valve, and the B oil port of the unloading valve is connected to the hydraulic oil tank.

6. A compression mechanism hydraulic system for a garbage collection vehicle according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: A plurality of inner channels are arranged inside the compression valve block, the A and A1 oil ports of the compression valve block are connected through the inner channel one, the inner channel one is provided with a one-way balancing valve two, the B and B1 oil ports of the compression valve block are connected through the inner channel two, the A21 and A22 oil ports of the compression valve block are connected through the inner channel three, the B21 and B22 oil ports of the compression valve block are connected through the inner channel four, the inner channel three is cross-connected with the inner channel two, the sides of the inner channel one and the inner channel two are connected through the inner channel five, the inner channel five is provided with a safety valve two, the side of the inner channel one is connected with the side of the inner channel four through the inner channel six, the inner channel six is ​​provided with a sequence valve and a one-way balancing valve one in sequence, the pilot control oil circuit of the one-way balancing valve two is connected with the side of the inner channel two, the pilot control oil circuit of the one-way balancing valve one is connected with the side of the pilot control oil circuit of the one-way balancing valve two, and the side of the inner channel one is also connected with a pressure switch.

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