Stamping air cushion type load platform

Abstract

The utility model provides a stamping air cushion type load platform, which belongs to the technical field of air cushion load, and comprises two load buoys and a load cabin positioned above the load buoys, a diffusion air cabin is formed between the load buoys and the load cabin, and the diffusion air cabin comprises a front cabin plate and a rear cabin plate which are positioned between the two load buoys and are tightly connected with the load buoys; an opening is formed between the top of the front cabin plate and the bottom plate of the load cabin and is a stamping air inlet; when the air cushion platform sails in the speed V direction, after air with the relative speed enters the diffusion air cabin from the stamping air inlet, the speed is reduced to zero, the kinetic energy of the air is completely converted into pressure energy, the pressure of the diffusion air is increased, and the air cushion platform can be supported out of the water surface when the pressure of the diffusion air cabin is increased to a certain level along with the increase of the sailing speed. The structure is simple, the principle is reliable, and the construction economy is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of air cushion loads, and in particular to a stamped air cushion type load platform. Background Art

[0002] An air cushion load platform refers to a device that uses compressed air above atmospheric pressure to form a layer of air cushion between the hull and the water surface or the ground during navigation, thereby isolating the hull from the water surface and lifting the hull partially or completely off the water surface or the ground.

[0003] Chinese patent CN205652126U provides a side-walled air cushion craft, including a left side wall and a right side wall extending downwardly and rigidly on both sides of the bottom of the hull, a front baffle extending downwardly and rigidly between the left side wall and the right side wall of the front part of the hull, and a rear baffle extending downwardly and rigidly between the left side wall and the right side wall of the rear part of the hull. The downward extension heights of the front and rear baffles are respectively less than the downward extension heights of the left and right side walls, and the left side wall, the right side wall, the front baffle and the rear baffle of the bottom of the hull together form an air cushion cavity; the water suction port is arranged at the bottom of the hull, and under the action of a pressurized water pump, the front nozzle and the rear nozzle spray a high-pressure water curtain; the gas boosting system is mainly composed of a fan and an inflation pipe, the fan is arranged on the hull, and one end of the inflation pipe is connected to the fan and the other end is connected to the air cushion cavity. The air cushion of this patent is formed by inflating the air cushion skirt with power output by the engine. Its characteristic is that it can float to the surface at zero speed. However, another engine is still needed for navigation, and the air cushion chamber is pressurized by a fan and an inflation tube, which increases the cost and the load weight, which will reduce the navigation speed and reduce the load-bearing capacity. Summary of the invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a ram air cushion load platform in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, wherein a pressure-expanding air chamber is formed between two load buoys, a front cabin plate, a rear cabin plate, a bottom plate of the load chamber, and the water surface. By increasing the air pressure of the pressure-expanding air chamber, as the speed increases, when the air pressure of the pressure-expanding air chamber increases to a certain level, the air cushion platform can be lifted out of the water surface, and there is no need to pressurize the pressure-expanding air chamber through a fan and an air charging pipe.

[0005] Technical solution: The ram air cushion load platform described in the present invention includes two load buoys and a load cabin located above the load buoys, and a pressure diffuser is formed between the load buoys and the load cabin. The pressure diffuser includes a front cabin plate and a rear cabin plate located between the two load buoys and closely connected to the load buoys, an opening is provided between the top of the front cabin plate and the bottom plate of the load cabin, and the opening is a ram air inlet; the front cabin plate is the front wall of the pressure diffuser, the rear cabin plate is the rear wall of the pressure diffuser, the bottom plate of the load cabin is the top plate of the pressure diffuser, and the bottom plate of the pressure diffuser is the water surface.

[0006] When the air cushion platform sails in the direction of speed V, the air with relative speed enters the diffuser air cabin from the ram air inlet, and its speed drops to zero. The kinetic energy of the air is completely converted into pressure energy, increasing the air pressure of the diffuser air. As the speed increases, the air pressure in the diffuser air cabin increases to a certain level, which can lift the air cushion platform out of the water.

[0007] Furthermore, the front and rear panels have the same shape and are baffles with an arc; the front and rear panels are respectively connected to the two load buoys, and the combined state of the front and rear panels is equivalent to a blade structure of an axial flow compressor, which is a turning continuously expanding channel structure. When the air cushion platform is at rated load and is moored on the water surface, the two panels and the two load buoys are submerged below the water surface line. When the air cushion platform starts to sail in the water, the two panels act as buoyant hydrofoils, which can form hydrodynamics to lift the air cushion platform upward, and the volume of the expansion air tank can also be rapidly increased.

[0008] Furthermore, a lip plate is provided on one side of the bottom plate of the load compartment, and the lip plate is arranged close to the ram air inlet. Between the front cabin plate and the lip plate is a two-dimensional air inlet structure of the aircraft, and its function is to make the airflow entering the ram air inlet continuously and gradually expand to avoid the formation of a large vortex area.

[0009] Furthermore, a wing structure is provided at the tail of the payload compartment, and the wing structure is longitudinally designed as a thickened wing structure. The purpose is, firstly, to reduce navigation resistance, and secondly, to increase the air flow rate flowing through the cabin top, reduce the air pressure on the top surface of the payload compartment, increase the pressure difference between the cabin top and the cabin bottom, and increase the buoyancy of the air cushion platform. This cabin structure is used as a high-speed civilian feeder speedboat.

[0010] Furthermore, the wing structure includes a vertical tail and a horizontal tail, and the horizontal tail can strengthen the rigidity of the vertical tail.

[0011] Furthermore, the vertical tail is a double vertical tail structure. When the air cushion platform floats on the water surface and sails, it can, on the one hand, divert the air on the cabin top; on the other hand, it can form a steering torque by rotating the upwind rudder of the vertical tail.

[0012] The air cushion of the hovercraft is formed by the engine output power to inflate the air cushion skirt. The characteristic is that it can float to the surface at zero speed, and another engine is needed for navigation. The air cushion of the air cushion platform is formed by the relative motion air flow formed by the speed of navigation and poured into the pressure chamber to form the air cushion. The speed of floating to the surface is about 40m / h (1100 meters above sea level). The formation of the air cushion does not require the configuration of the engine, which is the technical advantage of the air cushion platform. The energy consumption per unit load will be much lower. In addition, the air cushion of the hovercraft is formed by the skirt, which is a soft structure, and the air pressure in the skirt is maintained by the engine. The air cushion of the air cushion platform is formed by the arc cabin and the load buoy, which is a rigid structure. The air pressure in the air cushion cabin (pressure chamber) is supported by the navigation speed, so the navigation state of the air cushion platform is similar to that of a rigid water skateboard. Hovercrafts are divided into full-floating and semi-floating types. The stability and reliability of the navigation of the full-floating hovercraft are uncertain because the skirt edge is soft. Part of the hull of a semi-floating hovercraft is a flat-bottomed boat. The role of the air cushion is to reduce the draft of the hull, thereby reducing the resistance to navigation and maintaining the stability and reliability of navigation. Since part of the hull is still below the waterline, the water resistance during navigation is still very large. Therefore, in order to achieve a higher speed, the current military hovercraft is equipped with a large amount of power, and the energy consumption is too high so that the range is very short. The state of the air cushion platform floating on the water is the same as that of the fully floating hovercraft, with no waterline, and the navigation resistance is very small. The stability and reliability obtained by the skateboard effect are very high. Therefore, the high speed and low energy consumption characteristics of the air cushion platform are significantly better than those of the current hovercraft.

[0013] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0014] (1) The displacement of the two buoys of the air cushion platform of the present invention determines the rated load, so the load compartment can also provide a certain amount of load capacity, and the load capacity is considerable;

[0015] (2) The speed at which the load buoy can completely float out of the water is very low (40 km / h), which means that the power level required for the air cushion platform is not high (except for special purposes);

[0016] (3) The load buoy can completely float on the water surface and sail at low speeds. The sailing resistance is changed from water resistance to air resistance. The density difference between the two is more than 800 times, so the power demand for maintaining sailing will be very low. Compared with ships of the same displacement, the energy consumption per unit voyage will be greatly reduced. High speed, low energy consumption and long range will be the greatest value of the air cushion platform.

[0017] (4) The present invention can float on the water surface at a low speed and sail in the air, which can increase the speed. However, the present invention can always sail close to the water without a water surface line, so the stability and operability of the navigation are very high;

[0018] (5) As the sailing speed increases, the air pressure in the compression chamber will increase accordingly, which will lift the air cushion platform out of the water. At this time, it is only necessary to control the air pressure in the compression chamber through leakage to maintain the balance between the gravity of the air cushion platform and the lift of the air cushion, so as to keep the air cushion platform sailing at high speed close to the water.

[0019] (6) The air cushion platform has a simple structure, reliable principle, and good construction economy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic top view of the structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the middle AA direction;

[0022] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Left view of . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] like Figure 1 The ram air cushion load platform of the present invention shown in the figure comprises two load buoys 3 and a load cabin 11 located above the load buoys 3. A vertical tail 10 and a horizontal tail 9 are arranged at the tail of the load cabin 11. In this embodiment, the vertical tail 10 is a double vertical tail structure. Figure 1 As shown, the cross section of the load buoy is rectangular, as shown in Figure 3 As shown, a driving window 8 is also provided on the load compartment.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, a pressure diffuser 12 is formed between the load buoy 3 and the load cabin 11; the pressure diffuser 12 includes a front cabin plate 5 and a rear cabin plate 7 located between the two load buoys 3 and closely connected to the load buoys 3. The front cabin plate 5 and the rear cabin plate 7 have the same shape, are baffles with an arc, and are placed in the same direction. There is an opening between the top of the front cabin plate 5 and the bottom plate of the load cabin 11, and the opening is the ram air inlet 4; the front cabin plate 5 is the front wall of the pressure diffuser 12, the rear cabin plate 7 is the rear wall of the pressure diffuser 12, the bottom plate of the load cabin 11 is the top plate of the pressure diffuser 12, and the bottom plate of the load cabin 11 is provided with a lip plate 6 on one side of the pressure diffuser 12, and the lip plate 6 is provided close to the ram air inlet 4, and the bottom plate of the pressure diffuser 12 is the water surface; that is, a pressure diffuser 12 is formed by two load buoys 3, the front cabin plate 5, the rear cabin plate 7, the bottom plate of the load cabin 11, and the water surface.

[0027] In this embodiment, the power configuration of the air cushion platform can be a propeller engine + a steering gear, the propeller engine is used for normal navigation, and the steering gear is used for low-speed movement when leaving the shore and docking, or the steering gear may not be configured. According to the purpose of the air cushion platform, the engine position can be set in front or in the back. According to the test results, the front engine is more conducive to the air cushion platform surfacing.

[0028] As the speed increases, the air pressure in the expansion air chamber will increase accordingly, and the air cushion platform will be lifted up from the water surface. Once out of the water surface, the air pressure in the chamber will drop rapidly, and the air cushion platform will fall to the water surface, and the air cushion platform will be lifted up again by the energy storage and pressure increase, causing the tail of the air cushion platform to float and bump continuously. Controlling the formation of this state is also a must for increasing the speed. The solution is to install a pressure stabilizing and flow relief device on the rear deck or above the rear deck to maintain a constant air pressure in the expansion chamber.

[0029] Test Example 1

[0030] External force traction water navigation test

[0031] Test location: the surface of Qianling Lake in Guiyang City (altitude about 1,100 meters);

[0032] Traction power: remote control sailing model racing boat of Guizhou Province Marine Model Team;

[0033] The fixing point of the traction line: approximately at the height of the mooring water surface line (2) of the air cushion platform model;

[0034] Length of the traction line: The distance between the traction force and the air cushion platform model is about 10 meters. The purpose is to eliminate the influence of the tugboat wake and make the traction force horizontal. In other words, avoid the traction force from acting in a direction that helps the air cushion platform float up and affects the authenticity of the test results.

[0035] Test requirements: Slowly accelerate, the platform will float and run at a constant speed, and can turn;

[0036] Test results:

[0037] 1) The air cushion platform with rated load is slowly accelerated under the traction of the racing boat. When the speed is about 40km / h (about 11m / s), the load buoy 3 of the air cushion platform is completely out of the water. Figure 2 As shown by the navigation surface line 1 in FIG. 1 , the air cushion platform is completely above the water surface;

[0038] 2) After the air cushion platform is towed and completely surfaced, there is no wake on the water surface, only small bubbles overflowing from the space between the payload compartment and the water surface;

[0039] 3) After the air cushion platform surfaces, it can still remain stable even when the tugboat makes a sharp turn.

[0040] Additional explanation: The test was conducted at an altitude of 1,100 meters. The air density dropped by about 10% compared to sea level conditions. If the test was conducted at sea level, the lifting capacity of the air cushion platform would be stronger.

[0041] Test Example 2

[0042] Air operation test

[0043] ·Test location: National highway;

[0044] Driving power: 750 sidecar three-wheeled motorcycle;

[0045] Traction method: A layer of felt is attached to a wooden board that is larger than the top-view area of ​​the air cushion platform model. The model is placed on the felt. There is a short triangular traction line in the forward direction of the model, and the end of the line is fixed on the wooden board (in front of the model). During the test, one person drives the motorcycle, and one person sits on the side of the motorcycle and holds the wooden board with his hands, so that the forward direction of the air cushion platform model is parallel to the forward direction of the motorcycle. One person sits on the back seat of the motorcycle and holds a camera to shoot the state of the model. In addition to driving the vehicle, the motorcycle driver also pays attention to the speedometer of the vehicle;

[0046] Test requirements: When the vehicle is moving, the wooden board supporting the model must be parallel to the ground, and the model's forward direction must be aligned with the vehicle's forward direction;

[0047] Test results: When the motorcycle speed reaches 60km / h, the air cushion platform model is separated from the pallet by a certain distance and suspended in the air above the pallet under the control of the traction line.

[0048] The test shows that the air cushion platform model in the rated load state can float off the ground when there is a headwind of 60km / h (about 17m / s) on the ground.

[0049] Test Example 3

[0050] Front propeller test

[0051] Test location: indoor cement floor;

[0052] Test power: front propeller + micro motor drive (powered by external battery, with power transmission line input from the tail end of the air cushion platform model);

[0053] Test status: After the motor is powered on and started, the tail end of the model is controlled through the input wire (the motor does not change speed);

[0054] Test results: After the motor started, the propeller rotated at high speed, the model floated, and was able to drag the transmission line in the direction of the propeller's traction force (due to the transmission line drag control, the achievable driving speed could not be confirmed).

[0055] Test description: This test was done by the producer himself. From a theoretical analysis, in this state, due to the anti-torque effect of the propeller, it is impossible for the air cushion platform to float in parallel, but it is possible to float at an angle. In this case, the friction resistance of the air cushion platform to the ground is also greatly reduced, and it is possible for the propeller to drag and move.

[0056] As described above, although the present invention has been shown and described with reference to specific preferred embodiments, it should not be construed as limiting the present invention itself. Various changes in form and details may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A ram air cushion load platform, comprising two load buoys (3) and a load cabin (11) located above the load buoys (3), characterized in that: A pressure diffuser air chamber (12) is formed between the load buoy (3) and the load chamber (11); The pressure diffuser air cabin (12) comprises a front cabin plate (5) and a rear cabin plate (7) located between two load buoys (3) and closely connected to the load buoys (3); an opening is provided between the top of the front cabin plate (5) and the bottom plate of the load cabin (11); the opening is a ram air inlet (4); the front cabin plate (5) is the front wall of the pressure diffuser air cabin (12); the rear cabin plate (7) is the rear wall of the pressure diffuser air cabin (12); the bottom plate of the load cabin (11) is the top plate of the pressure diffuser air cabin (12); and the bottom plate of the pressure diffuser air cabin (12) is the water surface.

2. The stamping air cushion load platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front deck plate (5) and the rear deck plate (7) have the same shape and are baffle plates with a curvature.

3. The stamping air cushion load platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lip plate (6) is provided on one side of the bottom plate of the load compartment (11) located on the diffuser air compartment (12), and the lip plate (6) is arranged close to the ram air inlet (4).

4. The stamping air cushion load platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: A wing structure is arranged at the tail of the load compartment (11).

5. The stamping air cushion load platform according to claim 4, characterized in that: The wing structure comprises a vertical tail (10) and a horizontal tail (9).

6. The stamped air cushion load platform according to claim 5, characterized in that: The vertical tail (10) is a double vertical tail structure.

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